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Marina Early Disini',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(263,1985,'yabanci','pdstevenson1@comcast.net','https://filmkovasi.org/','45.86.15.69','2021-01-30 01:58:08','2021-01-29 21:58:08','I enjoy reading an article that can make men and women think. Also, many thanks for allowing for me to comment. Opaline Mordy Highams',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(264,1916,'watch','ogre@yandex.com','https://filmkovasi.org/','45.137.195.108','2021-01-30 02:40:59','2021-01-29 22:40:59','This piece of writing will help the internet people for creating new website or even a weblog from start to end. 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When I look at your website in Safari, it looks fine but when opening in Internet Explorer, it has some overlapping. I just wanted to give you a quick heads up! Other then that, very good blog! Juieta Fidel Outhe',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(273,2012,'bollywood','ok_countrygal_89@yahoo.com','https://www.hdfilmcehennemi2.pw/kategori/2021-filmleri','185.95.157.96','2021-01-30 17:46:00','2021-01-30 13:46:00','Hey! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a group of volunteers and starting a new project in a community in the same niche. Your blog provided us valuable information to work on. 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Nam varius, turpis eu elementum viverra, urna mauris venenatis elit, id fringilla lectus velit vel elit. Phillis Free Cohbath',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(277,2012,'bollywood','roblou1@sympatico.ca','https://filmkovasi.org/dil/turkce-dublaj','45.130.60.219','2021-01-30 23:32:28','2021-01-30 19:32:28','I pay a quick visit each day a few websites and blogs to read posts, except this website provides quality based articles. Isa Krisha Parks',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(278,2006,'dublaj','sh_st_stanislas@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/komedi','45.86.15.46','2021-01-31 02:53:26','2021-01-30 22:53:26','You made a couple of nice points there. I did an enquiry on the theme and located mainly persons can trust your blog. 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I wish my web site loaded up as fast as yours lol Prissie Donnell Orferd',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(281,2006,'netflix','rosesride@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kalite/4k','45.9.122.101','2021-01-31 05:04:09','2021-01-31 01:04:09','I love it when folks come together and share thoughts. Tiena Kinsley Partan',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(282,1994,'online','n_l_martin@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/dil/turkce-altyazi','45.92.247.130','2021-01-31 07:09:44','2021-01-31 03:09:44','Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. 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Margot Sid Adamo',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(420,1994,'turkce','parispurpleteddy@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kalite/720p','45.142.28.33','2021-02-14 03:56:33','2021-02-13 23:56:33','Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you writing this post and also the rest of the website is very good.| Merl Krishna Mehitable',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(421,1845,'turkce','rburke@msn.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kalite/4k','45.154.84.126','2021-02-14 05:59:27','2021-02-14 01:59:27','Wow! Thank you! I continually needed to write on my website something like that. Can I take a portion of your post to my blog? Zandra Rudie Jocko',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(422,1845,'turkce','montys_angel1974@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/18-erotik','45.86.15.46','2021-02-14 07:00:27','2021-02-14 03:00:27','Its like you read my thoughts! You appear to understand a lot approximately this, like you wrote the ebook in it or something. I think that you simply can do with a few to pressure the message home a bit, but instead of that, that is magnificent blog. A fantastic read. I will certainly be back.| Glad Bone Zeculon',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(423,1994,'turkce','sirod1113@yandex.com','https://filmkovasi.org/','193.8.231.60','2021-02-14 07:07:12','2021-02-14 03:07:12','I blog often and I really thank you for your content. The article has really peaked my interest. I will take a note of your site and keep checking for new details about once per week. I opted in for your Feed too. Flo Rab Pressey',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(424,1845,'turkce','rgssmith@bellsouth.net','https://filmkovasi.org/dil/turkce-altyazi','193.23.245.12','2021-02-14 09:44:27','2021-02-14 05:44:27','Is there cross country skiing? Can we xc ski in to the cabin and on all the trails people snow shoe on? Did you boil or treat the spring water? Thanks for sharing, my partner and I are scheduled to be at this cabin in Feb 2021 Rodina Hunter Dorison',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(425,1994,'turkce','nikkiwesleyphotography@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/yil/2020','193.8.231.1','2021-02-14 09:50:14','2021-02-14 05:50:14','I am a compiz user since 2005. I love the 0.8 version! Thank you for keeping it alive. God bless you all. Hinda Timotheus Katherine',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(426,1845,'turkce','sk8terchic17_2006@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/aile','45.137.80.223','2021-02-14 13:23:47','2021-02-14 09:23:47','I really enjoy the article post. Really looking forward to read more. Really Cool. Stepha Garey Chaffin Modesty Morgen Boggers',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(427,1845,'turkce','mommiesbabe@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kategori/yerli-filmler','45.86.15.129','2021-02-14 17:05:57','2021-02-14 13:05:57','When I initially left a comment I seem to have clicked on the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now whenever a comment is added I get four emails with the exact same comment. Is there an easy method you can remove me from that service? Thanks a lot! Isabelle Binky Toy',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(428,1994,'turkce','parissheri@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/dil/turkce-altyazi','45.152.200.117','2021-02-14 17:17:28','2021-02-14 13:17:28','Hello my friend! I want to say that this post is amazing, great written and include almost all significant infos. I would like to look more posts like this. Delphine Tristam Chilt',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(429,1845,'turkce','onewithfire48@yandex.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kategori/hint','45.136.228.182','2021-02-14 18:47:14','2021-02-14 14:47:14','Quite well put, but a touch apologetic. How come? Blanca Hanan Tildie',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(430,1994,'turkce','mr1041@yandex.com','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/18-erotik','45.136.231.153','2021-02-14 18:59:42','2021-02-14 14:59:42','I was just wondering what computer software you would need to make business cards or labels from a home computer. Is is easy or even worth the time or money.. Darcee Samuel Izaak',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(431,1845,'turkce','rmatchet@rogers.com','https://filmkovasi.org/dil/turkce-altyazi','45.9.122.101','2021-02-14 20:09:39','2021-02-14 16:09:39','A remarkable share, I just given this onto an associate who was doing a little analysis on this. And he actually got me breakfast because I located it for him. smile. So let me rephrase that: Thnx for the reward! However yeah Thnkx for spending the time to discuss this, I feel highly concerning it as well as like reading more on this topic. When possible, as you end up being expertise, would you mind upgrading your blog site with even more information? It is extremely helpful for me. Large thumb up for this blog post! 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Tiffanie Ransell Carlota',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(434,1994,'turkce','mnmtallon24@verizon.net','https://filmkovasi.org/yil/2022','45.86.15.150','2021-02-14 21:56:51','2021-02-14 17:56:51','Generally I do not learn article on blogs, but I wish to say that this write-up very compelled me to try and do so! Your writing style has been surprised me. Thanks, very nice article. Aprilette Christoper Avra',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(435,1845,'turkce','sbirdy16@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/korku','45.130.255.47','2021-02-14 23:19:40','2021-02-14 19:19:40','To my only brother-in-law: I bet the fishing is awesome in heaven! I will miss you. 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I had been a little bit acquainted of this your broadcast offered bright clear concept| Robinetta Abbott Nedrah',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(438,1845,'turkce','pjmpjm12@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/yil/2020','45.130.255.55','2021-02-15 10:24:08','2021-02-15 06:24:08','Hey Pan. Where were you in the picture with the deep gorge in the background? Gwynne Justinian Ulani',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(439,1994,'turkce','shanehadman@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kalite/360p','45.9.122.163','2021-02-15 10:31:44','2021-02-15 06:31:44','check beneath, are some absolutely unrelated sites to ours, on the other hand, they may be most trustworthy sources that we use Cordy Briant Charlotta',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(440,1845,'turkce','sebastien.bertolo@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/yil/2022','182.54.239.93','2021-02-15 12:43:10','2021-02-15 08:43:10','Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quae sequuntur igitur? Quamquam id quidem, infinitum est in hac urbe; Non dolere, inquam, istud quam vim habeat postea videro; Equidem, sed audistine modo de Carneade? Krista Field Valli',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(441,1994,'turkce','sjelsome@peoplepc.com','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/komedi','45.154.58.127','2021-02-15 12:51:28','2021-02-15 08:51:28','hello!,I really like your writing very so much! share we keep in touch extra about your post on AOL? I need a specialist on this area to solve my problem. May be that is you! Taking a look ahead to peer you. Merna Broderick Craner',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(442,1845,'turkce','rebelde_bia@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/en-cok-izlenenler','193.8.231.45','2021-02-15 13:59:28','2021-02-15 09:59:28','Design is the fundamental soul of a man-made creation that ends up expressing itself in successive outer layers of the product or service. Elysha Roddie Marie-Jeanne',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(443,1994,'turkce','pgolliet@yandex.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kategori/yerli-filmler','45.86.15.46','2021-02-15 14:06:12','2021-02-15 10:06:12','Hi there. I found your website by way of Google at the same time as looking for a comparable topic, your website got here up. It appears to be good. I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks to come back then. Brittney Elton Evey',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(444,1845,'turkce','msg4cford@yahoo.ca','https://filmkovasi.org/','45.130.255.240','2021-02-15 15:23:48','2021-02-15 11:23:48','I really like and appreciate your article post. Really thank you! Really Great. Joya Yorgos Zeiger',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(445,1994,'turkce','ms_michelle_marie@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kalite/4k','45.130.60.163','2021-02-15 15:31:21','2021-02-15 11:31:21','Praesent facilisis lorem a finibus lacinia. Donec semper lacus mauris, vel auctor lacus venenatis nec. Vestibulum pharetra, nunc quis ultricies imperdiet, neque sem ultrices ex, ut molestie sem elit a mi. Anna Bastian Jaquith',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(446,1845,'turkce','starlinglychaotic@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kategori/hint','193.8.94.246','2021-02-15 17:05:31','2021-02-15 13:05:31','Thanks for every one of your work on this site. Debby enjoys working on research and it is obvious why. A lot of people learn all relating to the powerful ways you convey advantageous guides through this web blog and even foster participation from some others about this issue so our favorite child is always discovering a whole lot. Take advantage of the remaining portion of the new year. You are always doing a stunning job. Celinda Matthaeus Iorio',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(447,1994,'turkce','sk8_aliano@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kategori/yerli-filmler','182.54.239.65','2021-02-15 17:12:18','2021-02-15 13:12:18','Really appreciate you sharing this article. Really thank you! Keep writing. Ulrika Zolly Rodolphe',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(448,1845,'turkce','shanthy_sivaram@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/dil/turkce-altyazi','45.130.60.3','2021-02-15 18:11:10','2021-02-15 14:11:10','This is an example of a nested threaded comment which is new in WordPress 2.7. This is where you can reply to a comment that was previously made, and visually makes reading comments to much easier. Catharina Roderich Anis',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(449,1994,'turkce','shespksdvine@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/en-cok-izlenenler','45.154.244.249','2021-02-15 18:45:33','2021-02-15 14:45:33','After I originally commented I seem to have clicked on the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and from now on every time a comment is added I receive four emails with the exact same comment. There has to be an easy method you can remove me from that service? Thank you. Romola Fonz Aluin',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(450,1845,'turkce','myriamgalvan@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/18-erotik','45.137.60.125','2021-02-15 19:15:05','2021-02-15 15:15:05','I am often to blogging and also i really value your content. The write-up has truly peaks my rate of interest. I am mosting likely to bookmark your site and also keep looking for brand-new details. Xylia Will Leela',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(451,1845,'turkce','mzsbadazz08@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/yil/2021','45.92.247.32','2021-02-15 20:29:33','2021-02-15 16:29:33','Hey There. I found your blog the use of msn. This is an extremely neatly written article. Janetta Nowell Drooff',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(452,1994,'turkce','norickf@gmail.com','https://filmkovasi.org/kategori/yabanci-filmler','45.86.15.198','2021-02-15 20:39:23','2021-02-15 16:39:23','Everyone loves it when people come together and share ideas. Great site, stick with it!| Andi Arni Deron',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(453,1845,'turkce','sainto_741@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/yil/2021','45.87.248.53','2021-02-15 21:55:38','2021-02-15 17:55:38','very good post, i certainly love this website, carry on it Noemi Isaac Lupe',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(454,1994,'turkce','savsec_33@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/dil/turkce-altyazi','193.8.94.125','2021-02-15 22:03:43','2021-02-15 18:03:43','Awesome! Its actually awesome article, I have got much clear idea on the topic of from this post. Norri Neron Katerine',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(455,1856,'turkce','paulbedford@sympatico.ca','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/korku','23.229.122.77','2021-02-16 01:52:15','2021-02-15 21:52:15','Im grateful for the article. Really looking forward to read more. Awesome. Brianna Ferrel Alanson',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(456,1845,'turkce','nibbletts@earthlink.net','https://filmkovasi.org/','104.227.94.160','2021-02-16 02:04:53','2021-02-15 22:04:53','I agree,it really is my opinion that raising the rates does more damage than good. Lethia Francis Sherr Marci Jerrold Nashom',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(457,1856,'erotik','slsgreeneyes@yandex.com','https://filmkovasi.org/yil/2020','182.54.239.93','2021-02-16 07:21:59','2021-02-16 03:21:59','In the start, it might be useful to follow a guided audio meditation or learn a e book. Micheline Rick Dyan',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.193 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(458,1856,'erotik','quinitraj@yahoo.com','https://filmkovasi.org/tur/animasyon','45.142.28.85','2021-02-16 08:20:24','2021-02-16 04:20:24','They ask for documents like the other banking entities where you leave them if everything is virtual. 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Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.85 Safari/537.36 Edg/90.0.818.49','comment',0,0),(631,1893,'MatthewRef','yourmail@gmail.com','','118.71.168.172','2021-08-12 15:07:11','2021-08-12 11:07:11','Software to support live stream - Facebook FPlusLive Full \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\nFPlusLive Features FPlusLive User Guide \r\nYou need to live video on multiple walls, pages, groups at the same time, schedule live videos to live on walls, groups... \r\nFPLUSLIVE FUNCTIONS \r\nLive video, webcam on page wall, profile, group \r\nLive video on multiple pages, walls, groups at the same time. \r\nLive webcam on multiple pages, walls, groups at the same time. \r\nLive screen on multiple pages, walls, groups at the same time. \r\nSchedule live videos on multiple pages and walls. \r\nLive repeats 1 or more videos. \r\nPlayback the video being livestreamed on facebook (Play Forward). \r\nLive youtube videos to facebook. \r\nSchedule a live video to the group \r\nSchedule a live video to the group once or repeat daily. \r\n \r\nFree Download Here: \r\n \r\nhttps://filehug.com/FPlusLive.zip \r\nhttps://filerap.com/FPlusLive.zip \r\nhttps://fileshe.com/FPlusLive.zip \r\n \r\nThank you',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; 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My website https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/jml',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(938,1555,'Mariat','Mariaz7d@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','188.130.187.31','2024-01-24 15:27:52','2024-01-24 11:27:52','Content for your website https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(939,1555,'Shirleyt','Shirleynv8@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','188.130.143.75','2024-01-24 21:57:06','2024-01-24 17:57:06','Web Development Wizards https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(940,1555,'Amandat','AmandaF2p@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','109.248.143.248','2024-01-25 03:23:07','2024-01-24 23:23:07','Can provide a link mass to your website https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(941,1555,'Selenat','SelenaySH@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','188.130.188.236','2024-01-25 08:53:50','2024-01-25 04:53:50','Your site\'s position in the search results https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(942,1449,'Ellat','EllaIEr@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','109.248.129.213','2024-01-25 11:52:46','2024-01-25 07:52:46','Your site\'s position in the search results https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(943,1449,'Jennyt','JennyV3J@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','45.90.196.29','2024-01-25 15:31:50','2024-01-25 11:31:50','Free analysis of your website https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(944,1449,'Gillt','GillUxG@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','46.8.107.189','2024-01-25 17:51:20','2024-01-25 13:51:20','Content for your website https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(945,1449,'Battyt','BattyEYN@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','45.87.252.248','2024-01-26 00:30:49','2024-01-25 20:30:49','Web Development Wizards https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(946,1449,'Cassandrat','Cassandrak1m@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','46.8.155.126','2024-01-26 07:18:28','2024-01-26 03:18:28','Can provide a link mass to your website https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(947,1449,'Sharont','SharonKHO@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','31.40.203.15','2024-01-26 14:00:12','2024-01-26 10:00:12','Your site\'s position in the search results https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(948,1449,'Gracet','Grace3Aa@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','46.8.154.192','2024-01-26 19:44:33','2024-01-26 15:44:33','Free analysis of your website https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(949,1449,'Candyt','CandydDN@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','46.8.22.59','2024-01-27 01:31:19','2024-01-26 21:31:19','SEO Optimizers Team https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(950,1449,'Anastasiat','AnastasiatQ8@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','213.226.101.109','2024-01-27 07:28:56','2024-01-27 03:28:56','I offer mutually beneficial cooperation https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(951,1449,'Abigaylet','AbigaylewJR@gmail.com','https://zetds.seychellesyoga.com/info','188.130.219.139','2024-01-27 13:21:55','2024-01-27 09:21:55','Cool website. 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There is a suggestion https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(964,1449,'Isabellat','IsabellaCry@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','109.248.14.55','2024-01-30 13:23:55','2024-01-30 09:23:55','I really liked your site. Do you mind https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(965,1449,'Norat','NoraKbu@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','46.8.110.228','2024-01-30 19:33:02','2024-01-30 15:33:02','Here\'s what I can offer for the near future https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(966,1449,'Ellat','EllaIa8@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','188.130.184.52','2024-01-31 00:11:19','2024-01-30 20:11:19','Content for your website https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(967,1449,'Jocelynt','Jocelyn2Eg@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','45.11.20.198','2024-01-31 06:13:29','2024-01-31 02:13:29','Web Development Wizards https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(968,1449,'Monicat','Monica2Ec@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','188.130.143.162','2024-01-31 11:58:26','2024-01-31 07:58:26','Can provide a link mass to your website https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(969,1449,'Valeryt','Valery9Jd@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','46.8.14.161','2024-01-31 17:54:13','2024-01-31 13:54:13','Your site\'s position in the search results https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(970,1449,'Madelinet','Madeline9ly@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','109.248.14.89','2024-01-31 23:54:26','2024-01-31 19:54:26','Free analysis of your website https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(971,2062,'Галина','nikpravovDaure@gmail.com','','104.28.198.34','2024-02-01 05:28:49','2024-02-01 01:28:49','Информация получена спасибо. Рекомендуется придерживаться законных и официальных путей получения водительских удостоверений. Они обеспечивают безопасность на дорогах и способствуют развитию ответственного отношения к вождению. Каждый, кто стремится стать водителем и хочет <a href=\"https://bratsk.center-distak.top\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">приобрести права через ГИБДД в Братске</a> , должен следовать установленным правилам и нормам, чтобы обеспечить безопасность себе и окружающим',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(972,1449,'Jennyt','JennyluO@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','46.8.155.89','2024-02-01 05:45:16','2024-02-01 01:45:16','SEO Optimizers Team https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(973,1449,'Rutht','RuthzPH@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','194.35.113.26','2024-02-01 11:29:29','2024-02-01 07:29:29','I offer mutually beneficial cooperation https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(974,1449,'Dianat','DianaARz@gmail.com','https://ztd.bardou.online/adm','188.130.137.208','2024-02-01 17:14:09','2024-02-01 13:14:09','Cool website. There is a suggestion https://ztd.bardou.online/adm',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(975,1449,'Cherilt','CherilD9r@gmail.com','http://myngirls.online/','46.8.23.133','2024-02-01 20:31:31','2024-02-01 16:31:31','Content for your website http://myngirls.online/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(976,1449,'Madelinet','MadelineYIE@gmail.com','http://myngirls.online/','188.130.128.134','2024-02-02 02:21:54','2024-02-01 22:21:54','Web Development Wizards http://myngirls.online/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(977,1449,'Victoriat','Victoria2S0@gmail.com','http://myngirls.online/','188.130.128.131','2024-02-02 08:11:33','2024-02-02 04:11:33','Can provide a link mass to your website http://myngirls.online/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(978,1449,'Isabellat','Isabellaj4R@gmail.com','http://myngirls.online/','213.226.101.60','2024-02-02 13:54:50','2024-02-02 09:54:50','Your site\'s position in the search results http://myngirls.online/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(979,1449,'Pollyt','Polly0sk@gmail.com','http://myngirls.online/','46.8.193.85','2024-02-03 03:41:34','2024-02-02 23:41:34','Free analysis of your website http://myngirls.online/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(980,1449,'Cecilt','CecilkJG@gmail.com','http://myngirls.online/','109.248.139.85','2024-02-03 17:26:22','2024-02-03 13:26:22','SEO Optimizers Team http://myngirls.online/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(981,1449,'Lucyt','Lucyj1n@gmail.com','http://myngirls.online/','109.248.143.225','2024-02-04 07:10:24','2024-02-04 03:10:24','I offer mutually beneficial cooperation http://myngirls.online/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(982,1449,'Cherilt','CherilZWz@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.23.133','2024-02-04 12:41:18','2024-02-04 08:41:18','Content for your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(983,1449,'Madelinet','Madeline9hc@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.128.134','2024-02-04 20:30:56','2024-02-04 16:30:56','Web Development Wizards http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(984,1449,'Victoriat','VictoriapLW@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.128.131','2024-02-05 04:23:12','2024-02-05 00:23:12','Can provide a link mass to your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(985,2062,'Extended Opportunity','59463@gmail.com','','109.72.127.188','2024-02-05 12:11:02','2024-02-05 08:11:02','Hey Guys,\r\n\r\nWarning: From February 2024, all existing email autoresponders will become obsolete!\r\n\r\nIn fact, if you want to send marketing emails, promotional emails, or any other sort of emails starting in February 2024, you’ll need to comply with Gmail’s and Yahoo’s draconic new directives.\r\n \r\nThey require regular marketers like you and I to setup complex code on sending domains… and existing autoresponders like Aweber and GetResponse are not helping: they’re requesting you do all the work, and their training is filled with complex instructions and flowcharts… \r\n \r\nHow would you like to send unlimited emails at the push of a button all with done-for-you DMARC, DKIM, SPF, custom IPs and dedicated SMTP sending servers?\r\n\r\nWhat I mean by all of that tech talk above, is that with ProfitMarc, we give you pre-set, pre-configured, DONE-FOR-YOU email sending addresses you can just load up and mail straight away.\r\n\r\nWe don’t even have any “setup tutorials” like other autoresponders either, because guess what: we already did all the setup for you!\r\n\r\nAll of our built-in sending addresses and servers are already pre-warmed with Gmail and Yahoo and they’re loving us: 99% inbox rate is the average!\r\n \r\n⇒ Grab your copy here! ⇒ https://ext-opp.com/ProfitMarc',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(986,2062,'Extended Opportunity','42496@gmail.com','','109.72.127.188','2024-02-05 12:11:19','2024-02-05 08:11:19','Hey Guys,\r\n\r\nWarning: From February 2024, all existing email autoresponders will become obsolete!\r\n\r\nIn fact, if you want to send marketing emails, promotional emails, or any other sort of emails starting in February 2024, you’ll need to comply with Gmail’s and Yahoo’s draconic new directives.\r\n \r\nThey require regular marketers like you and I to setup complex code on sending domains… and existing autoresponders like Aweber and GetResponse are not helping: they’re requesting you do all the work, and their training is filled with complex instructions and flowcharts… \r\n \r\nHow would you like to send unlimited emails at the push of a button all with done-for-you DMARC, DKIM, SPF, custom IPs and dedicated SMTP sending servers?\r\n\r\nWhat I mean by all of that tech talk above, is that with ProfitMarc, we give you pre-set, pre-configured, DONE-FOR-YOU email sending addresses you can just load up and mail straight away.\r\n\r\nWe don’t even have any “setup tutorials” like other autoresponders either, because guess what: we already did all the setup for you!\r\n\r\nAll of our built-in sending addresses and servers are already pre-warmed with Gmail and Yahoo and they’re loving us: 99% inbox rate is the average!\r\n \r\n⇒ Grab your copy here! ⇒ https://ext-opp.com/ProfitMarc',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(987,1449,'Isabellat','IsabellaxYx@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','213.226.101.60','2024-02-05 12:12:08','2024-02-05 08:12:08','Your site\'s position in the search results http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(988,1449,'Pollyt','PollytsS@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.193.85','2024-02-06 02:02:14','2024-02-05 22:02:14','Free analysis of your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(989,1449,'Cecilt','CecilXNK@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','109.248.139.85','2024-02-06 15:53:09','2024-02-06 11:53:09','SEO Optimizers Team http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(990,1449,'Lucyt','LucyfNu@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','109.248.143.225','2024-02-07 05:42:23','2024-02-07 01:42:23','I offer mutually beneficial cooperation http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(991,1449,'Vanessat','VanessanlX@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','109.248.15.90','2024-02-07 19:31:36','2024-02-07 15:31:36','Cool website. There is a suggestion http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(992,1449,'Irist','Iris0x4@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.128.25','2024-02-08 09:22:44','2024-02-08 05:22:44','I really liked your site. Do you mind http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(993,1449,'Peggyt','PeggynXb@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.16.240','2024-02-08 23:12:27','2024-02-08 19:12:27','Here\'s what I can offer for the near future http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(994,1449,'Carolinet','CarolineKOI@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','94.158.190.239','2024-02-09 12:59:41','2024-02-09 08:59:41','You will definitely like it http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(995,1449,'Lindat','Lindapun@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.186.105','2024-02-10 02:44:22','2024-02-09 22:44:22','The best prices from the best providers http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(996,1449,'Tracyt','TracybiN@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.107.189','2024-02-10 16:30:26','2024-02-10 12:30:26','Additional earnings on your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(997,1449,'Idat','IdajWQ@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.154.192','2024-02-11 06:13:10','2024-02-11 02:13:10','Analytics of your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(998,1449,'Patriciat','PatriciaSeO@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.128.199','2024-02-11 19:56:05','2024-02-11 15:56:05','I would like to post an article http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(999,1449,'Camillat','Camillaaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.188.162','2024-02-12 09:40:30','2024-02-12 05:40:30','How to contact the administrator on this issue http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1000,1449,'Lesleyt','Lesleyaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.129.128','2024-02-12 23:46:48','2024-02-12 19:46:48','Shall we exchange links? My website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1001,1449,'Tiffanyt','Tiffanyaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.210.36','2024-02-13 13:48:27','2024-02-13 09:48:27','The offer is still valid. Details http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1002,1449,'Gwinnettt','Gwinnettaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.22.210','2024-02-14 03:39:15','2024-02-13 23:39:15','We offer cooperation on SEO optimization http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1003,1449,'Paget','Pageaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','109.248.205.20','2024-02-14 17:29:58','2024-02-14 13:29:58','Content for your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1004,1449,'Bridgett','Bridgetaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.110.226','2024-02-15 07:15:48','2024-02-15 03:15:48','Web Development Wizards http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1005,1449,'Leilat','Leilaaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.143.83','2024-02-15 20:55:18','2024-02-15 16:55:18','Can provide a link mass to your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1006,1449,'Susannat','Susannaaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.17.191','2024-02-16 10:36:08','2024-02-16 06:36:08','Your site\'s position in the search results http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1007,1449,'Cherilt','CherilbhN@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.23.133','2024-02-16 13:54:58','2024-02-16 09:54:58','Content for your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1008,1449,'Victoriat','Victoria40g@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','188.130.128.131','2024-02-17 16:53:35','2024-02-17 12:53:35','Can provide a link mass to your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1009,1449,'Pollyt','Pollyaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','46.8.193.85','2024-02-18 19:30:03','2024-02-18 15:30:03','Free analysis of your website http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1010,1449,'Lucyt','Lucyaaa@gmail.com','http://fertus.shop/info/','109.248.143.225','2024-02-19 22:06:17','2024-02-19 18:06:17','I offer mutually beneficial cooperation http://fertus.shop/info/',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1011,2062,'Extended Opportunity','29214@gmail.com','','109.72.127.147','2024-02-20 09:31:23','2024-02-20 05:31:23','Hey,\r\n\r\nThe moment we\'ve all been waiting for is finally here – GoBuildr is now LIVE! ?\r\n\r\n? Create ultra-lightning-fast websites, sales funnels, eCommerce stores, and more in less than 60 seconds, with just a keyword!\r\n\r\n? Say goodbye to the limitations of traditional page builders. GoBuildr combines the functionality of 16 different tools into one powerful app, supercharged with AI-assisted technology.\r\n\r\n⇒ Click Here To Checkout Demo https://ext-opp.com/GoBuildr',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1012,2062,'Extended Opportunity','30444@gmail.com','','185.125.50.101','2024-02-28 09:22:12','2024-02-28 05:22:12','He Got 256,354 Free Views With AI…\r\n\r\nCan you believe it? \r\n\r\nPeople spend thousands of dollars to get that kind of result… \r\n\r\nMy friend Kundan just did it for free… \r\n\r\nHe only used his new app… AI ScreenSnap… \r\n\r\nIt’s the world’s first AI app that can generate videos with the power of Video-Exclusive AI Engine… \r\n\r\nThat can edit, record, and generate videos with just a few clicks… with zero experience…\r\n\r\nClick here now and watch AI ScreenSnap in action https://ext-opp.com/AIScreenSnap',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1013,2062,'Extended Opportunity','44115@gmail.com','','185.125.50.101','2024-03-03 06:59:49','2024-03-03 02:59:49','[Hot] AI Turns Any Photo, URL or Keyword into “Talking Head” Videos - https://ext-opp.com/AiTalkie',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1014,2062,'Extended Opportunity','53564@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-03-09 15:52:17','2024-03-09 11:52:17','BIG NEWS: there’s a brand new software being launched today that legally tricks AI chatbots into recommending YOUR website.\r\n\r\nGo check it out here ==>> https://ext-opp.com/ProfitSGE\r\n\r\nThat’s right: Just imagine…there’s 1.5 billion people using AI chatbots every day.\r\nWhat if every time someone…\r\n\r\n-> Searched for “best laptops for my needs”… the AI would show them your website?\r\n-> Asked ChatGPT for “best doctors in my city”… it would send them to your local client’s business?\r\n-> Begged Google Gemini for “FAST weight loss”… you guessed it, Gemini would FORCE them to visit your site, display your affiliate offer and fill your pockets full of sales!\r\n\r\nThis is a TRAFFIC & SEO revolution unlike anything that’s ever come before.\r\n\r\n\r\nThis is YOUR chance to legally “hijack” traffic from 1.5 billion AI chatbots users and funnel it straight to any offer, site, product – for yourself or your clients!\r\n\r\nGet your copy here ==>> https://ext-opp.com/ProfitSGE',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1015,2062,'Extended Opportunity','18824@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-03-13 04:24:35','2024-03-13 00:24:35','A.I Create & Sell Unlimited Audiobooks to 2.3 Million Users - https://ext-opp.com/ECCO',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1016,2062,'Extended Opportunity','98059@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-03-16 16:47:32','2024-03-16 12:47:32','A.I Create & Sell Unlimited Audiobooks to 2.3 Million Users - https://ext-opp.com/ECCO',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1017,2062,'Extended Opportunity','28780@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-03-20 10:09:41','2024-03-20 06:09:41','Create Stunning Ebooks In 60 Seconds - https://ext-opp.com/AIEbookPal',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1018,2012,'Paul Avalos','solejosefa@yahoo.com','https://natrixswipes.com','178.159.37.56','2024-03-22 03:14:18','2024-03-21 23:14:18','Hi there would you mind stating which blog platform you\'re using?\r\nI\'m looking to start my own blog in the near future but I\'m having a \r\ndifficult time selecting between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal.\r\n\r\nThe reason I ask is because your design seems different \r\nthen most blogs and I\'m looking for something unique.\r\nP.S Apologies for getting off-topic but I had to ask!',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/99.0.4844.83 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1019,2062,'Extended Opportunity','78946@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-03-24 10:04:11','2024-03-24 06:04:11','Elevate Learning Adventures with The Story Shack!\r\n\r\nA library of 200+ high-quality books tailored to the school curriculum.\r\nStoryShack\'s Build a Book bundle features word searches, quizzes, creative coloring pages, high-quality images, and top SEO keywords.\r\nStoryShack\'s StoryCraft Pro bundle includes the \"Melody Minds Library\" with 350+ music tracks and \"AnimateMasters Pro,\" offering 30+ categories of animations.\r\nAnd as if that\'s not enough, here are the MEGA BONUSES:\r\n\r\n✔ 100+ Mega Mazes Pack\r\n✔ 100+ Sudoku Elements Pack\r\n✔ 100+ Comic Book Template Pack\r\n✔ 100+ Handwriting Practice Template Pack\r\n✔ 100+ Kids Story Book Templates\r\n✔ Canva Book Templates\r\n✔ Additional beautiful content like journal prompts\r\n✔ INCLUDED: The Ultimate Workbook\r\n\r\nClick https://ext-opp.com/StoryShack to explore The Story Shack e-Learning Collection and seize the opportunity for multiplied income!',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1020,2062,'Extended Opportunity','89045@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-03-24 10:04:27','2024-03-24 06:04:27','Elevate Learning Adventures with The Story Shack!\r\n\r\nA library of 200+ high-quality books tailored to the school curriculum.\r\nStoryShack\'s Build a Book bundle features word searches, quizzes, creative coloring pages, high-quality images, and top SEO keywords.\r\nStoryShack\'s StoryCraft Pro bundle includes the \"Melody Minds Library\" with 350+ music tracks and \"AnimateMasters Pro,\" offering 30+ categories of animations.\r\nAnd as if that\'s not enough, here are the MEGA BONUSES:\r\n\r\n✔ 100+ Mega Mazes Pack\r\n✔ 100+ Sudoku Elements Pack\r\n✔ 100+ Comic Book Template Pack\r\n✔ 100+ Handwriting Practice Template Pack\r\n✔ 100+ Kids Story Book Templates\r\n✔ Canva Book Templates\r\n✔ Additional beautiful content like journal prompts\r\n✔ INCLUDED: The Ultimate Workbook\r\n\r\nClick https://ext-opp.com/StoryShack to explore The Story Shack e-Learning Collection and seize the opportunity for multiplied income!',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1021,1479,'Analytical & Research Agency','Frenz@yahoo.com','https://ara.cx/','178.62.73.20','2024-03-25 08:17:09','2024-03-25 04:17:09','It\'s very interesting! If you need help, look here: <a href=\"https://ara.cx\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">ARA Agency</a>',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1022,2062,'Extended Opportunity','50726@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-01 04:52:02','2024-04-01 00:52:02','Millions of Free Traffic with AI Tools - https://ext-opp.com/AIVault',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1023,2062,'Extended Opportunity','55131@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-05 10:30:12','2024-04-05 06:30:12','This Dude Creates Bitc0in Out Of Thin Air [CRAZY]\r\n\r\nI didn’t believe it either at first…\r\n\r\nUntil i saw it works in action >> https://ext-opp.com/Coinz\r\n\r\nYou see, Bitc0in and the entire Crypt0 market is about to go through the rough… \r\n\r\nSome smart people will get in now, and make massive gains,\r\nAnd some will stand and watch people make money… \r\n\r\nUltimately, I want you to get in now… \r\n\r\nBut here is the issue… \r\n\r\nIf you put any kind of money in it now, it would be a huge risk. \r\nEspecially if you put in money that you can’t afford to lose… \r\n\r\nBut what my friend, Seyi, did is insane… \r\n\r\nHe created the world’s first AI app that literally generates Bitc0in and ETH out of thin air… \r\n\r\nAll you need to do is just connect your wallet, and that’s it… \r\n\r\n- You don’t need to analyze the market \r\n- You don’t need mining equipments \r\n- You don’t need to trade \r\n- And you don’t need to invest even a penny\r\n\r\nTo create your account with Coinz, and start receiving daily Bitc0in & etheruem for 100% free click here >> https://ext-opp.com/Coinz\r\n\r\nBut don’t delay, because the price of Coinz will double very soon… \r\n\r\nCheers',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1024,2062,'Extended Opportunity','63626@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-05 10:30:29','2024-04-05 06:30:29','This Dude Creates Bitc0in Out Of Thin Air [CRAZY]\r\n\r\nI didn’t believe it either at first…\r\n\r\nUntil i saw it works in action >> https://ext-opp.com/Coinz\r\n\r\nYou see, Bitc0in and the entire Crypt0 market is about to go through the rough… \r\n\r\nSome smart people will get in now, and make massive gains,\r\nAnd some will stand and watch people make money… \r\n\r\nUltimately, I want you to get in now… \r\n\r\nBut here is the issue… \r\n\r\nIf you put any kind of money in it now, it would be a huge risk. \r\nEspecially if you put in money that you can’t afford to lose… \r\n\r\nBut what my friend, Seyi, did is insane… \r\n\r\nHe created the world’s first AI app that literally generates Bitc0in and ETH out of thin air… \r\n\r\nAll you need to do is just connect your wallet, and that’s it… \r\n\r\n- You don’t need to analyze the market \r\n- You don’t need mining equipments \r\n- You don’t need to trade \r\n- And you don’t need to invest even a penny\r\n\r\nTo create your account with Coinz, and start receiving daily Bitc0in & etheruem for 100% free click here >> https://ext-opp.com/Coinz\r\n\r\nBut don’t delay, because the price of Coinz will double very soon… \r\n\r\nCheers',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1025,1764,'MarioZew','jozapixcicu790@gmail.com','https://swiy.co/LgSv','180.110.242.90','2024-04-09 04:20:23','2024-04-09 00:20:23','Bitcoin (BTC) might just be the golden opportunity of our era, poised to skyrocket to $200,000 in the upcoming year or the one following. In the past year alone, BTC has witnessed a staggering 20-fold increase, while other cryptocurrencies have surged by an astounding 800 times! Consider this: a mere few years ago, Bitcoin was valued at just $2. Now is the time to seize this unparalleled chance in life. \r\nJoin Binance, the world\'s largest and most secure digital currency exchange, and unlock free rewards. Don\'t let this pivotal moment slip through your fingers! \r\nClick the link below to enjoy a lifetime 10% discount on all your trades. \r\nhttps://swiy.co/LgSv',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.71 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1026,2062,'Extended Opportunity','74056@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-09 06:51:05','2024-04-09 02:51:05','After Generating Millions Online, I\'ve Created A Foolproof Money Making System, & For a Limited Time You Get It For FREE... https://ext-opp.com/RPM',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1027,2062,'Extended Opportunity','98295@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-13 07:47:57','2024-04-13 03:47:57','ChatGPT powered Autoresponder with Free SMTP at Unbeatable 1-Time Price! https://ext-opp.com/NewsMailer',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1028,2062,'Татьяна','koronakoronared@gmail.com','','185.185.49.229','2024-04-13 19:43:52','2024-04-13 15:43:52','Никогда не устану говорить, насколько великолепен сериал Корона! Онлайн-просмотр делает его еще ближе и доступнее для всех фанатов. \r\n \r\n<a href=\"https://cse.google.bj/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://cse.google.bj/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://cse.google.bj/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://cse.google.bj/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://maps.google.mu/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://maps.google.mu/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://www.google.tt/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://www.google.tt/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://www.google.bj/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://www.google.bj/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1029,2062,'Ярослав','koronakoronared@gmail.com','','185.185.49.229','2024-04-14 06:56:58','2024-04-14 02:56:58','Спасибо за возможность смотреть Корону онлайн! Этот сериал — настоящий драгоценный камень в мире кинематографа. \r\n \r\n<a href=\"https://clients1.google.gy/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://clients1.google.gy/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://maps.google.ru/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://maps.google.ru/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://cse.google.az/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://cse.google.az/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://www.google.tt/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://www.google.tt/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://cse.google.com.tw/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://cse.google.com.tw/url?q=https://korona-tv.com/</a>',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/121.0.0.0 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1030,2062,'Howard','lottoonlinelottoonline1@gmail.com','','104.28.230.38','2024-04-16 11:02:58','2024-04-16 07:02:58','Neçə nömrə seçməliyəm?, istifadəçilərə lotereya <a href=\"https://10lottoonline.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">latareya</a> oyununda nömrə seçmə prosesini aydın şəkildə izah edir və onlara effektiv bir seçim prosesi təqdim edir. Bu, lotereya oyununda müvəffəqiyyətə yiyələnmək üçün vacib olan doğru nömrə seçimini təmin edir.',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Iron Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1031,2062,'Maria','lottoonlinelottoonline1@gmail.com','','104.28.230.38','2024-04-16 13:42:57','2024-04-16 09:42:57','Qalib nömrələr necə müəyyən olunur?, 10 Lotto Online platformasında <a href=\"https://10lottoonline.com/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">onlayın loto</a> qalib nömrələrin necə təyin edildiyi və bu prosesin necə işlədiyi haqqında məlumat verir. Bu, istifadəçilərə lotereya oyununun adilliyətini və nəticələrin ədalətli bir şəkildə təyin edildiyini göstərir və onların güvənini artırır.',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1032,2062,'Extended Opportunity','89497@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-17 07:27:02','2024-04-17 03:27:02','An Ultimate Web-Hosting Solution For Business Owners https://ext-opp.com/HostsMaster',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1033,2062,'Extended Opportunity','99374@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-17 07:27:17','2024-04-17 03:27:17','An Ultimate Web-Hosting Solution For Business Owners https://ext-opp.com/HostsMaster',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1034,2062,'Extended Opportunity','15809@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-17 07:27:32','2024-04-17 03:27:32','An Ultimate Web-Hosting Solution For Business Owners https://ext-opp.com/HostsMaster',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1035,2062,'Extended Opportunity','29259@gmail.com','','185.125.50.5','2024-04-17 07:27:50','2024-04-17 03:27:50','An Ultimate Web-Hosting Solution For Business Owners https://ext-opp.com/HostsMaster',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1036,2062,'Руслан','tsvetkladosmes@gmail.com','','104.28.230.38','2024-04-19 00:52:44','2024-04-18 20:52:44','Цветная кладочная смесь помогла нам создать уникальный стиль и атмосферу в нашем здании. Она словно оживила стены! \r\n \r\n<a href=\"https://maps.google.es/url?q=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://maps.google.es/url?q=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://maps.google.co.in/url?q=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://maps.google.co.in/url?q=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://toolbarqueries.google.ws/url?q=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://toolbarqueries.google.ws/url?q=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://toolbarqueries.google.com.vn/url?q=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://toolbarqueries.google.com.vn/url?q=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/</a>\r\n<a href=\"https://www.google.ac/url?sa=i&url=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/\" rel=\"nofollow ugc\">https://www.google.ac/url?sa=i&url=https://td-perel.ru/catalog/tsvetnaya-kladochnaya-smes/</a>',0,'spam','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36','comment',0,0),(1037,2062,'Илья','tsvetkladosmes@gmail.com','','104.28.198.38','2024-04-19 10:31:02','2024-04-19 06:31:02','Очень удобно, что можно купить цветную кладочную смесь прямо от производителя. 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D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île fut essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde. A titre indicatif, à la fin du XVIIème siècle, vivaient environ 200 hollandais et entre 500 et 1000 esclaves, dont les descendants, majoritairement métissés, constitue la communauté créole mauricienne.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"377\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Prince Maurice de Nassau, Prince d\'Orange. https://www.wikiart.org/en/john-riley/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange</em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>La période française</em></strong>\r\n\r\nLes Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\r\n\r\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\r\n\r\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\r\n\r\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\r\n\r\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\r\n\r\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Occupation britannique</em></strong>\r\n\r\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\r\n\r\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\r\n\r\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\r\n\r\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\r\n<h2><strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong></h2>\r\nIl n\'y a pas de peuple autochtone lorsque les Européens foulent le sol de cette île des Mascareignes. On devrait parler donc parler de peuplement plutôt que de colonisation tout comme ce fut le cas à la Réunion.\r\n\r\nLes groupes ethniques en présence sont donc, dès l\'origine, <strong>européens</strong>, à savoir <strong>Hollandais</strong>, <strong>Français</strong> puis <strong>Britanniques</strong>, puis d\'<strong>origine africaine</strong> avec l\'introduction d\'esclaves dans l\'île. Mentionnons cependant que tous les individus originaires du continent africain, et alors présents dans l\'île, n\'étaient pas des esclaves. En effet....\r\n\r\nBeaucoup d\'<strong>indiens</strong> sont également présents sur l\'île dès la période française, du fait notamment de la présence française à Pondichéry. L\'ethnie majoritairement représentée est alors <strong>tamoule</strong> et exerce surtout le métier de commerçant mais si certains se spécialisent dans la culture de la canne et deviennent de grands propriétaires terriens.\r\n\r\nDès 1835 et jusqu\'à 1865, sous présence britannique, afin de compenser le manque de main d\'oeuvre suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage, 200 000<strong> immigrants indiens et chinois</strong> arrivèrent à Maurice et modifièrent de manière radicale et irréversible, la composition ethnique de la population mauricienne. Les travailleurs engagés indiens ou <strong><em>Coolies</em></strong> représentèrent dès lors la majorité de la main d\'oeuvre agricole puis rapidement le groupe ethnique majoritaire dans le pays. Les Chinois, quant à eux, se spécialisèrent, dès leur arrivée, dans les activités commerçantes. Depuis plus d\'une trentaine d\'années, Maurice favorise également la venue d\'investisseurs étrangers et expatriés des quatre coins du monde (notamment grâce à son programme d\'expatriation qui attire de nombreux retraités européens) qui viennent enrichir la culture locale.\r\n<h2>Une identité basée sur la langue.</h2>\r\nBien que le créole ne soit pas une langue à proprement dit mais un dialecte, il est parlé par l\'ensemble des Mauriciens. Véritable lien unificateur, il dérive de l\'ancien français et c\'est enrichi du vocabulaire d\'autres langues, au fil des migrations, comme le <em>Bhojpuri</em> ou <em>l\'anglais</em>.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, Maurice est un pays multiculturel, qui continue son développement et la construction de son identité.\r\n<h2></h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','publish','closed','closed','','lidentite-mauricienne','','','2018-03-13 10:39:16','2018-03-13 06:39:16','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?page_id=7',0,'page','',0),(8,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:07','2017-05-08 10:22:07','','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2017-05-08 10:22:07','2017-05-08 10:22:07','',7,'http://loc.blogsb.com/2017/05/08/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(9,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:16','2017-05-08 10:22:16','Le calendrier festif d\'un pays fait parti intégrante de sa culture. Dans le cas de l\'Île Maurice, les jours fériés sont intimement liés à la culture socio-religieuse des différents groupes ethniques qui composent le pays. Ainsi, le gouvernement mauricien, outre la fête de l\'Indépendance qui concerne chaque citoyen et la fête du 1er mai, chaque travailleur, a tenté de répartir équitablement le nombre de jour férié en fonction de son groupe ethnico-religieux, à savoir 1 à 2 par groupe.\r\n\r\nJe vous propose de les découvrir à travers leurs origines historiques, ethniques et les rites qui les composent.','Maurice en fête','','publish','closed','closed','','maurice-en-fete','','','2018-03-13 10:28:14','2018-03-13 06:28:14','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?page_id=9',0,'page','',0),(10,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:17','2017-05-08 10:22:17','','Maurice en fête','','inherit','closed','closed','','9-revision-v1','','','2017-05-08 10:22:17','2017-05-08 10:22:17','',9,'http://loc.blogsb.com/2017/05/08/9-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(11,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:29','2017-05-08 10:22:29','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">La cuisine mauricienne, une identité nationale</h1>\r\n \r\n\r\nS\'il est un élément qui unit profondément un peuple, c\'est aucun doute sa cuisine. Unificateur identitaire par excellence, la cuisine mauricienne en est un parfait exemple car chacune de ses facettes reflète les différentes origines ethniques de ceux qui la composent, la créent et la remodèlent chaque jour. Véritable élément de transmission familiale, chaque plat qui constitue la cuisine mauricienne est d\'origine multiculturelle, à l\'instar de son peuple, et résulte d\'un savoir connu par l\'ensemble des Mauriciens, toute origine ethnique confondue.\r\n\r\nAinsi, la cusine mauricienne est enrichie de plats d\'origine créole, indienne, européenne et chinoise. Nous vous proposons, dans cette rubrique, de découvrir les plus célèbres d\'entre eux, en image, en retraçant leurs origines et en découvrant ce qu\'ils représentent aux yeux de ceux qui les \"créent\" et les \"recréent\" chaque jour en n\'y laissant une pincée d\'eux-mêmes...\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"> A vos papilles!</h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photo de l\'auteure : bol renversé.</em>','Côté cuisine','','publish','closed','closed','','cote-cuisine','','','2018-03-13 15:57:25','2018-03-13 11:57:25','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?page_id=11',0,'page','',0),(12,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:29','2017-05-08 10:22:29','','Côté cuisine','','inherit','closed','closed','','11-revision-v1','','','2017-05-08 10:22:29','2017-05-08 10:22:29','',11,'http://loc.blogsb.com/2017/05/08/11-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(13,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:40','2017-05-08 10:22:40','<h2><strong><u>La mairie de Curepipe </u></strong></h2>\r\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"353\" />\r\n\r\nMairie de Curepipe en 1930. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>\r\n<h2>L\'église de Cap Malheureux ; <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em></h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1693\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150113-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1694\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150115-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1695\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150105-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" />\r\n\r\nL\'église de Cap Malheureux, <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em> (Notre Dame Secours de Chrétiens) est un bâtiment incontournable du patrimoine culturel mauricien. Située dans le village de Cap Malheureux (village nommé ainsi par les Français suite à leur dernière bataille contre les flottes anglaises qui leur value la perte de l\'île), dans le district de Rivière du Rempart, elle fut bâtie en 1756 en hommage à de nombreuses victimes de naufrages sur cette partie des côtes nordistes du pays.\r\n\r\nSon toit rouge et ses murs blancs de nacre font désormais partis de tous les guides et autres dépliants touristiques. Construite face à la mer, halte de recueillement et de découverte pour tout visiteur, sa beauté n\'a d\'égal que sa simplicité. Symbole romantique par excellence, on y vient des quatre coins du monde pour y être photographié avec son âme soeur! Pas un jour ne se passe sans que vous ne rencontriez de nouveaux mariés devant ses murs, notamment les Chinois particulièrement friands du lieu.\r\n\r\nÀ ne manquer!','Lieux','','publish','closed','closed','','lieux','','','2018-03-18 12:27:30','2018-03-18 08:27:30','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?page_id=13',0,'page','',0),(14,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:40','2017-05-08 10:22:40','','À découvrir','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-revision-v1','','','2017-05-08 10:22:40','2017-05-08 10:22:40','',13,'http://loc.blogsb.com/2017/05/08/13-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(15,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:49','2017-05-08 10:22:49','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\"La tolérance, c\'est regarder l\'Autre comme une partie de soi\".</strong></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Ma philosophie, Sandrine Boulmier.</em></p>\r\n \r\n\r\nL\'Île Maurice ou Mauritius ou Moris, est une petite île de l\'Océan Indien, nichée au coeur de l\'archipel des Mascareignes comme son île soeur, La Réunion. Pour le visiteur, Maurice est une île où il fait bon vivre avec son climat tropical, ses plages de sable blanc et ses eaux turquoises.\r\n\r\nPour l\'ethno-anthropologue que je suis, ce n\'est pas le côté carte postale de l\'île qui m\'interpelle mais sa population, plus précisément les groupes ethniques qui la compose, leur culture, leurs moeurs, autant de richesses à découvrir que de connaissances à acquérir.\r\n\r\nDocteur en ethno-anthropologie et installée à Maurice depuis 2011, j\'ai créé ce site/blog afin de partager ma découverte, sans cesse renouvelée, de la culture mauricienne à travers une identité en construction. Ce travail est donc le fruit de recherches personnelles toujours en cours, qui donnera lieu prochainement à un livre sur le sujet, mais aussi de mon affection pour ce peuple mauricien à la fois proche et lointain, étranger et familier, une partie de moi sans l\'être...\r\n\r\nJe dédie ce site/blog à tous les Mauriciens d\'ici et d\'ailleurs qui, je l\'espère, leur permettra de découvrir d\'autres facettes de leur culture mais aussi participera à la transmission d\'une mémoire que je souhaite préserver et qui enrichit la mémoire humaine mondiale. Ce site/blog est aussi ouvert à tous les curieux qui désirent mieux connaître les racines, l\'histoire et la culture mauricienne au delà du cliché paradisiaque de l\'île.\r\n\r\nJe remercie tous les Mauriciens qui m\'ont ouvert leur porte et qui ont partagé et qui partagent avec moi leurs souvenirs, leurs réflexions et leurs espoirs pour l\'avenir...\r\n\r\n<em>Ene gran merci a tou bann Morisiens!</em>\r\n\r\n ','À propos','','publish','closed','closed','','a-propos','','','2018-03-13 09:08:08','2018-03-13 05:08:08','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?page_id=15',0,'page','',0),(16,1,'2017-05-08 10:22:49','2017-05-08 10:22:49','','À Propos','','inherit','closed','closed','','15-revision-v1','','','2017-05-08 10:22:49','2017-05-08 10:22:49','',15,'http://loc.blogsb.com/2017/05/08/15-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(17,1,'2017-05-08 10:23:00','2017-05-08 10:23:00','[contact-form-7 id=\"1375\" title=\"Contact form 1\"]','Contacts','','publish','closed','closed','','contacts','','','2018-03-12 12:19:23','2018-03-12 08:19:23','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?page_id=17',0,'page','',0),(18,1,'2017-05-08 10:23:00','2017-05-08 10:23:00','','Contacts','','inherit','closed','closed','','17-revision-v1','','','2017-05-08 10:23:00','2017-05-08 10:23:00','',17,'http://loc.blogsb.com/2017/05/08/17-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(19,1,'2017-05-08 10:23:25','2017-05-08 10:23:25','','À propos','','inherit','closed','closed','','15-revision-v1','','','2017-05-08 10:23:25','2017-05-08 10:23:25','',15,'http://loc.blogsb.com/2017/05/08/15-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(20,1,'2017-05-08 10:24:27','2017-05-08 10:24:27',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','20','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?p=20',29,'nav_menu_item','',0),(21,1,'2017-05-08 10:24:27','2017-05-08 10:24:27',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','21','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?p=21',28,'nav_menu_item','',0),(22,1,'2017-05-08 10:24:26','2017-05-08 10:24:26',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','22','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?p=22',21,'nav_menu_item','',0),(23,1,'2017-05-08 10:24:26','2017-05-08 10:24:26',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','23','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?p=23',25,'nav_menu_item','',0),(24,1,'2017-05-08 10:24:26','2017-05-08 10:24:26',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','24','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?p=24',3,'nav_menu_item','',0),(25,1,'2017-05-08 10:24:26','2017-05-08 10:24:26','','L\'identité mauricienne','','publish','closed','closed','','lidentite-mauricienne','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?p=25',2,'nav_menu_item','',0),(74,1,'2015-05-27 15:45:02','2015-05-27 15:45:02','<a href=\"http://pencidesign.com/soledad/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/contact-me.jpg\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-329\" src=\"http://pencidesign.com/soledad/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/contact-me.jpg\" alt=\"contact-me\" width=\"770\" height=\"513\" /></a>Have a question, a comment? Want to collaborate in some way? Just have something nice to say? I’d love to hear from you! Shoot me a message below and I’ll be sure to get back to you as soon as I can. Thanks! Lommodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis <a href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\">parturient montes lorem</a>, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla onsequat massa quis.\n<ul>\n <li><strong>Adress:</strong> 123 Beverly Hill, New York, USA</li>\n <li><strong>Phone:</strong> 0123 456 789</li>\n <li><strong>Email:</strong> pencidesign@gmail.com</li>\n</ul>\n[contact-form-7 id=\"4\" title=\"Contact form 1\"]\n\n ','Contact Me','','publish','open','open','','contact-me','','','2015-05-27 15:45:02','2015-05-27 15:45:02','',0,'http://pencidesign.com/soledad/?page_id=74',0,'page','',0),(156,1,'2015-07-13 04:48:31','2015-07-13 04:48:31','We will be back soon!','Our website is currently under construction','','publish','open','open','','our-website-is-currently-under-construction','','','2015-07-13 04:48:31','2015-07-13 04:48:31','',0,'http://pencidesign.com/soledad/?page_id=156',0,'page','',0),(246,1,'2015-08-31 08:47:55','2015-08-31 08:47:55','','soledad-aboutme','','inherit','open','closed','','soledad-aboutme','','','2015-08-31 08:47:55','2015-08-31 08:47:55','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/soledad-aboutme.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(298,1,'2015-08-31 17:53:46','2015-08-31 17:53:46','','soledad-logo','','inherit','open','closed','','soledad-logo','','','2015-08-31 17:53:46','2015-08-31 17:53:46','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/soledad-logo.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(299,1,'2015-08-31 17:54:32','2015-08-31 17:54:32','','soledad-logo-retina','','inherit','open','closed','','soledad-logo-retina','','','2015-08-31 17:54:32','2015-08-31 17:54:32','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/soledad-logo-retina.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(300,1,'2015-08-31 17:55:43','2015-08-31 17:55:43','','soledad-logo-ver-retina','','inherit','open','closed','','soledad-logo-ver-retina','','','2015-08-31 17:55:43','2015-08-31 17:55:43','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/soledad-logo-ver-retina.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(301,1,'2015-08-31 17:55:44','2015-08-31 17:55:44','','soledad-logo-ver','','inherit','open','closed','','soledad-logo-ver','','','2015-08-31 17:55:44','2015-08-31 17:55:44','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/soledad-logo-ver.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(329,1,'2015-09-01 03:12:49','2015-09-01 03:12:49','','contact-me','','inherit','open','closed','','contact-me-2','','','2015-09-01 03:12:49','2015-09-01 03:12:49','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/contact-me.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(357,1,'2015-09-04 18:34:49','2015-09-04 18:34:49','[columns size=\"1/2\" last=\"false\"]<img class=\"size-full wp-image-360 alignnone\" src=\"http://pencidesign.com/soledad/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/image1.png\" alt=\"image1\" width=\"370\" height=\"365\" />[/columns]\n[columns size=\"1/2\" last=\"true\"]\n<h1>Heading 1</h1>\nLommodo ligula eget dolor. 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src=\"http://pencidesign.com/soledad/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/abou-me.jpg\" alt=\"abou-me\" width=\"1170\" height=\"780\" /></a>\nA wonderful serenity has taken possession of my entire soul, like these sweet mornings of spring which I enjoy with my whole heart. 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Et harum quidem rerum facilis est et expedita distinctio.\n<h3>Masonry Gallery 4 Columns</h3>\nSed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae.\n\n[gallery type=\"masonry\" columns=\"4\" ids=\"604,561,483,402,398,396,390\"]\n\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim.\n\n[blockquote align=\"none\" author=\"Albert Camus\"]<span class=\"s1\">You will never be happy if you continue to search for what happiness consists of. You will never live if you are looking for the meaning of life.</span>[/blockquote]\n\nDonec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. 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07:36:24','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/2017/05/12/real-awesome-gallery-2/',51,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1374,1,'2017-06-23 08:50:43','2017-06-23 08:50:43','','Accueil','','publish','closed','closed','','accueil','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://loc.blogsb.com/?p=1374',1,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1375,1,'2017-07-03 22:01:39','2017-07-03 22:01:39','<label> Votre Nom (*)\r\n [text* your-name] </label>\r\n\r\n<label> Votre Email (*)\r\n [email* your-email] </label>\r\n\r\n<label> Sujet\r\n [text your-subject] </label>\r\n\r\n<label> Votre Message\r\n [textarea your-message] </label>\r\n\r\n[recaptcha]\r\n\r\n</br>\r\n\r\n[submit \"Envoyer\"]\n1\nSandrine Boulmier \"[your-subject]\"\n[Sandrine] <sandrine@ethnikamauricia.com>\ncantoine@messagemedia.fr\nFrom: [your-name] <[your-email]>\r\nSubject: [your-subject]\r\n\r\nMessage Body:\r\n[your-message]\r\n\r\n-- \r\nThis e-mail was sent from a contact form on Sandrine Boulmier (http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr)\nReply-To: [your-email]\n\n\n\n\nSandrine Boulmier \"[your-subject]\"\nSandrine Boulmier <wordpress@blogsb.messagemedia.fr>\n[your-email]\nMessage Body:\r\n[your-message]\r\n\r\n-- \r\nThis e-mail was sent from a contact form on Sandrine Boulmier (http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr)\nReply-To: cantoine@messagemedia.fr\n\n\n\nMerci pour votre message. Envoyé avec succès.\nUne erreur d\'envoi. Merci d\'essayer à nouveau.\nOne or more fields have an error. Please check and try again.\nThere was an error trying to send your message. Please try again later.\nYou must accept the terms and conditions before sending your message.\nCe champ est obligatoire.\nThe field is too long.\nThe field is too short.\nThere was an unknown error uploading the file.\nYou are not allowed to upload files of this type.\nThe file is too big.\nThere was an error uploading the file.\nThe date format is incorrect.\nThe date is before the earliest one allowed.\nThe date is after the latest one allowed.\nThe number format is invalid.\nThe number is smaller than the minimum allowed.\nThe number is larger than the maximum allowed.\nThe answer to the quiz is incorrect.\nL\'adresse e-mail est invalide.\nThe URL is invalid.\nThe telephone number is invalid.','Contact form 1','','publish','closed','closed','','contact-form-1','','','2022-05-02 18:03:04','2022-05-02 14:03:04','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?post_type=wpcf7_contact_form&p=1375',0,'wpcf7_contact_form','',0),(1379,2,'2017-12-01 11:53:08','2017-12-01 11:53:08','Docteur en ethno-anthropologie, j\'ai d\'abord étudié la microbiologie et la biochimie avant de me spécialiser en Sciences de l\'Homme et de la Société. J\'ai étudié, jusqu\'à l\'obtention de mon doctorat, les relations entre l\'Homme et l\'ours, à travers les mythes, les rituels sociaux et religieux, l\'anthropomorphisme ou encore la socialisation, thème central de ma thèse dont le titre est : L\'ours, socialisateur des Européens, de l\'enfance à l\'âge adulte, de la Préhistoire à nos jours.\n\nVivant depuis 2011 à Maurice, je me suis tout naturellement intéressée à l\'identité mauricienne, sa construction et son évolution à travers l\'Hsitoire et l\'éthnicité et les cultures qui y sont associées. C\'est à cette diversité culturelle et à l\'étude de l\'ensemble de la population mauricienne que ce blog est dédié.','About me','','inherit','closed','closed','','1023-autosave-v1','','','2017-12-01 11:53:08','2017-12-01 11:53:08','',1023,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2017/12/01/1023-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1380,2,'2017-12-01 11:50:49','2017-12-01 11:50:49','Docteur en ethno-anthropologie, j\'ai d\'abord étudié la microbiologie et la biochimie avant de me spécialiser en Sciences de l\'Homme et de la Société. J\'ai étudié, jusqu\'à l\'obtention de mon doctorat, les relations entre l\'Homme et l\'ours, à travers les mythes, les rituels sociaux et religieux, l\'anthropomorphisme ou encore la socialisation, thème central de ma thèse dont le titre est : L\'ours, socialisateur des Européens, de l\'enfance à l\'âge adulte, de la Préhistoire à nos jours.\r\n\r\nVivant depuis 2011 à Maurice, je me suis tout naturellement intéressée à l\'identité mauricienne, sa construction et son évolution à travers l\'Hsitoire et la différence culturelle...','About me','','inherit','closed','closed','','1023-revision-v1','','','2017-12-01 11:50:49','2017-12-01 11:50:49','',1023,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2017/12/01/1023-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1381,2,'2017-12-01 11:53:11','2017-12-01 11:53:11','Docteur en ethno-anthropologie, j\'ai d\'abord étudié la microbiologie et la biochimie avant de me spécialiser en Sciences de l\'Homme et de la Société. J\'ai étudié, jusqu\'à l\'obtention de mon doctorat, les relations entre l\'Homme et l\'ours, à travers les mythes, les rituels sociaux et religieux, l\'anthropomorphisme ou encore la socialisation, thème central de ma thèse dont le titre est : L\'ours, socialisateur des Européens, de l\'enfance à l\'âge adulte, de la Préhistoire à nos jours.\r\n\r\nVivant depuis 2011 à Maurice, je me suis tout naturellement intéressée à l\'identité mauricienne, sa construction et son évolution à travers l\'Hsitoire et l\'éthnicité et les cultures qui y sont associées. C\'est à cette diversité culturelle et à l\'étude de l\'ensemble de la population mauricienne que ce blog est dédié.','About me','','inherit','closed','closed','','1023-revision-v1','','','2017-12-01 11:53:11','2017-12-01 11:53:11','',1023,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2017/12/01/1023-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1382,2,'2018-03-13 10:32:42','2018-03-13 06:32:42','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\n\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\n<h2><strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong></h2>\n<strong><em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em></strong>\n\nBien que l\'île servit d\'escale aux Portugais lors de leur conquête des comptoirs arabes de la côte africaine de l\'Océan Indien, C\'est véritablement au XVI ème siècle que ce petit bout de terre voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\n\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\n\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île fut essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde. A titre indicatif, à la fin du XVIIème siècle, vivaient environ 200 hollandais et entre 500 et 1000 esclaves, dont les descendants, majoritairement métissés, constitue la communauté créole mauricienne.\n\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\n\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"377\" />\n\n<em>Prince Maurice de Nassau, Prince d\'Orange. https://www.wikiart.org/en/john-riley/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange</em>\n\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\n\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\n\n<strong><em>La période française</em></strong>\n\nLes Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\n\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\n\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\n\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\n\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\n\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\n\n<strong><em>Occupation britannique</em></strong>\n\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\n\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\n\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\n\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\n<h2><strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong></h2>\nIl n\'y a pas de peuple autochtone lorsque les Européens foulent le sol de cette île des Mascareignes. On devrait parler donc parler de peuplement plutôt que de colonisation tout comme ce fut le cas à la Réunion.\n\nLes groupes ethniques en présence sont donc, dès l\'origine, <strong>européens</strong>, à savoir <strong>Hollandais</strong>, <strong>Français</strong> puis <strong>Britanniques</strong>, puis d\'<strong>origine africaine</strong> avec l\'introduction d\'esclaves dans l\'île. Mentionnons cependant que tous les individus originaires du continent africain, et alors présents dans l\'île, n\'étaient pas des esclaves. En effet....\n\nBeaucoup d\'<strong>indiens</strong> sont également présents sur l\'île dès la période française, du fait notamment de la présence française à Pondichéry. L\'ethnie majoritairement représentée est alors <strong>tamoule</strong> et exerce surtout le métier de commerçant mais si certains se spécialisent dans la culture de la canne et deviennent de grands propriétaires terriens.\n\nDès 1835 et jusqu\'à 1865, sous présence britannique, afin de compenser le manque de main d\'oeuvre suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage, 200 000<strong> immigrants indiens et chinois</strong> arrivèrent à Maurice et modifièrent de manière radicale et irréversible, la composition ethnique de la population mauricienne. Les travailleurs engagés indiens ou <strong><em>Coolies</em></strong> représentèrent dès lors la majorité de la main d\'oeuvre agricole puis rapidement le groupe ethnique majoritaire dans le pays. Les Chinois, quant à eux, se spécialisèrent, dès leur arrivée, dans les activités commerçantes. Depuis plus d\'une trentaine d\'années, Maurice favorise également la venue d\'investisseurs étrangers et expatriés des quatre coins du monde (notamment grâce à son programme d\'expatriation qui attire de nombreux retraités européens) qui viennent enrichir la culture locale.\n<h2>Une identité basée sur la langue.</h2>\nBien que le créole ne soit pas une langue à proprement dit mais un dialecte, il est parlé par l\'ensemble des Mauriciens. Véritable lien unificateur, il dérive de l\'ancien français et c\'est enrichi du vocabulaire d\'autres langues, au fil des migrations, comme le <em>Bhojpuri</em> ou <em>l\'anglais</em>.\n\nAujourd\'hui, Maurice est un pays multiculturel, qui continue son développement et la construction de son identité.\n<h2></h2>\n \n\n \n\n \n\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-13 10:32:42','2018-03-13 06:32:42','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2017/12/01/7-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1383,2,'2017-12-01 12:22:23','2017-12-01 12:22:23','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde, toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2017-12-01 12:22:23','2017-12-01 12:22:23','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2017/12/01/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1385,2,'2018-01-17 15:38:33','2018-01-17 15:38:33','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde, toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n\r\nUne indentité construite sur l\'Histoire\r\n\r\n<em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em>\r\n\r\nC\'est au XVI ème siècle que ce petiit bout de terre de l\'Océan Indien voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île est essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-01-17 15:38:33','2018-01-17 15:38:33','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/01/17/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1386,2,'2018-01-17 15:46:21','2018-01-17 15:46:21','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde, toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n\r\nUne indentité construite sur l\'Histoire\r\n\r\n<em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em>\r\n\r\nC\'est au XVI ème siècle que ce petiit bout de terre de l\'Océan Indien voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île est essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement emputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-01-17 15:46:21','2018-01-17 15:46:21','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/01/17/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1387,2,'2018-01-17 15:47:32','2018-01-17 15:47:32','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde, toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong>\r\n\r\n<em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em>\r\n\r\nC\'est au XVI ème siècle que ce petiit bout de terre de l\'Océan Indien voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île est essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement emputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-01-17 15:47:32','2018-01-17 15:47:32','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/01/17/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1388,2,'2018-01-24 15:21:37','2018-01-24 15:21:37','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde, toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong>\r\n\r\n<em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em>\r\n\r\nC\'est au XVI ème siècle que ce petiit bout de terre de l\'Océan Indien voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île est essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\r\n\r\n<em>La période française</em>\r\n\r\n<em>L</em>es Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\r\n\r\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\r\n\r\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\r\n\r\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\r\n\r\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\r\n\r\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\r\n\r\n<em>Occupation britannique</em>\r\n\r\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\r\n\r\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\r\n\r\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\r\n\r\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-01-24 15:21:37','2018-01-24 15:21:37','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/01/24/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1389,2,'2018-01-24 15:22:40','2018-01-24 15:22:40','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde, toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong>\r\n\r\n<em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em>\r\n\r\nC\'est au XVI ème siècle que ce petiit bout de terre de l\'Océan Indien voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île est essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\r\n\r\n<em>La période française</em>\r\n\r\nLes Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\r\n\r\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\r\n\r\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\r\n\r\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\r\n\r\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\r\n\r\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\r\n\r\n<em>Occupation britannique</em>\r\n\r\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\r\n\r\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\r\n\r\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\r\n\r\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-01-24 15:22:40','2018-01-24 15:22:40','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/01/24/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1390,2,'2018-03-13 10:27:34','2018-03-13 06:27:34','Le calendrier festif d\'un pays fait parti intégrante de sa culture. Dans le cas de l\'Île Maurice, les jours fériés sont intimement liés à la culture socio-religieuse des différents groupes ethniques qui composent le pays. Ainsi, le gouvernement mauricien, outre la fête de l\'Indépendance qui concerne chaque citoyen et la fête du 1er mai, chaque travailleur, a tenté de répartir équitablement le nombre de jour férié en fonction de son groupe ethnico-religieux, à savoir 1 à 2 par groupe.\n\nJe vous propose de les découvrir à travers leurs origines historiques, ethniques et les rites','Maurice en fête','','inherit','closed','closed','','9-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-13 10:27:34','2018-03-13 06:27:34','',9,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/01/24/9-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1391,2,'2018-01-31 12:53:56','2018-01-31 12:53:56','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong>\r\n\r\n<em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em>\r\n\r\nBien que l\'île servit d\'escale aux Portugais lors de leur conquête des comptoirs arabes de la côte africaine de l\'Océan Indien, C\'est véritablement au XVI ème siècle que ce petit bout de terre voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île fut essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde. A titre indicatif, à la fin du XVIIème siècle, vivaient environ 200 hollandais et entre 500 et 1000 esclaves, dont les descendants, majoritairement métissés, constitue la communauté créole mauricienne.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\r\n\r\n<em>La période française</em>\r\n\r\nLes Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\r\n\r\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\r\n\r\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\r\n\r\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\r\n\r\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\r\n\r\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\r\n\r\n<em>Occupation britannique</em>\r\n\r\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\r\n\r\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\r\n\r\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\r\n\r\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong>\r\n\r\nIl n\'y a pas de peuple autochtone lorsque les européens foulent le sol de cette île des Mascareignes. On devrait parler donc parler de peuplement plutôt que de colonisation tout comme ce fut le cas à la Réunion.\r\n\r\nLes groupe ethniques en présence sont donc, dès l\'origine, européens, à savoir Hollandais, Français puis Britanniques, puis d\'origine africaine avec l\'introduction d\'esclaves dans l\'île. Mentionnons cependant que tous les individus originaires du continent africain, et alors présents dans l\'île, n\'étaient pas des esclaves. En effet....\r\n\r\nBeaucoup d\'indiens sont également présents sur l\'île dès la période française, du fait notamment de la présence française à Pondichéry. L\'ethnie majoritairement représentée est alors tamoule et exerce surtout le métier de commerçant mais si certains se spécialisent dans la culture de la canne et deviennent de grands propriétaires terriens.\r\n\r\nDès 1835 et jusqu\'à 1865, sous présence britannique, afin de compenser le manque de main d\'oeuvre suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage, 200 000 immigrants indiens et chinois arrivèrent à Maurice et modifièrent de manière radicale et irreversible, la composition ethnique de la population mauricienne. Les travailleurs engagés indiens ou <em>Coolies</em> représentèrent dès lors la majorité de la main d\'oeuvre agricole puis rapidement le groupe ethnique majoritaire dans le pays. Les Chinois, quant à eux, se spécialisèrent, dès leur arrivée, dans les activités commerçantes.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-01-31 12:53:56','2018-01-31 12:53:56','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/01/31/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1444,2,'2018-02-07 11:58:35','2018-02-07 11:58:35','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong>\r\n\r\n<em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em>\r\n\r\nBien que l\'île servit d\'escale aux Portugais lors de leur conquête des comptoirs arabes de la côte africaine de l\'Océan Indien, C\'est véritablement au XVI ème siècle que ce petit bout de terre voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île fut essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde. A titre indicatif, à la fin du XVIIème siècle, vivaient environ 200 hollandais et entre 500 et 1000 esclaves, dont les descendants, majoritairement métissés, constitue la communauté créole mauricienne.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\r\n\r\n<em>La période française</em>\r\n\r\nLes Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\r\n\r\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\r\n\r\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\r\n\r\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\r\n\r\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\r\n\r\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\r\n\r\n<em>Occupation britannique</em>\r\n\r\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\r\n\r\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\r\n\r\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\r\n\r\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong>\r\n\r\nIl n\'y a pas de peuple autochtone lorsque les Européens foulent le sol de cette île des Mascareignes. On devrait parler donc parler de peuplement plutôt que de colonisation tout comme ce fut le cas à la Réunion.\r\n\r\nLes groupes ethniques en présence sont donc, dès l\'origine, <strong>européens</strong>, à savoir <strong>Hollandais</strong>, <strong>Français</strong> puis <strong>Britanniques</strong>, puis d\'<strong>origine africaine</strong> avec l\'introduction d\'esclaves dans l\'île. Mentionnons cependant que tous les individus originaires du continent africain, et alors présents dans l\'île, n\'étaient pas des esclaves. En effet....\r\n\r\nBeaucoup d\'<strong>indiens</strong> sont également présents sur l\'île dès la période française, du fait notamment de la présence française à Pondichéry. L\'ethnie majoritairement représentée est alors <strong>tamoule</strong> et exerce surtout le métier de commerçant mais si certains se spécialisent dans la culture de la canne et deviennent de grands propriétaires terriens.\r\n\r\nDès 1835 et jusqu\'à 1865, sous présence britannique, afin de compenser le manque de main d\'oeuvre suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage, 200 000<strong> immigrants indiens et chinois</strong> arrivèrent à Maurice et modifièrent de manière radicale et irreversible, la composition ethnique de la population mauricienne. Les travailleurs engagés indiens ou <strong><em>Coolies</em></strong> représentèrent dès lors la majorité de la main d\'oeuvre agricole puis rapidement le groupe ethnique majoritaire dans le pays. Les Chinois, quant à eux, se spécialisèrent, dès leur arrivée, dans les activités commerçantes.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-02-07 11:58:35','2018-02-07 11:58:35','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/02/07/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1448,1,'2018-02-18 14:52:54','2018-02-18 14:52:54','','Image2','','inherit','open','closed','','image2','','','2018-02-18 14:52:54','2018-02-18 14:52:54','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Image2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1449,2,'2018-03-12 15:06:19','2018-03-12 11:06:19','','Ganesh','','publish','open','open','','ganesh','','','2018-03-12 17:13:35','2018-03-12 13:13:35','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1449',0,'post','',0),(1451,1,'2018-02-18 15:05:55','2018-02-18 15:05:55','','ganesh','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesh','','','2018-02-18 15:05:55','2018-02-18 15:05:55','',1449,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ganesh.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1452,1,'2018-02-18 15:06:19','2018-02-18 15:06:19','','Ganesh','','inherit','closed','closed','','1449-revision-v1','','','2018-02-18 15:06:19','2018-02-18 15:06:19','',1449,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/02/18/1449-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1456,2,'2018-03-12 16:33:40','2018-03-12 12:33:40','L\'église de Cap Malheureux, <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em> (Notre Dame Secours de Chrétiens) est un bâtiment incontournable du patrimoine culturel mauricien. Située dans le village de Cap Malheureux (village nommé ainsi par les Français suite à leur dernière bataille contre les flottes anglaises qui leur value la perte de l\'île), dans le district de Rivière du Rempart, elle fut bâtie en 1756 en hommage à de nombreuses victimes de naufrages sur cette partie des côtes nordistes du pays.\r\n\r\nSon toit rouge et ses murs blancs de nacre font désormais partis de tous les guides et autres dépliants touristiques. Construite face à la mer, halte de recueillement et de découverte pour tout visiteur, sa beauté n\'a d\'égal que sa simplicité. Symbole romantique par excellence, on y vient des quatre coins du monde pour y être photographié avec son âme soeur! Pas un jour ne se passe sans que vous ne rencontriez de nouveaux mariés devant ses murs, notamment les Chinois particulièrement friands du lieu.\r\n\r\nÀ ne manquer!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Eglise Cap Malheureux','','publish','open','open','','eglise-cap-malheureux','','','2018-03-14 17:14:21','2018-03-14 13:14:21','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1456',0,'post','',0),(1459,1,'2018-02-18 16:33:28','2018-02-18 15:33:28','','Eglise Cap Malheureux','','inherit','open','closed','','eglise-cap-malheureux-1280','','','2018-02-18 16:33:36','2018-02-18 15:33:36','',1456,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/eglise-cap-malheureux-1280.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1460,1,'2018-02-18 16:33:40','2018-02-18 15:33:40','','Eglise Cap Malheureux','','inherit','closed','closed','','1456-revision-v1','','','2018-02-18 16:33:40','2018-02-18 15:33:40','',1456,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/02/18/1456-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1464,2,'2018-02-18 17:36:03','2018-02-18 16:36:03','','Pirogue','','publish','open','open','','pirogue','','','2018-02-18 17:36:19','2018-02-18 16:36:19','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1464',0,'post','',0),(1465,2,'2018-02-18 17:35:35','2018-02-18 16:35:35','','Pirogue','','inherit','open','closed','','pirogue-1280','','','2018-02-18 17:35:54','2018-02-18 16:35:54','',1464,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/pirogue-1280.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1466,2,'2018-02-18 17:36:03','2018-02-18 16:36:03','','Pirogue','','inherit','closed','closed','','1464-revision-v1','','','2018-02-18 17:36:03','2018-02-18 16:36:03','',1464,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/02/18/1464-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1467,2,'2018-02-18 20:11:58','2018-02-18 19:11:58','','Singe Grand Bassin','','publish','open','open','','singe-grand-bassin','','','2018-02-18 20:11:58','2018-02-18 19:11:58','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1467',0,'post','',0),(1468,2,'2018-02-18 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10:57:35','',1484,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/DSC06148.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1487,2,'2018-02-26 12:50:36','2018-02-26 11:50:36','','Fleurs blanches','','inherit','closed','closed','','1484-revision-v1','','','2018-02-26 12:50:36','2018-02-26 11:50:36','',1484,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/02/26/1484-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1488,2,'2018-02-26 12:55:56','2018-02-26 11:55:56','','Bengali','','publish','open','open','','bengali','','','2018-02-26 12:55:56','2018-02-26 11:55:56','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1488',0,'post','',0),(1489,2,'2018-02-26 12:54:24','2018-02-26 11:54:24','','DSC06187','','inherit','open','closed','','dsc06187','','','2018-02-26 12:54:24','2018-02-26 11:54:24','',1488,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/DSC06187.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1490,2,'2018-02-26 12:55:56','2018-02-26 11:55:56','','Bengali','','inherit','closed','closed','','1488-revision-v1','','','2018-02-26 12:55:56','2018-02-26 11:55:56','',1488,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/02/26/1488-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1492,2,'2018-02-26 13:33:13','2018-02-26 12:33:13','','Calodyne','','publish','open','open','','calodyne','','','2018-02-26 13:35:06','2018-02-26 12:35:06','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1492',0,'post','',0),(1493,2,'2018-02-26 12:59:35','2018-02-26 11:59:35','','010','','inherit','open','closed','','010','','','2018-02-26 12:59:35','2018-02-26 11:59:35','',1492,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/010.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1494,2,'2018-02-26 13:33:13','2018-02-26 12:33:13','','Calodyne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1492-revision-v1','','','2018-02-26 13:33:13','2018-02-26 12:33:13','',1492,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/02/26/1492-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1498,2,'2018-03-02 15:14:20','2018-03-02 14:14:20','','Pieter Both','','publish','open','open','','pieter-both','','','2018-03-02 15:14:20','2018-03-02 14:14:20','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1498',0,'post','',0),(1499,2,'2018-03-02 14:57:11','2018-03-02 13:57:11','','056','','inherit','open','closed','','056','','','2018-03-02 14:57:11','2018-03-02 13:57:11','',1498,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/056.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1500,2,'2018-03-02 15:14:20','2018-03-02 14:14:20','','Pieter Both','','inherit','closed','closed','','1498-revision-v1','','','2018-03-02 15:14:20','2018-03-02 14:14:20','',1498,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/02/1498-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1502,2,'2018-03-18 12:26:38','2018-03-18 08:26:38','<h2><strong><u>La mairie de Curepipe </u></strong></h2>\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\n\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\n\n \n\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"353\" />\n\nMairie de Curepipe en 1930. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>\n\n \n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1693\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150113-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1694\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150115-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1695\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150105-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" />\n\nL\'église de Cap Malheureux, <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em> (Notre Dame Secours de Chrétiens) est un bâtiment incontournable du patrimoine culturel mauricien. Située dans le village de Cap Malheureux (village nommé ainsi par les Français suite à leur dernière bataille contre les flottes anglaises qui leur value la perte de l\'île), dans le district de Rivière du Rempart, elle fut bâtie en 1756 en hommage à de nombreuses victimes de naufrages sur cette partie des côtes nordistes du pays.\n\nSon toit rouge et ses murs blancs de nacre font désormais partis de tous les guides et autres dépliants touristiques. Construite face à la mer, halte de recueillement et de découverte pour tout visiteur, sa beauté n\'a d\'égal que sa simplicité. Symbole romantique par excellence, on y vient des quatre coins du monde pour y être photographié avec son âme soeur! Pas un jour ne se passe sans que vous ne rencontriez de nouveaux mariés devant ses murs, notamment les Chinois particulièrement friands du lieu.\n\nÀ ne manquer!','Lieux','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-18 12:26:38','2018-03-18 08:26:38','',13,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/04/13-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1504,2,'2018-03-04 15:15:20','2018-03-04 14:15:20','','MairieCurepipe-1200','','inherit','open','closed','','mairiecurepipe-1200','','','2018-03-04 15:15:20','2018-03-04 14:15:20','',13,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1505,2,'2018-03-04 15:17:28','2018-03-04 14:17:28','<u>La mairie de Curepipe </u>\r\n\r\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCarte de vœux apeim.org\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nMairie de Curepipe en 1902. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>','À découvrir','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-revision-v1','','','2018-03-04 15:17:28','2018-03-04 14:17:28','',13,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/04/13-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1506,2,'2018-03-04 15:20:24','2018-03-04 14:20:24','<u>La mairie de Curepipe </u>\r\n\r\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCarte de vœux apeim.org\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nMairie de Curepipe en 1902. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>','Lieux','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-revision-v1','','','2018-03-04 15:20:24','2018-03-04 14:20:24','',13,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/04/13-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1507,2,'2018-03-04 15:23:12','2018-03-04 14:23:12','Je vous invite, à travers cette rubrique, à découvrir des éléments clés de la culture mauricienne.\r\n\r\nÀ Découvrir ou à redécouvrir!','À découvrir','','publish','closed','closed','','a-decouvrir','','','2018-03-29 15:30:37','2018-03-29 11:30:37','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?page_id=1507',0,'page','',0),(1510,1,'2018-03-04 15:34:29','2018-03-04 14:34:29','','A découvrir','','publish','closed','closed','','a-decouvrir','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1510',20,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1512,1,'2018-03-04 15:45:37','2018-03-04 14:45:37','','À DÉCOUVRIR','','inherit','closed','closed','','1507-revision-v1','','','2018-03-04 15:45:37','2018-03-04 14:45:37','',1507,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/04/1507-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1519,2,'2018-03-08 06:44:20','2018-03-08 05:44:20','','La pêche','','publish','open','open','','la-peche','','','2018-03-08 06:44:20','2018-03-08 05:44:20','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?p=1519',0,'post','',0),(1520,2,'2018-03-08 06:44:08','2018-03-08 05:44:08','','Poissons','','inherit','open','closed','','poissons','','','2018-03-08 06:44:08','2018-03-08 05:44:08','',1519,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Poissons.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1521,2,'2018-03-08 06:44:20','2018-03-08 05:44:20','','La pêche','','inherit','closed','closed','','1519-revision-v1','','','2018-03-08 06:44:20','2018-03-08 05:44:20','',1519,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/08/1519-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1522,2,'2018-03-08 06:51:15','2018-03-08 05:51:15','','MairieCurepipe1920','','inherit','open','closed','','mairiecurepipe1920','','','2018-03-08 06:51:15','2018-03-08 05:51:15','',13,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe1920.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1523,2,'2018-03-08 06:51:31','2018-03-08 05:51:31','<strong><u>La mairie de Curepipe </u></strong>\r\n\r\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nMairie de Curepipe en 1902. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>','Lieux','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-revision-v1','','','2018-03-08 06:51:31','2018-03-08 05:51:31','',13,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/08/13-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1524,2,'2018-03-08 06:53:11','2018-03-08 05:53:11','<strong><u>La mairie de Curepipe </u></strong>\r\n\r\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"353\" />\r\n\r\nMairie de Curepipe en 1930. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>','Lieux','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-revision-v1','','','2018-03-08 06:53:11','2018-03-08 05:53:11','',13,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/08/13-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1525,2,'2018-03-11 10:46:15','2018-03-11 09:46:15','','prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange','(c) Maidstone Museum & Bentlif Art Gallery; Supplied by The Public Catalogue Foundation','inherit','open','closed','','prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange','','','2018-03-11 10:46:15','2018-03-11 09:46:15','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1526,2,'2018-03-11 10:57:00','2018-03-11 09:57:00','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong>\r\n\r\n<em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em>\r\n\r\nBien que l\'île servit d\'escale aux Portugais lors de leur conquête des comptoirs arabes de la côte africaine de l\'Océan Indien, C\'est véritablement au XVI ème siècle que ce petit bout de terre voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île fut essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde. A titre indicatif, à la fin du XVIIème siècle, vivaient environ 200 hollandais et entre 500 et 1000 esclaves, dont les descendants, majoritairement métissés, constitue la communauté créole mauricienne.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"377\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Prince Maurice de Nassau, Prince d\'Orange. https://www.wikiart.org/en/john-riley/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange</em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\r\n\r\n<em>La période française</em>\r\n\r\nLes Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\r\n\r\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\r\n\r\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\r\n\r\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\r\n\r\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\r\n\r\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\r\n\r\n<em>Occupation britannique</em>\r\n\r\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\r\n\r\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\r\n\r\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\r\n\r\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\r\n\r\n<strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong>\r\n\r\nIl n\'y a pas de peuple autochtone lorsque les Européens foulent le sol de cette île des Mascareignes. On devrait parler donc parler de peuplement plutôt que de colonisation tout comme ce fut le cas à la Réunion.\r\n\r\nLes groupes ethniques en présence sont donc, dès l\'origine, <strong>européens</strong>, à savoir <strong>Hollandais</strong>, <strong>Français</strong> puis <strong>Britanniques</strong>, puis d\'<strong>origine africaine</strong> avec l\'introduction d\'esclaves dans l\'île. Mentionnons cependant que tous les individus originaires du continent africain, et alors présents dans l\'île, n\'étaient pas des esclaves. En effet....\r\n\r\nBeaucoup d\'<strong>indiens</strong> sont également présents sur l\'île dès la période française, du fait notamment de la présence française à Pondichéry. L\'ethnie majoritairement représentée est alors <strong>tamoule</strong> et exerce surtout le métier de commerçant mais si certains se spécialisent dans la culture de la canne et deviennent de grands propriétaires terriens.\r\n\r\nDès 1835 et jusqu\'à 1865, sous présence britannique, afin de compenser le manque de main d\'oeuvre suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage, 200 000<strong> immigrants indiens et chinois</strong> arrivèrent à Maurice et modifièrent de manière radicale et irreversible, la composition ethnique de la population mauricienne. Les travailleurs engagés indiens ou <strong><em>Coolies</em></strong> représentèrent dès lors la majorité de la main d\'oeuvre agricole puis rapidement le groupe ethnique majoritaire dans le pays. Les Chinois, quant à eux, se spécialisèrent, dès leur arrivée, dans les activités commerçantes.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-03-11 10:57:00','2018-03-11 09:57:00','',7,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/11/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1529,2,'2018-03-11 20:28:21','2018-03-11 16:28:21','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\"La tolérance, c\'est regarder l\'Autre comme une partie de soi\".</strong></p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Ma philosophie, Sandrine Boulmier.</em></p>\n \n\nL\'Île Maurice ou Mauritius ou Moris, est une petite île de l\'Océan Indien, nichée au coeur de l\'archipel des Mascareignes comme son île soeur, La Réunion. Pour le visiteur, Maurice est une île où il fait bon vivre avec son climat tropical, ses plages de sable blanc et ses eaux turquoises.\n\nPour l\'ethno-anthropologue que je suis, ce n\'est pas le côté carte postale de l\'île qui m\'interpelle mais sa population, plus précisément les groupes ethniques qui la compose, leur culture, leurs moeurs, autant de richesses à découvrir que de connaissances à acquérir.\n\nDocteur en ethno-anthropologie et installée à Maurice depuis 2011, j\'ai créé ce site/blog afin de partager ma découverte, sans cesse renouvelée, de la culture mauricienne à travers une identité en construction. Ce travail est donc le fruit de recherches personnelles toujours en cours, qui donnera lieu prochainement à un livre sur le sujet et de mon affection pour ce peuple mauricien à la fois proche et lointain, étranger et familier, une partie de moi sans l\'être...\n\nJe dédie ce site/blog à tous les Mauriciens d\'ici et d\'ailleurs qui, je l\'espère, leur permettra de découvrir d\'autres facettes de leur culture mais aussi participera à la transmission d\'une mémoire que je souhaite préserver et qui enrichit la mémoire humaine mondiale. Ce site/blog est aussi ouvert à tous les curieux qui désirent mieux connaître les racines, l\'histoire et la culture mauricienne au delà du cliché paradisiaque de l\'île.\n\nJe remercie tous les Mauriciens qui m\'ont ouvert leur porte et qui ont partagé et qui partagent avec moi leurs souvenirs, leurs réflexions et leurs espoirs pour l\'avenir...\n\n<em>Un gran merci a tou bann Morisiens!</em>\n\n ','À propos','','inherit','closed','closed','','15-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-11 20:28:21','2018-03-11 16:28:21','',15,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/11/15-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1532,2,'2018-03-11 20:29:33','2018-03-11 16:29:33','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\"La tolérance, c\'est regarder l\'Autre comme une partie de soi\".</strong></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Ma philosophie, Sandrine Boulmier.</em></p>\r\n \r\n\r\nL\'Île Maurice ou Mauritius ou Moris, est une petite île de l\'Océan Indien, nichée au coeur de l\'archipel des Mascareignes comme son île soeur, La Réunion. Pour le visiteur, Maurice est une île où il fait bon vivre avec son climat tropical, ses plages de sable blanc et ses eaux turquoises.\r\n\r\nPour l\'ethno-anthropologue que je suis, ce n\'est pas le côté carte postale de l\'île qui m\'interpelle mais sa population, plus précisément les groupes ethniques qui la compose, leur culture, leurs moeurs, autant de richesses à découvrir que de connaissances à acquérir.\r\n\r\nDocteur en ethno-anthropologie et installée à Maurice depuis 2011, j\'ai créé ce site/blog afin de partager ma découverte, sans cesse renouvelée, de la culture mauricienne à travers une identité en construction. Ce travail est donc le fruit de recherches personnelles toujours en cours, qui donnera lieu prochainement à un livre sur le sujet, mais aussi de mon affection pour ce peuple mauricien à la fois proche et lointain, étranger et familier, une partie de moi sans l\'être...\r\n\r\nJe dédie ce site/blog à tous les Mauriciens d\'ici et d\'ailleurs qui, je l\'espère, leur permettra de découvrir d\'autres facettes de leur culture mais aussi participera à la transmission d\'une mémoire que je souhaite préserver et qui enrichit la mémoire humaine mondiale. Ce site/blog est aussi ouvert à tous les curieux qui désirent mieux connaître les racines, l\'histoire et la culture mauricienne au delà du cliché paradisiaque de l\'île.\r\n\r\nJe remercie tous les Mauriciens qui m\'ont ouvert leur porte et qui ont partagé et qui partagent avec moi leurs souvenirs, leurs réflexions et leurs espoirs pour l\'avenir...\r\n\r\n<em>Un gran merci a tou bann Morisiens!</em>\r\n\r\n ','À propos','','inherit','closed','closed','','15-revision-v1','','','2018-03-11 20:29:33','2018-03-11 16:29:33','',15,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/11/15-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1533,2,'2018-03-12 12:45:20','2018-03-12 08:45:20','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>La fête nationale mauricienne ou fête de l\'ind</strong><strong>épendance</strong></h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"></p>\r\nLa fête nationale mauricienne a lieu chaque 12 mars afin de célébrer l\'accès à l\'indépendance de l\'île le 12 mars 1968. Tour à tour hollandaise, française puis britannique, l\'île accède à l\'indépendance politique et économique après le référendum du 7 août 1967 où le \"oui\" l\'emporte à 56% des voix. Certains Mauriciens regrettent néanmoins ce choix, comme les Rodriguais qui ont voté par la négative à la majorité, mais surtout les Chagossiens qui perdirent définitivement leur île et le droit d\'y séjourner, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam ayant du sacrifier Les Chagos - au profit des États-Unis qui en font une base militaire - afin d\'obtenir l\'accès à l\'indépendance pour son pays.\r\n\r\nLe pays est désormais une république à part entière, depuis 1992, qui a toutefois conservé le système parlementaire de type britannique, faisant toujours partie du Commonwealth. Démocratie stable, le pays attire aujourd\'hui de nombreux investisseurs étrangers participant ainsi à sa prospérité. Depuis le V<sup>ème </sup>sommet de 1993, Maurice fait également partie de la Francophonie.\r\n\r\nEn 2018, l\'Île Maurice fête le cinquantenaire de son indépendance, l\'occasion pour le peuple mauricien de faire le bilan du chemin parcouru, d\'être fier de ce qu\'il a accompli et de viser toujours plus haut pour l\'avenir, uni, volontaire et confiant...\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Symbolique du drapeau mauricien</u></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 size-266x266\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Drapeau-Moris.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nLe drapeau mauricien est constitué de quatre bandes de même proportion et de couleurs différentes. Chaque couleur a une signification particulière.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><em>Le rouge : </em></strong></span>couleur des flamboyants. Il représente également le foyer d\'incendie aux quatre phares de l\'horizon et le sang répandu par les aïeux.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><em>Le Bleu : </em></strong></span>la couleur de l\'Océan Indien et le bleu du ciel.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\"><strong><em>Le jaune : </em></strong></span>couleur du sable et du soleil.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><em>Le vert : </em></strong></span>couleur de la nature luxuriante ainsi que les champs de canne à sucre qui recouvre une grande partie de l\'Île et qui reste un pilier important de l\'économie mauricienne.\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Les Pavillons</u></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1568\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonCivil-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon civil\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1570\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Pavillon-dEtat-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon d\'État\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1571\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonGuerre-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon de guerre\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Hymne national mauricien : </u></strong><strong><em>Motherland</em></strong>\r\n\r\nécrit par Jean-Georges Prosper et composé par Philippe Gentil (1968).\r\n\r\nGlory to thee, Motherland\r\nO motherland of mine.\r\nSweet is thy beauty,\r\nSweet is thy fragrance,\r\nAround thee we gather\r\nAs one people,\r\nAs one nation,\r\nIn peace, justice and liberty.\r\nBeloved Country,\r\nMay God bless thee\r\nFor ever and ever.','La fête nationale mauricienne','','publish','closed','closed','','la-fete-nationale-mauricienne','','','2018-03-12 12:49:02','2018-03-12 08:49:02','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?page_id=1533',0,'page','',0),(1534,2,'2018-03-11 20:40:47','2018-03-11 16:40:47','','Drapeau Moris','','inherit','open','closed','','drapeau-moris','','','2018-03-11 20:40:47','2018-03-11 16:40:47','',1533,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Drapeau-Moris.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(1537,2,'2018-03-11 21:02:09','2018-03-11 17:02:09','','ParapluiesMauriceencouleur','','inherit','open','closed','','parapluiesmauriceencouleur','','','2018-03-11 21:02:09','2018-03-11 17:02:09','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/ParapluiesMauriceencouleur.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1542,2,'2018-03-12 08:56:07','2018-03-12 04:56:07','','Bol renversé','','inherit','open','closed','','bol-renverse','','','2018-03-12 08:56:07','2018-03-12 04:56:07','',11,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Bol-renversé.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1543,2,'2018-03-12 09:02:28','2018-03-12 05:02:28','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">La cuisine mauricienne, une identité nationale</h1>\r\n \r\n\r\nS\'il est un élément qui unit profondément un peuple, c\'est aucun doute sa cuisine. Unificateur identitaire par excellence, la cuisine mauricienne en est un parfait exemple car chacune de ses facettes reflète les différentes origines ethniques de ceux qui la composent, la créent et la remodèlent chaque jour. Véritable élément de transmission familiale, chaque plat qui constitue la cuisine mauricienne est d\'origine multiculturelle, à l\'instar de son peuple, et résulte d\'un savoir connu par l\'ensemble des Mauriciens, toute origine ethnque confondue.\r\n\r\nAinsi, la cusine mauricienne est enrichie de plats d\'origine créole, indienne, européenne et chinoise. Nous vous proposons, dans cette rubrique, de découvrir les plus célèbres d\'entre eux, en image, en retraçant leurs origines et en découvrant ce qu\'ils représentent aux yeux de ceux qui les \"créent\" et les \"recréent\" chaque jour en n\'y laissant une pincée d\'eux-mêmes...\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"> A vos papilles!</h3>','Côté cuisine','','inherit','closed','closed','','11-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 09:02:28','2018-03-12 05:02:28','',11,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/12/11-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1544,2,'2018-03-12 09:22:23','2018-03-12 05:22:23','<strong>Maha Shivaratree ou la grande nuit de Shiva</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Maha =\"</em></strong><em>grand<strong>\" ; Shiva = \"</strong>de bonne augure/ le bon/ qui porte bonheur\" ; <strong>Ratree ou ratri : </strong>\"nuit\".</em>\r\n<h3>Qui est Shiva?</h3>\r\nLe dieu Shiva occupe une place prépondérante dans l\'hindouisme. Il forme la <strong>Trimūrti</strong> - triple manifestation de la divinité suprême qui préside aux différents états et ordres de l\'univers - avec Saguna Brahma, le créateur, Vishnu, le conservateur et Shiva, le destructeur (s\'agissant ici de la destruction du mal)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n\" C\'est comme quand on construit une maison... <strong>Brahma</strong> est la créateur, <strong>Vishnu</strong> lui, il protège la maison, il nous protège tous, car la maison c\'est le monde, c\'est l\'univers. Mais, il y a de l\'énergie négative dans l\'univers qui nous approche, il y a aussi la positivité et ça, c\'est Vishnu qui nous l\'apporte, mais qui va empêcher la négativité? C\'est <strong>Shiva</strong>. C\'est pour cela qu\'on l\'appelle le destructeur et qu\'il a un 3ème œil... En fait, nous l\'avons tous mais nous, à notre stade, nous humains, nous ne sommes pas encore au niveau de méditation et sagesse pour pouvoir nous en servir...\" <em>Savi, Triolet, Février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nShiva participe donc à l\'équilibre universel. La déesse <em>Parvati</em> (fille de la montagne) est son épouse ou <em>Shakti<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]</strong></a></em> et ils ont pour enfants les dieux <em>Ganesh</em>, <em>Muruga</em> et <em>Ayyapan</em>. Ayant consacré la majorité de sa vie à la méditation, Shiva est souvent représenté en état méditatif, menant une vie de sage et d\'ascète sur le mont <em>Kailash</em> - montagne faisant partie de la chaîne <em>Gangdise</em> ou <em>Transhimalaya</em> - où il vit avec son épouse et leurs enfants.\r\n\r\nDans la tradition <em>Shivaïte, </em>Shiva possède cinq fonctions principales : il est tour à tour le créateur, le préservateur, le transformateur, le dissimulateur et le révélateur (par la bénédiction). Il est communément représenté de manière anthropomorphique muni de différents attributs :\r\n\r\n- son chignon, siège du Gange et de son pouvoir d\'ascète.\r\n\r\n- Le croissant de lune qui se trouve dans sa chevelure (association avec l\'astre lunaire <em>Chandra). </em>\r\n\r\n- Le troisième œil, ouvert grâce à une profonde méditation et qui permet de voir au-delà de la réalité matérielle.\r\n\r\n- Le cobra enroulé autour de son cou tel un collier et qui symbolise l\'énergie primordiale divine.\r\n\r\n- La peau de tigre pour symboliser da maîtrise des forces naturelles.\r\n\r\n- Le trident ou <em>trishula, </em>dont chacune de pointes concentre la création, la permanence et la destruction.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1613 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Hindukailash-218x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"339\" />\r\n\r\nShiva, Parvati et leurs enfants recevant les hommages des <em>devas </em>et <em>rishi</em> sur les pentes du mont <em>Kailash.</em> Miniature indienne du XVIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Source <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1616 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueShiva-Ganga-Talao-216x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nStatue de Shiva, Ganga Talao (Grand Bassin), Île Maurice. C\'est une réplique de celle du lac de Sursagar, située à Vadodara dans l\'état du Gujarat, en Inde. Elle a été inaugurée en 2007 et mesure 33 m de hauteur. Source : <em>Wikipedia.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1617 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue-Shiva-Vadodara-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"254\" height=\"381\" />\r\n<table style=\"height: 68px;\" width=\"528\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"264\">Statue de Shiva sur le lac Sursagar, Vadodara. Source <em>Pinterest.</em></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n<h3>Représentation Shiva</h3>\r\nShiva est aussi vénéré sous la forme du <em>lingam ou Shivling</em>, symbole phallique de création, associé au <em>yoni, </em>symbole de l\'organe sexuel féminin, la matrice du monde. Les deux symboles<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> sont représentés imbriqués l\'un dans l\'autre ou en \"osmose\", prouvant par leur union qu\'ils dépassent l\'antagonisme mâle-femelle ainsi que le spirituel-matériel car sont complémentaires, indissociables et absolus. La représentation du <em>Shivling </em>peut supplanter tout autre représentation anthropomorphique de Shiva. Lors de prières et/ou cérémonies en l\'honneur du dieu, il est de coutume de oindre le <em>Shivling </em>de lait de buffle<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a>, de lait de coco et de <em>ghee</em> (beurre clarifié fréquemment utilisé lors des <em>puja</em>, à savoir les prières, et/ou dans la cuisine indienne), et l\'entourer de fruits, fleurs et autres sucreries en guise d\'offrandes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1618 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Lingam-272x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"272\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nLingam et yoni. Ghâts - ensemble de marches qui recouvrent les rives d\'un cours d\'eau ou les berges - à Varanasi ou Bénarès. Source : <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1661 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/KawarShiling-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"341\" height=\"227\" />\r\n\r\nPèlerins portant un <em>kawar</em> en forme de <em>shivling</em>. Source : <a href=\"https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html\">https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html</a>\r\n<h3>Déroulement de la célébration</h3>\r\nMaha shivaratree est donc, de part l\'importance de Shiva dans le panthéon hindouiste, un événement incontournable dans le calendrier festif hindou. À Maurice, la fête a lieu une fois par an, autour de février-mars, selon les années, dans le calendrier grégorien et se compose de différentes étapes que suivent les dévots :\r\n\r\n- le carême qui consiste à ne pas manger de chair ni consommer d\'alcool et à rester chaste les dix jours précédant la célébration.\r\n\r\n- Les prières adressées au dieu Shiva, au temple ou dans l\'enceinte familiale ou encore dans le cadre d\'une association religieuse.\r\n\r\n- la préparation, pendant le mois qui précède le pèlerinage, ou parfois plus tôt, du <em>Kanwar</em>, à savoir le char confectionné par les fidèles qui symbolisent ainsi leur dévotion à Shiva. C\'est un véritable travail d\'équipe porté par la solidarité du groupe et sa dévotion au dieu. On apporte donc une attention tout particulière à sa confection. Le char est fabriqué à partir de bambou, bois et/ou métal, orné de tissus de différentes couleurs, fleurs et autres végétaux, chacun choisissant de l\'habiller selon ses goûts et ses envies. Enfin, chaque <em>kanwa<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]</strong></a>r</em> possède en son sein une ou des représentation(s) du dieu suprême sous forme de statues, images, dessins, miroirs, bijoux, etc. Il peut aussi être accompagné de représentations de Parvati, Ganesh et Muruga...\r\n\r\nSavi et Oucha relate ainsi l\'origine du <em>kanwar </em>:\r\n\r\n\" Auparavant, le <em>kanwar</em> était petit et une seule personne le portait. Une légende explique pour nous son origine. Une femme, qui avait de nombreux problèmes dans sa vie, a fait la promesse de trouver et voir Shiva pour lui demander d\'ôter toute la négativité de sa vie. Pour cela, elle a décidé de confectionner un <em>kanwar</em> qu\'elle va porter sur son épaule<em>.</em> Dans un panier, elle décide de mettre une image représentant Shiva et dans un autre, une de Parvati. Elle entreprend alors un voyage vers la ville sacrée de <em>Kashi<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><strong>[6]</strong></a></em>, lieu où se trouvent un <em>shivling</em> et où tous les obstacles peuvent être supprimés, détruits. Elle fait donc un très long voyage pour arriver là-bas. Une fois arrivée, elle se met à prier beaucoup Shiva pour qu\'il l\'aide à enlever toute la négativité dans sa vie. Et là, qu\'est-ce qui se passe? Shiva n\'arrive pas, elle ne le voit pas . Mais Shiva apparaît sous la forme d\'un prêtre, c\'est comme ça qu\'il est venu devant elle. Et qu\'est-ce qu\'il a fait? Il lui a donné une feuille de <em>bael</em>. Elle se demande comment une feuille peut l\'aider et, de colère, elle la jette et la feuille va sur le <em>lingam</em>, et quand la feuille tombe sur le <em>lingam, </em>en même temps, chez elle, tous les obstacles, les difficultés de sa vie disparaissent : la pauvreté, guérison de son mari malade, et encore beaucoup de chose. Et là, une fois arrivée, elle chante la gloire de Shiva!\" <em>Triolet, février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1620\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueDieux-pr-Kanwar-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1670\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/50ans-Murice-104-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1672\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/50ans-Murice-101-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nStatue représentant Shiva, Parvati et Nandi, posés au centre du Kanwar. Triolet, février 2018.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1621 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FeuilledeBael-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Bael pattra </em>ou feuille de bael. La tige est toujours composée de trois feuilles distinctes. Photo de l\'auteure, Triolet 2018.\r\n\r\nLa dévotion de cette femme a donc été récompensée, de même que les dévots de Shiva espèrent recevoir de multiples bénédictions du dieu lors de l\'accomplissement du pèlerinage et des prières qui s\'en suivent. En effet, bien que le dieu soit célébré tous les quatorzième jours de la lune (dans sa face sombre dans le calendrier lunaire), Maha Shivaratree reste la célébration la plus importante dans le culte rendu à Shiva car particulièrement propice aux bénédictions du fait de la position des planètes, cette nuit là, qui sont censées apporter un puissant flux d\'énergie naturel et spirituel dans le corps et ainsi, dans l\'esprit humain<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a>.\r\n\r\n- Le départ des dévots, vers le lac sacré Ganga Talao ou Grand bassin à Maurice, qui a lieu plusieurs jours avant ou le jour même. Tout dépend du lieu de départ puisque les pèlerins partent des quatre coins de l\'île, la marche et la pénibilité de celle-ci (douleur, chaleur, fatigue, etc) faisant partie intégrante du rite et de la dévotion au dieu.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le plus frappant pour le visiteur est certainement de voir la joie, la solidarité et le dynamisme qui anime les dévots mais également l\'ensemble des volontaires (membres d\'une association, entreprises ou particuliers) qui soutiennent les premiers en leur offrant, tout au long du chemin, de la nourriture (fruits, chana puri, ladoo, etc). Tout cela accompagné de chants, rires et musique. Enfin, signalons aussi le fait que différentes communautés de différentes confessions religieuses participent également au pèlerinage, à Maurice, emportés par la bonne humeur ambiante ainsi que leur propre curiosité, ceci dans la plus grande tolérance.\r\n\r\n- Une fois arrivé, chacun va, au fil des heures, se reposer, se restaurer, se désaltérer mais aussi et surtout, rendre hommage à Shiva par le biais de multiples <em>puja </em>(prières), offrandes, méditation à l\'écoute des prières et lectures de textes sacrés faites par les pandits<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> et, enfin, verser l\'eau sacrée sur le lingam. Cette étape indispensable se poursuit également au sein du foyer, les pèlerins rapportant un peu de l\'eau du lac sacré, chez eux, pour le verser à nouveau sur leur représentation personnelle du dieu Shiva lors de futures prières.\r\n\r\n- Enfin, la journée qui suit Maha Shivaratree, chaque dévot devra se rendre au temple pour effectuer quatre sessions de prières qui ont déjà commencé pendant la nuit et seront faites uniquement à Grand Bassin pour certains :\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n- 1ère session : de 6 à 9h.\r\n\r\n- 2ème session : 9 à 12h\r\n\r\n- 3ème session : 12 à 15h\r\n\r\n- 4ème session : 15h à 6h.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi s\'achève la grande nuit de Shiva à Maurice, dans la joie et la sérénité, chacun gardant secrète la bénédiction que Shiva a bien voulu lui accorder...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Cf Amaury de Riencourt, 1985 - <em>L\'âme de l\'Inde, </em>p. 15 et pp. 126-226. On retrouve cette division tripartique du divin dans d\'autres cultures et religions comme le taoisme ou le christianisme.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Ce terme désigne, dans l\'hindouisme, l\'énergie féminine, le principe actif et extériorisé d\'une divinité masculine. Le <em>shaktisme</em> est aussi un courant tantrique de l\'Inde dont on retrouve les premières références littéraires au VIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Cf le <em>Dictionnaire Héritage du Sansrit</em> de Gérard Huet.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Rappelons d\'ailleurs que Shiva est un dieu androgyne.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Le lait est considéré comme un élément et un aliment pur pour les hindous. Cf la rubrique côté cusine.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Cette confection du <em>kanwar</em> donnait lieu, à Maurice, jusqu\'à très récemment, à une compétition, présidée par un comité, qui visait à élire le plus beau <em>Kanwar. </em>Toutefois, celle-ci a été abandonnée pour des raisons évidentes puisqu\'elle éloignait les dévots du but premier du pèlerinage purement spirituel.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Fait référence à l\'ancien Royaume de Kashi devenu la Principauté de Bénarès en 1740 et lieu de résidence de Kashi Naresh, chef religieux du XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle, considéré comme une incarnation de Shiva.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Pour de plus amples informations, je vous invite à lire l\'ouvrage d\'Alexandre Astier, 2013 - <em>L\'hindouisme </em>; Paris : Eyrolles, 220p.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Prêtes hindous.','Maha shivaratree','','publish','closed','closed','','maha-shivaratree','','','2018-03-13 10:38:04','2018-03-13 06:38:04','',0,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/?page_id=1544',0,'page','',0),(1545,2,'2018-03-12 09:21:33','2018-03-12 05:21:33','','Shiva Grand Bassin','','inherit','open','closed','','shiva-grand-bassin','','','2018-03-12 09:21:33','2018-03-12 05:21:33','',1544,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Shiva-Grand-Bassin.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1546,2,'2018-03-12 09:22:23','2018-03-12 05:22:23','<strong>Maha Shivaratree ou la grande nuit de Shiva</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Maha =\"</em></strong><em>grand<strong>\" ; Shiva = \"</strong>de bonne augure/ le bon/ qui porte bonheur\" ; <strong>Ratree ou ratri : </strong>\"nuit\".</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nLe dieu Shiva occupe une place prépondérante dans l\'hindouisme. Il forme la <strong>Trimūrti</strong> - triple manifestation de la divinité suprême qui préside aux différents états et ordres de l\'univers - avec Saguna Brahma, le créateur, Vishnu, le conservateur et Shiva, le destructeur (s\'agissant ici de la destruction du mal)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n\" C\'est comme quand on construit une maison... <strong>Brahma</strong> est la créateur, <strong>Vishnu</strong> lui, il protège la maison, il nous protège tous, car la maison c\'est le monde, c\'est l\'univers. Mais, il y a de l\'énergie négative dans l\'univers qui nous approche, il y a aussi la positivité et ça, c\'est Vishnu qui nous l\'apporte, mais qui va empêcher la négativité? C\'est <strong>Shiva</strong>. C\'est pour cela qu\'on l\'appelle le destructeur et qu\'il a un 3ème œil... En fait, nous l\'avons tous mais nous, à notre stade, nous humains, nous ne sommes pas encore au niveau de méditation et sagesse pour pouvoir nous en servir...\" <em>Savi, Triolet, Février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nShiva participe donc à l\'équilibre universel. La déesse <em>Parvati</em> (fille de la montagne) est son épouse ou <em>Shakti<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]</strong></a></em> et ils ont pour enfants les dieux <em>Ganesh</em>, <em>Muruga</em> et <em>Ayyapan</em>. Ayant consacré la majorité de sa vie à la méditation, Shiva est souvent représenté en état méditatif, menant une vie de sage et d\'ascète sur le mont <em>Kailash</em> - montagne faisant partie de la chaîne <em>Gangdise</em> ou <em>Transhimalaya</em> - où il vit avec son épouse et leurs enfants.\r\n\r\nDans la tradition <em>Shivaïte, </em>Shiva possède cinq fonctions principales : il est tour à tour le créateur, le préservateur, le transformateur, le dissimulateur et le révélateur (par la bénédiction). Il est communément représenté de manière anthropomorphique muni de différents attributs :\r\n\r\n- son chignon, siège du Gange et de son pouvoir d\'ascète.\r\n\r\n- Le croissant de lune qui se trouve dans sa chevelure (association avec l\'astre lunaire <em>Chandra). </em>\r\n\r\n- Le troisième œil, ouvert grâce à une profonde méditation et qui permet de voir au-delà de la réalité matérielle.\r\n\r\n- Le cobra enroulé autour de son cou tel un collier et qui symbolise l\'énergie primordiale divine.\r\n\r\n- La peau de tigre pour symboliser da maîtrise des forces naturelles.\r\n\r\n- Le trident ou <em>trishula, </em>dont chacune de pointes concentre la création, la permanence et la destruction.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nShiva, Parvati et leurs enfants recevant les hommages des <em>devas </em>et <em>rishi</em> sur les pentes du mont <em>Kailash.</em> Miniature indienne du XVIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Source <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash</a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"264\">Statue de Shiva, Ganga Talao (Grand Bassin), Île Maurice. C\'est une réplique de celle du lac de Sursagar, située à Vadodara dans l\'état du Gujarat, en Inde. Elle a été inaugurée en 2007 et mesure 33 m de hauteur. Il est l\'œuvre du sculpteur indien\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n </td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nStatue de Shiva sur le lac Sursagar, Vadodara.\r\n\r\nSource <em>Pinterest.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\nShiva est aussi vénéré sous la forme du <em>lingam ou Shivling</em>, symbole phallique de création, associé au <em>yoni, </em>symbole de l\'organe sexuel féminin, la matrice du monde. Les deux symboles<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> sont représentés imbriqués l\'un dans l\'autre ou en \"osmose\", prouvant par leur union qu\'ils dépassent l\'antagonisme mâle-femelle ainsi que le spirituel-matériel car sont complémentaires, indissociables et absolus. La représentation du <em>Shivling </em>peut supplanter tout autre représentation anthropomorphique de Shiva. Lors de prières et/ou cérémonies en l\'honneur du dieu, il est de coutume de oindre le <em>Shivling </em>de lait de buffle<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a>, de lait de coco et de <em>ghee</em> (beurre clarifié fréquemment utilisé lors des <em>puja</em>, à savoir les prières, et/ou dans la cuisine indienne), et l\'entourer de fruits, fleurs et autres sucreries en guise d\'offrandes.\r\n\r\nLingam et yoni. Ghâts - ensemble de marches qui recouvrent les rives d\'un cours d\'eau ou les berges - à Varanasi ou Bénarès. Source : <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva</a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nPèlerins portant un <em>kawar</em> en forme de <em>shivling</em>. Source : <a href=\"https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html\">https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html</a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nMaha shivaratree est donc, de part l\'importance de Shiva dans le panthéon hindouiste, un évènement incontournable dans le calendrier festif hindou. À Maurice, la fête a lieu une fois par an, autour de février-mars, selon les années, dans le calendrier grégorien et se compose de différentes étapes que suivent les dévots :\r\n\r\n- le carême qui consiste à ne pas manger de chair ni consommer d\'alcool et à rester chaste les dix jours précédant la célébration.\r\n\r\n- Les prières adressées au dieu Shiva, au temple ou dans l\'enceinte familiale ou encore dans le cadre d\'une association religieuse.\r\n\r\n- la préparation, pendant le mois qui précède le pèlerinage, ou parfois plus tôt, du <em>Kanwar</em>, à savoir le char confectionné par les fidèles qui symbolisent ainsi leur dévotion à Shiva. C\'est un véritable travail d\'équipe porté par la solidarité du groupe et sa dévotion au dieu. On apporte donc une attention tout particulière à sa confection. Le char est fabriqué à partir de bambou, bois et/ou métal, orné de tissus de différentes couleurs, fleurs et autres végétaux, chacun choisissant de l\'habiller selon ses goûts et ses envies. Enfin, chaque <em>kanwa<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]</strong></a>r</em> possède en son sein une ou des représentation(s) du dieu suprême sous forme de statues, images, dessins, miroirs, bijoux, etc. Il peut aussi être accompagné de représentations de Parvati, Ganesh et Muruga...\r\n\r\nSavi et Oucha relate ainsi l\'origine du <em>kanwar </em>:\r\n\r\n\" Auparavant, le <em>kanwar</em> était petit et une seule personne le portait. Une légende explique pour nous son origine. Une femme, qui avait de nombreux problèmes dans sa vie, a fait la promesse de trouver et voir Shiva pour lui demander d\'ôter toute la négativité de sa vie. Pour cela, elle a décidé de confectionner un <em>kanwar</em> qu\'elle va porter sur son épaule<em>.</em> Dans un panier, elle décide de mettre une image représentant Shiva et dans un autre, une de Parvati. Elle entreprend alors un voyage vers la ville sacrée de <em>Kashi<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><strong>[6]</strong></a></em>, lieu où se trouvent un <em>shivling</em> et où tous les obstacles peuvent être supprimés, détruits. Elle fait donc un très long voyage pour arriver là-bas. Une fois arrivée, elle se met à prier beaucoup Shiva pour qu\'il l\'aide à enlever toute la négativité dans sa vie. Et là, qu\'est-ce qui se passe? Shiva n\'arrive pas, elle ne le voit pas . Mais Shiva apparaît sous la forme d\'un prêtre, c\'est comme ça qu\'il est venu devant elle. Et qu\'est-ce qu\'il a fait? Il lui a donné une feuille de <em>bael</em>. Elle se demande comment une feuille peut l\'aider et, de colère, elle la jette et la feuille va sur le <em>lingam</em>, et quand la feuille tombe sur le <em>lingam, </em>en même temps, chez elle, tous les obstacles, les difficultés de sa vie disparaissent : la pauvreté, guérison de son mari malade, et encore beaucoup de chose. Et là, une fois arrivée, elle chante la gloire de Shiva!\" <em>Triolet, février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nStatue représentant Shiva, Parvati et Nandi, posés au centre du Kanwar. Triolet, février 2018.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Bael pattra </em>ou feuille de bael. La tige est toujours composée de trois feuilles distinctes.\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure, Triolet 2018.\r\n\r\nLa dévotion de cette femme a donc été récompensée, de même que les dévots de Shiva espèrent recevoir de multiples bénédictions du dieu lors de l\'accomplissement du pèlerinage et des prières qui s\'en suivent. En effet, bien que le dieu soit célébré tous les quatorzième jours de la lune (dans sa face sombre dans le calendrier lunaire), Maha Shivaratree reste la célébration la plus importante dans le culte rendu à Shiva car particulièrement propice aux bénédictions du fait de la position des planètes, cette nuit là, qui sont censées apporter un puissant flux d\'énergie naturel et spirituel dans le corps et ainsi, dans l\'esprit humain<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a>.\r\n\r\n- Le départ des dévots, vers le lac sacré Ganga Talao ou Grand bassin à Maurice, qui a lieu plusieurs jours avant ou le jour même. Tout dépend du lieu de départ puisque les pèlerins partent des quatre coins de l\'île, la marche et la pénibilité de celle-ci (douleur, chaleur, fatigue, etc) faisant partie intégrante du rite et de la dévotion au dieu.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le plus frappant pour le visiteur est certainement de voir la joie, la solidarité et le dynamisme qui anime les dévots mais également l\'ensemble des volontaires (membres d\'une association, entreprises ou particuliers) qui soutiennent les premiers en leur offrant, tout au long du chemin, de la nourriture (fruits, chana puri, ladoo, etc). Tout cela accompagné de chants, rires et musique. Enfin, signalons aussi le fait que différentes communautés de différentes confessions religieuses participent également au pèlerinage, à Maurice, emportés par la bonne humeur ambiante ainsi que leur propre curiosité, ceci dans la plus grande tolérance.\r\n\r\n- Une fois arrivé, chacun va, au fil des heures, se reposer, se restaurer, se désaltérer mais aussi et surtout, rendre hommage à Shiva par le biais de multiples <em>puja </em>(prières), offrandes, méditation à l\'écoute des prières et lectures de textes sacrés faites par les pandits<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> et, enfin, verser l\'eau sacrée sur le lingam. Cette étape indispensable se poursuit également au sein du foyer, les pèlerins rapportant un peu de l\'eau du lac sacré, chez eux, pour le verser à nouveau sur leur représentation personnelle du dieu Shiva lors de futures prières.\r\n\r\n- Enfin, la journée qui suit Maha Shivaratree, chaque dévot devra se rendre au temple pour effectuer quatre sessions de prières qui ont déjà commencé pendant la nuit et seront faites uniquement à Grand Bassin pour certains :\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n- 1ère session : de 6 à 9h.\r\n\r\n- 2ème session : 9 à 12h\r\n\r\n- 3ème session : 12 à 15h\r\n\r\n- 4ème session : 15h à 6h.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi s\'achève la grande nuit de Shiva à Maurice, dans la joie et la sérénité, chacun gardant secrète la bénédiction que Shiva a bien voulu lui accorder...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Cf Amaury de Riencourt, 1985 - <em>L\'âme de l\'Inde, </em>p. 15 et pp. 126-226. On retrouve cette division tripartique du divin dans d\'autres cultures et religions comme le taoisme ou le christianisme.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Ce terme désigne, dans l\'hindouisme, l\'énergie féminine, le principe actif et extériorisé d\'une divinité masculine. Le <em>shaktisme</em> est aussi un courant tantrique de l\'Inde dont on retrouve les premières références littéraires au VIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Cf le <em>Dictionnaire Héritage du Sansrit</em> de Gérard Huet.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Rappelons d\'ailleurs que Shiva est un dieu androgyne.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Le lait est considéré comme un élément et un aliment pur pour les hindous. Cf la rubrique côté cusine.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Cette confection du <em>kanwar</em> donnait lieu, à Maurice, jusqu\'à très récemment, à une compétition, présidée par un comité, qui visait à élire le plus beau <em>Kanwar. </em>Toutefois, celle-ci a été abandonnée pour des raisons évidentes puisqu\'elle éloignait les dévots du but premier du pèlerinage purement spirituel.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Fait référence à l\'ancien Royaume de Kashi devenu la Principauté de Bénarès en 1740 et lieu de résidence de Kashi Naresh, chef religieux du XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle, considéré comme une incarnation de Shiva.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Pour de plus amples informations, je vous invite à lire l\'ouvrage d\'Alexandre Astier, 2013 - <em>L\'hindouisme </em>; Paris : Eyrolles, 220p.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Prêtes hindous.','Maha shivaratree','','inherit','closed','closed','','1544-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 09:22:23','2018-03-12 05:22:23','',1544,'http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/2018/03/12/1544-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1549,2,'2018-03-12 11:58:48','2018-03-12 07:58:48','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\r\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <strong><em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <strong><em>Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em></strong>\r\n\r\n\"La fête de l\'indépendance est une date qui m\'est chère, elle représente pour moi l\'anniversaire de mon pays... Et aujourd\'hui pour ma petite île, c\'est 50 ans d\'autonomie, ou elle a pu se développer, se fortifier, affirmer sa personnalité... et cela me rend fier, fier d\'en être arrivé là, après seulement 50 ans. C\'est déjà un demi siècle d<span lang=\"en-US\">\'existence, c\'est énorme et rien à la fois, mais on peut faire le premier point sur le chemin parcouru depuis ce 12 mars 1968 où ma patrie est née\". <strong><em>Sébastien, 16 ans, Trou aux Biches, mars 2018.</em></strong></span>\r\n\r\n\"À chaque 12 mars, j\'éprouve les mêmes sentiments. Un mélange de mélancolie, de tristesse et de gaieté. Mon père est né à Maurice alors que ma mère a pris naissance sur l\'île de Diego Garcia aux Chagos. Quand je pense que le pays de mon père a vendu celui de ma mère pour obtenir son indépendance, il est difficile d\'être complètement heureuse de cette vérité de l\'histoire. En même temps, Maurice reste ma terre bien aimée, le pays ou je suis né, le pays ou j\'ai choisi de rester ( car j\'aurai pu partir vivre en Angleterre détenant un passport britannique). C\'est aussi le pays où j\'ai construit ma famille étant maman de deux enfants. Alors si j\'ai un souhait à faire à l\'occasion de ces 50 ans, ce serait que Maurice et les Mauriciens soient aux côtés des Chagossiens pour que ce peuple retourne sur leur terre. C\'est un droit. Et c\'est légitime. Que notre quadricolore flotte haut, et qu\'il soit un symbole de réconciliation. Anou garde lespwar. Bon fet tou dimoun\". <strong><em>Michaëlla Séblin, 44 ans, Vacoas, mars 2018.</em></strong>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photo de Ruthsy Lajoie. Caudan, Port-Louis, 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','50ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance','','publish','open','open','','evenement-festif','','','2018-03-14 16:24:14','2018-03-14 12:24:14','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1549',0,'post','',0),(1550,2,'2018-03-12 11:58:48','2018-03-12 07:58:48','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <em>Aliya, 30 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n\"\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','Evènement festif','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 11:58:48','2018-03-12 07:58:48','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1549-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1551,2,'2018-03-12 11:59:47','2018-03-12 07:59:47','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\r\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <em>Aliya, 30 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n\"\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','Evènement festif','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 11:59:47','2018-03-12 07:59:47','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1549-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1552,2,'2018-03-25 16:01:37','2018-03-25 12:01:37','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\n<strong> </strong>\n\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <strong><em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em></strong>\n\n \n\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <strong><em>Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em></strong>\n\n\"La fête de l\'indépendance est une date qui m\'est chère, elle représente pour moi l\'anniversaire de mon pays... Et aujourd\'hui pour ma petite île, c\'est 50 ans d\'autonomie, ou elle a pu se développer, se fortifier, affirmer sa personnalité... et cela me rend fier, fier d\'en être arrivé là, après seulement 50 ans. C\'est déjà un demi siècle d<span lang=\"en-US\">\'existence, c\'est énorme et rien à la fois, mais on peut faire le premier point sur le chemin parcouru depuis ce 12 mars 1968 où ma patrie est née\". <strong><em>Sébastien, 16 ans, Trou aux Biches, mars 2018.</em></strong></span>\n\n\"À chaque 12 mars, j\'éprouve les mêmes sentiments. Un mélange de mélancolie, de tristesse et de gaieté. Mon père est né à Maurice alors que ma mère a pris naissance sur l\'île de Diego Garcia aux Chagos. Quand je pense que le pays de mon père a vendu celui de ma mère pour obtenir son indépendance, il est difficile d\'être complètement heureuse de cette vérité de l\'histoire. En même temps, Maurice reste ma terre bien aimée, le pays ou je suis né, le pays ou j\'ai choisi de rester ( car j\'aurai pu partir vivre en Angleterre détenant un passport britannique). C\'est aussi le pays où j\'ai construit ma famille étant maman de deux enfants. Alors si j\'ai un souhait à faire à l\'occasion de ces 50 ans, ce serait que Maurice et les Mauriciens soient aux côtés des Chagossiens pour que ce peuple retourne sur leur terre. C\'est un droit. Et c\'est légitime. Que notre quadricolore flotte haut, et qu\'il soit un symbole de réconciliation. Anou garde lespwar. Bon fet tou dimoun\". <strong><em>Michaëlla Séblin, 44 ans, Vacoas, mars 2018.</em></strong>\n\n\"Nou Maurice, nou lile ti gagne lindependance le 12 mars 1968, sa zour la li n jour bien important pou tou bane mauricien. Zot tu met zot pavion partu partu avek n fierter, nou bane mauricien nu gagne locassion get bane pilot professionel fer acrobat dan l\'air. Sa montre nu kombien nou pays pe fer progres depi lin gagne independance. Mo esperé nou pays contine faire progres koum sa mem, ENSAM LAMIN DAN LAMIN NOU AVANCER, ENN SEL NATION, ENN SEL LEPEP, NOU PAYS NOU FIERTÉ!\" <em><strong>Bhavesh, </strong></em><strong>25 ans, Triolet. mars 2018.</strong>\n\n<em> </em>\n\n \n\n<em>Photo de Ruthsy Lajoie. Caudan, Port-Louis, 2018.</em>\n\n \n\n \n\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\n\n \n\n \n\n<strong> </strong>','50ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-25 16:01:37','2018-03-25 12:01:37','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1549-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1554,2,'2018-03-12 12:01:21','2018-03-12 08:01:21','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\r\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <em>Aliya, 30 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n\"\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','Événement festif','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:01:21','2018-03-12 08:01:21','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1549-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1555,2,'2018-03-12 17:00:41','2018-03-12 13:00:41','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Cinquantenaire de l\'Indépendance : des muffins aux couleurs de Maurice!</strong></h1>\r\nEn ce jour particulier et festif du 50 ème anniversaire de l\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice, Aruna, de Poudre d\'Or, Hamlet, a créé une recette particulièrement originale de Muffins pour rendre hommage à son pays, à travers les couleurs du drapeau mauricien. Elle nous fait le privilège de partager, aujourd\'hui, cette recette avec nous. Miam!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photos Aruna, Pourdre d\'Or.</em>\r\n\r\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">In</span><span style=\"color: #000080;\">gré<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\">die</span><span style=\"color: #339966;\">n</span></span><span style=\"color: #339966;\">ts</span> :</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>5oeufs</li>\r\n <li>200 g de sucre</li>\r\n <li>250 g de farine (self raising)</li>\r\n <li>200 g de beurre fondu</li>\r\n <li>Pépites de chocolat</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\" Mélanger le sucre et les œufs jusqu\'à obtention d\'une mixture onctueuse. Ajouter alors la farine, mélanger et ajouter le beurre. Mélanger de nouveau. Une fois que la pâte est bien mélangée, ajouter les pépites de chocolat. Personnellement, j\'ajoute quelques touches personnelles comme du chocolat fondu ou des zestes d\'orange. Verser ensuite le mélange obtenu dans de petits moules à muffins et enfournez pour environ 20-30 min (selon si four à chaleur tournante ou non) à 180 °C. Vérifier la cuisson à l\'aide de la lame d\'un couteau. Celle-ci doit ressortir sèche si le gâteau est cuit. Voilà, c\'est prêt!\" <em>Aruna, Poudre d\'Or, Hamlet.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1579\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121039873028-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"265\" height=\"150\" /><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1581\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121039913029-1-167x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"154\" height=\"277\" /><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1582\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121040473043-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"273\" height=\"154\" />','Muffins aux couleurs de Maurice','','publish','open','open','','un-jour-une-recette','','','2018-03-14 17:21:54','2018-03-14 13:21:54','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1555',0,'post','',2),(1561,1,'2018-03-12 12:16:46','2018-03-12 08:16:46','[contact-form-7 id=\"1375\" title=\"Contact form 1\"]','Contacts','','inherit','closed','closed','','17-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:16:46','2018-03-12 08:16:46','',17,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/17-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1563,2,'2018-03-12 12:25:41','2018-03-12 08:25:41','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Cinquantenaire de l\'Indépendance : des muffins aux couleurs de Maurice!</strong></h1>\r\nEn ce jour particulier et festif du 50 ème anniversaire de l\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice, Aruna, de Poudre d\'Or, Hamlet, a créé une recette particulièrement originale de Muffins pour rendre hommage à son pays, à travers les couleurs du drapeau mauricien. Elle nous fait le privilège de partager, aujourd\'hui, cette recette avec nous. Miam!\r\n\r\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">In</span><span style=\"color: #000080;\">gré<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\">die</span><span style=\"color: #339966;\">n</span></span><span style=\"color: #339966;\">ts</span> :</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>5oeufs</li>\r\n <li>200 g de sucre</li>\r\n <li>250 g de farine (self raising)</li>\r\n <li>200 g de beurre fondu</li>\r\n <li>Pépites de chocolat</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\" Mélanger le sucre et les œufs jusqu\'à obtention d\'une mixture onctueuse. Ajouter alors la farine, mélanger et ajouter le beurre. Mélanger de nouveau. Une fois que la pâte est bien mélangée, ajouter les pépites de chocolat. Personnellement, j\'ajoute quelques touches personnelles comme du chocolat fondu ou des zestes d\'orange. Verser ensuite le mélange obtenu dans de petits moules à muffins et enfournez pour environ 20-30 min (selon si four à chaleur tournante ou non) à 180 °C. Vérifier la cuisson à l\'aide de la lame d\'un couteau. Celle-ci doit ressortir sèche si le gâteau est cuit. Voilà, c\'est prêt!\" <em>Aruna, Poudre d\'Or, Hamlet.</em>','Un jour, une recette','','inherit','closed','closed','','1555-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:25:41','2018-03-12 08:25:41','',1555,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1555-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1564,2,'2018-03-12 12:27:51','2018-03-12 08:27:51','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\r\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <em>Aliya, 30 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n\"\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','50ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:27:51','2018-03-12 08:27:51','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1549-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1565,2,'2018-03-12 12:35:01','2018-03-12 08:35:01','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\r\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <em>Aliya, 30 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photo de Ruthsy Lajoie. Caudan, Port-Louis, 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','50ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:35:01','2018-03-12 08:35:01','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1549-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1566,1,'2018-03-12 12:45:05','2018-03-12 08:45:05',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1566','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1566',4,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1567,2,'2018-03-12 12:45:20','2018-03-12 08:45:20','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>La fête nationale mauricienne ou fête de l\'ind</strong><strong>épendance</strong></p>\r\n \r\n\r\nLa fête nationale mauricienne a lieu chaque 12 mars afin de célébrer l\'accès à l\'indépendance de l\'île le 12 mars 1968. Tour à tour hollandaise, française puis britannique, l\'île accède à l\'indépendance politique et économique après le référendum du 7 août 1967 où le \"oui\" l\'emporte à 56% des voix. Certains Mauriciens regrettent néanmoins ce choix, comme les Rodriguais qui ont voté par la négative à la majorité, mais surtout les Chagossiens qui perdirent définitivement leur île et le droit d\'y séjourner, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam ayant du sacrifier Les Chagos - au profit des États-Unis qui en font une base militaire - afin d\'obtenir l\'accès à l\'indépendance pour son pays.\r\n\r\nLe pays est désormais une république à part entière, depuis 1992, qui a toutefois conservé le système parlementaire de type britannique, faisant toujours partie du Commonwealth. Démocratie stable, le pays attire aujourd\'hui de nombreux investisseurs étrangers participant ainsi à sa prospérité. Depuis le V<sup>ème </sup>sommet de 1993, Maurice fait également partie de la Francophonie.\r\n\r\nEn 2018, l\'Île Maurice fête le cinquantenaire de son indépendance, l\'occasion pour le peuple mauricien de faire le bilan du chemin parcouru, d\'être fier de ce qu\'il a accompli et de viser toujours plus haut pour l\'avenir, uni, volontaire et confiant...\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Symbolique du drapeau mauricien</u></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 size-266x266\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Drapeau-Moris.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nLe drapeau mauricien est constitué de quatre bandes de même proportion et de couleurs différentes. Chaque couleur a une signification particulière.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><em>Le rouge : </em></strong></span>couleur des flamboyants. Il représente également le foyer d\'incendie aux quatre phares de l\'horizon et le sang répandu par les aïeux.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><em>Le Bleu : </em></strong></span>la couleur de l\'Océan Indien et le bleu du ciel.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\"><strong><em>Le jaune : </em></strong></span>couleur du sable et du soleil.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><em>Le vert : </em></strong></span>couleur de la nature luxuriante ainsi que les champs de canne à sucre qui recouvre une grande partie de l\'Île et qui reste un pilier important de l\'économie mauricienne.\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Les Pavillons</u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nPavillon civil\r\n\r\nPavillon d\'État\r\n\r\nPavillon de guerre\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u>Hymne national mauricien : </u></strong><strong><em>Motherland</em></strong>\r\n\r\nécrit par Jean-Georges Prosper et composé par Philippe Gentil (1968).\r\n\r\nGlory to thee, Motherland\r\nO motherland of mine.\r\nSweet is thy beauty,\r\nSweet is thy fragrance,\r\nAround thee we gather\r\nAs one people,\r\nAs one nation,\r\nIn peace, justice and liberty.\r\nBeloved Country,\r\nMay God bless thee\r\nFor ever and ever.','La fête nationale mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1533-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:45:20','2018-03-12 08:45:20','',1533,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1533-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1568,2,'2018-03-12 12:46:07','2018-03-12 08:46:07','','PavillonCivil','','inherit','open','closed','','pavilloncivil','','','2018-03-12 12:46:07','2018-03-12 08:46:07','',1533,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonCivil.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(1569,2,'2018-03-12 12:47:58','2018-03-12 08:47:58','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>La fête nationale mauricienne ou fête de l\'ind</strong><strong>épendance</strong></p>\n \n\nLa fête nationale mauricienne a lieu chaque 12 mars afin de célébrer l\'accès à l\'indépendance de l\'île le 12 mars 1968. Tour à tour hollandaise, française puis britannique, l\'île accède à l\'indépendance politique et économique après le référendum du 7 août 1967 où le \"oui\" l\'emporte à 56% des voix. Certains Mauriciens regrettent néanmoins ce choix, comme les Rodriguais qui ont voté par la négative à la majorité, mais surtout les Chagossiens qui perdirent définitivement leur île et le droit d\'y séjourner, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam ayant du sacrifier Les Chagos - au profit des États-Unis qui en font une base militaire - afin d\'obtenir l\'accès à l\'indépendance pour son pays.\n\nLe pays est désormais une république à part entière, depuis 1992, qui a toutefois conservé le système parlementaire de type britannique, faisant toujours partie du Commonwealth. Démocratie stable, le pays attire aujourd\'hui de nombreux investisseurs étrangers participant ainsi à sa prospérité. Depuis le V<sup>ème </sup>sommet de 1993, Maurice fait également partie de la Francophonie.\n\nEn 2018, l\'Île Maurice fête le cinquantenaire de son indépendance, l\'occasion pour le peuple mauricien de faire le bilan du chemin parcouru, d\'être fier de ce qu\'il a accompli et de viser toujours plus haut pour l\'avenir, uni, volontaire et confiant...\n\n<strong><u>Symbolique du drapeau mauricien</u></strong>\n\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 size-266x266\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Drapeau-Moris.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\" />\n\nLe drapeau mauricien est constitué de quatre bandes de même proportion et de couleurs différentes. Chaque couleur a une signification particulière.\n\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><em>Le rouge : </em></strong></span>couleur des flamboyants. Il représente également le foyer d\'incendie aux quatre phares de l\'horizon et le sang répandu par les aïeux.\n\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><em>Le Bleu : </em></strong></span>la couleur de l\'Océan Indien et le bleu du ciel.\n\n<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\"><strong><em>Le jaune : </em></strong></span>couleur du sable et du soleil.\n\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><em>Le vert : </em></strong></span>couleur de la nature luxuriante ainsi que les champs de canne à sucre qui recouvre une grande partie de l\'Île et qui reste un pilier important de l\'économie mauricienne.\n\n<strong><u>Les Pavillons</u></strong>\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1568\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonCivil-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\n\nPavillon civil\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1570\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Pavillon-dEtat-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\n\nPavillon d\'État\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1571\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonGuerre-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\n\nPavillon de guerre\n\n \n\n<strong><u>Hymne national mauricien : </u></strong><strong><em>Motherland</em></strong>\n\nécrit par Jean-Georges Prosper et composé par Philippe Gentil (1968).\n\nGlory to thee, Motherland\nO motherland of mine.\nSweet is thy beauty,\nSweet is thy fragrance,\nAround thee we gather\nAs one people,\nAs one nation,\nIn peace, justice and liberty.\nBeloved Country,\nMay God bless thee\nFor ever and ever.','La fête nationale mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1533-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:47:58','2018-03-12 08:47:58','',1533,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1533-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1570,2,'2018-03-12 12:46:56','2018-03-12 08:46:56','','Pavillon d\'Etat','','inherit','open','closed','','pavillon-detat','','','2018-03-12 12:46:56','2018-03-12 08:46:56','',1533,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Pavillon-dEtat.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(1571,2,'2018-03-12 12:47:45','2018-03-12 08:47:45','','PavillonGuerre','','inherit','open','closed','','pavillonguerre','','','2018-03-12 12:47:45','2018-03-12 08:47:45','',1533,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonGuerre.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(1572,2,'2018-03-12 12:48:29','2018-03-12 08:48:29','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>La fête nationale mauricienne ou fête de l\'ind</strong><strong>épendance</strong></p>\r\n \r\n\r\nLa fête nationale mauricienne a lieu chaque 12 mars afin de célébrer l\'accès à l\'indépendance de l\'île le 12 mars 1968. Tour à tour hollandaise, française puis britannique, l\'île accède à l\'indépendance politique et économique après le référendum du 7 août 1967 où le \"oui\" l\'emporte à 56% des voix. Certains Mauriciens regrettent néanmoins ce choix, comme les Rodriguais qui ont voté par la négative à la majorité, mais surtout les Chagossiens qui perdirent définitivement leur île et le droit d\'y séjourner, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam ayant du sacrifier Les Chagos - au profit des États-Unis qui en font une base militaire - afin d\'obtenir l\'accès à l\'indépendance pour son pays.\r\n\r\nLe pays est désormais une république à part entière, depuis 1992, qui a toutefois conservé le système parlementaire de type britannique, faisant toujours partie du Commonwealth. Démocratie stable, le pays attire aujourd\'hui de nombreux investisseurs étrangers participant ainsi à sa prospérité. Depuis le V<sup>ème </sup>sommet de 1993, Maurice fait également partie de la Francophonie.\r\n\r\nEn 2018, l\'Île Maurice fête le cinquantenaire de son indépendance, l\'occasion pour le peuple mauricien de faire le bilan du chemin parcouru, d\'être fier de ce qu\'il a accompli et de viser toujours plus haut pour l\'avenir, uni, volontaire et confiant...\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Symbolique du drapeau mauricien</u></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 size-266x266\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Drapeau-Moris.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nLe drapeau mauricien est constitué de quatre bandes de même proportion et de couleurs différentes. Chaque couleur a une signification particulière.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><em>Le rouge : </em></strong></span>couleur des flamboyants. Il représente également le foyer d\'incendie aux quatre phares de l\'horizon et le sang répandu par les aïeux.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><em>Le Bleu : </em></strong></span>la couleur de l\'Océan Indien et le bleu du ciel.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\"><strong><em>Le jaune : </em></strong></span>couleur du sable et du soleil.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><em>Le vert : </em></strong></span>couleur de la nature luxuriante ainsi que les champs de canne à sucre qui recouvre une grande partie de l\'Île et qui reste un pilier important de l\'économie mauricienne.\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Les Pavillons</u></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1568\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonCivil-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon civil\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1570\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Pavillon-dEtat-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon d\'État\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1571\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonGuerre-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon de guerre\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Hymne national mauricien : </u></strong><strong><em>Motherland</em></strong>\r\n\r\nécrit par Jean-Georges Prosper et composé par Philippe Gentil (1968).\r\n\r\nGlory to thee, Motherland\r\nO motherland of mine.\r\nSweet is thy beauty,\r\nSweet is thy fragrance,\r\nAround thee we gather\r\nAs one people,\r\nAs one nation,\r\nIn peace, justice and liberty.\r\nBeloved Country,\r\nMay God bless thee\r\nFor ever and ever.','La fête nationale mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1533-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:48:29','2018-03-12 08:48:29','',1533,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1533-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1573,2,'2018-03-12 12:49:02','2018-03-12 08:49:02','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>La fête nationale mauricienne ou fête de l\'ind</strong><strong>épendance</strong></h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"></p>\r\nLa fête nationale mauricienne a lieu chaque 12 mars afin de célébrer l\'accès à l\'indépendance de l\'île le 12 mars 1968. Tour à tour hollandaise, française puis britannique, l\'île accède à l\'indépendance politique et économique après le référendum du 7 août 1967 où le \"oui\" l\'emporte à 56% des voix. Certains Mauriciens regrettent néanmoins ce choix, comme les Rodriguais qui ont voté par la négative à la majorité, mais surtout les Chagossiens qui perdirent définitivement leur île et le droit d\'y séjourner, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam ayant du sacrifier Les Chagos - au profit des États-Unis qui en font une base militaire - afin d\'obtenir l\'accès à l\'indépendance pour son pays.\r\n\r\nLe pays est désormais une république à part entière, depuis 1992, qui a toutefois conservé le système parlementaire de type britannique, faisant toujours partie du Commonwealth. Démocratie stable, le pays attire aujourd\'hui de nombreux investisseurs étrangers participant ainsi à sa prospérité. Depuis le V<sup>ème </sup>sommet de 1993, Maurice fait également partie de la Francophonie.\r\n\r\nEn 2018, l\'Île Maurice fête le cinquantenaire de son indépendance, l\'occasion pour le peuple mauricien de faire le bilan du chemin parcouru, d\'être fier de ce qu\'il a accompli et de viser toujours plus haut pour l\'avenir, uni, volontaire et confiant...\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Symbolique du drapeau mauricien</u></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 size-266x266\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Drapeau-Moris.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nLe drapeau mauricien est constitué de quatre bandes de même proportion et de couleurs différentes. Chaque couleur a une signification particulière.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><em>Le rouge : </em></strong></span>couleur des flamboyants. Il représente également le foyer d\'incendie aux quatre phares de l\'horizon et le sang répandu par les aïeux.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><em>Le Bleu : </em></strong></span>la couleur de l\'Océan Indien et le bleu du ciel.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\"><strong><em>Le jaune : </em></strong></span>couleur du sable et du soleil.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><em>Le vert : </em></strong></span>couleur de la nature luxuriante ainsi que les champs de canne à sucre qui recouvre une grande partie de l\'Île et qui reste un pilier important de l\'économie mauricienne.\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Les Pavillons</u></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1568\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonCivil-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon civil\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1570\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Pavillon-dEtat-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon d\'État\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1571\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PavillonGuerre-300x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" />\r\n\r\nPavillon de guerre\r\n\r\n<strong><u>Hymne national mauricien : </u></strong><strong><em>Motherland</em></strong>\r\n\r\nécrit par Jean-Georges Prosper et composé par Philippe Gentil (1968).\r\n\r\nGlory to thee, Motherland\r\nO motherland of mine.\r\nSweet is thy beauty,\r\nSweet is thy fragrance,\r\nAround thee we gather\r\nAs one people,\r\nAs one nation,\r\nIn peace, justice and liberty.\r\nBeloved Country,\r\nMay God bless thee\r\nFor ever and ever.','La fête nationale mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1533-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:49:02','2018-03-12 08:49:02','',1533,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1533-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1574,2,'2018-03-12 12:57:12','2018-03-12 08:57:12','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n<h2><strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong></h2>\r\n<strong><em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em></strong>\r\n\r\nBien que l\'île servit d\'escale aux Portugais lors de leur conquête des comptoirs arabes de la côte africaine de l\'Océan Indien, C\'est véritablement au XVI ème siècle que ce petit bout de terre voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île fut essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde. A titre indicatif, à la fin du XVIIème siècle, vivaient environ 200 hollandais et entre 500 et 1000 esclaves, dont les descendants, majoritairement métissés, constitue la communauté créole mauricienne.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"377\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Prince Maurice de Nassau, Prince d\'Orange. https://www.wikiart.org/en/john-riley/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange</em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\r\n\r\n<em>La période française</em>\r\n\r\nLes Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\r\n\r\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\r\n\r\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\r\n\r\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\r\n\r\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\r\n\r\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\r\n\r\n<em>Occupation britannique</em>\r\n\r\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\r\n\r\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\r\n\r\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\r\n\r\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\r\n<h2><strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong></h2>\r\nIl n\'y a pas de peuple autochtone lorsque les Européens foulent le sol de cette île des Mascareignes. On devrait parler donc parler de peuplement plutôt que de colonisation tout comme ce fut le cas à la Réunion.\r\n\r\nLes groupes ethniques en présence sont donc, dès l\'origine, <strong>européens</strong>, à savoir <strong>Hollandais</strong>, <strong>Français</strong> puis <strong>Britanniques</strong>, puis d\'<strong>origine africaine</strong> avec l\'introduction d\'esclaves dans l\'île. Mentionnons cependant que tous les individus originaires du continent africain, et alors présents dans l\'île, n\'étaient pas des esclaves. En effet....\r\n\r\nBeaucoup d\'<strong>indiens</strong> sont également présents sur l\'île dès la période française, du fait notamment de la présence française à Pondichéry. L\'ethnie majoritairement représentée est alors <strong>tamoule</strong> et exerce surtout le métier de commerçant mais si certains se spécialisent dans la culture de la canne et deviennent de grands propriétaires terriens.\r\n\r\nDès 1835 et jusqu\'à 1865, sous présence britannique, afin de compenser le manque de main d\'oeuvre suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage, 200 000<strong> immigrants indiens et chinois</strong> arrivèrent à Maurice et modifièrent de manière radicale et irréversible, la composition ethnique de la population mauricienne. Les travailleurs engagés indiens ou <strong><em>Coolies</em></strong> représentèrent dès lors la majorité de la main d\'oeuvre agricole puis rapidement le groupe ethnique majoritaire dans le pays. Les Chinois, quant à eux, se spécialisèrent, dès leur arrivée, dans les activités commerçantes. Depuis plus d\'une trentaine d\'années, Maurice favorise également la venue d\'investisseurs étrangers et expatriés des quatre coins du monde (notamment grâce à son programme d\'expatriation qui attire de nombreux retraités européens) qui viennent enrichir la culture locale.\r\n<h2>Une identité basée sur la langue.</h2>\r\nBien que le créole ne soit pas une langue à proprement dit mais un dialecte, il est parlé par l\'ensemble des Mauriciens. Véritable lien unificateur, il dérive de l\'ancien français et c\'est enrichi du vocabulaire d\'autres langues, au fil des migrations, comme le <em>Bhojpuri</em> ou <em>l\'anglais</em>.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, Maurice est un pays multiculturel, qui continue son développement et la construction de son identité.\r\n<h2></h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 12:57:12','2018-03-12 08:57:12','',7,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1575,2,'2018-03-12 13:14:50','2018-03-12 09:14:50','<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Port-Louis, deux siècles d\'histoire, 1735-1935</h2>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Auguste Toussaint</h2>\r\nRéédité en 2013 par les Éditions Vizavi, ce livre d\'histoire écrit par Auguste Toussaint, célèbre historien mauricien du XXème siècle, est un véritable trésor de connaissances et informations détaillées pour tous les amateurs d\'histoire et autres passionnés de l\'histoire de l\'île.\r\n\r\nL\'auteur nous retrace la fondation de la capitale Port-Louis, à travers les hommes et les femmes qui lui ont donné vie, au fur et à mesure du peuplement de l\'île. Récit réaliste et riche en illustrations et autres documents historiques, il est également poignant par les angoisses, les espoirs, les peurs et les désirs qu\'il nous fait partager de ces nouveaux mauriciens qui venaient rêver un nouveau monde à bâtir.\r\n\r\nBel hommage posthume que lui ont rendu les Éditions Vizavi en le republiant et en permettant aux Mauriciens d\'aujourd\'hui, aux étrangers, aux chercheurs, et surtout à la nouvelle génération, de découvrir ce travail de mémoire si précieux pour aujourd\'hui et demain.\r\n\r\nÀ lire absolument!\r\n\r\n ','Livres','','publish','closed','closed','','livres','','','2018-03-12 15:24:15','2018-03-12 11:24:15','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1575',0,'page','',0),(1576,2,'2018-03-12 13:14:50','2018-03-12 09:14:50','<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Port-Louis, deux siècles d\'histoire, 1735-1935</h2>\r\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Auguste Toussaint</h2>\r\nRéédité en 2013 par les Éditions Vizavi, ce livre d\'histoire écrit par Auguste Toussaint, célèbre historien mauricien du XXème siècle, est un véritable trésor de connaissances et informations détaillées pour tous les amateurs d\'histoire et autres passionnés de l\'histoire de l\'île.\r\n\r\nL\'auteur nous retrace la fondation de la capitale Port-Louis, à travers les hommes et les femmes qui lui ont donné vie, au fur et à mesure du peuplement de l\'île. Récit réaliste et riche en illustrations et autres documents historiques, il est également poignant par les angoisses, les espoirs, les peurs et les désirs qu\'il nous fait partager de ces nouveaux mauriciens qui venaient rêver un nouveau monde à bâtir.\r\n\r\nBel hommage posthume que lui ont rendu les Éditions Vizavi en le republiant et en permettant aux Mauriciens d\'aujourd\'hui, aux étrangers, aux chercheurs, et surtout à la nouvelle génération, de découvrir ce travail de mémoire si précieux pour aujourd\'hui et demain.\r\n\r\nÀ lire absolument!\r\n\r\n ','Livres','','inherit','closed','closed','','1575-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 13:14:50','2018-03-12 09:14:50','',1575,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1575-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1577,2,'2018-03-12 13:20:39','2018-03-12 09:20:39','','received_10213121040513044','','inherit','open','closed','','received_10213121040513044','','','2018-03-12 13:20:39','2018-03-12 09:20:39','',1555,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121040513044.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1579,2,'2018-03-12 13:21:26','2018-03-12 09:21:26','','received_10213121039873028','','inherit','open','closed','','received_10213121039873028','','','2018-03-12 13:21:26','2018-03-12 09:21:26','',1555,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121039873028.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1581,2,'2018-03-12 13:22:17','2018-03-12 09:22:17','','received_10213121039913029 (1)','','inherit','open','closed','','received_10213121039913029-1','','','2018-03-12 13:22:17','2018-03-12 09:22:17','',1555,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121039913029-1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1582,2,'2018-03-12 13:22:55','2018-03-12 09:22:55','','received_10213121040473043','','inherit','open','closed','','received_10213121040473043','','','2018-03-12 13:22:55','2018-03-12 09:22:55','',1555,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121040473043.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1585,2,'2018-03-12 13:24:06','2018-03-12 09:24:06','','received_10213121040273038','','inherit','open','closed','','received_10213121040273038','','','2018-03-12 13:24:06','2018-03-12 09:24:06','',1555,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121040273038.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1586,2,'2018-03-12 13:27:31','2018-03-12 09:27:31','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Cinquantenaire de l\'Indépendance : des muffins aux couleurs de Maurice!</strong></h1>\r\nEn ce jour particulier et festif du 50 ème anniversaire de l\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice, Aruna, de Poudre d\'Or, Hamlet, a créé une recette particulièrement originale de Muffins pour rendre hommage à son pays, à travers les couleurs du drapeau mauricien. Elle nous fait le privilège de partager, aujourd\'hui, cette recette avec nous. Miam!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photos Aruna, Pourdre d\'Or.</em>\r\n\r\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">In</span><span style=\"color: #000080;\">gré<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\">die</span><span style=\"color: #339966;\">n</span></span><span style=\"color: #339966;\">ts</span> :</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>5oeufs</li>\r\n <li>200 g de sucre</li>\r\n <li>250 g de farine (self raising)</li>\r\n <li>200 g de beurre fondu</li>\r\n <li>Pépites de chocolat</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\" Mélanger le sucre et les œufs jusqu\'à obtention d\'une mixture onctueuse. Ajouter alors la farine, mélanger et ajouter le beurre. Mélanger de nouveau. Une fois que la pâte est bien mélangée, ajouter les pépites de chocolat. Personnellement, j\'ajoute quelques touches personnelles comme du chocolat fondu ou des zestes d\'orange. Verser ensuite le mélange obtenu dans de petits moules à muffins et enfournez pour environ 20-30 min (selon si four à chaleur tournante ou non) à 180 °C. Vérifier la cuisson à l\'aide de la lame d\'un couteau. Celle-ci doit ressortir sèche si le gâteau est cuit. Voilà, c\'est prêt!\" <em>Aruna, Poudre d\'Or, Hamlet.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1579\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121039873028-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"265\" height=\"150\" /><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1581\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121039913029-1-167x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"154\" height=\"277\" /><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1582\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121040473043-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"273\" height=\"154\" />','Un jour, une recette','','inherit','closed','closed','','1555-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 13:27:31','2018-03-12 09:27:31','',1555,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2018/03/12/1555-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1588,2,'2018-03-12 14:12:03','2018-03-12 10:12:03','','Livre port-Louis','','inherit','open','closed','','livre-port-louis','','','2018-03-12 14:12:03','2018-03-12 10:12:03','',1575,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Livre-port-Louis.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1590,2,'2018-03-12 15:34:12','2018-03-12 11:34:12','<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Tikoulou, un héros mauricien...</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>Facebook Tikoulou Vizavi : </strong><a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi\">https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi</a>\r\n\r\nSuivez les aventures du plus célèbre Mauricien de la littérature pour enfants, <strong><em>Tikoulou</em></strong>, le héros des éditions Vizavi. <em><strong>Tikoulou</strong></em> est un jeune Mauricien sympathique, curieux et dynamique, qui fait découvrir aux enfants de tout âge et de tout continent, son île à travers les multiples ouvrages de la collection ! Suivez toute son actualité en cliquant le lien ci-dessus.\r\n\r\nRetrouvez également les dessins animés mettant en scène Tikoulou sur Youtube et sur le site des\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1593\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1594\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TikoulouFB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"297\" />\r\n\r\nPersonnage créé par l\'éditrice Pascale Sew et illustré par Henry Koombes.\r\n\r\n \r\n<h2>L\'Île Maurice à travers les âges en image!</h2>\r\nC\'est ce que vous propose le site <em>vintage Mauritius </em>en partageant des photos rares et précieuses d\'une Île Maurice d\'un autre temps, véritable trésor d\'une mémoire indispensable pour construire une culture du présent. <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1599\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Vacoas-Train-Station-Double-Deck-Train-300x180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"387\" height=\"232\" />\r\n\r\nChemin de fer, gare de Vavoas. Source : http://vintagemauritius.org/vacoas/vacoas-train-station-and-the-double-deck-train/\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument!\r\n<h2>Zoom sur l\'artisanat mauricien</h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1711\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PaniersMel-300x285.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"228\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1712\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"288\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1713\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/piedstable-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"215\" height=\"287\" />\r\n\r\nMagnifiques créations artisanales et écologiques que vous propose Melissa Leber. Sa vannerie de papier est bien la preuve que l\'on peut allier art et protection de l\'environnement. Cette artiste simple et passionnée vous propose toute une palette d\'objets à la fois décoratifs et utiles au quotidien comme des paniers, dessous de plats ou petites cages à oiseaux décorative...\r\n\r\nUne envie particulière? Melissa vous propose de lui exposer votre projet et le réalise avec vous! Que demander de plus sinon que d\'essayer?\r\n\r\nÀ vos commandes!\r\n\r\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Sites/Blogs/FB','','publish','closed','closed','','sitesblogsfb','','','2018-03-29 14:43:51','2018-03-29 10:43:51','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1590',0,'page','',0),(1593,2,'2018-03-12 15:31:50','2018-03-12 11:31:50','','Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300','','inherit','open','closed','','au-pays-du-dodo-223x300','','','2018-03-12 15:31:50','2018-03-12 11:31:50','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1594,2,'2018-03-12 15:33:28','2018-03-12 11:33:28','','TikoulouFB','','inherit','open','closed','','tikouloufb','','','2018-03-12 15:33:28','2018-03-12 11:33:28','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TikoulouFB.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1595,2,'2018-03-12 15:34:12','2018-03-12 11:34:12','<strong>Facebook Tikoulou Vizavi : </strong><a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi\">https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi</a>\r\n\r\nSuivez les aventures du plus célèbre Mauricien de la littérature pour enfants, <strong><em>Tikoulou</em></strong>, le héros des éditions Vizavi. <em><strong>Tikoulou</strong></em> est un jeune Mauricien sympathique, curieux et dynamique, qui fait découvrir aux enfants de tout âge et de tout continent, son île à travers les multiples ouvrages de la collection !\r\n\r\nRetrouvez également les dessins animés mettant en scène Tikoulou sur Youtube et sur le site des\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1593\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1594\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TikoulouFB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"297\" />\r\n\r\nPersonnage créé par l\'éditrice Pascale Sew et illustré par Henry Koombes','Sites/Blogs/FB','','inherit','closed','closed','','1590-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 15:34:12','2018-03-12 11:34:12','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1590-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1596,2,'2018-03-12 15:35:12','2018-03-12 11:35:12','<strong>Facebook Tikoulou Vizavi : </strong><a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi\">https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi</a>\r\n\r\nSuivez les aventures du plus célèbre Mauricien de la littérature pour enfants, <strong><em>Tikoulou</em></strong>, le héros des éditions Vizavi. <em><strong>Tikoulou</strong></em> est un jeune Mauricien sympathique, curieux et dynamique, qui fait découvrir aux enfants de tout âge et de tout continent, son île à travers les multiples ouvrages de la collection ! Suivez toute son actualité en cliquant le lien ci-dessus.\r\n\r\nRetrouvez également les dessins animés mettant en scène Tikoulou sur Youtube et sur le site des\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1593\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1594\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TikoulouFB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"297\" />\r\n\r\nPersonnage créé par l\'éditrice Pascale Sew et illustré par Henry Koombes','Sites/Blogs/FB','','inherit','closed','closed','','1590-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 15:35:12','2018-03-12 11:35:12','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1590-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1597,2,'2018-03-29 14:27:49','2018-03-29 10:27:49','<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Tikoulou, un héros mauricien...</strong></h2>\n<strong>Facebook Tikoulou Vizavi : </strong><a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi\">https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi</a>\n\nSuivez les aventures du plus célèbre Mauricien de la littérature pour enfants, <strong><em>Tikoulou</em></strong>, le héros des éditions Vizavi. <em><strong>Tikoulou</strong></em> est un jeune Mauricien sympathique, curieux et dynamique, qui fait découvrir aux enfants de tout âge et de tout continent, son île à travers les multiples ouvrages de la collection ! Suivez toute son actualité en cliquant le lien ci-dessus.\n\nRetrouvez également les dessins animés mettant en scène Tikoulou sur Youtube et sur le site des\n\n<a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA</a>\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1593\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1594\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TikoulouFB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"297\" />\n\nPersonnage créé par l\'éditrice Pascale Sew et illustré par Henry Koombes.\n\n \n<h2>L\'Île Maurice à travers les âges en image!</h2>\nC\'est ce que vous propose le site <em>vintage Mauritius </em>en partageant des photos rares et précieuses d\'une Île Maurice d\'un autre temps, véritable trésor d\'une mémoire indispensable pour construire une culture du présent. <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org</a>\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1599\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Vacoas-Train-Station-Double-Deck-Train-300x180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"387\" height=\"232\" />\n\nChemin de fer, gare de Vavoas. Source : http://vintagemauritius.org/vacoas/vacoas-train-station-and-the-double-deck-train/\n\nÀ découvrir absolument!\n<h2>Zoom sur l\'artisanat mauricien</h2>\n \n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1711\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PaniersMel-300x285.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"285\" />\n\nMagnifiques créations artisanales et écologiques que vous propose Melissa Leber. Sa vannerie de papier est bien la preuve que l\'on peut allier art et protection de l\'environnement. Cette artiste simple et passionnée vous propose toute une palette d\'objets à la fois décoratifs et utiles au quotidien comme des paniers, dessous de plats ou petites cages à oiseaux décorative...\n\nUne envie particulière? Melissa vous propose de lui exposer votre projet et le réalise avec vous! Que demander de plus sinon que d\'essayer?\n\nÀ vos commandes!\n\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n ','Sites/Blogs/FB','','inherit','closed','closed','','1590-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-29 14:27:49','2018-03-29 10:27:49','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1590-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1598,2,'2018-03-12 15:36:21','2018-03-12 11:36:21','<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Tikoulou, un héros mauricien...</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>Facebook Tikoulou Vizavi : </strong><a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi\">https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi</a>\r\n\r\nSuivez les aventures du plus célèbre Mauricien de la littérature pour enfants, <strong><em>Tikoulou</em></strong>, le héros des éditions Vizavi. <em><strong>Tikoulou</strong></em> est un jeune Mauricien sympathique, curieux et dynamique, qui fait découvrir aux enfants de tout âge et de tout continent, son île à travers les multiples ouvrages de la collection ! Suivez toute son actualité en cliquant le lien ci-dessus.\r\n\r\nRetrouvez également les dessins animés mettant en scène Tikoulou sur Youtube et sur le site des\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1593\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1594\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TikoulouFB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"297\" />\r\n\r\nPersonnage créé par l\'éditrice Pascale Sew et illustré par Henry Koombes','Sites/Blogs/FB','','inherit','closed','closed','','1590-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 15:36:21','2018-03-12 11:36:21','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1590-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1599,2,'2018-03-12 15:44:05','2018-03-12 11:44:05','','Vacoas-Train-Station-Double-Deck-Train','','inherit','open','closed','','vacoas-train-station-double-deck-train','','','2018-03-12 15:44:05','2018-03-12 11:44:05','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Vacoas-Train-Station-Double-Deck-Train.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1600,2,'2018-03-12 15:45:51','2018-03-12 11:45:51','<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Tikoulou, un héros mauricien...</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>Facebook Tikoulou Vizavi : </strong><a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi\">https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi</a>\r\n\r\nSuivez les aventures du plus célèbre Mauricien de la littérature pour enfants, <strong><em>Tikoulou</em></strong>, le héros des éditions Vizavi. <em><strong>Tikoulou</strong></em> est un jeune Mauricien sympathique, curieux et dynamique, qui fait découvrir aux enfants de tout âge et de tout continent, son île à travers les multiples ouvrages de la collection ! Suivez toute son actualité en cliquant le lien ci-dessus.\r\n\r\nRetrouvez également les dessins animés mettant en scène Tikoulou sur Youtube et sur le site des\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1593\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1594\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TikoulouFB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"297\" />\r\n\r\nPersonnage créé par l\'éditrice Pascale Sew et illustré par Henry Koombes.\r\n\r\n \r\n<h2>L\'Île Maurice à travers les âges en image!</h2>\r\nC\'est ce que vous propose le site <em>vintage Mauritius </em>en partageant des photos rares et précieuses d\'une Île Maurice d\'un autre temps, véritable trésor d\'une mémoire indispensable pour construire une culture du présent. <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1599\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Vacoas-Train-Station-Double-Deck-Train-300x180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"387\" height=\"232\" />\r\n\r\nChemin de fer, gare de Vavoas. Source : http://vintagemauritius.org/vacoas/vacoas-train-station-and-the-double-deck-train/\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument!','Sites/Blogs/FB','','inherit','closed','closed','','1590-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 15:45:51','2018-03-12 11:45:51','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1590-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1601,2,'2018-03-12 15:54:05','2018-03-12 11:54:05','<h2><strong>L\'Aventure du sucre </strong></h2>\r\nUn musée incontournable qui fait découvrir visiteur, non seulement la culture de la canne à sucre, de sa plantation jusqu\'à la fabrication du sucre que l\'on consomme, mais aussi l\'histoire du peuplement de l\'île retracée à travers l\'exploitation de cette plante. Instructive et ludique, la visite du musée s\'achève par la dégustation des différentes variétés de sucre.\r\n\r\n<strong>À ne pas manquer!</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1602\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/3-aventure-du-sucre-ile-maurice-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"372\" height=\"186\" />\r\n\r\nMusée <em>L\'Aventure du sucre</em>, Beau Plan, Pamplemousse. Source <em>vacancesmaurice.com</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><em> Château de Labourdonnais</em></strong>\r\n\r\nSplendide demeure de type coloniale construite en 1856 , appartenant à la famille Wiehe, a été entièrement rénové et est ouverte aux visiteurs, depuis 2006, pour le plus grand plaisir des amateurs d\'architecture et d\'histoire. Des vidéos relatant les souvenirs des mauriciens ayant côtoyer les lieux et la famille, sont un véritable outil de mémoire à la disposition de tous les visiteurs.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1603\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/labourdonnais-un-chateau-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"374\" height=\"248\" />\r\n\r\nChâteau de Labourdonnais, Mapou. Source <em>TripAdvisor.com</em>\r\n\r\nLa table du château offre une halte culinaire des plus délicieuses ainsi que la dégustation des rhums et pâtes de fruits fabriqués à partir des fruits du verger. <strong>À vos papilles!</strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><em>Musée de la photographie</em></strong>\r\n\r\nUn lieu hors norme à Maurice, né de la passion d\'un homme, Tristan Bréville, et de son épouse. Musée privé, le musée de la photographie, situé dans la capitale Port-Louis, offre au visiteur curieux, l\'occasion de découvrir des documents uniques tels que des scènes de ville, des portraits ou encore l\'incroyable collection de plus de 1000 appareils photographiques de diverses époques dont l\'objectif de Charles Chevalier fabriqué pour Daguerre en 1839.\r\n\r\n<strong>Inratable!</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1604\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Port_Louis_Photography_Museum-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'entrée du musée, rue du Vieux conseil, Port-Louis. Source <em>Wikipedia.</em>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>','Musées','','publish','closed','closed','','musees','','','2018-03-12 15:56:52','2018-03-12 11:56:52','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1601',0,'page','',0),(1602,2,'2018-03-12 15:48:23','2018-03-12 11:48:23','','3-aventure du sucre-ile-maurice','','inherit','open','closed','','3-aventure-du-sucre-ile-maurice','','','2018-03-12 15:48:23','2018-03-12 11:48:23','',1601,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/3-aventure-du-sucre-ile-maurice.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1603,2,'2018-03-12 15:50:49','2018-03-12 11:50:49','','labourdonnais-un-chateau','','inherit','open','closed','','labourdonnais-un-chateau','','','2018-03-12 15:50:49','2018-03-12 11:50:49','',1601,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/labourdonnais-un-chateau.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1604,2,'2018-03-12 15:53:32','2018-03-12 11:53:32','','Port_Louis_Photography_Museum','','inherit','open','closed','','port_louis_photography_museum','','','2018-03-12 15:53:32','2018-03-12 11:53:32','',1601,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Port_Louis_Photography_Museum.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1605,2,'2018-03-12 15:54:05','2018-03-12 11:54:05','<h2><strong>L\'Aventure du sucre </strong></h2>\r\nUn musée incontournable qui fait découvrir visiteur, non seulement la culture de la canne à sucre, de sa plantation jusqu\'à la fabrication du sucre que l\'on consomme, mais aussi l\'histoire du peuplement de l\'île retracée à travers l\'exploitation de cette plante. Instructive et ludique, la visite du musée s\'achève par la dégustation des différentes variétés de sucre (). À ne pas manquer!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1602\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/3-aventure-du-sucre-ile-maurice-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"372\" height=\"186\" />\r\n\r\nMusée <em>L\'Aventure du sucre</em>, Beau Plan, Pamplemousse. Source <em>vacancesmaurice.com</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><em> Château de Labourdonnais</em></strong>\r\n\r\nSplendide demeure de type coloniale construite en 1856 , appartenant à la famille Wiehe, a été entièrement rénové et est ouverte aux visiteurs, depuis 2006, pour le plus grand plaisir des amateurs d\'architecture et d\'histoire. Des vidéos relatant les souvenirs des mauriciens ayant côtoyer les lieux et la famille, sont un véritable outil de mémoire à la disposition de tous les visiteurs.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1603\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/labourdonnais-un-chateau-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"374\" height=\"248\" />\r\n\r\nChâteau de Labourdonnais, Mapou. Source <em>TripAdvisor.com</em>\r\n\r\nLa table du château offre une halte culinaire des plus délicieuses ainsi que la dégustation des rhums et pâtes de fruits fabriqués à partir des fruits du verger. À vos papilles!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><em>Musée de la photographie</em></strong>\r\n\r\nUn lieu hors norme à Maurice, né de la passion d\'un homme, Tristan Bréville, et de son épouse. Musée privé, le musée de la photographie, situé dans la capitale Port-Louis, offre au visiteur curieux, l\'occasion de découvrir des documents uniques tels que des scènes de ville, des portraits ou encore l\'incroyable collection de plus de 1000 appareils photographiques de diverses époques dont l\'objectif de Charles Chevalier fabriqué pour Daguerre en 1839.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1604\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Port_Louis_Photography_Museum-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nInratable!\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'entrée du musée, rue du Vieux conseil, Port-Louis. Source <em>Wikipedia.</em>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>','Musées','','inherit','closed','closed','','1601-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 15:54:05','2018-03-12 11:54:05','',1601,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1601-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1606,2,'2018-03-12 15:56:27','2018-03-12 11:56:27','<h2><strong>L\'Aventure du sucre </strong></h2>\nUn musée incontournable qui fait découvrir visiteur, non seulement la culture de la canne à sucre, de sa plantation jusqu\'à la fabrication du sucre que l\'on consomme, mais aussi l\'histoire du peuplement de l\'île retracée à travers l\'exploitation de cette plante. Instructive et ludique, la visite du musée s\'achève par la dégustation des différentes variétés de sucre.\n\n<strong>À ne pas manquer!</strong>\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1602\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/3-aventure-du-sucre-ile-maurice-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"372\" height=\"186\" />\n\nMusée <em>L\'Aventure du sucre</em>, Beau Plan, Pamplemousse. Source <em>vacancesmaurice.com</em>\n\n \n\n<strong><em> Château de Labourdonnais</em></strong>\n\nSplendide demeure de type coloniale construite en 1856 , appartenant à la famille Wiehe, a été entièrement rénové et est ouverte aux visiteurs, depuis 2006, pour le plus grand plaisir des amateurs d\'architecture et d\'histoire. Des vidéos relatant les souvenirs des mauriciens ayant côtoyer les lieux et la famille, sont un véritable outil de mémoire à la disposition de tous les visiteurs.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1603\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/labourdonnais-un-chateau-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"374\" height=\"248\" />\n\nChâteau de Labourdonnais, Mapou. Source <em>TripAdvisor.com</em>\n\nLa table du château offre une halte culinaire des plus délicieuses ainsi que la dégustation des rhums et pâtes de fruits fabriqués à partir des fruits du verger. <strong>À vos papilles!</strong>\n\n \n\n<strong><em>Musée de la photographie</em></strong>\n\nUn lieu hors norme à Maurice, né de la passion d\'un homme, Tristan Bréville, et de son épouse. Musée privé, le musée de la photographie, situé dans la capitale Port-Louis, offre au visiteur curieux, l\'occasion de découvrir des documents uniques tels que des scènes de ville, des portraits ou encore l\'incroyable collection de plus de 1000 appareils photographiques de diverses époques dont l\'objectif de Charles Chevalier fabriqué pour Daguerre en 1839.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1604\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Port_Louis_Photography_Museum-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\n\n<strong>Inratable!</strong>\n\nPhoto de l\'entrée du musée, rue du Vieux conseil, Port-Louis. Source <em>Wikipedia.</em>\n\n<em> </em>','Musées','','inherit','closed','closed','','1601-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-12 15:56:27','2018-03-12 11:56:27','',1601,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1601-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1607,2,'2018-03-12 15:56:52','2018-03-12 11:56:52','<h2><strong>L\'Aventure du sucre </strong></h2>\r\nUn musée incontournable qui fait découvrir visiteur, non seulement la culture de la canne à sucre, de sa plantation jusqu\'à la fabrication du sucre que l\'on consomme, mais aussi l\'histoire du peuplement de l\'île retracée à travers l\'exploitation de cette plante. Instructive et ludique, la visite du musée s\'achève par la dégustation des différentes variétés de sucre.\r\n\r\n<strong>À ne pas manquer!</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1602\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/3-aventure-du-sucre-ile-maurice-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"372\" height=\"186\" />\r\n\r\nMusée <em>L\'Aventure du sucre</em>, Beau Plan, Pamplemousse. Source <em>vacancesmaurice.com</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><em> Château de Labourdonnais</em></strong>\r\n\r\nSplendide demeure de type coloniale construite en 1856 , appartenant à la famille Wiehe, a été entièrement rénové et est ouverte aux visiteurs, depuis 2006, pour le plus grand plaisir des amateurs d\'architecture et d\'histoire. Des vidéos relatant les souvenirs des mauriciens ayant côtoyer les lieux et la famille, sont un véritable outil de mémoire à la disposition de tous les visiteurs.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1603\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/labourdonnais-un-chateau-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"374\" height=\"248\" />\r\n\r\nChâteau de Labourdonnais, Mapou. Source <em>TripAdvisor.com</em>\r\n\r\nLa table du château offre une halte culinaire des plus délicieuses ainsi que la dégustation des rhums et pâtes de fruits fabriqués à partir des fruits du verger. <strong>À vos papilles!</strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><em>Musée de la photographie</em></strong>\r\n\r\nUn lieu hors norme à Maurice, né de la passion d\'un homme, Tristan Bréville, et de son épouse. Musée privé, le musée de la photographie, situé dans la capitale Port-Louis, offre au visiteur curieux, l\'occasion de découvrir des documents uniques tels que des scènes de ville, des portraits ou encore l\'incroyable collection de plus de 1000 appareils photographiques de diverses époques dont l\'objectif de Charles Chevalier fabriqué pour Daguerre en 1839.\r\n\r\n<strong>Inratable!</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1604\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Port_Louis_Photography_Museum-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'entrée du musée, rue du Vieux conseil, Port-Louis. Source <em>Wikipedia.</em>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>','Musées','','inherit','closed','closed','','1601-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 15:56:52','2018-03-12 11:56:52','',1601,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1601-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1608,2,'2018-03-12 16:10:19','2018-03-12 12:10:19','<h2><strong>Chez Tino</strong></h2>\r\nUne cuisine mauricienne authentique, un lieu magnifique et un accueil chaleureux, voici ce que vous offre le restaurant <em>Chez Tino. </em>un lieu qui<em> </em>existe depuis 1985 et ne cesse de faire parler de lui! Véritable institution familiale, le restaurant tire son nom du propriétaire des lieux <em>Tino </em>qui faisait le service tandis que sa femme<em> Fleurette -</em> le cœur du restaurant d\'après ses petits enfants<em> - </em>était aux fourneaux!<em> </em>\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, l\'aventure continue car<em> Tino</em> et <em>Fleurette</em> ont été rejoints par leurs enfants<em> Ricardo</em> et <em>Gilda</em> ainsi que leurs petits enfants! On n\'accourt de toute l\'île pour découvrir des saveurs et des plats sans cesse réinventés. Ainsi, l\'excellente surprise culinaire d\'une paella nouvelle version : la paella tropicale spéciale <em>Tino</em>! Un régal!\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1609\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1610\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1611\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPaëlla spéciale Tino. Splendide vue de la terrasse du restaurant sur la baie de Trou d\'Eau Douce/ Ananas aux crevettes. Photos de l\'auteure. 2017.\r\n<h2>La Demeure Saint-Antoine</h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong>Partez pour un voyage culinaire raffiné et authentique qui fera frémir de bonheur vos papilles de gourmet! </strong>C\'est cela que vous offre la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine. </em></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1757\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-148-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1753\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-138-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nNiché au coeur de la campagne mauricienne, dans le cadre enchanteur et chargé d\'histoire d\'une maison coloniale construite en 1830 par Edmond de Chazal, la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong></em> fait incontestablement partie du patrimoine architectural et culturel mauricien. Son restaurant vous accueille sous la varangue à colonades, offrant une vue spectaculaire sur le jardin luxuriant du domaine. Le charme intemporel du lieu n\'a d\'égal que le raffinement de ses tables qui s\'habillent de nappes de coton immaculé, réhaussées d\'une vaisselle de porcelaine délicate et élégante, qui vous permettront de déguster une authentique cuisine gastronomique.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1754\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-143-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1755\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-145-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nGoûteux de saveurs locales, les mets sont réhaussés d\'une petite pointe d\'originalité née au savoir-faire remarquable de son chef mauricien et régaleront les plus fins connaisseurs, faisant incontestablement du restaurant de la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong> </em>une des meilleures table d\'hôtes de la côte nord mauricienne.\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument par tous les fins gourmets!\r\n\r\nLe restaurant vous accueille du mardi au samedi pour vos déjeuners ou dîner et l\'organisation de tout repas événementiel sur réservations : http://lademeuresaintantoine.com/infos-pratiques/\r\n\r\n• À noter que la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine </em></strong>vous propose également des séjours en chambres d\'hôtes.\r\n\r\nphotos de l\'auteure, 2017.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Restaurants','','publish','closed','closed','','restaurants','','','2018-04-17 21:10:28','2018-04-17 17:10:28','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1608',0,'page','',0),(1609,2,'2018-03-12 16:07:43','2018-03-12 12:07:43','','Paella Tino','','inherit','open','closed','','paella-tino','','','2018-03-12 16:07:43','2018-03-12 12:07:43','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1610,2,'2018-03-12 16:08:29','2018-03-12 12:08:29','','Anniv2017','','inherit','open','closed','','anniv2017','','','2018-03-12 16:08:29','2018-03-12 12:08:29','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1611,2,'2018-03-12 16:10:07','2018-03-12 12:10:07','','Crevettes à l\'ananas','','inherit','open','closed','','crevettes-a-lananas','','','2018-03-12 16:10:07','2018-03-12 12:10:07','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1612,2,'2018-03-12 16:10:19','2018-03-12 12:10:19','<h2><strong>Chez Tino</strong></h2>\r\nUne cuisine mauricienne authentique, un lieu magnifique et un accueil chaleureux, voici ce que vous offre le restaurant <em>Chez Tino. </em>Véritable institution, le restaurant existe depuis 1985 et ne cesse de faire parler de lui! Véritable institution familiale, le restaurant tire son nom du propriétaire des lieux <em>Tino </em>qui faisait le service tandis que sa femme<em> Fleurette -</em> le cœur du restaurant d\'après ses petits enfants<em> - </em>était aux fourneaux!<em> </em>\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, l\'aventure continue car<em> Tino</em> et <em>Fleurette</em> ont été rejoints par leurs enfants<em> Ricardo</em> et <em>Gilda</em> ainsi que leurs petits enfants! On n\'accourt de toute l\'île pour découvrir des saveurs et des plats sans cesse réinventés. Ainsi, l\'excellente surprise culinaire d\'une paella réinventée : la paella tropicale spéciale Tino! Un régal!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1609\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1610\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1611\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPaëlla spéciale Tino. Splendide vue de la terrasse du restaurant sur la baie de Trou d\'Eau Douce/ Ananas aux crevettes. Photos de l\'auteure. 2017.\r\n\r\n ','Restaurants','','inherit','closed','closed','','1608-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 16:10:19','2018-03-12 12:10:19','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1608-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1613,2,'2018-03-12 16:13:07','2018-03-12 12:13:07','','Hindukailash','','inherit','open','closed','','hindukailash','','','2018-03-12 16:13:07','2018-03-12 12:13:07','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Hindukailash.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1614,2,'2018-03-12 16:16:20','2018-03-12 12:16:20','<strong>Maha Shivaratree ou la grande nuit de Shiva</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Maha =\"</em></strong><em>grand<strong>\" ; Shiva = \"</strong>de bonne augure/ le bon/ qui porte bonheur\" ; <strong>Ratree ou ratri : </strong>\"nuit\".</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nLe dieu Shiva occupe une place prépondérante dans l\'hindouisme. Il forme la <strong>Trimūrti</strong> - triple manifestation de la divinité suprême qui préside aux différents états et ordres de l\'univers - avec Saguna Brahma, le créateur, Vishnu, le conservateur et Shiva, le destructeur (s\'agissant ici de la destruction du mal)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n\" C\'est comme quand on construit une maison... <strong>Brahma</strong> est la créateur, <strong>Vishnu</strong> lui, il protège la maison, il nous protège tous, car la maison c\'est le monde, c\'est l\'univers. Mais, il y a de l\'énergie négative dans l\'univers qui nous approche, il y a aussi la positivité et ça, c\'est Vishnu qui nous l\'apporte, mais qui va empêcher la négativité? C\'est <strong>Shiva</strong>. C\'est pour cela qu\'on l\'appelle le destructeur et qu\'il a un 3ème œil... En fait, nous l\'avons tous mais nous, à notre stade, nous humains, nous ne sommes pas encore au niveau de méditation et sagesse pour pouvoir nous en servir...\" <em>Savi, Triolet, Février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nShiva participe donc à l\'équilibre universel. La déesse <em>Parvati</em> (fille de la montagne) est son épouse ou <em>Shakti<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]</strong></a></em> et ils ont pour enfants les dieux <em>Ganesh</em>, <em>Muruga</em> et <em>Ayyapan</em>. Ayant consacré la majorité de sa vie à la méditation, Shiva est souvent représenté en état méditatif, menant une vie de sage et d\'ascète sur le mont <em>Kailash</em> - montagne faisant partie de la chaîne <em>Gangdise</em> ou <em>Transhimalaya</em> - où il vit avec son épouse et leurs enfants.\r\n\r\nDans la tradition <em>Shivaïte, </em>Shiva possède cinq fonctions principales : il est tour à tour le créateur, le préservateur, le transformateur, le dissimulateur et le révélateur (par la bénédiction). Il est communément représenté de manière anthropomorphique muni de différents attributs :\r\n\r\n- son chignon, siège du Gange et de son pouvoir d\'ascète.\r\n\r\n- Le croissant de lune qui se trouve dans sa chevelure (association avec l\'astre lunaire <em>Chandra). </em>\r\n\r\n- Le troisième œil, ouvert grâce à une profonde méditation et qui permet de voir au-delà de la réalité matérielle.\r\n\r\n- Le cobra enroulé autour de son cou tel un collier et qui symbolise l\'énergie primordiale divine.\r\n\r\n- La peau de tigre pour symboliser da maîtrise des forces naturelles.\r\n\r\n- Le trident ou <em>trishula, </em>dont chacune de pointes concentre la création, la permanence et la destruction.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1613\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Hindukailash-218x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"339\" />\r\n\r\nShiva, Parvati et leurs enfants recevant les hommages des <em>devas </em>et <em>rishi</em> sur les pentes du mont <em>Kailash.</em> Miniature indienne du XVIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Source <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash</a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nStatue de Shiva, Ganga Talao (Grand Bassin), Île Maurice. C\'est une réplique de celle du lac de Sursagar, située à Vadodara dans l\'état du Gujarat, en Inde. Elle a été inaugurée en 2007 et mesure 33 m de hauteur.\r\n\r\n \r\n<table style=\"height: 68px;\" width=\"528\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"264\">Statue de Shiva sur le lac Sursagar, Vadodara.</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nSource <em>Pinterest.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\nShiva est aussi vénéré sous la forme du <em>lingam ou Shivling</em>, symbole phallique de création, associé au <em>yoni, </em>symbole de l\'organe sexuel féminin, la matrice du monde. Les deux symboles<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> sont représentés imbriqués l\'un dans l\'autre ou en \"osmose\", prouvant par leur union qu\'ils dépassent l\'antagonisme mâle-femelle ainsi que le spirituel-matériel car sont complémentaires, indissociables et absolus. La représentation du <em>Shivling </em>peut supplanter tout autre représentation anthropomorphique de Shiva. Lors de prières et/ou cérémonies en l\'honneur du dieu, il est de coutume de oindre le <em>Shivling </em>de lait de buffle<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a>, de lait de coco et de <em>ghee</em> (beurre clarifié fréquemment utilisé lors des <em>puja</em>, à savoir les prières, et/ou dans la cuisine indienne), et l\'entourer de fruits, fleurs et autres sucreries en guise d\'offrandes.\r\n\r\nLingam et yoni. Ghâts - ensemble de marches qui recouvrent les rives d\'un cours d\'eau ou les berges - à Varanasi ou Bénarès. Source : <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva</a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nPèlerins portant un <em>kawar</em> en forme de <em>shivling</em>. Source : <a href=\"https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html\">https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html</a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nMaha shivaratree est donc, de part l\'importance de Shiva dans le panthéon hindouiste, un évènement incontournable dans le calendrier festif hindou. À Maurice, la fête a lieu une fois par an, autour de février-mars, selon les années, dans le calendrier grégorien et se compose de différentes étapes que suivent les dévots :\r\n\r\n- le carême qui consiste à ne pas manger de chair ni consommer d\'alcool et à rester chaste les dix jours précédant la célébration.\r\n\r\n- Les prières adressées au dieu Shiva, au temple ou dans l\'enceinte familiale ou encore dans le cadre d\'une association religieuse.\r\n\r\n- la préparation, pendant le mois qui précède le pèlerinage, ou parfois plus tôt, du <em>Kanwar</em>, à savoir le char confectionné par les fidèles qui symbolisent ainsi leur dévotion à Shiva. C\'est un véritable travail d\'équipe porté par la solidarité du groupe et sa dévotion au dieu. On apporte donc une attention tout particulière à sa confection. Le char est fabriqué à partir de bambou, bois et/ou métal, orné de tissus de différentes couleurs, fleurs et autres végétaux, chacun choisissant de l\'habiller selon ses goûts et ses envies. Enfin, chaque <em>kanwa<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]</strong></a>r</em> possède en son sein une ou des représentation(s) du dieu suprême sous forme de statues, images, dessins, miroirs, bijoux, etc. Il peut aussi être accompagné de représentations de Parvati, Ganesh et Muruga...\r\n\r\nSavi et Oucha relate ainsi l\'origine du <em>kanwar </em>:\r\n\r\n\" Auparavant, le <em>kanwar</em> était petit et une seule personne le portait. Une légende explique pour nous son origine. Une femme, qui avait de nombreux problèmes dans sa vie, a fait la promesse de trouver et voir Shiva pour lui demander d\'ôter toute la négativité de sa vie. Pour cela, elle a décidé de confectionner un <em>kanwar</em> qu\'elle va porter sur son épaule<em>.</em> Dans un panier, elle décide de mettre une image représentant Shiva et dans un autre, une de Parvati. Elle entreprend alors un voyage vers la ville sacrée de <em>Kashi<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><strong>[6]</strong></a></em>, lieu où se trouvent un <em>shivling</em> et où tous les obstacles peuvent être supprimés, détruits. Elle fait donc un très long voyage pour arriver là-bas. Une fois arrivée, elle se met à prier beaucoup Shiva pour qu\'il l\'aide à enlever toute la négativité dans sa vie. Et là, qu\'est-ce qui se passe? Shiva n\'arrive pas, elle ne le voit pas . Mais Shiva apparaît sous la forme d\'un prêtre, c\'est comme ça qu\'il est venu devant elle. Et qu\'est-ce qu\'il a fait? Il lui a donné une feuille de <em>bael</em>. Elle se demande comment une feuille peut l\'aider et, de colère, elle la jette et la feuille va sur le <em>lingam</em>, et quand la feuille tombe sur le <em>lingam, </em>en même temps, chez elle, tous les obstacles, les difficultés de sa vie disparaissent : la pauvreté, guérison de son mari malade, et encore beaucoup de chose. Et là, une fois arrivée, elle chante la gloire de Shiva!\" <em>Triolet, février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nStatue représentant Shiva, Parvati et Nandi, posés au centre du Kanwar. Triolet, février 2018.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Bael pattra </em>ou feuille de bael. La tige est toujours composée de trois feuilles distinctes.\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure, Triolet 2018.\r\n\r\nLa dévotion de cette femme a donc été récompensée, de même que les dévots de Shiva espèrent recevoir de multiples bénédictions du dieu lors de l\'accomplissement du pèlerinage et des prières qui s\'en suivent. En effet, bien que le dieu soit célébré tous les quatorzième jours de la lune (dans sa face sombre dans le calendrier lunaire), Maha Shivaratree reste la célébration la plus importante dans le culte rendu à Shiva car particulièrement propice aux bénédictions du fait de la position des planètes, cette nuit là, qui sont censées apporter un puissant flux d\'énergie naturel et spirituel dans le corps et ainsi, dans l\'esprit humain<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a>.\r\n\r\n- Le départ des dévots, vers le lac sacré Ganga Talao ou Grand bassin à Maurice, qui a lieu plusieurs jours avant ou le jour même. Tout dépend du lieu de départ puisque les pèlerins partent des quatre coins de l\'île, la marche et la pénibilité de celle-ci (douleur, chaleur, fatigue, etc) faisant partie intégrante du rite et de la dévotion au dieu.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le plus frappant pour le visiteur est certainement de voir la joie, la solidarité et le dynamisme qui anime les dévots mais également l\'ensemble des volontaires (membres d\'une association, entreprises ou particuliers) qui soutiennent les premiers en leur offrant, tout au long du chemin, de la nourriture (fruits, chana puri, ladoo, etc). Tout cela accompagné de chants, rires et musique. Enfin, signalons aussi le fait que différentes communautés de différentes confessions religieuses participent également au pèlerinage, à Maurice, emportés par la bonne humeur ambiante ainsi que leur propre curiosité, ceci dans la plus grande tolérance.\r\n\r\n- Une fois arrivé, chacun va, au fil des heures, se reposer, se restaurer, se désaltérer mais aussi et surtout, rendre hommage à Shiva par le biais de multiples <em>puja </em>(prières), offrandes, méditation à l\'écoute des prières et lectures de textes sacrés faites par les pandits<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> et, enfin, verser l\'eau sacrée sur le lingam. Cette étape indispensable se poursuit également au sein du foyer, les pèlerins rapportant un peu de l\'eau du lac sacré, chez eux, pour le verser à nouveau sur leur représentation personnelle du dieu Shiva lors de futures prières.\r\n\r\n- Enfin, la journée qui suit Maha Shivaratree, chaque dévot devra se rendre au temple pour effectuer quatre sessions de prières qui ont déjà commencé pendant la nuit et seront faites uniquement à Grand Bassin pour certains :\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n- 1ère session : de 6 à 9h.\r\n\r\n- 2ème session : 9 à 12h\r\n\r\n- 3ème session : 12 à 15h\r\n\r\n- 4ème session : 15h à 6h.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi s\'achève la grande nuit de Shiva à Maurice, dans la joie et la sérénité, chacun gardant secrète la bénédiction que Shiva a bien voulu lui accorder...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Cf Amaury de Riencourt, 1985 - <em>L\'âme de l\'Inde, </em>p. 15 et pp. 126-226. On retrouve cette division tripartique du divin dans d\'autres cultures et religions comme le taoisme ou le christianisme.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Ce terme désigne, dans l\'hindouisme, l\'énergie féminine, le principe actif et extériorisé d\'une divinité masculine. Le <em>shaktisme</em> est aussi un courant tantrique de l\'Inde dont on retrouve les premières références littéraires au VIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Cf le <em>Dictionnaire Héritage du Sansrit</em> de Gérard Huet.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Rappelons d\'ailleurs que Shiva est un dieu androgyne.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Le lait est considéré comme un élément et un aliment pur pour les hindous. Cf la rubrique côté cusine.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Cette confection du <em>kanwar</em> donnait lieu, à Maurice, jusqu\'à très récemment, à une compétition, présidée par un comité, qui visait à élire le plus beau <em>Kanwar. </em>Toutefois, celle-ci a été abandonnée pour des raisons évidentes puisqu\'elle éloignait les dévots du but premier du pèlerinage purement spirituel.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Fait référence à l\'ancien Royaume de Kashi devenu la Principauté de Bénarès en 1740 et lieu de résidence de Kashi Naresh, chef religieux du XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle, considéré comme une incarnation de Shiva.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Pour de plus amples informations, je vous invite à lire l\'ouvrage d\'Alexandre Astier, 2013 - <em>L\'hindouisme </em>; Paris : Eyrolles, 220p.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Prêtes hindous.','Maha shivaratree','','inherit','closed','closed','','1544-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 16:16:20','2018-03-12 12:16:20','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1544-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1615,2,'2018-03-12 16:19:16','2018-03-12 12:19:16','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\r\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <em>Aliya, 30 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n\"La fête de l\'indépendance est une date qui m\'est chère, elle représente pour moi l\'anniversaire de mon pays... Et aujourd\'hui pour ma petite île, c\'est 50 ans d\'autonomie, ou elle a pu se développer, se fortifier, affirmer sa personnalité... et cela me rend fier, fier d\'en être arrivé là, après seulement 50 ans. C\'est déjà un demi siècle d<span lang=\"en-US\">\'existence, c\'est énorme et rien à la fois, mais on peut faire le premier point sur le chemin parcouru depuis ce 12 mars 1968 où ma patrie est née\". <em>Sébastien, 16 ans, Trou aux Biches.</em></span>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photo de Ruthsy Lajoie. Caudan, Port-Louis, 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','50ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 16:19:16','2018-03-12 12:19:16','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1549-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1616,2,'2018-03-12 16:20:30','2018-03-12 12:20:30','','StatueShiva Ganga Talao','','inherit','open','closed','','statueshiva-ganga-talao','','','2018-03-12 16:20:30','2018-03-12 12:20:30','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueShiva-Ganga-Talao.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1617,2,'2018-03-12 16:20:55','2018-03-12 12:20:55','','Statue Shiva Vadodara','','inherit','open','closed','','statue-shiva-vadodara','','','2018-03-12 16:20:55','2018-03-12 12:20:55','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue-Shiva-Vadodara.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1618,2,'2018-03-12 16:21:52','2018-03-12 12:21:52','','Lingam','','inherit','open','closed','','lingam','','','2018-03-12 16:21:52','2018-03-12 12:21:52','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Lingam.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1620,2,'2018-03-12 16:26:36','2018-03-12 12:26:36','','StatueDieux pr Kanwar','','inherit','open','closed','','statuedieux-pr-kanwar','','','2018-03-12 16:26:36','2018-03-12 12:26:36','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueDieux-pr-Kanwar.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1621,2,'2018-03-12 16:27:42','2018-03-12 12:27:42','','FeuilledeBael','','inherit','open','closed','','feuilledebael','','','2018-03-12 16:27:42','2018-03-12 12:27:42','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FeuilledeBael.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1622,2,'2018-03-12 16:29:03','2018-03-12 12:29:03','<strong>Maha Shivaratree ou la grande nuit de Shiva</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Maha =\"</em></strong><em>grand<strong>\" ; Shiva = \"</strong>de bonne augure/ le bon/ qui porte bonheur\" ; <strong>Ratree ou ratri : </strong>\"nuit\".</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nLe dieu Shiva occupe une place prépondérante dans l\'hindouisme. Il forme la <strong>Trimūrti</strong> - triple manifestation de la divinité suprême qui préside aux différents états et ordres de l\'univers - avec Saguna Brahma, le créateur, Vishnu, le conservateur et Shiva, le destructeur (s\'agissant ici de la destruction du mal)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n\" C\'est comme quand on construit une maison... <strong>Brahma</strong> est la créateur, <strong>Vishnu</strong> lui, il protège la maison, il nous protège tous, car la maison c\'est le monde, c\'est l\'univers. Mais, il y a de l\'énergie négative dans l\'univers qui nous approche, il y a aussi la positivité et ça, c\'est Vishnu qui nous l\'apporte, mais qui va empêcher la négativité? C\'est <strong>Shiva</strong>. C\'est pour cela qu\'on l\'appelle le destructeur et qu\'il a un 3ème œil... En fait, nous l\'avons tous mais nous, à notre stade, nous humains, nous ne sommes pas encore au niveau de méditation et sagesse pour pouvoir nous en servir...\" <em>Savi, Triolet, Février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nShiva participe donc à l\'équilibre universel. La déesse <em>Parvati</em> (fille de la montagne) est son épouse ou <em>Shakti<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]</strong></a></em> et ils ont pour enfants les dieux <em>Ganesh</em>, <em>Muruga</em> et <em>Ayyapan</em>. Ayant consacré la majorité de sa vie à la méditation, Shiva est souvent représenté en état méditatif, menant une vie de sage et d\'ascète sur le mont <em>Kailash</em> - montagne faisant partie de la chaîne <em>Gangdise</em> ou <em>Transhimalaya</em> - où il vit avec son épouse et leurs enfants.\r\n\r\nDans la tradition <em>Shivaïte, </em>Shiva possède cinq fonctions principales : il est tour à tour le créateur, le préservateur, le transformateur, le dissimulateur et le révélateur (par la bénédiction). Il est communément représenté de manière anthropomorphique muni de différents attributs :\r\n\r\n- son chignon, siège du Gange et de son pouvoir d\'ascète.\r\n\r\n- Le croissant de lune qui se trouve dans sa chevelure (association avec l\'astre lunaire <em>Chandra). </em>\r\n\r\n- Le troisième œil, ouvert grâce à une profonde méditation et qui permet de voir au-delà de la réalité matérielle.\r\n\r\n- Le cobra enroulé autour de son cou tel un collier et qui symbolise l\'énergie primordiale divine.\r\n\r\n- La peau de tigre pour symboliser da maîtrise des forces naturelles.\r\n\r\n- Le trident ou <em>trishula, </em>dont chacune de pointes concentre la création, la permanence et la destruction.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1613\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Hindukailash-218x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"339\" />\r\n\r\nShiva, Parvati et leurs enfants recevant les hommages des <em>devas </em>et <em>rishi</em> sur les pentes du mont <em>Kailash.</em> Miniature indienne du XVIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Source <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1616\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueShiva-Ganga-Talao-216x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nStatue de Shiva, Ganga Talao (Grand Bassin), Île Maurice. C\'est une réplique de celle du lac de Sursagar, située à Vadodara dans l\'état du Gujarat, en Inde. Elle a été inaugurée en 2007 et mesure 33 m de hauteur.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1617\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue-Shiva-Vadodara-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"312\" />\r\n<table style=\"height: 68px;\" width=\"528\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"264\">Statue de Shiva sur le lac Sursagar, Vadodara.</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nSource <em>Pinterest.</em>\r\n\r\nShiva est aussi vénéré sous la forme du <em>lingam ou Shivling</em>, symbole phallique de création, associé au <em>yoni, </em>symbole de l\'organe sexuel féminin, la matrice du monde. Les deux symboles<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> sont représentés imbriqués l\'un dans l\'autre ou en \"osmose\", prouvant par leur union qu\'ils dépassent l\'antagonisme mâle-femelle ainsi que le spirituel-matériel car sont complémentaires, indissociables et absolus. La représentation du <em>Shivling </em>peut supplanter tout autre représentation anthropomorphique de Shiva. Lors de prières et/ou cérémonies en l\'honneur du dieu, il est de coutume de oindre le <em>Shivling </em>de lait de buffle<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a>, de lait de coco et de <em>ghee</em> (beurre clarifié fréquemment utilisé lors des <em>puja</em>, à savoir les prières, et/ou dans la cuisine indienne), et l\'entourer de fruits, fleurs et autres sucreries en guise d\'offrandes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1618\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Lingam-272x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"272\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nLingam et yoni. Ghâts - ensemble de marches qui recouvrent les rives d\'un cours d\'eau ou les berges - à Varanasi ou Bénarès. Source : <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1619\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/363318-1-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"410\" height=\"273\" />\r\n\r\nPèlerins portant un <em>kawar</em> en forme de <em>shivling</em>. Source : <a href=\"https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html\">https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html</a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nMaha shivaratree est donc, de part l\'importance de Shiva dans le panthéon hindouiste, un évènement incontournable dans le calendrier festif hindou. À Maurice, la fête a lieu une fois par an, autour de février-mars, selon les années, dans le calendrier grégorien et se compose de différentes étapes que suivent les dévots :\r\n\r\n- le carême qui consiste à ne pas manger de chair ni consommer d\'alcool et à rester chaste les dix jours précédant la célébration.\r\n\r\n- Les prières adressées au dieu Shiva, au temple ou dans l\'enceinte familiale ou encore dans le cadre d\'une association religieuse.\r\n\r\n- la préparation, pendant le mois qui précède le pèlerinage, ou parfois plus tôt, du <em>Kanwar</em>, à savoir le char confectionné par les fidèles qui symbolisent ainsi leur dévotion à Shiva. C\'est un véritable travail d\'équipe porté par la solidarité du groupe et sa dévotion au dieu. On apporte donc une attention tout particulière à sa confection. Le char est fabriqué à partir de bambou, bois et/ou métal, orné de tissus de différentes couleurs, fleurs et autres végétaux, chacun choisissant de l\'habiller selon ses goûts et ses envies. Enfin, chaque <em>kanwa<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]</strong></a>r</em> possède en son sein une ou des représentation(s) du dieu suprême sous forme de statues, images, dessins, miroirs, bijoux, etc. Il peut aussi être accompagné de représentations de Parvati, Ganesh et Muruga...\r\n\r\nSavi et Oucha relate ainsi l\'origine du <em>kanwar </em>:\r\n\r\n\" Auparavant, le <em>kanwar</em> était petit et une seule personne le portait. Une légende explique pour nous son origine. Une femme, qui avait de nombreux problèmes dans sa vie, a fait la promesse de trouver et voir Shiva pour lui demander d\'ôter toute la négativité de sa vie. Pour cela, elle a décidé de confectionner un <em>kanwar</em> qu\'elle va porter sur son épaule<em>.</em> Dans un panier, elle décide de mettre une image représentant Shiva et dans un autre, une de Parvati. Elle entreprend alors un voyage vers la ville sacrée de <em>Kashi<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><strong>[6]</strong></a></em>, lieu où se trouvent un <em>shivling</em> et où tous les obstacles peuvent être supprimés, détruits. Elle fait donc un très long voyage pour arriver là-bas. Une fois arrivée, elle se met à prier beaucoup Shiva pour qu\'il l\'aide à enlever toute la négativité dans sa vie. Et là, qu\'est-ce qui se passe? Shiva n\'arrive pas, elle ne le voit pas . Mais Shiva apparaît sous la forme d\'un prêtre, c\'est comme ça qu\'il est venu devant elle. Et qu\'est-ce qu\'il a fait? Il lui a donné une feuille de <em>bael</em>. Elle se demande comment une feuille peut l\'aider et, de colère, elle la jette et la feuille va sur le <em>lingam</em>, et quand la feuille tombe sur le <em>lingam, </em>en même temps, chez elle, tous les obstacles, les difficultés de sa vie disparaissent : la pauvreté, guérison de son mari malade, et encore beaucoup de chose. Et là, une fois arrivée, elle chante la gloire de Shiva!\" <em>Triolet, février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1620\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueDieux-pr-Kanwar-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nStatue représentant Shiva, Parvati et Nandi, posés au centre du Kanwar. Triolet, février 2018.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1621\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FeuilledeBael-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Bael pattra </em>ou feuille de bael. La tige est toujours composée de trois feuilles distinctes. Photo de l\'auteure, Triolet 2018.\r\n\r\nLa dévotion de cette femme a donc été récompensée, de même que les dévots de Shiva espèrent recevoir de multiples bénédictions du dieu lors de l\'accomplissement du pèlerinage et des prières qui s\'en suivent. En effet, bien que le dieu soit célébré tous les quatorzième jours de la lune (dans sa face sombre dans le calendrier lunaire), Maha Shivaratree reste la célébration la plus importante dans le culte rendu à Shiva car particulièrement propice aux bénédictions du fait de la position des planètes, cette nuit là, qui sont censées apporter un puissant flux d\'énergie naturel et spirituel dans le corps et ainsi, dans l\'esprit humain<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a>.\r\n\r\n- Le départ des dévots, vers le lac sacré Ganga Talao ou Grand bassin à Maurice, qui a lieu plusieurs jours avant ou le jour même. Tout dépend du lieu de départ puisque les pèlerins partent des quatre coins de l\'île, la marche et la pénibilité de celle-ci (douleur, chaleur, fatigue, etc) faisant partie intégrante du rite et de la dévotion au dieu.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le plus frappant pour le visiteur est certainement de voir la joie, la solidarité et le dynamisme qui anime les dévots mais également l\'ensemble des volontaires (membres d\'une association, entreprises ou particuliers) qui soutiennent les premiers en leur offrant, tout au long du chemin, de la nourriture (fruits, chana puri, ladoo, etc). Tout cela accompagné de chants, rires et musique. Enfin, signalons aussi le fait que différentes communautés de différentes confessions religieuses participent également au pèlerinage, à Maurice, emportés par la bonne humeur ambiante ainsi que leur propre curiosité, ceci dans la plus grande tolérance.\r\n\r\n- Une fois arrivé, chacun va, au fil des heures, se reposer, se restaurer, se désaltérer mais aussi et surtout, rendre hommage à Shiva par le biais de multiples <em>puja </em>(prières), offrandes, méditation à l\'écoute des prières et lectures de textes sacrés faites par les pandits<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> et, enfin, verser l\'eau sacrée sur le lingam. Cette étape indispensable se poursuit également au sein du foyer, les pèlerins rapportant un peu de l\'eau du lac sacré, chez eux, pour le verser à nouveau sur leur représentation personnelle du dieu Shiva lors de futures prières.\r\n\r\n- Enfin, la journée qui suit Maha Shivaratree, chaque dévot devra se rendre au temple pour effectuer quatre sessions de prières qui ont déjà commencé pendant la nuit et seront faites uniquement à Grand Bassin pour certains :\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n- 1ère session : de 6 à 9h.\r\n\r\n- 2ème session : 9 à 12h\r\n\r\n- 3ème session : 12 à 15h\r\n\r\n- 4ème session : 15h à 6h.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi s\'achève la grande nuit de Shiva à Maurice, dans la joie et la sérénité, chacun gardant secrète la bénédiction que Shiva a bien voulu lui accorder...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Cf Amaury de Riencourt, 1985 - <em>L\'âme de l\'Inde, </em>p. 15 et pp. 126-226. On retrouve cette division tripartique du divin dans d\'autres cultures et religions comme le taoisme ou le christianisme.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Ce terme désigne, dans l\'hindouisme, l\'énergie féminine, le principe actif et extériorisé d\'une divinité masculine. Le <em>shaktisme</em> est aussi un courant tantrique de l\'Inde dont on retrouve les premières références littéraires au VIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Cf le <em>Dictionnaire Héritage du Sansrit</em> de Gérard Huet.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Rappelons d\'ailleurs que Shiva est un dieu androgyne.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Le lait est considéré comme un élément et un aliment pur pour les hindous. Cf la rubrique côté cusine.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Cette confection du <em>kanwar</em> donnait lieu, à Maurice, jusqu\'à très récemment, à une compétition, présidée par un comité, qui visait à élire le plus beau <em>Kanwar. </em>Toutefois, celle-ci a été abandonnée pour des raisons évidentes puisqu\'elle éloignait les dévots du but premier du pèlerinage purement spirituel.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Fait référence à l\'ancien Royaume de Kashi devenu la Principauté de Bénarès en 1740 et lieu de résidence de Kashi Naresh, chef religieux du XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle, considéré comme une incarnation de Shiva.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Pour de plus amples informations, je vous invite à lire l\'ouvrage d\'Alexandre Astier, 2013 - <em>L\'hindouisme </em>; Paris : Eyrolles, 220p.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Prêtes hindous.','Maha shivaratree','','inherit','closed','closed','','1544-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 16:29:03','2018-03-12 12:29:03','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1544-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1624,1,'2018-03-12 16:39:03','2018-03-12 12:39:03',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1624','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1624',10,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1625,1,'2018-03-12 16:39:04','2018-03-12 12:39:04',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1625','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1625',9,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1626,1,'2018-03-12 16:40:48','2018-03-12 12:40:48',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1626','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1626',27,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1627,1,'2018-03-12 16:40:47','2018-03-12 12:40:47',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1627','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1627',22,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1628,1,'2018-03-12 16:40:47','2018-03-12 12:40:47',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1628','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1628',23,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1629,1,'2018-03-12 16:40:48','2018-03-12 12:40:48',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1629','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1629',24,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1630,1,'2018-03-12 16:42:06','2018-03-12 12:42:06',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1630','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1630',26,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1631,1,'2018-03-12 16:43:19','2018-03-12 12:43:19','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Cinquantenaire de l\'Indépendance : des muffins aux couleurs de Maurice!</strong></h1>\r\nEn ce jour particulier et festif du 50 ème anniversaire de l\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice, Aruna, de Poudre d\'Or, Hamlet, a créé une recette particulièrement originale de Muffins pour rendre hommage à son pays, à travers les couleurs du drapeau mauricien. Elle nous fait le privilège de partager, aujourd\'hui, cette recette avec nous. Miam!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photos Aruna, Pourdre d\'Or.</em>\r\n\r\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">In</span><span style=\"color: #000080;\">gré<span style=\"color: #ffcc00;\">die</span><span style=\"color: #339966;\">n</span></span><span style=\"color: #339966;\">ts</span> :</strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>5oeufs</li>\r\n <li>200 g de sucre</li>\r\n <li>250 g de farine (self raising)</li>\r\n <li>200 g de beurre fondu</li>\r\n <li>Pépites de chocolat</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n\" Mélanger le sucre et les œufs jusqu\'à obtention d\'une mixture onctueuse. Ajouter alors la farine, mélanger et ajouter le beurre. Mélanger de nouveau. Une fois que la pâte est bien mélangée, ajouter les pépites de chocolat. Personnellement, j\'ajoute quelques touches personnelles comme du chocolat fondu ou des zestes d\'orange. Verser ensuite le mélange obtenu dans de petits moules à muffins et enfournez pour environ 20-30 min (selon si four à chaleur tournante ou non) à 180 °C. Vérifier la cuisson à l\'aide de la lame d\'un couteau. Celle-ci doit ressortir sèche si le gâteau est cuit. Voilà, c\'est prêt!\" <em>Aruna, Poudre d\'Or, Hamlet.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1579\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121039873028-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"265\" height=\"150\" /><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1581\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121039913029-1-167x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"154\" height=\"277\" /><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1582\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/received_10213121040473043-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"273\" height=\"154\" />','Muffins aux couleurs de Maurice','','inherit','closed','closed','','1555-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 16:43:19','2018-03-12 12:43:19','',1555,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1555-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1656,1,'2018-03-12 17:07:10','2018-03-12 13:07:10','','À découvrir','','inherit','closed','closed','','1507-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 17:07:10','2018-03-12 13:07:10','',1507,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1507-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1657,2,'2018-03-12 17:10:49','2018-03-12 13:10:49','Je vous invite, à travers cette rubrique, à découvrir des éléments clés de la culture mauricienne.\n\nÀ Découvrir ou à redécouvrir!','À découvrir','','inherit','closed','closed','','1507-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-12 17:10:49','2018-03-12 13:10:49','',1507,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1507-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1658,2,'2018-03-12 17:12:55','2018-03-12 13:12:55','','P1150139','','inherit','open','closed','','p1150139','','','2018-03-12 17:12:55','2018-03-12 13:12:55','',1507,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/P1150139.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1659,2,'2018-03-12 17:13:02','2018-03-12 13:13:02','Je vous invite, à travers cette rubrique, à découvrir des éléments clés de la culture mauricienne.\r\n\r\nÀ Découvrir ou à redécouvrir!','À découvrir','','inherit','closed','closed','','1507-revision-v1','','','2018-03-12 17:13:02','2018-03-12 13:13:02','',1507,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1507-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1661,2,'2018-03-13 08:37:51','2018-03-13 04:37:51','','KawarShiling','','inherit','open','closed','','kawarshiling','','','2018-03-13 08:38:00','2018-03-13 04:38:00','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/KawarShiling.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(1663,2,'2018-03-13 08:54:08','2018-03-13 04:54:08','','50ans Murice 180','','inherit','open','closed','','50ans-murice-180','','','2018-03-13 08:54:08','2018-03-13 04:54:08','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/50ans-Murice-180.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1664,2,'2018-03-13 09:00:56','2018-03-13 05:00:56','<strong>Maha Shivaratree ou la grande nuit de Shiva</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Maha =\"</em></strong><em>grand<strong>\" ; Shiva = \"</strong>de bonne augure/ le bon/ qui porte bonheur\" ; <strong>Ratree ou ratri : </strong>\"nuit\".</em>\r\n<h3>Qui est Shiva?</h3>\r\nLe dieu Shiva occupe une place prépondérante dans l\'hindouisme. Il forme la <strong>Trimūrti</strong> - triple manifestation de la divinité suprême qui préside aux différents états et ordres de l\'univers - avec Saguna Brahma, le créateur, Vishnu, le conservateur et Shiva, le destructeur (s\'agissant ici de la destruction du mal)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n\" C\'est comme quand on construit une maison... <strong>Brahma</strong> est la créateur, <strong>Vishnu</strong> lui, il protège la maison, il nous protège tous, car la maison c\'est le monde, c\'est l\'univers. Mais, il y a de l\'énergie négative dans l\'univers qui nous approche, il y a aussi la positivité et ça, c\'est Vishnu qui nous l\'apporte, mais qui va empêcher la négativité? C\'est <strong>Shiva</strong>. C\'est pour cela qu\'on l\'appelle le destructeur et qu\'il a un 3ème œil... En fait, nous l\'avons tous mais nous, à notre stade, nous humains, nous ne sommes pas encore au niveau de méditation et sagesse pour pouvoir nous en servir...\" <em>Savi, Triolet, Février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nShiva participe donc à l\'équilibre universel. La déesse <em>Parvati</em> (fille de la montagne) est son épouse ou <em>Shakti<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]</strong></a></em> et ils ont pour enfants les dieux <em>Ganesh</em>, <em>Muruga</em> et <em>Ayyapan</em>. Ayant consacré la majorité de sa vie à la méditation, Shiva est souvent représenté en état méditatif, menant une vie de sage et d\'ascète sur le mont <em>Kailash</em> - montagne faisant partie de la chaîne <em>Gangdise</em> ou <em>Transhimalaya</em> - où il vit avec son épouse et leurs enfants.\r\n\r\nDans la tradition <em>Shivaïte, </em>Shiva possède cinq fonctions principales : il est tour à tour le créateur, le préservateur, le transformateur, le dissimulateur et le révélateur (par la bénédiction). Il est communément représenté de manière anthropomorphique muni de différents attributs :\r\n\r\n- son chignon, siège du Gange et de son pouvoir d\'ascète.\r\n\r\n- Le croissant de lune qui se trouve dans sa chevelure (association avec l\'astre lunaire <em>Chandra). </em>\r\n\r\n- Le troisième œil, ouvert grâce à une profonde méditation et qui permet de voir au-delà de la réalité matérielle.\r\n\r\n- Le cobra enroulé autour de son cou tel un collier et qui symbolise l\'énergie primordiale divine.\r\n\r\n- La peau de tigre pour symboliser da maîtrise des forces naturelles.\r\n\r\n- Le trident ou <em>trishula, </em>dont chacune de pointes concentre la création, la permanence et la destruction.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1613 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Hindukailash-218x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"339\" />\r\n\r\nShiva, Parvati et leurs enfants recevant les hommages des <em>devas </em>et <em>rishi</em> sur les pentes du mont <em>Kailash.</em> Miniature indienne du XVIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Source <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1616 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueShiva-Ganga-Talao-216x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nStatue de Shiva, Ganga Talao (Grand Bassin), Île Maurice. C\'est une réplique de celle du lac de Sursagar, située à Vadodara dans l\'état du Gujarat, en Inde. Elle a été inaugurée en 2007 et mesure 33 m de hauteur. Source : <em>Wikipedia.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1617 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue-Shiva-Vadodara-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"254\" height=\"381\" />\r\n<table style=\"height: 68px;\" width=\"528\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"264\">Statue de Shiva sur le lac Sursagar, Vadodara. Source <em>Pinterest.</em></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n<h3>Représentation Shiva</h3>\r\nShiva est aussi vénéré sous la forme du <em>lingam ou Shivling</em>, symbole phallique de création, associé au <em>yoni, </em>symbole de l\'organe sexuel féminin, la matrice du monde. Les deux symboles<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> sont représentés imbriqués l\'un dans l\'autre ou en \"osmose\", prouvant par leur union qu\'ils dépassent l\'antagonisme mâle-femelle ainsi que le spirituel-matériel car sont complémentaires, indissociables et absolus. La représentation du <em>Shivling </em>peut supplanter tout autre représentation anthropomorphique de Shiva. Lors de prières et/ou cérémonies en l\'honneur du dieu, il est de coutume de oindre le <em>Shivling </em>de lait de buffle<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a>, de lait de coco et de <em>ghee</em> (beurre clarifié fréquemment utilisé lors des <em>puja</em>, à savoir les prières, et/ou dans la cuisine indienne), et l\'entourer de fruits, fleurs et autres sucreries en guise d\'offrandes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1618 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Lingam-272x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"272\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nLingam et yoni. Ghâts - ensemble de marches qui recouvrent les rives d\'un cours d\'eau ou les berges - à Varanasi ou Bénarès. Source : <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1661 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/KawarShiling-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"341\" height=\"227\" />\r\n\r\nPèlerins portant un <em>kawar</em> en forme de <em>shivling</em>. Source : <a href=\"https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html\">https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html</a>\r\n<h3>Déroulement de la célébration</h3>\r\nMaha shivaratree est donc, de part l\'importance de Shiva dans le panthéon hindouiste, un événement incontournable dans le calendrier festif hindou. À Maurice, la fête a lieu une fois par an, autour de février-mars, selon les années, dans le calendrier grégorien et se compose de différentes étapes que suivent les dévots :\r\n\r\n- le carême qui consiste à ne pas manger de chair ni consommer d\'alcool et à rester chaste les dix jours précédant la célébration.\r\n\r\n- Les prières adressées au dieu Shiva, au temple ou dans l\'enceinte familiale ou encore dans le cadre d\'une association religieuse.\r\n\r\n- la préparation, pendant le mois qui précède le pèlerinage, ou parfois plus tôt, du <em>Kanwar</em>, à savoir le char confectionné par les fidèles qui symbolisent ainsi leur dévotion à Shiva. C\'est un véritable travail d\'équipe porté par la solidarité du groupe et sa dévotion au dieu. On apporte donc une attention tout particulière à sa confection. Le char est fabriqué à partir de bambou, bois et/ou métal, orné de tissus de différentes couleurs, fleurs et autres végétaux, chacun choisissant de l\'habiller selon ses goûts et ses envies. Enfin, chaque <em>kanwa<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]</strong></a>r</em> possède en son sein une ou des représentation(s) du dieu suprême sous forme de statues, images, dessins, miroirs, bijoux, etc. Il peut aussi être accompagné de représentations de Parvati, Ganesh et Muruga...\r\n\r\nSavi et Oucha relate ainsi l\'origine du <em>kanwar </em>:\r\n\r\n\" Auparavant, le <em>kanwar</em> était petit et une seule personne le portait. Une légende explique pour nous son origine. Une femme, qui avait de nombreux problèmes dans sa vie, a fait la promesse de trouver et voir Shiva pour lui demander d\'ôter toute la négativité de sa vie. Pour cela, elle a décidé de confectionner un <em>kanwar</em> qu\'elle va porter sur son épaule<em>.</em> Dans un panier, elle décide de mettre une image représentant Shiva et dans un autre, une de Parvati. Elle entreprend alors un voyage vers la ville sacrée de <em>Kashi<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><strong>[6]</strong></a></em>, lieu où se trouvent un <em>shivling</em> et où tous les obstacles peuvent être supprimés, détruits. Elle fait donc un très long voyage pour arriver là-bas. Une fois arrivée, elle se met à prier beaucoup Shiva pour qu\'il l\'aide à enlever toute la négativité dans sa vie. Et là, qu\'est-ce qui se passe? Shiva n\'arrive pas, elle ne le voit pas . Mais Shiva apparaît sous la forme d\'un prêtre, c\'est comme ça qu\'il est venu devant elle. Et qu\'est-ce qu\'il a fait? Il lui a donné une feuille de <em>bael</em>. Elle se demande comment une feuille peut l\'aider et, de colère, elle la jette et la feuille va sur le <em>lingam</em>, et quand la feuille tombe sur le <em>lingam, </em>en même temps, chez elle, tous les obstacles, les difficultés de sa vie disparaissent : la pauvreté, guérison de son mari malade, et encore beaucoup de chose. Et là, une fois arrivée, elle chante la gloire de Shiva!\" <em>Triolet, février 2018.</em>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1620\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueDieux-pr-Kanwar-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\nStatue représentant Shiva, Parvati et Nandi, posés au centre du Kanwar. Triolet, février 2018.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1621\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FeuilledeBael-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Bael pattra </em>ou feuille de bael. La tige est toujours composée de trois feuilles distinctes. Photo de l\'auteure, Triolet 2018.\r\n\r\nLa dévotion de cette femme a donc été récompensée, de même que les dévots de Shiva espèrent recevoir de multiples bénédictions du dieu lors de l\'accomplissement du pèlerinage et des prières qui s\'en suivent. En effet, bien que le dieu soit célébré tous les quatorzième jours de la lune (dans sa face sombre dans le calendrier lunaire), Maha Shivaratree reste la célébration la plus importante dans le culte rendu à Shiva car particulièrement propice aux bénédictions du fait de la position des planètes, cette nuit là, qui sont censées apporter un puissant flux d\'énergie naturel et spirituel dans le corps et ainsi, dans l\'esprit humain<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a>.\r\n\r\n- Le départ des dévots, vers le lac sacré Ganga Talao ou Grand bassin à Maurice, qui a lieu plusieurs jours avant ou le jour même. Tout dépend du lieu de départ puisque les pèlerins partent des quatre coins de l\'île, la marche et la pénibilité de celle-ci (douleur, chaleur, fatigue, etc) faisant partie intégrante du rite et de la dévotion au dieu.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le plus frappant pour le visiteur est certainement de voir la joie, la solidarité et le dynamisme qui anime les dévots mais également l\'ensemble des volontaires (membres d\'une association, entreprises ou particuliers) qui soutiennent les premiers en leur offrant, tout au long du chemin, de la nourriture (fruits, chana puri, ladoo, etc). Tout cela accompagné de chants, rires et musique. Enfin, signalons aussi le fait que différentes communautés de différentes confessions religieuses participent également au pèlerinage, à Maurice, emportés par la bonne humeur ambiante ainsi que leur propre curiosité, ceci dans la plus grande tolérance.\r\n\r\n- Une fois arrivé, chacun va, au fil des heures, se reposer, se restaurer, se désaltérer mais aussi et surtout, rendre hommage à Shiva par le biais de multiples <em>puja </em>(prières), offrandes, méditation à l\'écoute des prières et lectures de textes sacrés faites par les pandits<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> et, enfin, verser l\'eau sacrée sur le lingam. Cette étape indispensable se poursuit également au sein du foyer, les pèlerins rapportant un peu de l\'eau du lac sacré, chez eux, pour le verser à nouveau sur leur représentation personnelle du dieu Shiva lors de futures prières.\r\n\r\n- Enfin, la journée qui suit Maha Shivaratree, chaque dévot devra se rendre au temple pour effectuer quatre sessions de prières qui ont déjà commencé pendant la nuit et seront faites uniquement à Grand Bassin pour certains :\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n- 1ère session : de 6 à 9h.\r\n\r\n- 2ème session : 9 à 12h\r\n\r\n- 3ème session : 12 à 15h\r\n\r\n- 4ème session : 15h à 6h.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi s\'achève la grande nuit de Shiva à Maurice, dans la joie et la sérénité, chacun gardant secrète la bénédiction que Shiva a bien voulu lui accorder...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Cf Amaury de Riencourt, 1985 - <em>L\'âme de l\'Inde, </em>p. 15 et pp. 126-226. On retrouve cette division tripartique du divin dans d\'autres cultures et religions comme le taoisme ou le christianisme.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Ce terme désigne, dans l\'hindouisme, l\'énergie féminine, le principe actif et extériorisé d\'une divinité masculine. Le <em>shaktisme</em> est aussi un courant tantrique de l\'Inde dont on retrouve les premières références littéraires au VIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Cf le <em>Dictionnaire Héritage du Sansrit</em> de Gérard Huet.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Rappelons d\'ailleurs que Shiva est un dieu androgyne.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Le lait est considéré comme un élément et un aliment pur pour les hindous. Cf la rubrique côté cusine.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Cette confection du <em>kanwar</em> donnait lieu, à Maurice, jusqu\'à très récemment, à une compétition, présidée par un comité, qui visait à élire le plus beau <em>Kanwar. </em>Toutefois, celle-ci a été abandonnée pour des raisons évidentes puisqu\'elle éloignait les dévots du but premier du pèlerinage purement spirituel.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Fait référence à l\'ancien Royaume de Kashi devenu la Principauté de Bénarès en 1740 et lieu de résidence de Kashi Naresh, chef religieux du XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle, considéré comme une incarnation de Shiva.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Pour de plus amples informations, je vous invite à lire l\'ouvrage d\'Alexandre Astier, 2013 - <em>L\'hindouisme </em>; Paris : Eyrolles, 220p.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Prêtes hindous.','Maha shivaratree','','inherit','closed','closed','','1544-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 09:00:56','2018-03-13 05:00:56','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1544-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1665,2,'2018-03-13 09:02:26','2018-03-13 05:02:26','<strong>Maha Shivaratree ou la grande nuit de Shiva</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Maha =\"</em></strong><em>grand<strong>\" ; Shiva = \"</strong>de bonne augure/ le bon/ qui porte bonheur\" ; <strong>Ratree ou ratri : </strong>\"nuit\".</em>\r\n<h3>Qui est Shiva?</h3>\r\nLe dieu Shiva occupe une place prépondérante dans l\'hindouisme. Il forme la <strong>Trimūrti</strong> - triple manifestation de la divinité suprême qui préside aux différents états et ordres de l\'univers - avec Saguna Brahma, le créateur, Vishnu, le conservateur et Shiva, le destructeur (s\'agissant ici de la destruction du mal)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n\" C\'est comme quand on construit une maison... <strong>Brahma</strong> est la créateur, <strong>Vishnu</strong> lui, il protège la maison, il nous protège tous, car la maison c\'est le monde, c\'est l\'univers. Mais, il y a de l\'énergie négative dans l\'univers qui nous approche, il y a aussi la positivité et ça, c\'est Vishnu qui nous l\'apporte, mais qui va empêcher la négativité? C\'est <strong>Shiva</strong>. C\'est pour cela qu\'on l\'appelle le destructeur et qu\'il a un 3ème œil... En fait, nous l\'avons tous mais nous, à notre stade, nous humains, nous ne sommes pas encore au niveau de méditation et sagesse pour pouvoir nous en servir...\" <em>Savi, Triolet, Février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nShiva participe donc à l\'équilibre universel. La déesse <em>Parvati</em> (fille de la montagne) est son épouse ou <em>Shakti<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]</strong></a></em> et ils ont pour enfants les dieux <em>Ganesh</em>, <em>Muruga</em> et <em>Ayyapan</em>. Ayant consacré la majorité de sa vie à la méditation, Shiva est souvent représenté en état méditatif, menant une vie de sage et d\'ascète sur le mont <em>Kailash</em> - montagne faisant partie de la chaîne <em>Gangdise</em> ou <em>Transhimalaya</em> - où il vit avec son épouse et leurs enfants.\r\n\r\nDans la tradition <em>Shivaïte, </em>Shiva possède cinq fonctions principales : il est tour à tour le créateur, le préservateur, le transformateur, le dissimulateur et le révélateur (par la bénédiction). Il est communément représenté de manière anthropomorphique muni de différents attributs :\r\n\r\n- son chignon, siège du Gange et de son pouvoir d\'ascète.\r\n\r\n- Le croissant de lune qui se trouve dans sa chevelure (association avec l\'astre lunaire <em>Chandra). </em>\r\n\r\n- Le troisième œil, ouvert grâce à une profonde méditation et qui permet de voir au-delà de la réalité matérielle.\r\n\r\n- Le cobra enroulé autour de son cou tel un collier et qui symbolise l\'énergie primordiale divine.\r\n\r\n- La peau de tigre pour symboliser da maîtrise des forces naturelles.\r\n\r\n- Le trident ou <em>trishula, </em>dont chacune de pointes concentre la création, la permanence et la destruction.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1613 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Hindukailash-218x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"339\" />\r\n\r\nShiva, Parvati et leurs enfants recevant les hommages des <em>devas </em>et <em>rishi</em> sur les pentes du mont <em>Kailash.</em> Miniature indienne du XVIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Source <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1616 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueShiva-Ganga-Talao-216x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nStatue de Shiva, Ganga Talao (Grand Bassin), Île Maurice. C\'est une réplique de celle du lac de Sursagar, située à Vadodara dans l\'état du Gujarat, en Inde. Elle a été inaugurée en 2007 et mesure 33 m de hauteur. Source : <em>Wikipedia.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1617 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue-Shiva-Vadodara-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"254\" height=\"381\" />\r\n<table style=\"height: 68px;\" width=\"528\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"264\">Statue de Shiva sur le lac Sursagar, Vadodara. Source <em>Pinterest.</em></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n<h3>Représentation Shiva</h3>\r\nShiva est aussi vénéré sous la forme du <em>lingam ou Shivling</em>, symbole phallique de création, associé au <em>yoni, </em>symbole de l\'organe sexuel féminin, la matrice du monde. Les deux symboles<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> sont représentés imbriqués l\'un dans l\'autre ou en \"osmose\", prouvant par leur union qu\'ils dépassent l\'antagonisme mâle-femelle ainsi que le spirituel-matériel car sont complémentaires, indissociables et absolus. La représentation du <em>Shivling </em>peut supplanter tout autre représentation anthropomorphique de Shiva. Lors de prières et/ou cérémonies en l\'honneur du dieu, il est de coutume de oindre le <em>Shivling </em>de lait de buffle<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a>, de lait de coco et de <em>ghee</em> (beurre clarifié fréquemment utilisé lors des <em>puja</em>, à savoir les prières, et/ou dans la cuisine indienne), et l\'entourer de fruits, fleurs et autres sucreries en guise d\'offrandes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1618 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Lingam-272x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"272\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nLingam et yoni. Ghâts - ensemble de marches qui recouvrent les rives d\'un cours d\'eau ou les berges - à Varanasi ou Bénarès. Source : <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1661 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/KawarShiling-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"341\" height=\"227\" />\r\n\r\nPèlerins portant un <em>kawar</em> en forme de <em>shivling</em>. Source : <a href=\"https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html\">https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html</a>\r\n<h3>Déroulement de la célébration</h3>\r\nMaha shivaratree est donc, de part l\'importance de Shiva dans le panthéon hindouiste, un événement incontournable dans le calendrier festif hindou. À Maurice, la fête a lieu une fois par an, autour de février-mars, selon les années, dans le calendrier grégorien et se compose de différentes étapes que suivent les dévots :\r\n\r\n- le carême qui consiste à ne pas manger de chair ni consommer d\'alcool et à rester chaste les dix jours précédant la célébration.\r\n\r\n- Les prières adressées au dieu Shiva, au temple ou dans l\'enceinte familiale ou encore dans le cadre d\'une association religieuse.\r\n\r\n- la préparation, pendant le mois qui précède le pèlerinage, ou parfois plus tôt, du <em>Kanwar</em>, à savoir le char confectionné par les fidèles qui symbolisent ainsi leur dévotion à Shiva. C\'est un véritable travail d\'équipe porté par la solidarité du groupe et sa dévotion au dieu. On apporte donc une attention tout particulière à sa confection. Le char est fabriqué à partir de bambou, bois et/ou métal, orné de tissus de différentes couleurs, fleurs et autres végétaux, chacun choisissant de l\'habiller selon ses goûts et ses envies. Enfin, chaque <em>kanwa<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]</strong></a>r</em> possède en son sein une ou des représentation(s) du dieu suprême sous forme de statues, images, dessins, miroirs, bijoux, etc. Il peut aussi être accompagné de représentations de Parvati, Ganesh et Muruga...\r\n\r\nSavi et Oucha relate ainsi l\'origine du <em>kanwar </em>:\r\n\r\n\" Auparavant, le <em>kanwar</em> était petit et une seule personne le portait. Une légende explique pour nous son origine. Une femme, qui avait de nombreux problèmes dans sa vie, a fait la promesse de trouver et voir Shiva pour lui demander d\'ôter toute la négativité de sa vie. Pour cela, elle a décidé de confectionner un <em>kanwar</em> qu\'elle va porter sur son épaule<em>.</em> Dans un panier, elle décide de mettre une image représentant Shiva et dans un autre, une de Parvati. Elle entreprend alors un voyage vers la ville sacrée de <em>Kashi<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><strong>[6]</strong></a></em>, lieu où se trouvent un <em>shivling</em> et où tous les obstacles peuvent être supprimés, détruits. Elle fait donc un très long voyage pour arriver là-bas. Une fois arrivée, elle se met à prier beaucoup Shiva pour qu\'il l\'aide à enlever toute la négativité dans sa vie. Et là, qu\'est-ce qui se passe? Shiva n\'arrive pas, elle ne le voit pas . Mais Shiva apparaît sous la forme d\'un prêtre, c\'est comme ça qu\'il est venu devant elle. Et qu\'est-ce qu\'il a fait? Il lui a donné une feuille de <em>bael</em>. Elle se demande comment une feuille peut l\'aider et, de colère, elle la jette et la feuille va sur le <em>lingam</em>, et quand la feuille tombe sur le <em>lingam, </em>en même temps, chez elle, tous les obstacles, les difficultés de sa vie disparaissent : la pauvreté, guérison de son mari malade, et encore beaucoup de chose. Et là, une fois arrivée, elle chante la gloire de Shiva!\" <em>Triolet, février 2018.</em>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1620\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueDieux-pr-Kanwar-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\nStatue représentant Shiva, Parvati et Nandi, posés au centre du Kanwar. Triolet, février 2018.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1621 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FeuilledeBael-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Bael pattra </em>ou feuille de bael. La tige est toujours composée de trois feuilles distinctes. Photo de l\'auteure, Triolet 2018.\r\n\r\nLa dévotion de cette femme a donc été récompensée, de même que les dévots de Shiva espèrent recevoir de multiples bénédictions du dieu lors de l\'accomplissement du pèlerinage et des prières qui s\'en suivent. En effet, bien que le dieu soit célébré tous les quatorzième jours de la lune (dans sa face sombre dans le calendrier lunaire), Maha Shivaratree reste la célébration la plus importante dans le culte rendu à Shiva car particulièrement propice aux bénédictions du fait de la position des planètes, cette nuit là, qui sont censées apporter un puissant flux d\'énergie naturel et spirituel dans le corps et ainsi, dans l\'esprit humain<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a>.\r\n\r\n- Le départ des dévots, vers le lac sacré Ganga Talao ou Grand bassin à Maurice, qui a lieu plusieurs jours avant ou le jour même. Tout dépend du lieu de départ puisque les pèlerins partent des quatre coins de l\'île, la marche et la pénibilité de celle-ci (douleur, chaleur, fatigue, etc) faisant partie intégrante du rite et de la dévotion au dieu.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le plus frappant pour le visiteur est certainement de voir la joie, la solidarité et le dynamisme qui anime les dévots mais également l\'ensemble des volontaires (membres d\'une association, entreprises ou particuliers) qui soutiennent les premiers en leur offrant, tout au long du chemin, de la nourriture (fruits, chana puri, ladoo, etc). Tout cela accompagné de chants, rires et musique. Enfin, signalons aussi le fait que différentes communautés de différentes confessions religieuses participent également au pèlerinage, à Maurice, emportés par la bonne humeur ambiante ainsi que leur propre curiosité, ceci dans la plus grande tolérance.\r\n\r\n- Une fois arrivé, chacun va, au fil des heures, se reposer, se restaurer, se désaltérer mais aussi et surtout, rendre hommage à Shiva par le biais de multiples <em>puja </em>(prières), offrandes, méditation à l\'écoute des prières et lectures de textes sacrés faites par les pandits<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> et, enfin, verser l\'eau sacrée sur le lingam. Cette étape indispensable se poursuit également au sein du foyer, les pèlerins rapportant un peu de l\'eau du lac sacré, chez eux, pour le verser à nouveau sur leur représentation personnelle du dieu Shiva lors de futures prières.\r\n\r\n- Enfin, la journée qui suit Maha Shivaratree, chaque dévot devra se rendre au temple pour effectuer quatre sessions de prières qui ont déjà commencé pendant la nuit et seront faites uniquement à Grand Bassin pour certains :\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n- 1ère session : de 6 à 9h.\r\n\r\n- 2ème session : 9 à 12h\r\n\r\n- 3ème session : 12 à 15h\r\n\r\n- 4ème session : 15h à 6h.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi s\'achève la grande nuit de Shiva à Maurice, dans la joie et la sérénité, chacun gardant secrète la bénédiction que Shiva a bien voulu lui accorder...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Cf Amaury de Riencourt, 1985 - <em>L\'âme de l\'Inde, </em>p. 15 et pp. 126-226. On retrouve cette division tripartique du divin dans d\'autres cultures et religions comme le taoisme ou le christianisme.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Ce terme désigne, dans l\'hindouisme, l\'énergie féminine, le principe actif et extériorisé d\'une divinité masculine. Le <em>shaktisme</em> est aussi un courant tantrique de l\'Inde dont on retrouve les premières références littéraires au VIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Cf le <em>Dictionnaire Héritage du Sansrit</em> de Gérard Huet.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Rappelons d\'ailleurs que Shiva est un dieu androgyne.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Le lait est considéré comme un élément et un aliment pur pour les hindous. Cf la rubrique côté cusine.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Cette confection du <em>kanwar</em> donnait lieu, à Maurice, jusqu\'à très récemment, à une compétition, présidée par un comité, qui visait à élire le plus beau <em>Kanwar. </em>Toutefois, celle-ci a été abandonnée pour des raisons évidentes puisqu\'elle éloignait les dévots du but premier du pèlerinage purement spirituel.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Fait référence à l\'ancien Royaume de Kashi devenu la Principauté de Bénarès en 1740 et lieu de résidence de Kashi Naresh, chef religieux du XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle, considéré comme une incarnation de Shiva.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Pour de plus amples informations, je vous invite à lire l\'ouvrage d\'Alexandre Astier, 2013 - <em>L\'hindouisme </em>; Paris : Eyrolles, 220p.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Prêtes hindous.','Maha shivaratree','','inherit','closed','closed','','1544-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 09:02:26','2018-03-13 05:02:26','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1544-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1666,2,'2018-03-13 09:08:08','2018-03-13 05:08:08','<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\"La tolérance, c\'est regarder l\'Autre comme une partie de soi\".</strong></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Ma philosophie, Sandrine Boulmier.</em></p>\r\n \r\n\r\nL\'Île Maurice ou Mauritius ou Moris, est une petite île de l\'Océan Indien, nichée au coeur de l\'archipel des Mascareignes comme son île soeur, La Réunion. Pour le visiteur, Maurice est une île où il fait bon vivre avec son climat tropical, ses plages de sable blanc et ses eaux turquoises.\r\n\r\nPour l\'ethno-anthropologue que je suis, ce n\'est pas le côté carte postale de l\'île qui m\'interpelle mais sa population, plus précisément les groupes ethniques qui la compose, leur culture, leurs moeurs, autant de richesses à découvrir que de connaissances à acquérir.\r\n\r\nDocteur en ethno-anthropologie et installée à Maurice depuis 2011, j\'ai créé ce site/blog afin de partager ma découverte, sans cesse renouvelée, de la culture mauricienne à travers une identité en construction. Ce travail est donc le fruit de recherches personnelles toujours en cours, qui donnera lieu prochainement à un livre sur le sujet, mais aussi de mon affection pour ce peuple mauricien à la fois proche et lointain, étranger et familier, une partie de moi sans l\'être...\r\n\r\nJe dédie ce site/blog à tous les Mauriciens d\'ici et d\'ailleurs qui, je l\'espère, leur permettra de découvrir d\'autres facettes de leur culture mais aussi participera à la transmission d\'une mémoire que je souhaite préserver et qui enrichit la mémoire humaine mondiale. Ce site/blog est aussi ouvert à tous les curieux qui désirent mieux connaître les racines, l\'histoire et la culture mauricienne au delà du cliché paradisiaque de l\'île.\r\n\r\nJe remercie tous les Mauriciens qui m\'ont ouvert leur porte et qui ont partagé et qui partagent avec moi leurs souvenirs, leurs réflexions et leurs espoirs pour l\'avenir...\r\n\r\n<em>Ene gran merci a tou bann Morisiens!</em>\r\n\r\n ','À propos','','inherit','closed','closed','','15-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 09:08:08','2018-03-13 05:08:08','',15,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/15-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1667,2,'2018-03-13 09:09:36','2018-03-13 05:09:36','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\r\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <em>Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n\"La fête de l\'indépendance est une date qui m\'est chère, elle représente pour moi l\'anniversaire de mon pays... Et aujourd\'hui pour ma petite île, c\'est 50 ans d\'autonomie, ou elle a pu se développer, se fortifier, affirmer sa personnalité... et cela me rend fier, fier d\'en être arrivé là, après seulement 50 ans. C\'est déjà un demi siècle d<span lang=\"en-US\">\'existence, c\'est énorme et rien à la fois, mais on peut faire le premier point sur le chemin parcouru depuis ce 12 mars 1968 où ma patrie est née\". <em>Sébastien, 16 ans, Trou aux Biches.</em></span>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photo de Ruthsy Lajoie. Caudan, Port-Louis, 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','50ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 09:09:36','2018-03-13 05:09:36','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1549-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1668,2,'2018-03-13 10:28:14','2018-03-13 06:28:14','Le calendrier festif d\'un pays fait parti intégrante de sa culture. Dans le cas de l\'Île Maurice, les jours fériés sont intimement liés à la culture socio-religieuse des différents groupes ethniques qui composent le pays. Ainsi, le gouvernement mauricien, outre la fête de l\'Indépendance qui concerne chaque citoyen et la fête du 1er mai, chaque travailleur, a tenté de répartir équitablement le nombre de jour férié en fonction de son groupe ethnico-religieux, à savoir 1 à 2 par groupe.\r\n\r\nJe vous propose de les découvrir à travers leurs origines historiques, ethniques et les rites qui les composent.','Maurice en fête','','inherit','closed','closed','','9-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 10:28:14','2018-03-13 06:28:14','',9,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/9-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1669,2,'2018-03-13 10:30:20','2018-03-13 06:30:20','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">La cuisine mauricienne, une identité nationale</h1>\r\n \r\n\r\nS\'il est un élément qui unit profondément un peuple, c\'est aucun doute sa cuisine. Unificateur identitaire par excellence, la cuisine mauricienne en est un parfait exemple car chacune de ses facettes reflète les différentes origines ethniques de ceux qui la composent, la créent et la remodèlent chaque jour. Véritable élément de transmission familiale, chaque plat qui constitue la cuisine mauricienne est d\'origine multiculturelle, à l\'instar de son peuple, et résulte d\'un savoir connu par l\'ensemble des Mauriciens, toute origine ethnique confondue.\r\n\r\nAinsi, la cusine mauricienne est enrichie de plats d\'origine créole, indienne, européenne et chinoise. Nous vous proposons, dans cette rubrique, de découvrir les plus célèbres d\'entre eux, en image, en retraçant leurs origines et en découvrant ce qu\'ils représentent aux yeux de ceux qui les \"créent\" et les \"recréent\" chaque jour en n\'y laissant une pincée d\'eux-mêmes...\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"> A vos papilles!</h3>','Côté cuisine','','inherit','closed','closed','','11-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 10:30:20','2018-03-13 06:30:20','',11,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/11-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1670,2,'2018-03-13 10:34:44','2018-03-13 06:34:44','','50ans Murice 104','','inherit','open','closed','','50ans-murice-104','','','2018-03-13 10:34:44','2018-03-13 06:34:44','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/50ans-Murice-104.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1672,2,'2018-03-13 10:36:16','2018-03-13 06:36:16','','50ans Murice 101','','inherit','open','closed','','50ans-murice-101','','','2018-03-13 10:36:16','2018-03-13 06:36:16','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/50ans-Murice-101.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1673,2,'2018-03-13 10:36:43','2018-03-13 06:36:43','<strong>Maha Shivaratree ou la grande nuit de Shiva</strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Maha =\"</em></strong><em>grand<strong>\" ; Shiva = \"</strong>de bonne augure/ le bon/ qui porte bonheur\" ; <strong>Ratree ou ratri : </strong>\"nuit\".</em>\r\n<h3>Qui est Shiva?</h3>\r\nLe dieu Shiva occupe une place prépondérante dans l\'hindouisme. Il forme la <strong>Trimūrti</strong> - triple manifestation de la divinité suprême qui préside aux différents états et ordres de l\'univers - avec Saguna Brahma, le créateur, Vishnu, le conservateur et Shiva, le destructeur (s\'agissant ici de la destruction du mal)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n\" C\'est comme quand on construit une maison... <strong>Brahma</strong> est la créateur, <strong>Vishnu</strong> lui, il protège la maison, il nous protège tous, car la maison c\'est le monde, c\'est l\'univers. Mais, il y a de l\'énergie négative dans l\'univers qui nous approche, il y a aussi la positivité et ça, c\'est Vishnu qui nous l\'apporte, mais qui va empêcher la négativité? C\'est <strong>Shiva</strong>. C\'est pour cela qu\'on l\'appelle le destructeur et qu\'il a un 3ème œil... En fait, nous l\'avons tous mais nous, à notre stade, nous humains, nous ne sommes pas encore au niveau de méditation et sagesse pour pouvoir nous en servir...\" <em>Savi, Triolet, Février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\nShiva participe donc à l\'équilibre universel. La déesse <em>Parvati</em> (fille de la montagne) est son épouse ou <em>Shakti<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]</strong></a></em> et ils ont pour enfants les dieux <em>Ganesh</em>, <em>Muruga</em> et <em>Ayyapan</em>. Ayant consacré la majorité de sa vie à la méditation, Shiva est souvent représenté en état méditatif, menant une vie de sage et d\'ascète sur le mont <em>Kailash</em> - montagne faisant partie de la chaîne <em>Gangdise</em> ou <em>Transhimalaya</em> - où il vit avec son épouse et leurs enfants.\r\n\r\nDans la tradition <em>Shivaïte, </em>Shiva possède cinq fonctions principales : il est tour à tour le créateur, le préservateur, le transformateur, le dissimulateur et le révélateur (par la bénédiction). Il est communément représenté de manière anthropomorphique muni de différents attributs :\r\n\r\n- son chignon, siège du Gange et de son pouvoir d\'ascète.\r\n\r\n- Le croissant de lune qui se trouve dans sa chevelure (association avec l\'astre lunaire <em>Chandra). </em>\r\n\r\n- Le troisième œil, ouvert grâce à une profonde méditation et qui permet de voir au-delà de la réalité matérielle.\r\n\r\n- Le cobra enroulé autour de son cou tel un collier et qui symbolise l\'énergie primordiale divine.\r\n\r\n- La peau de tigre pour symboliser da maîtrise des forces naturelles.\r\n\r\n- Le trident ou <em>trishula, </em>dont chacune de pointes concentre la création, la permanence et la destruction.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1613 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Hindukailash-218x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"339\" />\r\n\r\nShiva, Parvati et leurs enfants recevant les hommages des <em>devas </em>et <em>rishi</em> sur les pentes du mont <em>Kailash.</em> Miniature indienne du XVIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Source <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Kailash</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1616 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueShiva-Ganga-Talao-216x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nStatue de Shiva, Ganga Talao (Grand Bassin), Île Maurice. C\'est une réplique de celle du lac de Sursagar, située à Vadodara dans l\'état du Gujarat, en Inde. Elle a été inaugurée en 2007 et mesure 33 m de hauteur. Source : <em>Wikipedia.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1617 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue-Shiva-Vadodara-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"254\" height=\"381\" />\r\n<table style=\"height: 68px;\" width=\"528\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td width=\"264\">Statue de Shiva sur le lac Sursagar, Vadodara. Source <em>Pinterest.</em></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n<h3>Représentation Shiva</h3>\r\nShiva est aussi vénéré sous la forme du <em>lingam ou Shivling</em>, symbole phallique de création, associé au <em>yoni, </em>symbole de l\'organe sexuel féminin, la matrice du monde. Les deux symboles<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]</a> sont représentés imbriqués l\'un dans l\'autre ou en \"osmose\", prouvant par leur union qu\'ils dépassent l\'antagonisme mâle-femelle ainsi que le spirituel-matériel car sont complémentaires, indissociables et absolus. La représentation du <em>Shivling </em>peut supplanter tout autre représentation anthropomorphique de Shiva. Lors de prières et/ou cérémonies en l\'honneur du dieu, il est de coutume de oindre le <em>Shivling </em>de lait de buffle<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]</a>, de lait de coco et de <em>ghee</em> (beurre clarifié fréquemment utilisé lors des <em>puja</em>, à savoir les prières, et/ou dans la cuisine indienne), et l\'entourer de fruits, fleurs et autres sucreries en guise d\'offrandes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1618 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Lingam-272x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"272\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nLingam et yoni. Ghâts - ensemble de marches qui recouvrent les rives d\'un cours d\'eau ou les berges - à Varanasi ou Bénarès. Source : <a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva\">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1661 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/KawarShiling-300x200.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"341\" height=\"227\" />\r\n\r\nPèlerins portant un <em>kawar</em> en forme de <em>shivling</em>. Source : <a href=\"https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html\">https://www.myt.mu/sinformer/dossiers/societe/363318/maha-shivaratree-hommage-au-dieu-shiva.html</a>\r\n<h3>Déroulement de la célébration</h3>\r\nMaha shivaratree est donc, de part l\'importance de Shiva dans le panthéon hindouiste, un événement incontournable dans le calendrier festif hindou. À Maurice, la fête a lieu une fois par an, autour de février-mars, selon les années, dans le calendrier grégorien et se compose de différentes étapes que suivent les dévots :\r\n\r\n- le carême qui consiste à ne pas manger de chair ni consommer d\'alcool et à rester chaste les dix jours précédant la célébration.\r\n\r\n- Les prières adressées au dieu Shiva, au temple ou dans l\'enceinte familiale ou encore dans le cadre d\'une association religieuse.\r\n\r\n- la préparation, pendant le mois qui précède le pèlerinage, ou parfois plus tôt, du <em>Kanwar</em>, à savoir le char confectionné par les fidèles qui symbolisent ainsi leur dévotion à Shiva. C\'est un véritable travail d\'équipe porté par la solidarité du groupe et sa dévotion au dieu. On apporte donc une attention tout particulière à sa confection. Le char est fabriqué à partir de bambou, bois et/ou métal, orné de tissus de différentes couleurs, fleurs et autres végétaux, chacun choisissant de l\'habiller selon ses goûts et ses envies. Enfin, chaque <em>kanwa<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]</strong></a>r</em> possède en son sein une ou des représentation(s) du dieu suprême sous forme de statues, images, dessins, miroirs, bijoux, etc. Il peut aussi être accompagné de représentations de Parvati, Ganesh et Muruga...\r\n\r\nSavi et Oucha relate ainsi l\'origine du <em>kanwar </em>:\r\n\r\n\" Auparavant, le <em>kanwar</em> était petit et une seule personne le portait. Une légende explique pour nous son origine. Une femme, qui avait de nombreux problèmes dans sa vie, a fait la promesse de trouver et voir Shiva pour lui demander d\'ôter toute la négativité de sa vie. Pour cela, elle a décidé de confectionner un <em>kanwar</em> qu\'elle va porter sur son épaule<em>.</em> Dans un panier, elle décide de mettre une image représentant Shiva et dans un autre, une de Parvati. Elle entreprend alors un voyage vers la ville sacrée de <em>Kashi<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><strong>[6]</strong></a></em>, lieu où se trouvent un <em>shivling</em> et où tous les obstacles peuvent être supprimés, détruits. Elle fait donc un très long voyage pour arriver là-bas. Une fois arrivée, elle se met à prier beaucoup Shiva pour qu\'il l\'aide à enlever toute la négativité dans sa vie. Et là, qu\'est-ce qui se passe? Shiva n\'arrive pas, elle ne le voit pas . Mais Shiva apparaît sous la forme d\'un prêtre, c\'est comme ça qu\'il est venu devant elle. Et qu\'est-ce qu\'il a fait? Il lui a donné une feuille de <em>bael</em>. Elle se demande comment une feuille peut l\'aider et, de colère, elle la jette et la feuille va sur le <em>lingam</em>, et quand la feuille tombe sur le <em>lingam, </em>en même temps, chez elle, tous les obstacles, les difficultés de sa vie disparaissent : la pauvreté, guérison de son mari malade, et encore beaucoup de chose. Et là, une fois arrivée, elle chante la gloire de Shiva!\" <em>Triolet, février 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1620\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/StatueDieux-pr-Kanwar-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1670\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/50ans-Murice-104-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1672\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/50ans-Murice-101-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nStatue représentant Shiva, Parvati et Nandi, posés au centre du Kanwar. Triolet, février 2018.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1621 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/FeuilledeBael-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Bael pattra </em>ou feuille de bael. La tige est toujours composée de trois feuilles distinctes. Photo de l\'auteure, Triolet 2018.\r\n\r\nLa dévotion de cette femme a donc été récompensée, de même que les dévots de Shiva espèrent recevoir de multiples bénédictions du dieu lors de l\'accomplissement du pèlerinage et des prières qui s\'en suivent. En effet, bien que le dieu soit célébré tous les quatorzième jours de la lune (dans sa face sombre dans le calendrier lunaire), Maha Shivaratree reste la célébration la plus importante dans le culte rendu à Shiva car particulièrement propice aux bénédictions du fait de la position des planètes, cette nuit là, qui sont censées apporter un puissant flux d\'énergie naturel et spirituel dans le corps et ainsi, dans l\'esprit humain<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]</a>.\r\n\r\n- Le départ des dévots, vers le lac sacré Ganga Talao ou Grand bassin à Maurice, qui a lieu plusieurs jours avant ou le jour même. Tout dépend du lieu de départ puisque les pèlerins partent des quatre coins de l\'île, la marche et la pénibilité de celle-ci (douleur, chaleur, fatigue, etc) faisant partie intégrante du rite et de la dévotion au dieu.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le plus frappant pour le visiteur est certainement de voir la joie, la solidarité et le dynamisme qui anime les dévots mais également l\'ensemble des volontaires (membres d\'une association, entreprises ou particuliers) qui soutiennent les premiers en leur offrant, tout au long du chemin, de la nourriture (fruits, chana puri, ladoo, etc). Tout cela accompagné de chants, rires et musique. Enfin, signalons aussi le fait que différentes communautés de différentes confessions religieuses participent également au pèlerinage, à Maurice, emportés par la bonne humeur ambiante ainsi que leur propre curiosité, ceci dans la plus grande tolérance.\r\n\r\n- Une fois arrivé, chacun va, au fil des heures, se reposer, se restaurer, se désaltérer mais aussi et surtout, rendre hommage à Shiva par le biais de multiples <em>puja </em>(prières), offrandes, méditation à l\'écoute des prières et lectures de textes sacrés faites par les pandits<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]</a> et, enfin, verser l\'eau sacrée sur le lingam. Cette étape indispensable se poursuit également au sein du foyer, les pèlerins rapportant un peu de l\'eau du lac sacré, chez eux, pour le verser à nouveau sur leur représentation personnelle du dieu Shiva lors de futures prières.\r\n\r\n- Enfin, la journée qui suit Maha Shivaratree, chaque dévot devra se rendre au temple pour effectuer quatre sessions de prières qui ont déjà commencé pendant la nuit et seront faites uniquement à Grand Bassin pour certains :\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n- 1ère session : de 6 à 9h.\r\n\r\n- 2ème session : 9 à 12h\r\n\r\n- 3ème session : 12 à 15h\r\n\r\n- 4ème session : 15h à 6h.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi s\'achève la grande nuit de Shiva à Maurice, dans la joie et la sérénité, chacun gardant secrète la bénédiction que Shiva a bien voulu lui accorder...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Cf Amaury de Riencourt, 1985 - <em>L\'âme de l\'Inde, </em>p. 15 et pp. 126-226. On retrouve cette division tripartique du divin dans d\'autres cultures et religions comme le taoisme ou le christianisme.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Ce terme désigne, dans l\'hindouisme, l\'énergie féminine, le principe actif et extériorisé d\'une divinité masculine. Le <em>shaktisme</em> est aussi un courant tantrique de l\'Inde dont on retrouve les premières références littéraires au VIII<sup>ème </sup>siècle. Cf le <em>Dictionnaire Héritage du Sansrit</em> de Gérard Huet.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]</a> Rappelons d\'ailleurs que Shiva est un dieu androgyne.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]</a> Le lait est considéré comme un élément et un aliment pur pour les hindous. Cf la rubrique côté cusine.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]</a> Cette confection du <em>kanwar</em> donnait lieu, à Maurice, jusqu\'à très récemment, à une compétition, présidée par un comité, qui visait à élire le plus beau <em>Kanwar. </em>Toutefois, celle-ci a été abandonnée pour des raisons évidentes puisqu\'elle éloignait les dévots du but premier du pèlerinage purement spirituel.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]</a> Fait référence à l\'ancien Royaume de Kashi devenu la Principauté de Bénarès en 1740 et lieu de résidence de Kashi Naresh, chef religieux du XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle, considéré comme une incarnation de Shiva.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]</a> Pour de plus amples informations, je vous invite à lire l\'ouvrage d\'Alexandre Astier, 2013 - <em>L\'hindouisme </em>; Paris : Eyrolles, 220p.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]</a> Prêtes hindous.','Maha shivaratree','','inherit','closed','closed','','1544-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 10:36:43','2018-03-13 06:36:43','',1544,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1544-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1674,2,'2018-03-13 10:39:04','2018-03-13 06:39:04','Parler de l\'identité pour un anthropologue, c\'est parler de l\'identité culturelle d\'un peuple et donc, des différents groupes ethniques qui la compose.\r\n\r\nMaurice offre une diversité ethnique et culturelle intéressante pour tous les visiteurs. Certes, c\'est la cas de la majorité des pays du monde toutefois, Maurice présente la particularité de faire cohabiter ces différents groupes sur un petit territoire qui est, de plus, insulaire. Cette situation renforce l\'isolement et la relative nécessité de maintenir un certain équilibre dans les rapports socio-culturels.\r\n<h2><strong>Une identité construite sur l\'Histoire</strong></h2>\r\n<strong><em>Le peuplement de l\'île</em></strong>\r\n\r\nBien que l\'île servit d\'escale aux Portugais lors de leur conquête des comptoirs arabes de la côte africaine de l\'Océan Indien, C\'est véritablement au XVI ème siècle que ce petit bout de terre voit débarquer les premiers colons européens : les Hollandais. L\'île est alors déserte et les colons voit dans ce nouveau territoire l\'opportunité d\'implanter une colonie économiquement stratégique dans le commerce des épices. D\'ores et déjà installés sur l\'île de Java, Les hollandais tentent de s\'installer sur ce nouveau territoire, tout en empêchant les Anglais et les Français, déjà présents dans l\'Océan Indien sur l\'île de Bourbon, de venir à leur tour.\r\n\r\nLes conditions de vie sont alors particulièrement difficiles du fait de la rareté des denrées, d\'où de nombreuses famines, mais aussi la rudesse du climent avec la fréquence annuelle des cyclones, ravageant les quelqes habitations construites.\r\n\r\nToutefois, la participation des Hollandais au développement de l\'île fut essentielle. Ils furent notamment les premiers à introduire la canne à sucre et de nombreux arbres fruitiers comme les manguiers, les litchis ou les goyaviers. Des animaux tels que les cochons, les chèvres et les cerfs furent également introduits. La canne à sucre réclamant le recours à une main d\'oeuvre importante et compétente, de nombreux esclaves, originaires de Java, Madagascar et autres pays du continent africain, furent amenés pour travailler la canne. ILs participèrent, bien malgré eux mais de manière fondamentale, à l\'essor du commerce du sucre dans cette partie du monde. A titre indicatif, à la fin du XVIIème siècle, vivaient environ 200 hollandais et entre 500 et 1000 esclaves, dont les descendants, majoritairement métissés, constitue la communauté créole mauricienne.\r\n\r\nOn doit également aux Holandais le nom originel de l\'île - qui est à nouveau le sien suite à l\'implantation anglaise - <em>Mauritius, </em>en hommage au Prince hollandais <em>Maurice de Nassau, prince d’Orange. </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"377\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Prince Maurice de Nassau, Prince d\'Orange. https://www.wikiart.org/en/john-riley/prince-maurice-of-nassau-prince-of-orange</em>\r\n\r\nEn 1710, las de la rigueur du climat, la rudesse des conditions de vie et les multiples tentatives d\'installation des Français et Anglais, les Hollandais quittent définitivement l\'île. Aujourd\'hui, de nombreux lieux témoignent de leur présence par leur nom comme le célèbre mont de Pieter Both ou les Plaines Wilhems.\r\n\r\nRemarque : on attribue souvent la responsabilté de la disparition du célèbre volatile endémique, le <em>Dodo, </em>aux Hollandais. Cependant, bien qu\'il est sûr que les Hollandais ont très largement consommé celui-ci, sa disparition ne serait pas uniquement imputable au seul \"appétit\" des seuls humais alors présent sur l\'île. Une cause génétique est également avancée par les spécialistes.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>La période française</em></strong>\r\n\r\nLes Français commencèrent leur colonisation de l\'île. Leur installation fut grandement facilitée par leur présence sur deux îles \"voisines\" des Mascareignes, <em>l’Île Bourbon</em> (aujourd’hui <em>La Réunion</em>) et <em>Madagascar</em>. Tout d\'abord envisagée comme base de protection contre les nombreux pirates convoitant alors les richesses transportées par les bateaux commerçant avec l’Inde, la France prend réellement possession de l\'île en 1715 au nom de Louis XIV. Celle-ci est rebaptisée Isl<em>e de France </em>XVIII<sup>ème</sup> siècle. Commence alors la période française. Dès 1721, le Roi de France cède l\'île à la Compagnie des Indes.Une nouvelle prise de l\'île en 1721 semble être à l\'origine de la colonisation à proprement dite.\r\n\r\nLes premiers Français à venir s’installer dans ce nouveau pays étaient surtout originaires des régions côtières de la France, comme la Bretagne ou la Normandie <em>(mettre carte) </em>mais aussi de régions plus éloignées des côtes comme la Lorraine ou la région Rhône-Alpes. Bon nombre d’entre eux quittèrent leur pays, où ils étaient très pauvres, avec le secret espoir d\'une vie meilleure. Ils furent ainsi les premiers <em>travailleurs</em> <em>engagés </em>du pays<em>. </em>Afin de les inciter à rester dans la colonie et de la développer, la Compagnie des Indes leur proposer un engagement de plusieurs années au terme duquel ils se voyaient offrir un lopin de terre.\r\n\r\nParmi les nombreux gouverneurs qui se succédèrent à la direction de ce nouveau territoir, retenons celui qui est certainement le plus célèbre d\'entre eux : <strong><em>Bertrand François Mahé de la Bourdonnais,</em></strong> comte de son état.\r\n\r\nOriginaire de la ville bretonne de Saint-Malo et nommé par le Roi de France en 1735. Homme inspiré, l\'île connu un véritable essor sous sa gouvernance avec notamment la construction de fortifications et du port où se trouve aujourd’hui la capitale du Port-Louis, qui était alors appelée <em>Le</em> <em>Camp, </em>et où furent construits de nombreux bateaux. Il y fit également bâtir un hôpital ainsi que la première sucrerie, dans le quartier de Pamplemousse où fut construite sa demeure, <em>le Château de Monplaisir, </em>et aménagés de magnifiques jardins, dont les nombreux vergers contribuèrent à nourrir les ouvriers et les soldats.\r\n\r\nLa prospérité grandissante de l\'île était liée à la culture et au commerce du sucre et donc inévitablement à la traite négrière, alors approuvée par les entités politiques européennes et africaines, les esclaves étant alors originaires d\'Afrique de l\'ouest, centrale et australe.\r\n\r\nEn 1780, l\'île comptait 48 000 hbitants et le port de Port-Louis est alors aussi important que ceux de Bombay ou Madras. Toutefois, l\'Isle de France, de part sa position géographique et son développement continue de susciter les convoitises, notamment de ses rivaux anglais contre lesquelles les flottes françaises ne cessent de lutter depuis 1792. Le 10 juillet 1810, les Anglais parviennent à s\'emparer de l\'Ile Bourbon (La Réunion), grâce notamment au recrutement de 3000 cipayes supplémentaires par l\'armée britannique. En août, la flotte britannique tente une prise de l\'île en attaquant la base française de Vieux Grand Port. Toutefois, après une bataille acharnée et la dérive de plusieurs navires, les Français remportent la victoire. Loin d\'en rester là, les Anglais planifient une nouvelle attaque, notemment grâce au renfort en provenance de Bombay, Madras et le Cap de Bonne-Espérance. Fin novembre 1810, ils prennent possession de Rodrigues. Les troupes britanniques se rassemblent et décident d\'une nouvelle attaque, fortes d\'une flotte de 70 navires,en arrivant cette fois par le nord de l\'île, au lieu dit de <strong>Cap Malheureux.</strong> Suite à la rédition française, un cessé le feu le 2 décembre 1810. L\'Isle de France tomba définitivement aux mains de l\'Angleterre.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Occupation britannique</em></strong>\r\n\r\nL’Île Maurice devint donc propriété de la couronne d’Angleterre au début du XIX<sup>ème</sup> siècle. L\'île constituait avant tout, Toutefois, un point stratégique, dans l\'Océan Indien, dans la \"course\" au commerce des épices qui opposaient Anglais et Français. La culture de la canne étant alors parfaitement maîtrisée par les planteurs d\'origine française, ceux-ci furent autorisés par les Britanniques et purent, notamment continuer de parler leur langue maternelle. D\'ailleurs, notons que l\'anglais n’est devenu langue obligatoire, dans l’enseignement et dans l’administration, qu’à partir de 1832 et langue officielle du pays en 1847.\r\n\r\nSous l\'administration britannique, beaucoup d\'infrastructures se développèrent comme la création de lignes de chemin de fer et de celles du télégraphe, permettant ainsi les communications entre l\'Île Maurice et l\'Europe, puis l\'Inde.\r\n\r\nNombreux furent les colons français qui décidèrent de rester sur le nouveau territoire britannique. Véritables citoyens mauriciens, ils n’entretenaient alors plus guère de relations avec leur pays d\'origine et leurs ascendants. Grâce à la culture de la canne, qui put se perpétrer grâce aux <em>Coolies</em> ou <em>travailleurs engagés</em> - suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage en 1835 et donc disparition d\'une main d\'œuvre \"gratuite\" - originaires de ce qui était alors l\'empire britannique indien, ces nouvelles familles mauriciennes prospérèrent et purent acheter de nouvelles plantations.\r\n\r\nCependant, suite au développement croissant de la population, de l\'économie et de l\'indianisation de l\'île, ainsi que le contexte mondial, celle-ci devint, le 12 mars 1968 - malgré le vote négatif des Rodriguais et bon nombre de planteurs d\'origine européenne - indépendante et dirigée par celui qui était son Premier Ministre depuis 1962 : Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, chef du Parti Travailliste et considéré comme le père de la nation.\r\n<h2><strong>Une identité construite sur l\'origine ethnique</strong></h2>\r\nIl n\'y a pas de peuple autochtone lorsque les Européens foulent le sol de cette île des Mascareignes. On devrait parler donc parler de peuplement plutôt que de colonisation tout comme ce fut le cas à la Réunion.\r\n\r\nLes groupes ethniques en présence sont donc, dès l\'origine, <strong>européens</strong>, à savoir <strong>Hollandais</strong>, <strong>Français</strong> puis <strong>Britanniques</strong>, puis d\'<strong>origine africaine</strong> avec l\'introduction d\'esclaves dans l\'île. Mentionnons cependant que tous les individus originaires du continent africain, et alors présents dans l\'île, n\'étaient pas des esclaves. En effet....\r\n\r\nBeaucoup d\'<strong>indiens</strong> sont également présents sur l\'île dès la période française, du fait notamment de la présence française à Pondichéry. L\'ethnie majoritairement représentée est alors <strong>tamoule</strong> et exerce surtout le métier de commerçant mais si certains se spécialisent dans la culture de la canne et deviennent de grands propriétaires terriens.\r\n\r\nDès 1835 et jusqu\'à 1865, sous présence britannique, afin de compenser le manque de main d\'oeuvre suite à l\'abolition de l\'esclavage, 200 000<strong> immigrants indiens et chinois</strong> arrivèrent à Maurice et modifièrent de manière radicale et irréversible, la composition ethnique de la population mauricienne. Les travailleurs engagés indiens ou <strong><em>Coolies</em></strong> représentèrent dès lors la majorité de la main d\'oeuvre agricole puis rapidement le groupe ethnique majoritaire dans le pays. Les Chinois, quant à eux, se spécialisèrent, dès leur arrivée, dans les activités commerçantes. Depuis plus d\'une trentaine d\'années, Maurice favorise également la venue d\'investisseurs étrangers et expatriés des quatre coins du monde (notamment grâce à son programme d\'expatriation qui attire de nombreux retraités européens) qui viennent enrichir la culture locale.\r\n<h2>Une identité basée sur la langue.</h2>\r\nBien que le créole ne soit pas une langue à proprement dit mais un dialecte, il est parlé par l\'ensemble des Mauriciens. Véritable lien unificateur, il dérive de l\'ancien français et c\'est enrichi du vocabulaire d\'autres langues, au fil des migrations, comme le <em>Bhojpuri</em> ou <em>l\'anglais</em>.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, Maurice est un pays multiculturel, qui continue son développement et la construction de son identité.\r\n<h2></h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'identité mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','7-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 10:39:04','2018-03-13 06:39:04','',7,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/7-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1675,2,'2018-03-13 15:57:25','2018-03-13 11:57:25','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">La cuisine mauricienne, une identité nationale</h1>\r\n \r\n\r\nS\'il est un élément qui unit profondément un peuple, c\'est aucun doute sa cuisine. Unificateur identitaire par excellence, la cuisine mauricienne en est un parfait exemple car chacune de ses facettes reflète les différentes origines ethniques de ceux qui la composent, la créent et la remodèlent chaque jour. Véritable élément de transmission familiale, chaque plat qui constitue la cuisine mauricienne est d\'origine multiculturelle, à l\'instar de son peuple, et résulte d\'un savoir connu par l\'ensemble des Mauriciens, toute origine ethnique confondue.\r\n\r\nAinsi, la cusine mauricienne est enrichie de plats d\'origine créole, indienne, européenne et chinoise. Nous vous proposons, dans cette rubrique, de découvrir les plus célèbres d\'entre eux, en image, en retraçant leurs origines et en découvrant ce qu\'ils représentent aux yeux de ceux qui les \"créent\" et les \"recréent\" chaque jour en n\'y laissant une pincée d\'eux-mêmes...\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"> A vos papilles!</h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photo de l\'auteure : bol renversé.</em>','Côté cuisine','','inherit','closed','closed','','11-revision-v1','','','2018-03-13 15:57:25','2018-03-13 11:57:25','',11,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/11-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1676,2,'2018-03-14 16:24:14','2018-03-14 12:24:14','<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Joyeux anniversaire Maurice! </strong></h1>\r\nMaurice fête aujourd\'hui, le 12 mars 2018, ses 50 ans d\'indépendance. Bravo pour le chemin parcouru depuis le 12 mars 1968 et joyeux anniversaire à tout le peuple mauricien!\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>50 ans d\'Indépendance pour Maurice : des Mauriciens témoignent .</strong></h1>\r\n<strong> </strong>\r\n\r\n\"Mo pensé lor 50 ans l\'indépendens Moris, cé ene pensé mitigé. prémiermen mo pensé ki tou pays ena droit a so l\'indépendens et pou sa mo kontan ki Moris ine resi gagne céki pou li mé force à constaté ki Moris ena boucou travail pou li fer. Car ena boucou abus de nou banne politiciens sans ki lé peuple réagir. Politicien pé pratique ene certaine politik bananiére, ena boucou corruption ec tou sa divan nou lizié sans aucun sanction. Ena certaine l\'endroit dan Moris ki laissé pour compte, cé ene banne l\'endroit ki p multiplié avec droguer, sans ki gouvernement réagir. Moris ena 2 visages, visage métro express,cibercity, villa de luxe, Res etc... ec visage cité kot zenes p vivre dan l\'enfer la drogue,kot salaire minimum li 9000 mé prix tou lé zour augmenté. En conclusion, Moris ena boucou simé pou li fer pou l\'égalité entre moricien ec aussi pou so prospérité mé pou sa, cé tou lé peuple moricien peu importe so communauté ki bisin marse ensam.\" <strong><em>J.U., 29 ans, Batterie Cassée,</em> <em>Mars 2018.</em></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\" Je suis fière d\'être Mauricienne. C\'est une identité propre à soi. C\'est un pays multiculturel, multiracial, riche en couleurs, histoire et héritage. Pour moi, les 50 ans de l\'Indépendance de mon pays signifie un long combat vers la liberté et l\'expression de ce mélange de cultures et de races. Ce que je prévois pour Maurice à l\'avenir? De jours en jours, notre pays s\'engage dans une marche vers la modernisation. Dans les années qui suivront, je pense que la technologie primera à Maurice sur tous les plans. Mais attention au revers de la médaille...\" <strong><em>Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mars 2018.</em></strong>\r\n\r\n\"La fête de l\'indépendance est une date qui m\'est chère, elle représente pour moi l\'anniversaire de mon pays... Et aujourd\'hui pour ma petite île, c\'est 50 ans d\'autonomie, ou elle a pu se développer, se fortifier, affirmer sa personnalité... et cela me rend fier, fier d\'en être arrivé là, après seulement 50 ans. C\'est déjà un demi siècle d<span lang=\"en-US\">\'existence, c\'est énorme et rien à la fois, mais on peut faire le premier point sur le chemin parcouru depuis ce 12 mars 1968 où ma patrie est née\". <strong><em>Sébastien, 16 ans, Trou aux Biches, mars 2018.</em></strong></span>\r\n\r\n\"À chaque 12 mars, j\'éprouve les mêmes sentiments. Un mélange de mélancolie, de tristesse et de gaieté. Mon père est né à Maurice alors que ma mère a pris naissance sur l\'île de Diego Garcia aux Chagos. Quand je pense que le pays de mon père a vendu celui de ma mère pour obtenir son indépendance, il est difficile d\'être complètement heureuse de cette vérité de l\'histoire. En même temps, Maurice reste ma terre bien aimée, le pays ou je suis né, le pays ou j\'ai choisi de rester ( car j\'aurai pu partir vivre en Angleterre détenant un passport britannique). C\'est aussi le pays où j\'ai construit ma famille étant maman de deux enfants. Alors si j\'ai un souhait à faire à l\'occasion de ces 50 ans, ce serait que Maurice et les Mauriciens soient aux côtés des Chagossiens pour que ce peuple retourne sur leur terre. C\'est un droit. Et c\'est légitime. Que notre quadricolore flotte haut, et qu\'il soit un symbole de réconciliation. Anou garde lespwar. Bon fet tou dimoun\". <strong><em>Michaëlla Séblin, 44 ans, Vacoas, mars 2018.</em></strong>\r\n\r\n<em> </em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em>Photo de Ruthsy Lajoie. Caudan, Port-Louis, 2018.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong><u> </u></strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong> </strong>','50ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1549-revision-v1','','','2018-03-14 16:24:14','2018-03-14 12:24:14','',1549,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1549-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1677,2,'2018-03-14 17:13:36','2018-03-14 13:13:36','L\'église de Cap Malheureux, <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em> (Notre Dame Secours de Chrétiens) est un bâtiment incontournable du patrimoine culturel mauricien. Située dans le village de Cap Malheureux (village nommé ainsi par les Français suite à leur dernière bataille contre les flottes anglaises qui leur value la perte de l\'île), dans le district de Rivière du Rempart, elle fut bâtie en 1756 en hommage à de nombreuses victimes de naufrages sur cette partie des côtes nordistes du pays.\n\nSon toit rouge et ses murs blancs de nacre font désormais partis de tous les guides et autres dépliants touristiques. Construite face à la mer, sa beauté n\'a d\'égal que sa simplicité. Elle est une halte de recueillement et de découverte pour tout visiteur. Symbole romantique par excellence, on y vient des quatre coins du monde pour y être photographié avec son âme soeur! Pas un jour ne se passe sans que vous ne rencontriez de nouveaux mariés devant ses murs, notamment les Chinois particulièrement friands du lieu.\n\nÀ\n\n \n\n ','Eglise Cap Malheureux','','inherit','closed','closed','','1456-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-14 17:13:36','2018-03-14 13:13:36','',1456,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1456-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1678,2,'2018-03-14 17:14:21','2018-03-14 13:14:21','L\'église de Cap Malheureux, <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em> (Notre Dame Secours de Chrétiens) est un bâtiment incontournable du patrimoine culturel mauricien. Située dans le village de Cap Malheureux (village nommé ainsi par les Français suite à leur dernière bataille contre les flottes anglaises qui leur value la perte de l\'île), dans le district de Rivière du Rempart, elle fut bâtie en 1756 en hommage à de nombreuses victimes de naufrages sur cette partie des côtes nordistes du pays.\r\n\r\nSon toit rouge et ses murs blancs de nacre font désormais partis de tous les guides et autres dépliants touristiques. Construite face à la mer, halte de recueillement et de découverte pour tout visiteur, sa beauté n\'a d\'égal que sa simplicité. Symbole romantique par excellence, on y vient des quatre coins du monde pour y être photographié avec son âme soeur! Pas un jour ne se passe sans que vous ne rencontriez de nouveaux mariés devant ses murs, notamment les Chinois particulièrement friands du lieu.\r\n\r\nÀ ne manquer!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Eglise Cap Malheureux','','inherit','closed','closed','','1456-revision-v1','','','2018-03-14 17:14:21','2018-03-14 13:14:21','',1456,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1456-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1688,2,'2018-04-17 21:10:04','2018-04-17 17:10:04','<h2><strong>Chez Tino</strong></h2>\nUne cuisine mauricienne authentique, un lieu magnifique et un accueil chaleureux, voici ce que vous offre le restaurant <em>Chez Tino. </em>un lieu qui<em> </em>existe depuis 1985 et ne cesse de faire parler de lui! Véritable institution familiale, le restaurant tire son nom du propriétaire des lieux <em>Tino </em>qui faisait le service tandis que sa femme<em> Fleurette -</em> le cœur du restaurant d\'après ses petits enfants<em> - </em>était aux fourneaux!<em> </em>\n\nAujourd\'hui, l\'aventure continue car<em> Tino</em> et <em>Fleurette</em> ont été rejoints par leurs enfants<em> Ricardo</em> et <em>Gilda</em> ainsi que leurs petits enfants! On n\'accourt de toute l\'île pour découvrir des saveurs et des plats sans cesse réinventés. Ainsi, l\'excellente surprise culinaire d\'une paella nouvelle version : la paella tropicale spéciale <em>Tino</em>! Un régal!\n\nÀ découvrir absolument!\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1609\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1610\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1611\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\n\nPaëlla spéciale Tino. Splendide vue de la terrasse du restaurant sur la baie de Trou d\'Eau Douce/ Ananas aux crevettes. Photos de l\'auteure. 2017.\n<h2>La Demeure Saint-Antoine</h2>\n \n\n<strong>Partez pour un voyage culinaire raffiné et authentique qui fera frémir de bonheur vos papilles de gourmet! </strong>C\'est cela que vous offre la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine. </em></strong>\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1757\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-148-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1753\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-138-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\n\nNiché au coeur de la campagne mauricienne, dans le cadre enchanteur et chargé d\'histoire d\'une maison coloniale construite en 1830 par Edmond de Chazal, la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong></em> fait incontestablement partie du patrimoine architectural et culturel mauricien. Son restaurant vous accueille sous la varangue à colonades, offrant une vue spectaculaire sur le jardin luxuriant du domaine. Le charme intemporel du lieu n\'a d\'égal que le raffinement de ses tables qui s\'habillent de nappes de coton immaculé, réhaussées d\'une vaisselle de porcelaine délicate et élégante, qui vous permettront de déguster une authentique cuisine gastronomique.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1754\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-143-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1755\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-145-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" />\n\nGoûteux de saveurs locales, les mets sont réhaussés d\'une petite pointe d\'originalité née au savoir-faire remarquable de son chef mauricien et régaleront les plus fins connaisseurs, faisant incontestablement du restaurant de la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong> </em>une des meilleures table d\'hôtes de la côte nord mauricienne.\n\nÀ découvrir absolument par tous les fins gourmets!\n\nLe restaurant vous accueille du mardi au samedi pour vos déjeuners ou dîner et l\'organisation de tout repas événementiel sur réservations : http://lademeuresaintantoine.com/infos-pratiques/\n\n• À noter que la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine </em></strong>vous propose également des séjours en chambres d\'hôtes.\n\n \n\n \n\n ','Restaurants','','inherit','closed','closed','','1608-autosave-v1','','','2018-04-17 21:10:04','2018-04-17 17:10:04','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1608-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1689,2,'2018-03-16 22:03:33','2018-03-16 18:03:33','<h2><strong>Chez Tino</strong></h2>\r\nUne cuisine mauricienne authentique, un lieu magnifique et un accueil chaleureux, voici ce que vous offre le restaurant <em>Chez Tino. </em>un lieu qui<em> </em>existe depuis 1985 et ne cesse de faire parler de lui! Véritable institution familiale, le restaurant tire son nom du propriétaire des lieux <em>Tino </em>qui faisait le service tandis que sa femme<em> Fleurette -</em> le cœur du restaurant d\'après ses petits enfants<em> - </em>était aux fourneaux!<em> </em>\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, l\'aventure continue car<em> Tino</em> et <em>Fleurette</em> ont été rejoints par leurs enfants<em> Ricardo</em> et <em>Gilda</em> ainsi que leurs petits enfants! On n\'accourt de toute l\'île pour découvrir des saveurs et des plats sans cesse réinventés. Ainsi, l\'excellente surprise culinaire d\'une paella nouvelle version : la paella tropicale spéciale <em>Tino</em>! Un régal!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1609\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1610\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1611\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPaëlla spéciale Tino. Splendide vue de la terrasse du restaurant sur la baie de Trou d\'Eau Douce/ Ananas aux crevettes. Photos de l\'auteure. 2017.\r\n\r\n ','Restaurants','','inherit','closed','closed','','1608-revision-v1','','','2018-03-16 22:03:33','2018-03-16 18:03:33','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1608-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1690,2,'2018-03-16 22:04:36','2018-03-16 18:04:36','<h2><strong>Chez Tino</strong></h2>\r\nUne cuisine mauricienne authentique, un lieu magnifique et un accueil chaleureux, voici ce que vous offre le restaurant <em>Chez Tino. </em>un lieu qui<em> </em>existe depuis 1985 et ne cesse de faire parler de lui! Véritable institution familiale, le restaurant tire son nom du propriétaire des lieux <em>Tino </em>qui faisait le service tandis que sa femme<em> Fleurette -</em> le cœur du restaurant d\'après ses petits enfants<em> - </em>était aux fourneaux!<em> </em>\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, l\'aventure continue car<em> Tino</em> et <em>Fleurette</em> ont été rejoints par leurs enfants<em> Ricardo</em> et <em>Gilda</em> ainsi que leurs petits enfants! On n\'accourt de toute l\'île pour découvrir des saveurs et des plats sans cesse réinventés. Ainsi, l\'excellente surprise culinaire d\'une paella nouvelle version : la paella tropicale spéciale <em>Tino</em>! Un régal!\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1609\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1610\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1611\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPaëlla spéciale Tino. Splendide vue de la terrasse du restaurant sur la baie de Trou d\'Eau Douce/ Ananas aux crevettes. Photos de l\'auteure. 2017.\r\n\r\n ','Restaurants','','inherit','closed','closed','','1608-revision-v1','','','2018-03-16 22:04:36','2018-03-16 18:04:36','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1608-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1692,2,'2018-03-16 22:19:43','2018-03-16 18:19:43','<strong><u>La mairie de Curepipe </u></strong>\n\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\n\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\n\n \n\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"353\" />\n\nMairie de Curepipe en 1930. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>\n\n \n\n \n\nL\'église de Cap Malheureux, <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em> (Notre Dame Secours de Chrétiens) est un bâtiment incontournable du patrimoine culturel mauricien. Située dans le village de Cap Malheureux (village nommé ainsi par les Français suite à leur dernière bataille contre les flottes anglaises qui leur value la perte de l\'île), dans le district de Rivière du Rempart, elle fut bâtie en 1756 en hommage à de nombreuses victimes de naufrages sur cette partie des côtes nordistes du pays.\n\nSon toit rouge et ses murs blancs de nacre font désormais partis de tous les guides et autres dépliants touristiques. Construite face à la mer, halte de recueillement et de découverte pour tout visiteur, sa beauté n\'a d\'égal que sa simplicité. Symbole romantique par excellence, on y vient des quatre coins du monde pour y être photographié avec son âme soeur! Pas un jour ne se passe sans que vous ne rencontriez de nouveaux mariés devant ses murs, notamment les Chinois particulièrement friands du lieu.\n\nÀ ne manquer!','Lieux','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-revision-v1','','','2018-03-16 22:19:43','2018-03-16 18:19:43','',13,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/13-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1693,2,'2018-03-16 22:20:20','2018-03-16 18:20:20','','P1150113','','inherit','open','closed','','p1150113','','','2018-03-16 22:20:20','2018-03-16 18:20:20','',13,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150113.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1694,2,'2018-03-16 22:20:36','2018-03-16 18:20:36','','P1150115','','inherit','open','closed','','p1150115','','','2018-03-16 22:20:36','2018-03-16 18:20:36','',13,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150115.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1695,2,'2018-03-16 22:20:46','2018-03-16 18:20:46','','P1150105','','inherit','open','closed','','p1150105','','','2018-03-16 22:20:46','2018-03-16 18:20:46','',13,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150105.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1696,2,'2018-03-16 22:21:00','2018-03-16 18:21:00','<strong><u>La mairie de Curepipe </u></strong>\r\n\r\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"353\" />\r\n\r\nMairie de Curepipe en 1930. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1693\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150113-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1694\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150115-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1695\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150105-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" />\r\n\r\nL\'église de Cap Malheureux, <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em> (Notre Dame Secours de Chrétiens) est un bâtiment incontournable du patrimoine culturel mauricien. Située dans le village de Cap Malheureux (village nommé ainsi par les Français suite à leur dernière bataille contre les flottes anglaises qui leur value la perte de l\'île), dans le district de Rivière du Rempart, elle fut bâtie en 1756 en hommage à de nombreuses victimes de naufrages sur cette partie des côtes nordistes du pays.\r\n\r\nSon toit rouge et ses murs blancs de nacre font désormais partis de tous les guides et autres dépliants touristiques. Construite face à la mer, halte de recueillement et de découverte pour tout visiteur, sa beauté n\'a d\'égal que sa simplicité. Symbole romantique par excellence, on y vient des quatre coins du monde pour y être photographié avec son âme soeur! Pas un jour ne se passe sans que vous ne rencontriez de nouveaux mariés devant ses murs, notamment les Chinois particulièrement friands du lieu.\r\n\r\nÀ ne manquer!','Lieux','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-revision-v1','','','2018-03-16 22:21:00','2018-03-16 18:21:00','',13,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/13-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1697,2,'2018-03-18 12:27:30','2018-03-18 08:27:30','<h2><strong><u>La mairie de Curepipe </u></strong></h2>\r\nMagnifique maison de type coloniale, la mairie de la ville de Curepipe, située sur les hauteurs du (presque) centre de l\'île dans le district de Plaines Wilhems , reste un bâtiment rare, à Maurice, et digne d\'intérêt part la préservation de son patrimoine architectural et son histoire. Demeure coloniale du XIX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, l\'hôtel de ville est désormais un bâtiment incontournable pour tout visiteur désirant découvrir Curepipe, qui obtint son statut de ville en 1890.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1504\" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe-1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"541\" height=\"406\" />\r\n\r\nPhoto de l\'auteure. Curepipe, 2015.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"attachment-266x266 \" src=\"http://blogsb.messagemedia.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/MairieCurepipe1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"353\" />\r\n\r\nMairie de Curepipe en 1930. Source : <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/</a>\r\n<h2>L\'église de Cap Malheureux ; <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em></h2>\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1693\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150113-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1694\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150115-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1695\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/P1150105-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" />\r\n\r\nL\'église de Cap Malheureux, <em>Notre Dame auxiliatrice</em> (Notre Dame Secours de Chrétiens) est un bâtiment incontournable du patrimoine culturel mauricien. Située dans le village de Cap Malheureux (village nommé ainsi par les Français suite à leur dernière bataille contre les flottes anglaises qui leur value la perte de l\'île), dans le district de Rivière du Rempart, elle fut bâtie en 1756 en hommage à de nombreuses victimes de naufrages sur cette partie des côtes nordistes du pays.\r\n\r\nSon toit rouge et ses murs blancs de nacre font désormais partis de tous les guides et autres dépliants touristiques. Construite face à la mer, halte de recueillement et de découverte pour tout visiteur, sa beauté n\'a d\'égal que sa simplicité. Symbole romantique par excellence, on y vient des quatre coins du monde pour y être photographié avec son âme soeur! Pas un jour ne se passe sans que vous ne rencontriez de nouveaux mariés devant ses murs, notamment les Chinois particulièrement friands du lieu.\r\n\r\nÀ ne manquer!','Lieux','','inherit','closed','closed','','13-revision-v1','','','2018-03-18 12:27:30','2018-03-18 08:27:30','',13,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/13-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1698,2,'2018-03-18 12:30:59','2018-03-18 08:30:59','<h2>La fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi</h2>\r\nCélébrée chaque année, la fête de <em><strong>Yugadi</strong></em> ou <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, tire son nom du sanskrit : <em>yuga = </em>ère et <em>adi = </em>début et signifie donc littéralement, le début d\'une nouvelle ère.\r\n\r\nFêtée à Maurice par le groupe ethnique <em><strong>Télugu</strong> </em>entre la mi-mars et début avril, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> est le jour où le dieu <em><strong>Brahma</strong></em>, d\'après le mythe qui s\'y rapporte, a créé l\'univers. Ce jour propice marque un changement dans l\'orbite lunaire du nouveau calendrier hindou. Les calendriers lunaires comportent un cycle de 60 ans qui commencent le jour d\'<em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, chaque soixantième année portant un nom unique et donc identifiable individuellement. Ce jour symbolise également le début du Printemps, <em><strong>Vasantham </strong></em>et, par conséquent, le renouveau de la nature sous tous ses aspects. Jour faste par excellence, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> célèbre le renoueau de la vie sur terre et est donc célébré dans la joie, symbolisant la croissance et la prospérité.\r\n<h4>Le début des festivités</h4>\r\nAu début des festivités de <em><strong>Vasantha Navratri -</strong></em> signifiant littéralement les 9 nuits du Printemps et est relatif au culte de la déesse mère<em> <strong>Bhuvaneshwari, </strong></em>force originelle de l\'univers dont la présence est particulièrement puissante et bénéfique pendant <em>Navratri</em><em> </em>- qui durera 9 jours et s\'achèvera par <em><strong>Ramanavami, </strong></em>jour qui célèbre la naissance de Rama. De nombreux mantras sont chantés et des prédictions faites pour la future nouvelle année en ce jour d\'Ugadi, le moment clé de la célébration étant le<em><strong> Pachanga Shravanam,</strong></em> \"l\'ouïe de pachanga\", à savoir les prédictions astrologiques \"mondiales\" faites au temple, ou <strong><em>aalayam,</em></strong> par les prêtres officiants. D\'autres <em><strong>Tidhis, </strong></em>invoquant la richesse et la prospérité, sont également évoqués à la lecture du <em><strong>Pachanga </strong></em>au cours de l\'année et s\'achèvent sur des prévisions concernant les différents aspects de la vie sociale, les forces universelles ainsi que les effets des différentes constellations et leur transition.\r\n<h4>Les préparatifs et les ornements</h4>\r\nComme tout événement festif, la préparation d\'Ugadi se fait bien à l\'avance. Les maisons sont entièrement nettoyées et parfois en partie rénovées pour l\'occasion. Chacun achète des vêtements neufs dont il se parera le jour J, symbolisant ainsi le renouveau de l\'année et de toute chose. Le jour dUgadi, chacun se lève à l\'aube et commence la journée par un bain, après que le corps est était entièrement massé avec de l\'huile de sésame. Maisons, temples et autres lieux de prières sont entièrement décorés de fleurs fraîches et de feuilles de mangue ou <em><strong>toranaalu, </strong></em>symbolisant la positivité et le bien-être général souhaité pour la nouvelle année.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1706 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nParmi tous les ornements festifs, le plus célèbre est certainement les <em><strong>Muggulus, </strong></em>très représentés lors de fêtes hindoues et ornant l\'entrée principale de la maison. Véritable petite oeuvre d\'art, ils symbolisent les festivités, le bon augure et la positivité. Ils sont un incontournable de la célébration d\'Ugadi.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1704\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1705\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nPermettant de reprendre l\'année sur de nouvelles dispositions positives, Ugadi est le meilleur moment pour entreprendre de nouvelles intitiatives tant sur le plan personnel que professionnel. Le spirituel est au coeur de la fête, les prières, les rassemblements familiaux, les fanfares, les programmes culturels et les processions au temple étant autant de moyens d\'accéder aux bénédictions divines en raffirmissant les liens socio-culturels du groupe.\r\n<h4>Les mets</h4>\r\nEnfin, comme tout rassemblement festif, les repas sont au coeur de la fête et sont tout spécialement conçus pour l\'occasion. Néanmoins, le plus significatif reste l\'<em><strong>Ugadi Pacchadi</strong></em> constitué de six saveurs différentes, de l\'amer au doux, représentant ainsi métaphoriquement toutes les saveurs de la vie. Ce met est composé de :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>bourgeons de neem représentant la tristesse du fait de son amertume,</li>\r\n <li>de jaggery représentant la douceur du fait de son goût sucré,</li>\r\n <li>de piment vert représentant la colère par son goût fort et chaud</li>\r\n <li>de jus de tamarin représentant le dégoût par son aigreur</li>\r\n <li>de sel représentant la peur par son goût salé,</li>\r\n <li>de mangues non mûres représentant la surprise par son acidité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nTous les ingrédients sont moulus et mélangés afin de constituer une pâte fine dont la saveur aigre-douce rappelle à chaque dévot que la vie est une sucession et un mélange d\'événements parfois dramatiques, parfois heureux, mais que tous sont essentiels à celle-ci. Chaque participant à la célébration goûte cette pâte en méditant sur ce qu\'elle représente et sur la sagesse d\'accepter la vie pour ce qu\'elle est.\r\n\r\nBonne fête d\'Ugadi à tous les Telugus et à tous!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nP.S. : Un grand merci à <em>Aruna R., Poudra d\'or, Hamlet</em>, pour sa disponibilité et son partage d\'informations qui ont permis l\'écriture de cet article.\r\n\r\n<em>Photos originales d\'Aruna R.</em>','Ugadi','','publish','closed','closed','','ugadi','','','2021-04-13 10:00:52','2021-04-13 06:00:52','',9,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1698',0,'page','',0),(1699,2,'2018-03-18 12:30:59','2018-03-18 08:30:59','','Ugadi','','inherit','closed','closed','','1698-revision-v1','','','2018-03-18 12:30:59','2018-03-18 08:30:59','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1698-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1700,2,'2018-03-18 12:35:07','2018-03-18 08:35:07','','Ugadi2_1600_1200','','inherit','open','closed','','ugadi2_1600_1200','','','2018-03-18 12:35:07','2018-03-18 08:35:07','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Ugadi2_1600_1200.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1701,2,'2021-04-13 10:00:06','2021-04-13 06:00:06','<h2>La fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi</h2>\nCélébrée chaque année, la fête de <em><strong>Yugadi</strong></em> ou <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, tire son nom du sanskrit : <em>yuga = </em>ère et <em>adi = </em>début et signifie donc littéralement, le début d\'une nouvelle ère.\n\nFêtée à Maurice par le groupe ethnique <em><strong>Télugu</strong> </em>entre la mi-mars et début avril, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> est le jour où le dieu <em><strong>Brahma</strong></em>, d\'après le mythe qui s\'y rapporte, a créé l\'univers. Ce jour propice marque un changement dans l\'orbite lunaire du nouveau calendrier hindou. Les calendriers lunaires comportent un cycle de 60 ans qui commencent le jour d\'<em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, chaque soixantième année portant un nom unique et donc identifiable individuellement. Ce jour symbolise également le début du Printemps, <em><strong>Vasantham </strong></em>et, par conséquent, le renouveau de la nature sous tous ses aspects. Jour faste par excellence, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> célèbre le renoueau de la vie sur terre et est donc célébré dans la joie, symbolisant la croissance et la prospérité.\n<h4>Le début des festivités</h4>\nCe 18 mars correspond ainsi au début des festivités de <em><strong>Vasantha Navratri -</strong></em> signifiant littéralement les 9 nuits du Printemps et est relatif au culte de la déesse mère<em> <strong>Bhuvaneshwari, </strong></em>force originelle de l\'univers dont la présence est particulièrement puissante et bénéfique pendant <em>Navratri</em><em> </em>- qui durera 9 jours et s\'achèvera par <em><strong>Ramanavami, </strong></em>jour qui célèbre la naissance de Rama. De nombreux mantras sont chantés et des prédictions faites pour la future nouvelle année en ce jour d\'Ugadi, le moment clé de la célébration étant le<em><strong> Pachanga Shravanam,</strong></em> \"l\'ouïe de pachanga\", à savoir les prédictions astrologiques \"mondiales\" faites au temple, ou <strong><em>aalayam,</em></strong> par les prêtres officiants. D\'autres <em><strong>Tidhis, </strong></em>invoquant la richesse et la prospérité, sont également évoqués à la lecture du <em><strong>Pachanga </strong></em>au cours de l\'année et s\'achèvent sur des prévisions concernant les différents aspects de la vie sociale, les forces universelles ainsi que les effets des différentes constellations et leur transition.\n<h4>Les préparatifs et les ornements</h4>\nComme tout événement festif, la préparation d\'Ugadi se fait bien à l\'avance. Les maisons sont entièrement nettoyées et parfois en partie rénovées pour l\'occasion. Chacun achète des vêtements neufs dont il se parera le jour J, symbolisant ainsi le renouveau de l\'année et de toute chose. Le jour dUgadi, chacun se lève à l\'aube et commence la journée par un bain, après que le corps est était entièrement massé avec de l\'huile de sésame. Maisons, temples et autres lieux de prières sont entièrement décorés de fleurs fraîches et de feuilles de mangue ou <em><strong>toranaalu, </strong></em>symbolisant la positivité et le bien-être général souhaité pour la nouvelle année.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1706 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\n\nParmi tous les ornements festifs, le plus célèbre est certainement les <em><strong>Muggulus, </strong></em>très représentés lors de fêtes hindoues et ornant l\'entrée principale de la maison. Véritable petite oeuvre d\'art, ils symbolisent les festivités, le bon augure et la positivité. Ils sont un incontournable de la célébration d\'Ugadi.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1704\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1705\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\n\nPermettant de reprendre l\'année sur de nouvelles dispositions positives, Ugadi est le meilleur moment pour entreprendre de nouvelles intitiatives tant sur le plan personnel que professionnel. Le spirituel est au coeur de la fête, les prières, les rassemblements familiaux, les fanfares, les programmes culturels et les processions au temple étant autant de moyens d\'accéder aux bénédictions divines en raffirmissant les liens socio-culturels du groupe.\n<h4>Les mets</h4>\nEnfin, comme tout rassemblement festif, les repas sont au coeur de la fête et sont tout spécialement conçus pour l\'occasion. Néanmoins, le plus significatif reste l\'<em><strong>Ugadi Pacchadi</strong></em> constitué de six saveurs différentes, de l\'amer au doux, représentant ainsi métaphoriquement toutes les saveurs de la vie. Ce met est composé de :\n<ul>\n <li>bourgeons de neem représentant la tristesse du fait de son amertume,</li>\n <li>de jaggery représentant la douceur du fait de son goût sucré,</li>\n <li>de piment vert représentant la colère par son goût fort et chaud</li>\n <li>de jus de tamarin représentant le dégoût par son aigreur</li>\n <li>de sel représentant la peur par son goût salé,</li>\n <li>de mangues non mûres représentant la surprise par son acidité.</li>\n</ul>\nTous les ingrédients sont moulus et mélangés afin de constituer une pâte fine dont la saveur aigre-douce rappelle à chaque dévot que la vie est une sucession et un mélange d\'événements parfois dramatiques, parfois heureux, mais que tous sont essentiels à celle-ci. Chaque participant à la célébration goûte cette pâte en méditant sur ce qu\'elle représente et sur la sagesse d\'accepter la vie pour ce qu\'elle est.\n\nBonne fête d\'Ugadi à tous les Telugus et à tous!\n\n \n\nP.S. : Un grand merci à <em>Aruna R., Poudra d\'or, Hamlet</em>, pour sa disponibilité et son partage d\'informations qui ont permis l\'écriture de cet article.\n\n<em>Photos originales d\'Aruna R.</em>','Ugadi','','inherit','closed','closed','','1698-autosave-v1','','','2021-04-13 10:00:06','2021-04-13 06:00:06','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1698-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1702,2,'2018-03-18 13:35:52','2018-03-18 09:35:52','<h2>La fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi</h2>\r\nCélébrée, cette année 2018, le 18 mars, la fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi, tire son nom du sanskrit : <em>yuga = </em>ère et <em>adi = </em>début et signifie donc littéralement, le début d\'une nouvelle ère.\r\n\r\nFêtée à maurice par le groupe ethnique Télugu entre la mi-mars et début avril, Ugadi est le jour où le dieu Brahma, d\'après le mythe qui s\'y rapporte, a créé l\'univers. Ce jour propice marque un changement dans l\'orbite lunaire du nouveau calendrier hindou. Les calendriers lunaires comportent un cycle de 60 ans qui commencent le jour d\'Ugadi, chaque soixantième année portant un nom unique et donc identifiable individuellement. Ainsi, nous célébrons, en ce 18 mars 2018, <strong><em>VILAMBI NAAMA UGADI. </em></strong>Ce jour symbolise également le début du Printemps, <em>Vasantham</em> et, par conséquent, le renouveau de la nature sous tous ses aspects. Jour faste par excellence, Ugadi célèbre le renoueau de la vie sur terre et est donc célébré dans la joie et symbolise la croissance et la prospérité.\r\n\r\nCe 18 mars correspond au début des festivités de <em><strong>Vasantha Navratri -</strong></em> signifiant littéralement les 9 nuits du Printemps - qui durera 9 jours et s\'achèvera par <em><strong>Ramanavami, </strong></em>jour qui célèbre la naissance de Rama.','Ugadi','','inherit','closed','closed','','1698-revision-v1','','','2018-03-18 13:35:52','2018-03-18 09:35:52','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1698-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1703,2,'2018-03-18 17:37:29','2018-03-18 13:37:29','<h2>La fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi</h2>\r\nCélébrée, cette année 2018, le 18 mars, la fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi, tire son nom du sanskrit : <em>yuga = </em>ère et <em>adi = </em>début et signifie donc littéralement, le début d\'une nouvelle ère.\r\n\r\nFêtée à maurice par le groupe ethnique Télugu entre la mi-mars et début avril, Ugadi est le jour où le dieu Brahma, d\'après le mythe qui s\'y rapporte, a créé l\'univers. Ce jour propice marque un changement dans l\'orbite lunaire du nouveau calendrier hindou. Les calendriers lunaires comportent un cycle de 60 ans qui commencent le jour d\'Ugadi, chaque soixantième année portant un nom unique et donc identifiable individuellement. Ainsi, nous célébrons, en ce 18 mars 2018, <strong><em>VILAMBI NAAMA UGADI. </em></strong>Ce jour symbolise également le début du Printemps, <em>Vasantham</em> et, par conséquent, le renouveau de la nature sous tous ses aspects. Jour faste par excellence, Ugadi célèbre le renoueau de la vie sur terre et est donc célébré dans la joie et symbolise la croissance et la prospérité.\r\n\r\nCe 18 mars correspond au début des festivités de <em><strong>Vasantha Navratri -</strong></em> signifiant littéralement les 9 nuits du Printemps et relatif au culte de la déesse mère<em> <strong>Bhuvaneshwari, </strong></em>force originelle de l\'univers dont la présence et particulièrement et puissante et bénéfique pendant <em>Navratri</em><em> </em>- qui durera 9 jours et s\'achèvera par <em><strong>Ramanavami, </strong></em>jour qui célèbre la naissance de Rama. Mantras et prédictions sont chantés et faites pour la future nouvelle année le jour d\'Ugadi, le moment clé de la célébration étant le<em><strong> Pachanga Shravanam,</strong></em> \"l\'ouïe de pachanga\", à savoir les prédictions astrologiques \"mondiales\" faites au temple ou <strong><em>aalayam</em></strong> par les prêtres officiants. D\'autres <em><strong>Tidhis, </strong></em>invoquant la richesse et la prospérité, sont également évoqués à la lecture du <em><strong>Pachanga </strong></em>au cours de l\'année et s\'achève sur des prévisions concernant les diff♪0rents aspects de la vie sociale, les forces universelles ainsi que les effets des différentes constellations et leur transition.\r\n\r\nComme tout événement festif, la préparation d\'Ugadi se fait bien à l\'avance. Les maisons sont entièrement nettoyées et parfois en partie rénovées pour l\'occasion. Chacun achète des vêtements neufs dont il se parera le jour J, symbolisant ainsi le renouveau de l\'année et de toute chose. Le jour \'dUgadi, chacun se lève à l\'aube et commence la journée par un bain après que le corps est était entièrement massé avec de l\'huile de sésame. Maisons, temples, lieu de prières sont entièrement décorés de fleurs fraîches et de feuilles de mangue ou <em><strong>toranaalu, </strong></em>symbolisant la positivité et le bien-être général souhaité pour la nouvelle année. Parmi tous les ornements festifs, le plus célèbre est certainement les <em><strong>Muggulus, </strong></em>très représentés lors de fêtes hindoues et ornant l\'entrée principale de la maison. Véritable petite oeuvre d\'art, ils sont le symbole de festivités, bon augure et positivité, ils sont un incontournable de la célébration d\'Ugadi.\r\n\r\nPermettant de reprendre l\'année sur de nouvelles dispositions positives, Ugadi est le meilleur moment pour entreprendre de nouvelles intitiatives tant sur le plan personnel que professionnel. Le spirituel est au coeur de la fête, les prières, les rassemblements familiaux, les fanfares, les programmes culturels et les processions au temple étant autant de moyens d\'accéder aux bénédictions divines en raffirmissant les liens socio-culturels du groupe.\r\n\r\nEnfin, comme tout rassemblement festif, les repas sont au coeur de la fête et sont tout spécialement conçus pour l\'occasion. Néanmoins, le plus significatif reste l\'<em><strong>Ugadi Pacchadi</strong></em> constitué de six saveurs différentes, de l\'amer au doux, représentant ainsi métaphoriquement toutes les saveurs de la vie. Ce met est composé de :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>bourgeons de neem représentant la tristesse du fait de son amertume,</li>\r\n <li>de jaggery représentant la douceur du fait de son goût sucré,</li>\r\n <li>de piment vert représentant la colère par son goût fort et chaud</li>\r\n <li>de jus de tamarin représentant le dégoût par son aigreur</li>\r\n <li>de sel représentant la peur par son goût salé,</li>\r\n <li>de mangues non mûres représentant la surprise par son acidité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nTous les ingrédients sont moulus et mélangés afin de constituer une pâte fine dont la saveur aigre-douce rappelle à chaque dévot que la vie est une sucession et un mélange d\'événements parfois dramatiques, parfois heureux, mais que tous sont essentiels à celle-ci. Chaque participant à la célébration goûte cette pâte en méditant sur ce qu\'elle représente et sur la sagesse d\'accepter la vie pour ce qu\'elle est.\r\n\r\nBonne fête d\'Ugadi à tous les Telugus et à tous!','Ugadi','','inherit','closed','closed','','1698-revision-v1','','','2018-03-18 17:37:29','2018-03-18 13:37:29','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1698-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1704,2,'2018-03-18 17:48:09','2018-03-18 13:48:09','','Muggulu1','','inherit','open','closed','','muggulu1','','','2018-03-18 17:48:09','2018-03-18 13:48:09','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1705,2,'2018-03-18 17:48:25','2018-03-18 13:48:25','','Muggulu2','','inherit','open','closed','','muggulu2','','','2018-03-18 17:48:25','2018-03-18 13:48:25','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1706,2,'2018-03-18 17:49:24','2018-03-18 13:49:24','','28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o','','inherit','open','closed','','28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o','','','2018-03-18 17:49:24','2018-03-18 13:49:24','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1707,2,'2018-03-18 17:52:34','2018-03-18 13:52:34','<h2>La fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi</h2>\r\nCélébrée, cette année 2018, le 18 mars, la fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi, tire son nom du sanskrit : <em>yuga = </em>ère et <em>adi = </em>début et signifie donc littéralement, le début d\'une nouvelle ère.\r\n\r\nFêtée à maurice par le groupe ethnique Télugu entre la mi-mars et début avril, Ugadi est le jour où le dieu Brahma, d\'après le mythe qui s\'y rapporte, a créé l\'univers. Ce jour propice marque un changement dans l\'orbite lunaire du nouveau calendrier hindou. Les calendriers lunaires comportent un cycle de 60 ans qui commencent le jour d\'Ugadi, chaque soixantième année portant un nom unique et donc identifiable individuellement. Ainsi, nous célébrons, en ce 18 mars 2018, <strong><em>VILAMBI NAAMA UGADI. </em></strong>Ce jour symbolise également le début du Printemps, <em>Vasantham</em> et, par conséquent, le renouveau de la nature sous tous ses aspects. Jour faste par excellence, Ugadi célèbre le renoueau de la vie sur terre et est donc célébré dans la joie et symbolise la croissance et la prospérité.\r\n\r\nCe 18 mars correspond au début des festivités de <em><strong>Vasantha Navratri -</strong></em> signifiant littéralement les 9 nuits du Printemps et est relatif au culte de la déesse mère<em> <strong>Bhuvaneshwari, </strong></em>force originelle de l\'univers dont la présence et particulièrement et puissante et bénéfique pendant <em>Navratri</em><em> </em>- qui durera 9 jours et s\'achèvera par <em><strong>Ramanavami, </strong></em>jour qui célèbre la naissance de Rama. Mantras et prédictions sont chantés et faites pour la future nouvelle année le jour d\'Ugadi, le moment clé de la célébration étant le<em><strong> Pachanga Shravanam,</strong></em> \"l\'ouïe de pachanga\", à savoir les prédictions astrologiques \"mondiales\" faites au temple ou <strong><em>aalayam</em></strong> par les prêtres officiants. D\'autres <em><strong>Tidhis, </strong></em>invoquant la richesse et la prospérité, sont également évoqués à la lecture du <em><strong>Pachanga </strong></em>au cours de l\'année et s\'achèvent sur des prévisions concernant les différents aspects de la vie sociale, les forces universelles ainsi que les effets des différentes constellations et leur transition.\r\n\r\nComme tout événement festif, la préparation d\'Ugadi se fait bien à l\'avance. Les maisons sont entièrement nettoyées et parfois en partie rénovées pour l\'occasion. Chacun achète des vêtements neufs dont il se parera le jour J, symbolisant ainsi le renouveau de l\'année et de toute chose. Le jour dUgadi, chacun se lève à l\'aube et commence la journée par un bain, après que le corps est était entièrement massé avec de l\'huile de sésame. Maisons, temples et autres lieux de prières sont entièrement décorés de fleurs fraîches et de feuilles de mangue ou <em><strong>toranaalu, </strong></em>symbolisant la positivité et le bien-être général souhaité pour la nouvelle année.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1706 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nParmi tous les ornements festifs, le plus célèbre est certainement les <em><strong>Muggulus, </strong></em>très représentés lors de fêtes hindoues et ornant l\'entrée principale de la maison. Véritable petite oeuvre d\'art, ils symbolisent les festivités, le bon augure et la positivité. Ils sont un incontournable de la célébration d\'Ugadi.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1704\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1705\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nPermettant de reprendre l\'année sur de nouvelles dispositions positives, Ugadi est le meilleur moment pour entreprendre de nouvelles intitiatives tant sur le plan personnel que professionnel. Le spirituel est au coeur de la fête, les prières, les rassemblements familiaux, les fanfares, les programmes culturels et les processions au temple étant autant de moyens d\'accéder aux bénédictions divines en raffirmissant les liens socio-culturels du groupe.\r\n\r\nEnfin, comme tout rassemblement festif, les repas sont au coeur de la fête et sont tout spécialement conçus pour l\'occasion. Néanmoins, le plus significatif reste l\'<em><strong>Ugadi Pacchadi</strong></em> constitué de six saveurs différentes, de l\'amer au doux, représentant ainsi métaphoriquement toutes les saveurs de la vie. Ce met est composé de :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>bourgeons de neem représentant la tristesse du fait de son amertume,</li>\r\n <li>de jaggery représentant la douceur du fait de son goût sucré,</li>\r\n <li>de piment vert représentant la colère par son goût fort et chaud</li>\r\n <li>de jus de tamarin représentant le dégoût par son aigreur</li>\r\n <li>de sel représentant la peur par son goût salé,</li>\r\n <li>de mangues non mûres représentant la surprise par son acidité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nTous les ingrédients sont moulus et mélangés afin de constituer une pâte fine dont la saveur aigre-douce rappelle à chaque dévot que la vie est une sucession et un mélange d\'événements parfois dramatiques, parfois heureux, mais que tous sont essentiels à celle-ci. Chaque participant à la célébration goûte cette pâte en méditant sur ce qu\'elle représente et sur la sagesse d\'accepter la vie pour ce qu\'elle est.\r\n\r\nBonne fête d\'Ugadi à tous les Telugus et à tous!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nP.S. : Un grand merci à <em>Aruna R., Poudra d\'or, Hamlet</em>, pour sa disponibilité et son partage d\'informations qui ont permis l\'écriture de cet article.\r\n\r\n<em>Photos originales d\'Aruna R.</em>','Ugadi','','inherit','closed','closed','','1698-revision-v1','','','2018-03-18 17:52:34','2018-03-18 13:52:34','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1698-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1708,2,'2018-03-18 17:59:33','2018-03-18 13:59:33','<h2>La fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi</h2>\r\nCélébrée, cette année 2018, le 18 mars, la fête de <em><strong>Yugadi</strong></em> ou <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, tire son nom du sanskrit : <em>yuga = </em>ère et <em>adi = </em>début et signifie donc littéralement, le début d\'une nouvelle ère.\r\n\r\nFêtée à maurice par le groupe ethnique <em><strong>Télugu</strong> </em>entre la mi-mars et début avril, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> est le jour où le dieu <em><strong>Brahma</strong></em>, d\'après le mythe qui s\'y rapporte, a créé l\'univers. Ce jour propice marque un changement dans l\'orbite lunaire du nouveau calendrier hindou. Les calendriers lunaires comportent un cycle de 60 ans qui commencent le jour d\'<em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, chaque soixantième année portant un nom unique et donc identifiable individuellement. Ainsi, nous célébrons, en ce 18 mars 2018, <strong><em>VILAMBI NAAMA UGADI. </em></strong>Ce jour symbolise également le début du Printemps, <em><strong>Vasantham </strong></em>et, par conséquent, le renouveau de la nature sous tous ses aspects. Jour faste par excellence, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> célèbre le renoueau de la vie sur terre et est donc célébré dans la joie, symbolisant la croissance et la prospérité.\r\n<h4>Le début des festivités</h4>\r\nCe 18 mars correspond ainsi au début des festivités de <em><strong>Vasantha Navratri -</strong></em> signifiant littéralement les 9 nuits du Printemps et est relatif au culte de la déesse mère<em> <strong>Bhuvaneshwari, </strong></em>force originelle de l\'univers dont la présence est particulièrement puissante et bénéfique pendant <em>Navratri</em><em> </em>- qui durera 9 jours et s\'achèvera par <em><strong>Ramanavami, </strong></em>jour qui célèbre la naissance de Rama. De nombreux mantras sont chantés et des prédictions faites pour la future nouvelle année en ce jour d\'Ugadi, le moment clé de la célébration étant le<em><strong> Pachanga Shravanam,</strong></em> \"l\'ouïe de pachanga\", à savoir les prédictions astrologiques \"mondiales\" faites au temple, ou <strong><em>aalayam,</em></strong> par les prêtres officiants. D\'autres <em><strong>Tidhis, </strong></em>invoquant la richesse et la prospérité, sont également évoqués à la lecture du <em><strong>Pachanga </strong></em>au cours de l\'année et s\'achèvent sur des prévisions concernant les différents aspects de la vie sociale, les forces universelles ainsi que les effets des différentes constellations et leur transition.\r\n<h4>Les préparatifs et les ornements</h4>\r\nComme tout événement festif, la préparation d\'Ugadi se fait bien à l\'avance. Les maisons sont entièrement nettoyées et parfois en partie rénovées pour l\'occasion. Chacun achète des vêtements neufs dont il se parera le jour J, symbolisant ainsi le renouveau de l\'année et de toute chose. Le jour dUgadi, chacun se lève à l\'aube et commence la journée par un bain, après que le corps est était entièrement massé avec de l\'huile de sésame. Maisons, temples et autres lieux de prières sont entièrement décorés de fleurs fraîches et de feuilles de mangue ou <em><strong>toranaalu, </strong></em>symbolisant la positivité et le bien-être général souhaité pour la nouvelle année.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1706 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nParmi tous les ornements festifs, le plus célèbre est certainement les <em><strong>Muggulus, </strong></em>très représentés lors de fêtes hindoues et ornant l\'entrée principale de la maison. Véritable petite oeuvre d\'art, ils symbolisent les festivités, le bon augure et la positivité. Ils sont un incontournable de la célébration d\'Ugadi.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1704\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1705\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nPermettant de reprendre l\'année sur de nouvelles dispositions positives, Ugadi est le meilleur moment pour entreprendre de nouvelles intitiatives tant sur le plan personnel que professionnel. Le spirituel est au coeur de la fête, les prières, les rassemblements familiaux, les fanfares, les programmes culturels et les processions au temple étant autant de moyens d\'accéder aux bénédictions divines en raffirmissant les liens socio-culturels du groupe.\r\n<h4>Les mets</h4>\r\nEnfin, comme tout rassemblement festif, les repas sont au coeur de la fête et sont tout spécialement conçus pour l\'occasion. Néanmoins, le plus significatif reste l\'<em><strong>Ugadi Pacchadi</strong></em> constitué de six saveurs différentes, de l\'amer au doux, représentant ainsi métaphoriquement toutes les saveurs de la vie. Ce met est composé de :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>bourgeons de neem représentant la tristesse du fait de son amertume,</li>\r\n <li>de jaggery représentant la douceur du fait de son goût sucré,</li>\r\n <li>de piment vert représentant la colère par son goût fort et chaud</li>\r\n <li>de jus de tamarin représentant le dégoût par son aigreur</li>\r\n <li>de sel représentant la peur par son goût salé,</li>\r\n <li>de mangues non mûres représentant la surprise par son acidité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nTous les ingrédients sont moulus et mélangés afin de constituer une pâte fine dont la saveur aigre-douce rappelle à chaque dévot que la vie est une sucession et un mélange d\'événements parfois dramatiques, parfois heureux, mais que tous sont essentiels à celle-ci. Chaque participant à la célébration goûte cette pâte en méditant sur ce qu\'elle représente et sur la sagesse d\'accepter la vie pour ce qu\'elle est.\r\n\r\nBonne fête d\'Ugadi à tous les Telugus et à tous!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nP.S. : Un grand merci à <em>Aruna R., Poudra d\'or, Hamlet</em>, pour sa disponibilité et son partage d\'informations qui ont permis l\'écriture de cet article.\r\n\r\n<em>Photos originales d\'Aruna R.</em>','Ugadi','','inherit','closed','closed','','1698-revision-v1','','','2018-03-18 17:59:33','2018-03-18 13:59:33','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1698-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1709,1,'2018-03-18 19:37:27','2018-03-18 15:37:27',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1709','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',9,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1709',11,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1710,2,'2018-03-18 20:16:34','2018-03-18 16:16:34','<h2>La fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi</h2>\r\nCélébrée, cette année 2018, le 18 mars, la fête de <em><strong>Yugadi</strong></em> ou <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, tire son nom du sanskrit : <em>yuga = </em>ère et <em>adi = </em>début et signifie donc littéralement, le début d\'une nouvelle ère.\r\n\r\nFêtée à Maurice par le groupe ethnique <em><strong>Télugu</strong> </em>entre la mi-mars et début avril, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> est le jour où le dieu <em><strong>Brahma</strong></em>, d\'après le mythe qui s\'y rapporte, a créé l\'univers. Ce jour propice marque un changement dans l\'orbite lunaire du nouveau calendrier hindou. Les calendriers lunaires comportent un cycle de 60 ans qui commencent le jour d\'<em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, chaque soixantième année portant un nom unique et donc identifiable individuellement. Ainsi, nous célébrons, en ce 18 mars 2018, <strong><em>VILAMBI NAAMA UGADI. </em></strong>Ce jour symbolise également le début du Printemps, <em><strong>Vasantham </strong></em>et, par conséquent, le renouveau de la nature sous tous ses aspects. Jour faste par excellence, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> célèbre le renoueau de la vie sur terre et est donc célébré dans la joie, symbolisant la croissance et la prospérité.\r\n<h4>Le début des festivités</h4>\r\nCe 18 mars correspond ainsi au début des festivités de <em><strong>Vasantha Navratri -</strong></em> signifiant littéralement les 9 nuits du Printemps et est relatif au culte de la déesse mère<em> <strong>Bhuvaneshwari, </strong></em>force originelle de l\'univers dont la présence est particulièrement puissante et bénéfique pendant <em>Navratri</em><em> </em>- qui durera 9 jours et s\'achèvera par <em><strong>Ramanavami, </strong></em>jour qui célèbre la naissance de Rama. De nombreux mantras sont chantés et des prédictions faites pour la future nouvelle année en ce jour d\'Ugadi, le moment clé de la célébration étant le<em><strong> Pachanga Shravanam,</strong></em> \"l\'ouïe de pachanga\", à savoir les prédictions astrologiques \"mondiales\" faites au temple, ou <strong><em>aalayam,</em></strong> par les prêtres officiants. D\'autres <em><strong>Tidhis, </strong></em>invoquant la richesse et la prospérité, sont également évoqués à la lecture du <em><strong>Pachanga </strong></em>au cours de l\'année et s\'achèvent sur des prévisions concernant les différents aspects de la vie sociale, les forces universelles ainsi que les effets des différentes constellations et leur transition.\r\n<h4>Les préparatifs et les ornements</h4>\r\nComme tout événement festif, la préparation d\'Ugadi se fait bien à l\'avance. Les maisons sont entièrement nettoyées et parfois en partie rénovées pour l\'occasion. Chacun achète des vêtements neufs dont il se parera le jour J, symbolisant ainsi le renouveau de l\'année et de toute chose. Le jour dUgadi, chacun se lève à l\'aube et commence la journée par un bain, après que le corps est était entièrement massé avec de l\'huile de sésame. Maisons, temples et autres lieux de prières sont entièrement décorés de fleurs fraîches et de feuilles de mangue ou <em><strong>toranaalu, </strong></em>symbolisant la positivité et le bien-être général souhaité pour la nouvelle année.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1706 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nParmi tous les ornements festifs, le plus célèbre est certainement les <em><strong>Muggulus, </strong></em>très représentés lors de fêtes hindoues et ornant l\'entrée principale de la maison. Véritable petite oeuvre d\'art, ils symbolisent les festivités, le bon augure et la positivité. Ils sont un incontournable de la célébration d\'Ugadi.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1704\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1705\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nPermettant de reprendre l\'année sur de nouvelles dispositions positives, Ugadi est le meilleur moment pour entreprendre de nouvelles intitiatives tant sur le plan personnel que professionnel. Le spirituel est au coeur de la fête, les prières, les rassemblements familiaux, les fanfares, les programmes culturels et les processions au temple étant autant de moyens d\'accéder aux bénédictions divines en raffirmissant les liens socio-culturels du groupe.\r\n<h4>Les mets</h4>\r\nEnfin, comme tout rassemblement festif, les repas sont au coeur de la fête et sont tout spécialement conçus pour l\'occasion. Néanmoins, le plus significatif reste l\'<em><strong>Ugadi Pacchadi</strong></em> constitué de six saveurs différentes, de l\'amer au doux, représentant ainsi métaphoriquement toutes les saveurs de la vie. Ce met est composé de :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>bourgeons de neem représentant la tristesse du fait de son amertume,</li>\r\n <li>de jaggery représentant la douceur du fait de son goût sucré,</li>\r\n <li>de piment vert représentant la colère par son goût fort et chaud</li>\r\n <li>de jus de tamarin représentant le dégoût par son aigreur</li>\r\n <li>de sel représentant la peur par son goût salé,</li>\r\n <li>de mangues non mûres représentant la surprise par son acidité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nTous les ingrédients sont moulus et mélangés afin de constituer une pâte fine dont la saveur aigre-douce rappelle à chaque dévot que la vie est une sucession et un mélange d\'événements parfois dramatiques, parfois heureux, mais que tous sont essentiels à celle-ci. Chaque participant à la célébration goûte cette pâte en méditant sur ce qu\'elle représente et sur la sagesse d\'accepter la vie pour ce qu\'elle est.\r\n\r\nBonne fête d\'Ugadi à tous les Telugus et à tous!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nP.S. : Un grand merci à <em>Aruna R., Poudra d\'or, Hamlet</em>, pour sa disponibilité et son partage d\'informations qui ont permis l\'écriture de cet article.\r\n\r\n<em>Photos originales d\'Aruna R.</em>','Ugadi','','inherit','closed','closed','','1698-revision-v1','','','2018-03-18 20:16:34','2018-03-18 16:16:34','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1698-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1711,2,'2018-03-29 14:26:24','2018-03-29 10:26:24','','PaniersMel','','inherit','open','closed','','paniersmel','','','2018-03-29 14:26:24','2018-03-29 10:26:24','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PaniersMel.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1712,2,'2018-03-29 14:27:50','2018-03-29 10:27:50','','Statue','','inherit','open','closed','','statue','','','2018-03-29 14:27:50','2018-03-29 10:27:50','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1713,2,'2018-03-29 14:28:23','2018-03-29 10:28:23','','piedstable','','inherit','open','closed','','piedstable','','','2018-03-29 14:28:23','2018-03-29 10:28:23','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/piedstable.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1714,2,'2018-03-29 14:28:51','2018-03-29 10:28:51','<h2 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Tikoulou, un héros mauricien...</strong></h2>\r\n<strong>Facebook Tikoulou Vizavi : </strong><a href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi\">https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?q=tikoulou%20vizavi</a>\r\n\r\nSuivez les aventures du plus célèbre Mauricien de la littérature pour enfants, <strong><em>Tikoulou</em></strong>, le héros des éditions Vizavi. <em><strong>Tikoulou</strong></em> est un jeune Mauricien sympathique, curieux et dynamique, qui fait découvrir aux enfants de tout âge et de tout continent, son île à travers les multiples ouvrages de la collection ! Suivez toute son actualité en cliquant le lien ci-dessus.\r\n\r\nRetrouvez également les dessins animés mettant en scène Tikoulou sur Youtube et sur le site des\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeOEho0BiOA</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1593\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Au-Pays-du-Dodo-223x300-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1594\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/TikoulouFB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"297\" height=\"297\" />\r\n\r\nPersonnage créé par l\'éditrice Pascale Sew et illustré par Henry Koombes.\r\n\r\n \r\n<h2>L\'Île Maurice à travers les âges en image!</h2>\r\nC\'est ce que vous propose le site <em>vintage Mauritius </em>en partageant des photos rares et précieuses d\'une Île Maurice d\'un autre temps, véritable trésor d\'une mémoire indispensable pour construire une culture du présent. <a href=\"http://vintagemauritius.org/curepipe/curepipe-town-hall-1920s/\">http://vintagemauritius.org</a>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1599\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Vacoas-Train-Station-Double-Deck-Train-300x180.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"387\" height=\"232\" />\r\n\r\nChemin de fer, gare de Vavoas. Source : http://vintagemauritius.org/vacoas/vacoas-train-station-and-the-double-deck-train/\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument!\r\n<h2>Zoom sur l\'artisanat mauricien</h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1711\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/PaniersMel-300x285.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"228\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1712\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Statue-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"288\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1713\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/piedstable-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"215\" height=\"287\" />\r\n\r\nMagnifiques créations artisanales et écologiques que vous propose Melissa Leber. Sa vannerie de papier est bien la preuve que l\'on peut allier art et protection de l\'environnement. Cette artiste simple et passionnée vous propose toute une palette d\'objets à la fois décoratifs et utiles au quotidien comme des paniers, dessous de plats ou petites cages à oiseaux décorative...\r\n\r\nUne envie particulière? Melissa vous propose de lui exposer votre projet et le réalise avec vous! Que demander de plus sinon que d\'essayer?\r\n\r\nÀ vos commandes!\r\n\r\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Sites/Blogs/FB','','inherit','closed','closed','','1590-revision-v1','','','2018-03-29 14:28:51','2018-03-29 10:28:51','',1590,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1590-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1716,2,'2018-03-29 15:29:17','2018-03-29 11:29:17','Non, l\'artisanat mauricien n\'est pas mort, bien au contraire! À condition qu\'on s\'y intéresse quelque peu, on découvrira que Maurice regorge de Mauriciens plein de talents et qui désirent revaloriser l\'artisanat de leur pays, oublié dans les méandres de l\'économie de marché de masse.\r\n\r\nMélissa Leber est de ceux-là! Grâce à son unique motivation, elle détourne et réinvente, depuis trois ans, la vannerie traditionnelle en y introduisant un élément écologique de taille : le papier. Sa philosophie, la récupération et la protection de l\'environnement grâce à l\'utilisation de matières premières écologiques :\r\n\r\n\"<em>le message que je veux faire passer c\'est d\'opter pour la déco-écolo pour les intérieurs. Et de ce fait, on contribue à protéger l\'environnement. On peut faire tant de chose utiles avec le papier\".</em>\r\n\r\nQuelle belle manière de valoriser la consommation \"verte\"! Les vieux journaux n\'ont pas d\'utilité pour vous? Mélissa les récupère et les transforme en oeuvres d\'art. Paniers multicolores, bijoux fantaisies, couronnes, photophores, et bien d\'autres petites merveilles, ornent tables de mariages, goûters d\'anniversaire et autres événements festifs, ou simplement votre salle de bain, vos chambres ou vos bureaux. Autant de créations à découvrir ou à imaginer avec cette artiste dynamique, qui réalise également de nombreux produits sur commande.\r\n\r\n<strong>L\'artisanat mauricien est donc bien vivant et a besoin de chacun de nous pour pleinement s\'épanouir et révéler les nombreux talents des artistes et artisants locaux...</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1718\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Panier-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1719\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/petitecage-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1717\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/montgolfiere-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1720\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-verre-292x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"217\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1721\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-plats-300x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\nOn souhaite à Mélissa et à ces petites merveilles de papier un long et prospère avenir, notamment par la réalisation d\'un site e-commerce et l\'ouverture d\'une boutique entièrement dédiée à son travail.\r\n\r\nEn attendant, retrouvez toutes ses créations via son FB et son site web :\r\n\r\nhttp://www.mels-fait-main.xyz\r\n\r\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main/\r\n\r\n<strong>À vos commandes!</strong>\r\n\r\n ','Les petites merveilles de Mélissa ou l\'artisanat du papier réinventé','','publish','open','open','','les-petites-merveilles-de-melissa-ou-lartisanat-du-papier-reinvente','','','2018-03-29 15:35:11','2018-03-29 11:35:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1716',0,'post','',0),(1717,2,'2018-03-29 15:22:26','2018-03-29 11:22:26','','montgolfiere','','inherit','open','closed','','montgolfiere','','','2018-03-29 15:22:26','2018-03-29 11:22:26','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/montgolfiere.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1718,2,'2018-03-29 15:23:15','2018-03-29 11:23:15','','Panier','','inherit','open','closed','','panier','','','2018-03-29 15:23:15','2018-03-29 11:23:15','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Panier.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1719,2,'2018-03-29 15:24:45','2018-03-29 11:24:45','','petitecage','','inherit','open','closed','','petitecage','','','2018-03-29 15:24:45','2018-03-29 11:24:45','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/petitecage.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1720,2,'2018-03-29 15:25:38','2018-03-29 11:25:38','','Dessous de verre','','inherit','open','closed','','dessous-de-verre','','','2018-03-29 15:25:38','2018-03-29 11:25:38','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-verre.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1721,2,'2018-03-29 15:25:47','2018-03-29 11:25:47','','Dessous de plats','','inherit','open','closed','','dessous-de-plats','','','2018-03-29 15:25:47','2018-03-29 11:25:47','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-plats.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1722,2,'2018-03-29 15:28:34','2018-03-29 11:28:34','','Paniers Paques','','inherit','open','closed','','paniers-paques','','','2018-03-29 15:28:34','2018-03-29 11:28:34','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paniers-Paques.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1723,2,'2018-03-29 15:29:17','2018-03-29 11:29:17','Non, l\'artisanat mauricien n\'est pas mort, bien au contraire! À condition qu\'on s\'y intéresse quelque peu, on découvrira que Maurice regorge de Mauriciens plein de talents et qui désirent revaloriser l\'artisanat de leur pays, oublié dans les méandres de l\'économie de marché de masses.\r\n\r\nMélissa Leber est de ceux-là! Grâce à son unique motivation, elle détourne et réinvente, depuis trois ans, la vannerie traditionnelle en y introduisant un élément écologique de taille : le papier. Sa philosophie, la récupération et la protection de l\'environnement grâce à l\'utilisation de matières premières écologiques : \"<em>le message que je veux faire passer c\'est d\'opter pour la déco-écolo pour les intérieurs. Et de ce fait, on contribue a protéger l\'environnement. On peut faire tant de chose utiles avec le papier\".</em>\r\n\r\nQuelle belle manière de valoriser la consommation \"verte\"! Les vieux journaux n\'ont pas d\'utilité pour vous? Mélissa les récupère et les transforme en oeuvres d\'art. Paniers multicolores, bijoux fantaisies, couronnes, photophores, et bien d\'autres petites merveilles, ornent tables de mariages, goûters d\'anniversaire et autres événements festifs, ou simplement votre salle de bain, vos chambres ou vos bureaux. Autant de créations à découvrir ou à imaginer avec cette artiste dynamique, qui réalise également de nombreux produits sur commande.\r\n\r\n<strong>L\'artisanat mauricien est donc bien vivant et a besoin de chacun de nous pour pleinement s\'épanouir et révéler les nombreux talents des artistes et artisants locaux.</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1718\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Panier-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1719\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/petitecage-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1717\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/montgolfiere-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1720\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-verre-292x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"217\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1721\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-plats-300x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\nOn souhaite à Mélissa et à ces petites merveilles de papier un long et prospère avenir, notamment par la réalisation d\'un site e-commerce et l\'ouverture d\'une boutique entièrement dédiée à son travail.\r\n\r\nEn attendant, retrouvez toutes ses créations via son FB et son site web :\r\n\r\nhttp://www.mels-fait-main.xyz\r\n\r\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main/\r\n\r\nÀ vos commandes!\r\n\r\n ','Les petites merveilles de Mélissa ou l\'artisanat du papier réinventé','','inherit','closed','closed','','1716-revision-v1','','','2018-03-29 15:29:17','2018-03-29 11:29:17','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1716-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1724,2,'2018-03-29 15:31:35','2018-03-29 11:31:35','Non, l\'artisanat mauricien n\'est pas mort, bien au contraire! À condition qu\'on s\'y intéresse quelque peu, on découvrira que Maurice regorge de Mauriciens plein de talents et qui désirent revaloriser l\'artisanat de leur pays, oublié dans les méandres de l\'économie de marché de masse.\r\n\r\nMélissa Leber est de ceux-là! Grâce à son unique motivation, elle détourne et réinvente, depuis trois ans, la vannerie traditionnelle en y introduisant un élément écologique de taille : le papier. Sa philosophie, la récupération et la protection de l\'environnement grâce à l\'utilisation de matières premières écologiques : \"<em>le message que je veux faire passer c\'est d\'opter pour la déco-écolo pour les intérieurs. Et de ce fait, on contribue a protéger l\'environnement. On peut faire tant de chose utiles avec le papier\".</em>\r\n\r\nQuelle belle manière de valoriser la consommation \"verte\"! Les vieux journaux n\'ont pas d\'utilité pour vous? Mélissa les récupère et les transforme en oeuvres d\'art. Paniers multicolores, bijoux fantaisies, couronnes, photophores, et bien d\'autres petites merveilles, ornent tables de mariages, goûters d\'anniversaire et autres événements festifs, ou simplement votre salle de bain, vos chambres ou vos bureaux. Autant de créations à découvrir ou à imaginer avec cette artiste dynamique, qui réalise également de nombreux produits sur commande.\r\n\r\n<strong>L\'artisanat mauricien est donc bien vivant et a besoin de chacun de nous pour pleinement s\'épanouir et révéler les nombreux talents des artistes et artisants locaux.</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1718\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Panier-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1719\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/petitecage-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1717\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/montgolfiere-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1720\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-verre-292x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"217\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1721\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-plats-300x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\nOn souhaite à Mélissa et à ces petites merveilles de papier un long et prospère avenir, notamment par la réalisation d\'un site e-commerce et l\'ouverture d\'une boutique entièrement dédiée à son travail.\r\n\r\nEn attendant, retrouvez toutes ses créations via son FB et son site web :\r\n\r\nhttp://www.mels-fait-main.xyz\r\n\r\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main/\r\n\r\nÀ vos commandes!\r\n\r\n ','Les petites merveilles de Mélissa ou l\'artisanat du papier réinventé','','inherit','closed','closed','','1716-revision-v1','','','2018-03-29 15:31:35','2018-03-29 11:31:35','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1716-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1725,2,'2018-03-29 15:32:22','2018-03-29 11:32:22','Non, l\'artisanat mauricien n\'est pas mort, bien au contraire! À condition qu\'on s\'y intéresse quelque peu, on découvrira que Maurice regorge de Mauriciens plein de talents et qui désirent revaloriser l\'artisanat de leur pays, oublié dans les méandres de l\'économie de marché de masse.\r\n\r\nMélissa Leber est de ceux-là! Grâce à son unique motivation, elle détourne et réinvente, depuis trois ans, la vannerie traditionnelle en y introduisant un élément écologique de taille : le papier. Sa philosophie, la récupération et la protection de l\'environnement grâce à l\'utilisation de matières premières écologiques : \"<em>le message que je veux faire passer c\'est d\'opter pour la déco-écolo pour les intérieurs. Et de ce fait, on contribue à protéger l\'environnement. On peut faire tant de chose utiles avec le papier\".</em>\r\n\r\nQuelle belle manière de valoriser la consommation \"verte\"! Les vieux journaux n\'ont pas d\'utilité pour vous? Mélissa les récupère et les transforme en oeuvres d\'art. Paniers multicolores, bijoux fantaisies, couronnes, photophores, et bien d\'autres petites merveilles, ornent tables de mariages, goûters d\'anniversaire et autres événements festifs, ou simplement votre salle de bain, vos chambres ou vos bureaux. Autant de créations à découvrir ou à imaginer avec cette artiste dynamique, qui réalise également de nombreux produits sur commande.\r\n\r\n<strong>L\'artisanat mauricien est donc bien vivant et a besoin de chacun de nous pour pleinement s\'épanouir et révéler les nombreux talents des artistes et artisants locaux.</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1718\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Panier-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1719\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/petitecage-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1717\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/montgolfiere-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1720\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-verre-292x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"217\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1721\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-plats-300x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\nOn souhaite à Mélissa et à ces petites merveilles de papier un long et prospère avenir, notamment par la réalisation d\'un site e-commerce et l\'ouverture d\'une boutique entièrement dédiée à son travail.\r\n\r\nEn attendant, retrouvez toutes ses créations via son FB et son site web :\r\n\r\nhttp://www.mels-fait-main.xyz\r\n\r\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main/\r\n\r\nÀ vos commandes!\r\n\r\n ','Les petites merveilles de Mélissa ou l\'artisanat du papier réinventé','','inherit','closed','closed','','1716-revision-v1','','','2018-03-29 15:32:22','2018-03-29 11:32:22','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1716-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1726,2,'2018-03-29 15:33:50','2018-03-29 11:33:50','Non, l\'artisanat mauricien n\'est pas mort, bien au contraire! À condition qu\'on s\'y intéresse quelque peu, on découvrira que Maurice regorge de Mauriciens plein de talents et qui désirent revaloriser l\'artisanat de leur pays, oublié dans les méandres de l\'économie de marché de masse.\n\nMélissa Leber est de ceux-là! Grâce à son unique motivation, elle détourne et réinvente, depuis trois ans, la vannerie traditionnelle en y introduisant un élément écologique de taille : le papier. Sa philosophie, la récupération et la protection de l\'environnement grâce à l\'utilisation de matières premières écologiques :\n\n\"<em>le message que je veux faire passer c\'est d\'opter pour la déco-écolo pour les intérieurs. Et de ce fait, on contribue à protéger l\'environnement. On peut faire tant de chose utiles avec le papier\".</em>\n\nQuelle belle manière de valoriser la consommation \"verte\"! Les vieux journaux n\'ont pas d\'utilité pour vous? Mélissa les récupère et les transforme en oeuvres d\'art. Paniers multicolores, bijoux fantaisies, couronnes, photophores, et bien d\'autres petites merveilles, ornent tables de mariages, goûters d\'anniversaire et autres événements festifs, ou simplement votre salle de bain, vos chambres ou vos bureaux. Autant de créations à découvrir ou à imaginer avec cette artiste dynamique, qui réalise également de nombreux produits sur commande.\n\n<strong>L\'artisanat mauricien est donc bien vivant et a besoin de chacun de nous pour pleinement s\'épanouir et révéler les nombreux talents des artistes et artisants locaux...</strong>\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1718\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Panier-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1719\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/petitecage-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1717\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/montgolfiere-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1720\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-verre-292x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"217\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1721\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-plats-300x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" />\n\nOn souhaite à Mélissa et à ces petites merveilles de papier un long et prospère avenir, notamment par la réalisation d\'un site e-commerce et l\'ouverture d\'une boutique entièrement dédiée à son travail.\n\nEn attendant, retrouvez toutes ses créations via son FB et son site web :\n\nhttp://www.mels-fait-main.xyz\n\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main/\n\nÀ vos commandes!\n\n ','Les petites merveilles de Mélissa ou l\'artisanat du papier réinventé','','inherit','closed','closed','','1716-autosave-v1','','','2018-03-29 15:33:50','2018-03-29 11:33:50','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1716-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1727,2,'2018-03-29 15:33:58','2018-03-29 11:33:58','Non, l\'artisanat mauricien n\'est pas mort, bien au contraire! À condition qu\'on s\'y intéresse quelque peu, on découvrira que Maurice regorge de Mauriciens plein de talents et qui désirent revaloriser l\'artisanat de leur pays, oublié dans les méandres de l\'économie de marché de masse.\r\n\r\nMélissa Leber est de ceux-là! Grâce à son unique motivation, elle détourne et réinvente, depuis trois ans, la vannerie traditionnelle en y introduisant un élément écologique de taille : le papier. Sa philosophie, la récupération et la protection de l\'environnement grâce à l\'utilisation de matières premières écologiques :\r\n\r\n\"<em>le message que je veux faire passer c\'est d\'opter pour la déco-écolo pour les intérieurs. Et de ce fait, on contribue à protéger l\'environnement. On peut faire tant de chose utiles avec le papier\".</em>\r\n\r\nQuelle belle manière de valoriser la consommation \"verte\"! Les vieux journaux n\'ont pas d\'utilité pour vous? Mélissa les récupère et les transforme en oeuvres d\'art. Paniers multicolores, bijoux fantaisies, couronnes, photophores, et bien d\'autres petites merveilles, ornent tables de mariages, goûters d\'anniversaire et autres événements festifs, ou simplement votre salle de bain, vos chambres ou vos bureaux. Autant de créations à découvrir ou à imaginer avec cette artiste dynamique, qui réalise également de nombreux produits sur commande.\r\n\r\n<strong>L\'artisanat mauricien est donc bien vivant et a besoin de chacun de nous pour pleinement s\'épanouir et révéler les nombreux talents des artistes et artisants locaux...</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1718\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Panier-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1719\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/petitecage-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1717\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/montgolfiere-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1720\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-verre-292x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"217\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1721\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-plats-300x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\nOn souhaite à Mélissa et à ces petites merveilles de papier un long et prospère avenir, notamment par la réalisation d\'un site e-commerce et l\'ouverture d\'une boutique entièrement dédiée à son travail.\r\n\r\nEn attendant, retrouvez toutes ses créations via son FB et son site web :\r\n\r\nhttp://www.mels-fait-main.xyz\r\n\r\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main/\r\n\r\nÀ vos commandes!\r\n\r\n ','Les petites merveilles de Mélissa ou l\'artisanat du papier réinventé','','inherit','closed','closed','','1716-revision-v1','','','2018-03-29 15:33:58','2018-03-29 11:33:58','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1716-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1728,2,'2018-03-29 15:35:11','2018-03-29 11:35:11','Non, l\'artisanat mauricien n\'est pas mort, bien au contraire! À condition qu\'on s\'y intéresse quelque peu, on découvrira que Maurice regorge de Mauriciens plein de talents et qui désirent revaloriser l\'artisanat de leur pays, oublié dans les méandres de l\'économie de marché de masse.\r\n\r\nMélissa Leber est de ceux-là! Grâce à son unique motivation, elle détourne et réinvente, depuis trois ans, la vannerie traditionnelle en y introduisant un élément écologique de taille : le papier. Sa philosophie, la récupération et la protection de l\'environnement grâce à l\'utilisation de matières premières écologiques :\r\n\r\n\"<em>le message que je veux faire passer c\'est d\'opter pour la déco-écolo pour les intérieurs. Et de ce fait, on contribue à protéger l\'environnement. On peut faire tant de chose utiles avec le papier\".</em>\r\n\r\nQuelle belle manière de valoriser la consommation \"verte\"! Les vieux journaux n\'ont pas d\'utilité pour vous? Mélissa les récupère et les transforme en oeuvres d\'art. Paniers multicolores, bijoux fantaisies, couronnes, photophores, et bien d\'autres petites merveilles, ornent tables de mariages, goûters d\'anniversaire et autres événements festifs, ou simplement votre salle de bain, vos chambres ou vos bureaux. Autant de créations à découvrir ou à imaginer avec cette artiste dynamique, qui réalise également de nombreux produits sur commande.\r\n\r\n<strong>L\'artisanat mauricien est donc bien vivant et a besoin de chacun de nous pour pleinement s\'épanouir et révéler les nombreux talents des artistes et artisants locaux...</strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1718\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Panier-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1719\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/petitecage-207x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"207\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1717\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/montgolfiere-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1720\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-verre-292x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"217\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1721\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Dessous-de-plats-300x218.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\nOn souhaite à Mélissa et à ces petites merveilles de papier un long et prospère avenir, notamment par la réalisation d\'un site e-commerce et l\'ouverture d\'une boutique entièrement dédiée à son travail.\r\n\r\nEn attendant, retrouvez toutes ses créations via son FB et son site web :\r\n\r\nhttp://www.mels-fait-main.xyz\r\n\r\nhttps://www.facebook.com/Mels.Fait.Main/\r\n\r\n<strong>À vos commandes!</strong>\r\n\r\n ','Les petites merveilles de Mélissa ou l\'artisanat du papier réinventé','','inherit','closed','closed','','1716-revision-v1','','','2018-03-29 15:35:11','2018-03-29 11:35:11','',1716,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1716-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1730,2,'2018-04-01 13:35:05','2018-04-01 09:35:05','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs, ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués suite au châtiment divin. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des Hommes et leur libération et, enfin, réssucité (le surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\n\r\n \r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons qu\'il ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie, le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques, est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et d\'offrandes d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées!\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','publish','open','open','','joyeuses-paques','','','2018-04-01 22:49:18','2018-04-01 18:49:18','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1730',0,'post','',2),(1731,2,'2018-04-01 13:35:05','2018-04-01 09:35:05','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyé par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer le peuple juif, ce dernier avait reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de ses habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité ( surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 13:35:05','2018-04-01 09:35:05','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1732,2,'2018-04-01 22:45:16','2018-04-01 18:45:16','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs, ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués suite au châtiment divin. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\n\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des Hommes et leur libération et, enfin, réssucité (le surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\n\n \n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\n\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons qu\'il ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\n\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\n\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie, le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques, est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\n\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\n\n \n\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\n\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-autosave-v1','','','2018-04-01 22:45:16','2018-04-01 18:45:16','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1733,2,'2018-04-01 18:45:15','2018-04-01 14:45:15','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs; Ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité ( surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grand\"e joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 18:45:15','2018-04-01 14:45:15','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1734,2,'2018-04-01 18:54:24','2018-04-01 14:54:24','','Oeufs de Pâques','','inherit','open','closed','','oeufs-de-paques','','','2018-04-01 18:54:24','2018-04-01 14:54:24','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Oeufs-de-Pâques.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1735,2,'2018-04-01 19:08:13','2018-04-01 15:08:13','','TheResurrectionOfChrist','','inherit','open','closed','','theresurrectionofchrist','','','2018-04-01 19:09:20','2018-04-01 15:09:20','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1736,2,'2018-04-01 19:09:24','2018-04-01 15:09:24','','Christ_at_the_Cross_-_Cristo_en_la_Cruz','','inherit','open','closed','','christ_at_the_cross_-_cristo_en_la_cruz','','','2018-04-01 19:09:24','2018-04-01 15:09:24','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Christ_at_the_Cross_-_Cristo_en_la_Cruz.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1737,2,'2018-04-01 19:09:54','2018-04-01 15:09:54','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs; Ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité (surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"235\" height=\"300\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1735\" />\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Christ_at_the_Cross_-_Cristo_en_la_Cruz-246x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"300\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1736\" />\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 19:09:54','2018-04-01 15:09:54','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1738,2,'2018-04-01 19:25:31','2018-04-01 15:25:31','','Crucifixion','','inherit','open','closed','','crucifixion','','','2018-04-01 19:25:31','2018-04-01 15:25:31','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1739,2,'2018-04-01 19:32:15','2018-04-01 15:32:15','','lapin-de-paques','','inherit','open','closed','','lapin-de-paques','','','2018-04-01 19:32:15','2018-04-01 15:32:15','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1740,2,'2018-04-01 19:44:20','2018-04-01 15:44:20','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs; Ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\n\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité (surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\n\n \n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"239\" height=\"319\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"285\" height=\"371\" />\n\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\n\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\n\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" />\n\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\n\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 19:44:20','2018-04-01 15:44:20','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1741,2,'2018-04-01 19:45:22','2018-04-01 15:45:22','','OeufsPâques','','inherit','open','closed','','oeufspaques','','','2018-04-01 19:45:22','2018-04-01 15:45:22','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1742,2,'2018-04-01 19:46:26','2018-04-01 15:46:26','','Poule chocolat','','inherit','open','closed','','poule-chocolat','','','2018-04-01 19:46:26','2018-04-01 15:46:26','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Poule-chocolat.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1743,2,'2018-04-01 19:53:38','2018-04-01 15:53:38','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs; Ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité (surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"239\" height=\"319\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"285\" height=\"371\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 19:53:38','2018-04-01 15:53:38','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1744,2,'2018-04-01 19:55:32','2018-04-01 15:55:32','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs; Ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité (surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"239\" height=\"319\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"285\" height=\"371\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\n\r\n \r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 19:55:32','2018-04-01 15:55:32','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1745,2,'2018-04-01 19:56:14','2018-04-01 15:56:14','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs; Ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité (surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 19:56:14','2018-04-01 15:56:14','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1746,2,'2018-04-01 19:59:29','2018-04-01 15:59:29','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs; Ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité (surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\n\r\n \r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 19:59:29','2018-04-01 15:59:29','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1747,2,'2018-04-01 22:38:10','2018-04-01 18:38:10','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs, ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués lors de la dixième plaie. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité (surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 22:38:10','2018-04-01 18:38:10','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1748,2,'2018-04-01 22:40:18','2018-04-01 18:40:18','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs, ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués suite au châtiment divin. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - , la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête chrétienne la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des hommes et leur libération et enfin, réssucité (surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 22:40:18','2018-04-01 18:40:18','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1749,2,'2018-04-01 22:42:56','2018-04-01 18:42:56','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs, ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués suite au châtiment divin. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des Hommes et leur libération et, enfin, réssucité (le surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\n\r\n \r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons quil ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et offrande d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 22:42:56','2018-04-01 18:42:56','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1750,2,'2018-04-01 22:46:24','2018-04-01 18:46:24','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs, ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués suite au châtiment divin. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des Hommes et leur libération et, enfin, réssucité (le surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons qu\'il ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie, le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques, est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et d\'offrandes d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées!\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 22:46:24','2018-04-01 18:46:24','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1751,2,'2018-04-01 22:47:41','2018-04-01 18:47:41','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs, ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués suite au châtiment divin. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des Hommes et leur libération et, enfin, réssucité (le surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons qu\'il ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie, le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques, est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et d\'offrandes d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées!\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 22:47:41','2018-04-01 18:47:41','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1752,2,'2018-04-01 22:49:18','2018-04-01 18:49:18','Aujourd\'hui, les Chrétiens du monde (ceux ayant adopté le calendrier grégorien, donc différent du calendrier orthodoxe) célèbrent la fête de Pâques. Bien que ce jour ne soit pas (étrangement) un jour férié à Maurice, il est largement fêté par l\'ensemble de la communauté chrétienne de l\'île.\r\n<h3>Origines et significations religieuses</h3>\r\nIl est important de distinguer deux \"Pâques\", respectivement juive puis chrétienne. Pâque, ou Pâques, tire son nom du latin <em>pascha, </em>lui-même emprunté au grec issu du terme hébreu biblique <em>pesah </em>et du verbe <em>pasah</em>, signifiant littéralement \"passer au-dessus\". Cela fait référence au mythe biblique qui veut que, lors des dix plaies envoyées par Dieu sur l\'Égypte, par l\'intermédiaire du prophète Moïse alors que Pharaon refusait de libérer les juifs, ces derniers avaient reçu pour consigne de badigeonner la porte de leurs habitations du sang d\'un jeune agneau sacrifié, exempt de toute tare, afin d\'épargner tous les premiers nés devant être tués suite au châtiment divin. Ainsi, la Pâque juive commémore cet événement - et par extension la libération du peuple juif du joug égyptien - chaque année lors de la fête de <em>Pessa\'h.</em>\r\n\r\nLa fête chrétienne de Pâques commémore, quant à elle, la dernière cène - dernier repas pris par Jésus avec ses apôtres et instituant l\'eucharistie - la mort puis la résurrection du Christ; Elle est fondamentalement la fête la plus importante du culte puisqu\'elle symbolise littéralement le fait d\'être Chrétien et d\'accepter le messie en tant que fils de Dieu fait homme, mort pour les pêchés des Hommes et leur libération et, enfin, réssucité (le surlendemain de la <strong>Passion)</strong>.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1738\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Crucifixion-179x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"257\" height=\"430\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1735\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TheResurrectionOfChrist-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"405\" />\r\n\r\nChrist crucifié, Raphaël, 1503. Christ réssucité, Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1875.\r\n\r\n \r\nComme dans bon nombre de cultures, la lune joue un rôle fondamental dans les célébrations religieuses. Pâques est célébrée le premier dimanche après la première pleine lune suivant la date du Printemps, en Occident, à savoir le 21 mars. Elle se situe donc au plus tôt le 22 mars, si la pleine lune tombe la nuit du 21 et, au plus tard, le 25 avril. Toutefois, précisons qu\'il ne s\'agit pas de la lune observée, mais de la lune dite <em><strong>écclésiastique</strong></em>, dont la méthode de calcul traditionnelle est approchée.\r\n<h3>Pâques dans les traditions populaires occidentales</h3>\r\nDans la tradition populaire, la fête de Pâques symbolise le retour du Printemps et donc le renouveau de la nature, événement calendaire fondamental dans la communauté agricole.\r\n\r\nLa tradition d\'offrir des oeufs pendant cette période remonte à l\'Antiquité. Symboles de vie et de renaissance, comme le lapin symbolisant la fécondité, les Romains et les Égyptiens avaient pour coutume d\'offrir des oeufs à la déesse mère ( la nature, Isis, Vénus, etc). Ils étaient alors décorés de motifs colorés et on y inscrivait des voeux. A l\'époque chrétienne, les Coptes d\'Égypte perpétuèrent cette tradition en y ajoutant néanmoins une variante de taille : les oeufs étaient entièrement peints en rouge afin de symboliser le sang du Rédempteur versé pour l\'humanité.\r\n\r\nLoin de disparaître, la tradition s\'est perpétrée jusqu\'à l\'heure actuelle, mêlant rites païens et chrétiens. Les croyances populaires veulent que ce soient les cloches, sous-entendues celles des églises catholiques - qui apportent les oeufs de Pâques aux enfants. En effet, celles-ci restent muettes dès le jeudi saint en signe de deuil. Le retour de leur sonnerie, le jour de la célébration de la messe de Pâques, est synonyme aujourd\'hui, notamment pour les enfants, de leur passage et d\'offrandes d\'oeufs, lapins et poules en chocolat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1739\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/lapin-de-paques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"333\" height=\"250\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1741\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/OeufsPâques-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nLapins de Pâques,cultures-et-chabada.blogspot.com Oeufs de Pâques en chocolat, chocolatier-imperial.com\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAinsi entendons nous traditionnellement chaque année, le dimanche et/ou lundi de Pâques l\'exclamation suivante : \"les cloches sont passées!\", signal signifiant le début de la fameuse chasse aux oeufs, cachés avec grand soin, en extérieur ou dans la maison, par les adultes pour la plus grande joie des petits et des plus grands!\r\n\r\nAlors bonne chasse aux oeufs à tous et souhaitons que les cloches de Pâques nous en amènent encore bien d\'autres l\'année prochaine! Miam!','Joyeuses Pâques!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1730-revision-v1','','','2018-04-01 22:49:18','2018-04-01 18:49:18','',1730,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1730-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1753,2,'2018-04-17 20:39:19','2018-04-17 16:39:19','','Fin hiver 2017 138','','inherit','open','closed','','fin-hiver-2017-138','','','2018-04-17 20:39:19','2018-04-17 16:39:19','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-138.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1754,2,'2018-04-17 20:39:57','2018-04-17 16:39:57','','Fin hiver 2017 143','','inherit','open','closed','','fin-hiver-2017-143','','','2018-04-17 20:39:57','2018-04-17 16:39:57','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-143.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1755,2,'2018-04-17 20:40:26','2018-04-17 16:40:26','','Fin hiver 2017 145','','inherit','open','closed','','fin-hiver-2017-145','','','2018-04-17 20:40:26','2018-04-17 16:40:26','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-145.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1756,2,'2018-04-17 20:40:48','2018-04-17 16:40:48','','Fin hiver 2017 146','','inherit','open','closed','','fin-hiver-2017-146','','','2018-04-17 20:40:48','2018-04-17 16:40:48','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-146.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1757,2,'2018-04-17 20:41:26','2018-04-17 16:41:26','','Fin hiver 2017 148','','inherit','open','closed','','fin-hiver-2017-148','','','2018-04-17 20:41:26','2018-04-17 16:41:26','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-148.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1758,2,'2018-04-17 21:05:14','2018-04-17 17:05:14','<h2><strong>Chez Tino</strong></h2>\r\nUne cuisine mauricienne authentique, un lieu magnifique et un accueil chaleureux, voici ce que vous offre le restaurant <em>Chez Tino. </em>un lieu qui<em> </em>existe depuis 1985 et ne cesse de faire parler de lui! Véritable institution familiale, le restaurant tire son nom du propriétaire des lieux <em>Tino </em>qui faisait le service tandis que sa femme<em> Fleurette -</em> le cœur du restaurant d\'après ses petits enfants<em> - </em>était aux fourneaux!<em> </em>\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, l\'aventure continue car<em> Tino</em> et <em>Fleurette</em> ont été rejoints par leurs enfants<em> Ricardo</em> et <em>Gilda</em> ainsi que leurs petits enfants! On n\'accourt de toute l\'île pour découvrir des saveurs et des plats sans cesse réinventés. Ainsi, l\'excellente surprise culinaire d\'une paella nouvelle version : la paella tropicale spéciale <em>Tino</em>! Un régal!\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1609\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1610\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1611\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPaëlla spéciale Tino. Splendide vue de la terrasse du restaurant sur la baie de Trou d\'Eau Douce/ Ananas aux crevettes. Photos de l\'auteure. 2017.\r\n<h2>La Demeure Saint-Antoine</h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong>Partez pour un voyage culinaire raffiné et authentique qui fera frémir de bonheur vos papilles de gourmet! C\'est cela que vous offre la <em>Demeure Saint-Antoine. </em></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1757\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-148-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1753\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-138-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nNiché au coeur de la campagne mauricienne, dans le cadre enchanteur et chargé d\'histoire d\'une maison coloniale construite en 1830 par Edmond de Chazal, la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong></em> fait incontestablement partie du patrimoine architectural et culturel mauricien. Son restaurant vous accueille sur la varangue à colonades, offrant une vue spectaculaire sur le jardin luxuriant du domaine. Le charme intemporel du lieu n\'a d\'égal que le raffinement de ses tables qui s\'habillent de nappes de coton immaculées, réhaussées d\'une vaisselle de porcelaine délicate et élégante, qui vous permettront de déguster une authentique cuisine gastronomique.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1754\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-143-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1755\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-145-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nGoûteux de saveurs locales, les mets sont réhaussés d\'une petite pointe d\'originalité due au savoir-faire remarquable de son chef mauricien et régaleront les plus fins connaisseurs, faisant incontestablement du restaurant de la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong> </em>une des meilleures table d\'hôtes de la côte nord mauricienne.\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument par tous les fins gourmets!\r\n\r\nLe restaurant vous accueille du mardi au samedi pour vos déjeuners ou dîner et l\'organisation de tout repas événementiel sur réservations : http://lademeuresaintantoine.com/infos-pratiques/\r\n\r\n• À noter que la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine </em></strong>vous propose également des séjours en chambres d\'hôtes.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Restaurants','','inherit','closed','closed','','1608-revision-v1','','','2018-04-17 21:05:14','2018-04-17 17:05:14','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1608-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1759,2,'2018-04-17 21:06:11','2018-04-17 17:06:11','<h2><strong>Chez Tino</strong></h2>\r\nUne cuisine mauricienne authentique, un lieu magnifique et un accueil chaleureux, voici ce que vous offre le restaurant <em>Chez Tino. </em>un lieu qui<em> </em>existe depuis 1985 et ne cesse de faire parler de lui! Véritable institution familiale, le restaurant tire son nom du propriétaire des lieux <em>Tino </em>qui faisait le service tandis que sa femme<em> Fleurette -</em> le cœur du restaurant d\'après ses petits enfants<em> - </em>était aux fourneaux!<em> </em>\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, l\'aventure continue car<em> Tino</em> et <em>Fleurette</em> ont été rejoints par leurs enfants<em> Ricardo</em> et <em>Gilda</em> ainsi que leurs petits enfants! On n\'accourt de toute l\'île pour découvrir des saveurs et des plats sans cesse réinventés. Ainsi, l\'excellente surprise culinaire d\'une paella nouvelle version : la paella tropicale spéciale <em>Tino</em>! Un régal!\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1609\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1610\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1611\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPaëlla spéciale Tino. Splendide vue de la terrasse du restaurant sur la baie de Trou d\'Eau Douce/ Ananas aux crevettes. Photos de l\'auteure. 2017.\r\n<h2>La Demeure Saint-Antoine</h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong>Partez pour un voyage culinaire raffiné et authentique qui fera frémir de bonheur vos papilles de gourmet! </strong>C\'est cela que vous offre la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine. </em></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1757\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-148-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1753\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-138-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nNiché au coeur de la campagne mauricienne, dans le cadre enchanteur et chargé d\'histoire d\'une maison coloniale construite en 1830 par Edmond de Chazal, la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong></em> fait incontestablement partie du patrimoine architectural et culturel mauricien. Son restaurant vous accueille sur la varangue à colonades, offrant une vue spectaculaire sur le jardin luxuriant du domaine. Le charme intemporel du lieu n\'a d\'égal que le raffinement de ses tables qui s\'habillent de nappes de coton immaculées, réhaussées d\'une vaisselle de porcelaine délicate et élégante, qui vous permettront de déguster une authentique cuisine gastronomique.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1754\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-143-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1755\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-145-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nGoûteux de saveurs locales, les mets sont réhaussés d\'une petite pointe d\'originalité due au savoir-faire remarquable de son chef mauricien et régaleront les plus fins connaisseurs, faisant incontestablement du restaurant de la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong> </em>une des meilleures table d\'hôtes de la côte nord mauricienne.\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument par tous les fins gourmets!\r\n\r\nLe restaurant vous accueille du mardi au samedi pour vos déjeuners ou dîner et l\'organisation de tout repas événementiel sur réservations : http://lademeuresaintantoine.com/infos-pratiques/\r\n\r\n• À noter que la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine </em></strong>vous propose également des séjours en chambres d\'hôtes.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Restaurants','','inherit','closed','closed','','1608-revision-v1','','','2018-04-17 21:06:11','2018-04-17 17:06:11','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1608-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1760,2,'2018-04-17 21:10:28','2018-04-17 17:10:28','<h2><strong>Chez Tino</strong></h2>\r\nUne cuisine mauricienne authentique, un lieu magnifique et un accueil chaleureux, voici ce que vous offre le restaurant <em>Chez Tino. </em>un lieu qui<em> </em>existe depuis 1985 et ne cesse de faire parler de lui! Véritable institution familiale, le restaurant tire son nom du propriétaire des lieux <em>Tino </em>qui faisait le service tandis que sa femme<em> Fleurette -</em> le cœur du restaurant d\'après ses petits enfants<em> - </em>était aux fourneaux!<em> </em>\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, l\'aventure continue car<em> Tino</em> et <em>Fleurette</em> ont été rejoints par leurs enfants<em> Ricardo</em> et <em>Gilda</em> ainsi que leurs petits enfants! On n\'accourt de toute l\'île pour découvrir des saveurs et des plats sans cesse réinventés. Ainsi, l\'excellente surprise culinaire d\'une paella nouvelle version : la paella tropicale spéciale <em>Tino</em>! Un régal!\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1609\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Paella-Tino-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1610\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Anniv2017-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1611\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Crevettes-à-lananas-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nPaëlla spéciale Tino. Splendide vue de la terrasse du restaurant sur la baie de Trou d\'Eau Douce/ Ananas aux crevettes. Photos de l\'auteure. 2017.\r\n<h2>La Demeure Saint-Antoine</h2>\r\n \r\n\r\n<strong>Partez pour un voyage culinaire raffiné et authentique qui fera frémir de bonheur vos papilles de gourmet! </strong>C\'est cela que vous offre la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine. </em></strong>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1757\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-148-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1753\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-138-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nNiché au coeur de la campagne mauricienne, dans le cadre enchanteur et chargé d\'histoire d\'une maison coloniale construite en 1830 par Edmond de Chazal, la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong></em> fait incontestablement partie du patrimoine architectural et culturel mauricien. Son restaurant vous accueille sous la varangue à colonades, offrant une vue spectaculaire sur le jardin luxuriant du domaine. Le charme intemporel du lieu n\'a d\'égal que le raffinement de ses tables qui s\'habillent de nappes de coton immaculé, réhaussées d\'une vaisselle de porcelaine délicate et élégante, qui vous permettront de déguster une authentique cuisine gastronomique.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1754\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-143-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1755\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Fin-hiver-2017-145-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nGoûteux de saveurs locales, les mets sont réhaussés d\'une petite pointe d\'originalité née au savoir-faire remarquable de son chef mauricien et régaleront les plus fins connaisseurs, faisant incontestablement du restaurant de la <em><strong>Demeure Saint-Antoine</strong> </em>une des meilleures table d\'hôtes de la côte nord mauricienne.\r\n\r\nÀ découvrir absolument par tous les fins gourmets!\r\n\r\nLe restaurant vous accueille du mardi au samedi pour vos déjeuners ou dîner et l\'organisation de tout repas événementiel sur réservations : http://lademeuresaintantoine.com/infos-pratiques/\r\n\r\n• À noter que la <strong><em>Demeure Saint-Antoine </em></strong>vous propose également des séjours en chambres d\'hôtes.\r\n\r\nphotos de l\'auteure, 2017.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Restaurants','','inherit','closed','closed','','1608-revision-v1','','','2018-04-17 21:10:28','2018-04-17 17:10:28','',1608,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1608-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1764,2,'2018-04-23 18:13:17','2018-04-23 14:13:17','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : <em> \"white or colored, free or slave\". </em> Ceci est d\'ailleurs toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance - à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion - s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique, bien au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ? (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, tout comme certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et Mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\r\n\r\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','publish','open','open','','etre-creole-a-maurice','','','2018-04-23 23:05:11','2018-04-23 19:05:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1764',0,'post','',1),(1765,2,'2018-04-23 18:13:17','2018-04-23 14:13:17','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous serons peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous nous intéresserons ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : \"<em> </em>white or colored, free or slave\". Ainsi, nous constatons que les Réunionnais de naissance, à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion, s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, à savoir les français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant à Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, métissée ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu</span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\n ','Être \"créole\" à Maurice','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 18:13:17','2018-04-23 14:13:17','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1766,2,'2018-04-23 23:05:03','2018-04-23 19:05:03','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\n\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\n\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\n\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : <em> \"white or colored, free or slave\". </em> Ceci est d\'ailleurs toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance - à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion - s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\n\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\n\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\n\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\n\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\n\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique, bien au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\n\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\n\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ? (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\n\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\n\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, tout comme certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\n\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et Mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\n\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\n\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\n\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\n\nVoir également :\n\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\n\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\n\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\n\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\n\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-autosave-v1','','','2018-04-23 23:05:03','2018-04-23 19:05:03','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1767,2,'2018-04-23 19:15:56','2018-04-23 15:15:56','','Danse Sega','','inherit','open','closed','','danse-sega','','','2018-04-23 19:15:56','2018-04-23 15:15:56','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Danse-Sega.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1768,2,'2018-04-23 19:44:28','2018-04-23 15:44:28','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : \"<em> white or colored, free or slave</em>\". Ainsi, nous constatons que c\'est toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance, à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion, s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique bien, au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ! (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, mais aussi certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la','Être \"créole\" à Maurice','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 19:44:28','2018-04-23 15:44:28','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1769,2,'2018-04-23 19:48:38','2018-04-23 15:48:38','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : \"<em> white or colored, free or slave</em>\". Ainsi, nous constatons que c\'est toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance, à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion, s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique bien, au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ! (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, mais aussi certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la','Être \"créole\" à Maurice, signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 19:48:38','2018-04-23 15:48:38','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1770,2,'2018-04-23 19:48:58','2018-04-23 15:48:58','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : \"<em> white or colored, free or slave</em>\". Ainsi, nous constatons que c\'est toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance, à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion, s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique bien, au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ! (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, mais aussi certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 19:48:58','2018-04-23 15:48:58','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1771,2,'2018-04-23 21:31:48','2018-04-23 17:31:48','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : \"<em> white or colored, free or slave</em>\". Ainsi, nous constatons que c\'est toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance, à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion, s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique bien, au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ! (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, mais aussi certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\r\n\r\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 21:31:48','2018-04-23 17:31:48','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1772,2,'2018-04-23 22:55:54','2018-04-23 18:55:54','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : <em> \"white or colored, free or slave\". </em>Ainsi, nous constatons que c\'est toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance, à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion, s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique bien, au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ! (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, mais aussi certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\r\n\r\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 22:55:54','2018-04-23 18:55:54','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1773,2,'2018-04-23 22:58:26','2018-04-23 18:58:26','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : <em> \"white or colored, free or slave\". </em> Ceci est d\'ailleurs toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance - à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion - s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique bien, au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ! (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, mais aussi certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\r\n\r\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 22:58:26','2018-04-23 18:58:26','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1774,2,'2018-04-23 23:00:25','2018-04-23 19:00:25','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : <em> \"white or colored, free or slave\". </em> Ceci est d\'ailleurs toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance - à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion - s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique, bien au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ! (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, mais aussi certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\r\n\r\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 23:00:25','2018-04-23 19:00:25','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1775,2,'2018-04-23 23:01:56','2018-04-23 19:01:56','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : <em> \"white or colored, free or slave\". </em> Ceci est d\'ailleurs toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance - à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion - s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique, bien au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ? (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, mais aussi certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\r\n\r\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 23:01:56','2018-04-23 19:01:56','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1776,2,'2018-04-23 23:03:28','2018-04-23 19:03:28','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : <em> \"white or colored, free or slave\". </em> Ceci est d\'ailleurs toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance - à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion - s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique, bien au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ? (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, tout comme certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\r\n\r\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 23:03:28','2018-04-23 19:03:28','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1777,2,'2018-04-23 23:05:11','2018-04-23 19:05:11','\"<em>Être créole à Maurice</em>\", vaste sujet dont la complexité et l\'évolution de la sémantique du terme font de son emploi, dans l\'île, ce qu\'on pourrait nommer une véritable particularité ou \"exception\" mauricienne.\r\n\r\nEn effet, bon nombre d\'entre nous seront peut-être surpris de connaître la définition du terme donnée par différents dictionnaires et encyclopédies au fil du temps. Pour le dictionnaire français Larousse, le terme de <em>créole</em> est associé, avant tout, au dialecte né de la confrontation entre la langue parlée par les anciens esclaves, majoritairement d\'ascendance africaine, et celle parlée par les colons, à savoir, selon le contexte historico-géographique, le portugais, le néerlandais, le français, l\'anglais, etc. Néanmoins, nous ne nous intéresserons, ici, qu\'à l\'emploi du terme <em>créole</em> (le créole en tant que langue fera l\'objet d\'un prochain article sur l\'identité mauricienne) pour parler d\'une population.\r\n\r\nSi l\'on consulte le lexique du CNRTL (Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales), on apprend que le terme <em>créole</em> était d\'abord utilisé pour désigner des individus issus de la population \"blanche\", d\'ascendance européenne, originaires des anciennes colonies d\'outre-mer. Ainsi, tout Français se souvient de l\'impératrice Joséphine, dite \"la belle créole\", née aux Antilles françaises, plus précisément à la Martinique, et femme de l\'empereur Napoléon 1er.\r\n\r\nToutefois, le terme évolue rapidement au niveau linguistique. Il est utilisé de manière péjorative pour désigner les habitants des colonies dits \"de couleur\", à savoir les individus \"noirs\" d\'ascendance africaine pour finalement s\'étendre à l\'ensemble des individus nés dans les îles d\'anciennes colonies européennes. Richard B. Allen montre, dans son ouvrage <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1850, </em>cette évolution<em> </em>linguistique, entre le XVIIème et le XIXème siècle, où le <em>créole </em>désigne tous les individus nés à l\'Île de France : <em> \"white or colored, free or slave\". </em> Ceci est d\'ailleurs toujours le cas, à l\'heure actuelle, à La Réunion où les Réunionnais de naissance - à savoir nés dans le département français de la Réunion - s\'auto-désignent sous le terme de <em>créole</em> et revendiquent cette dénomination (voire nomination) avec fierté, notamment par rapport aux métropolitains, Français nés et résidant dans l\'hexagone.\r\n\r\nJe me souviens à ce propos du mécontentement manifeste d\'une serveuse réunionnaise, qui venant prendre notre commande dans un restaurant de Saint-Leu, fut offusquée d\'entendre une de mes amies lui demander un plat typique aux saveurs créoles pour elle, <em>créole mauricienne : </em>\r\n\r\n\"<em> Mais moi aussi je suis créole même si je suis blanche!\" et d\'ajouter \"Je sais parfaitement ce qu\'il te faut, un plat local bien pimenté!\"</em>\r\n\r\nOr, ce n\'est pas le cas, loin s\'en faut, à Maurice et, c\'est à ce titre que je me permettrai de parler d\'exception mauricienne. En effet, lorsque l\'on interroge les Mauriciens sur le sujet ou si on les écoute simplement parler, nous constatons que le terme de <em>créole</em> est, aujourd\'hui, exclusiment utilisé pour désigner les Mauriciens d\'ascendance africaine, malgache, mais aussi les Mauriciens dits métis ou mulâtre, y compris par eux-même. Ce terme de référence est socio-culturellement admis par la population et palie à l\'emploi du terme péjoratif de \"nation\". Cependant, il est révélateur de consater que ce terme n\'est nullement usité au niveau officiel, ni reconnu par la Constitution Mauricienne qui parle plutôt de <em>population générale,</em> à savoir tous les Mauriciens qui ne sont pas d\'ascendance asiatique :\r\n\r\n« <em>La population de Maurice est considérée comme comprenant une communauté hindoue, une communauté musulmane et une communauté sino-mauricienne ; toute personne qui, par son mode de vie, ne peut être considérée comme appartenant à l’une de ces trois communautés, est réputée appartenir à la population générale, laquelle forme elle-même une quatrième communauté». </em><strong>Cf La<em class=\"marquage italique\"> Constitution de la République de Maurice en versions anglaise et française</em>, avec un répertoire par article de la jurisprudence en matière constitutionnelle, dir. L. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Favoreu </span>(CERSOI et GERJC, Université d’Aix-Marseille III), préface de Cassam Uteem, Président de la République de Maurice, Port Louis, Mauritius, Best Graphics Ltd, 1993, VII-292 p., p. 251.</strong>\r\n\r\nPourtant, force est de constater qu\'aucun Mauricien ne se revendique comme étant un <em>Mauricien de la population générale </em>mais revendique, bien au contraire, son identité à travers une appellation faisant référence à son ou ses origines ethniques ou simplement, et je dirai même plus logiquement, en se revendiquant simplement <em>Mauricien</em>. Néanmoins, même si tout mauricien se revendique avant tout comme tel à l\'extérieur, il est évident que la revendication ethnique devient un facteur identitaire fondamental à l\'intérieur du pays, notamment du fait du clivage socio-culturel existant dans la société mauricienne.\r\n\r\nJ\'attirerai également l\'attention du lecteur sur le fait que, lors de mes enquêtes de terrain en tant qu\'ethno-anthropologue, j\'ai plusieurs fois rencontré des Mauriciens d\'ascendance européenne qui affirmaient ne pouvoir supporter qu\'on les désignent en tant que <em>Franco-mauriciens</em> et préfèrent même qu\'on les désignent en fonction de leur couleur de peau, à savoir <em>les blancs. </em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Je ne supporte pas ce terme de Franco-Mauricienne, je suis Mauricienne, un point c\'est tout. D\'ailleurs, nous n\'avons plus aucun contact filial avec la France dans ma famille, même si nous savons de quelle région de France viennent nos ancêtres. Mais bon, ma famille est mauricienne depuis 1721 alors, comment pourrais-je revendiquer une autre identité que celle-là ? (...) Je préfère encore qu\'on me dise que je suis une blanche mauricienne qu\'une franco, ça encore ça veut dire quelque chose...\" </em>R. H. , Grand Baie, 2012.\r\n\r\nDe même je n\'ai jamais entendu, jusqu\'à présent, un Mauricien dit <em>créole, </em>se revendiquer Afro-Mauricien (ce qui peut s\'expliquer par de nombreux facteurs non exposés dans cet article).\r\n\r\nEn réalité, si on analyse davantage la culture mauricienne - et comme le montre l\'extrait précedemment cité relatif à la Constitution mauricienne - on constate inévitablement que la dénomination de chaque groupe est rarement exclusivement ethnique mais plutôt religieuse, ce qui non seulement complique les choses mais induit en erreur l\'étranger, tout comme certains Mauriciens, peu au courant des particularités ethniques, et donc culturelles, de leurs compatriotes appartenant à une autre communauté que la leur. On parle, par conséquent, plus volontiers d\'<em>Hindous</em> (ignorant par là même la distinction entre le groupe ethnique et les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme), d\'<em>Indo-Musulmans</em>, de S<em>ino-Mauriciens -</em> ces derniers étant parfois assimilés exclusivement à la pratique de la religion catholique - de Tamouls, de Madras-chrétiens, etc. Ce qui démontre la confusion qui règne quant à la terminologie employée pour désigner chacun.\r\n\r\nJe dirai en conclusion que le terme de <em>créole,</em> lorsqu\'il désigne une population, est complexe et n\'a sûrement pas dit son dernier mot quant à son évolution tant linguistique que socio-culturelle. Finalement, nous pouvons dire qu\'est <em>créole </em>qui le veut et se revendique comme tel. Et que, loin d\'être désuet et inutile, ce terme désigne aujourd\'hui une partie de la population mauricienne qui construit progressivement son identité autour de cette notion, métissée sémantiquement et ethniquement, ce qui en fait toute sa force. Le métissage ethnique et culturel n\'est-il pas synonyme de richesse et d\'avenir comme nous le chante <em>Zulu et Mario Ramsamy </em>dans une chanson porteuse d\'espoir, <em>La métisse :</em>\r\n\r\n<em>\" Métisse la pe melanz tou kouler, métisse la avans tou ban frontierr, avek so lenvi liberté, so dezir melanzé...\" La Métisse, </em>Zulu feat Mario Ramsamy, 2014.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bibliographie </strong>\r\n\r\nPour aller plus loin, je vous invite à lire les articles et les livres de l\'historien <strong>Hubert Gerbeau</strong>, agrégé d\'histoire et docteur d\'état, tel que l\'article<em> Religion et identité créole à l’île Maurice, </em>Université Aix-Marseille III, Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Sociétés de l’Océan Indien (CERSOI),Groupement de Recherches Océan Indien (CNRS).\r\n\r\nVoir également :\r\n\r\n♦ Richard B. Allen, <em>European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500 -1850, </em>paru en 2014.\r\n\r\n<em class=\"marquage italique\">♦Week-End</em>, 7 février 1993. Les citations de Roger Cerveaux sont choisies et commentées par N. <span class=\"marquage petitecap\">Benoît</span>. (<em class=\"marquage italique\">Fanandevozana. Colloque International sur l’esclavage</em>, 1996, documents provisoires, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 583-585 et <em class=\"marquage italique\">L’esclavage à Madagascar</em>, 1997, <em class=\"marquage italique\">op. cit.</em>, p. 408-409 ).\r\n\r\n♦ <em class=\"marquage italique\">Week-End</em>, 1<sup class=\"exposant\">er</sup> février 1998, p. 6 (Nuit de la Liberté organisée au stade de Rose-Hill par le ROC, Rassemblement des Organisations Créoles).\r\n\r\n♦ La Constitution de la République de Maurice : http://mjp.univperp.fr/constit/mu1968.htm#Chapitre_premier._LEtat_et_la\r\n\r\nPhoto : blog Air Mauritius','Être \"créole\" à Maurice : signification et enjeux socio-culturels','','inherit','closed','closed','','1764-revision-v1','','','2018-04-23 23:05:11','2018-04-23 19:05:11','',1764,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1764-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1780,1,'2018-04-26 15:32:42','2018-04-26 11:32:42','','favicon','','inherit','open','closed','','favicon','','','2018-04-26 15:32:42','2018-04-26 11:32:42','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/favicon.ico',0,'attachment','image/x-icon',0),(1782,2,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','La fête du travail est célébrée à l\'heure actuelle dans un grand nombre de pays, dont Maurice, mais varie au niveau de sa symbolique et son histoire selon les cultures envisagées. Les premières célébrations remontent au XVIII ème en Europe. En France, elle est instaurée dès 1793, sous le nouveau Régime Révolutionnaire, par Saint-Juste et reste aujourd\'hui un jour férié, symbole de la lutte ouvrière. Elle se confond aujourd\'hui avec la journée internationale des travailleurs, représentant, au départ, un jour annuel de grève, et donc de jour chômé, dans la lutte ouvrière pour l\'obtention d\'un temps de travail quotidien de huit heures. Ainsi, aux États-Unis, le 1er mai symbolise le <em>moving day - </em>où bon nombre d\'entreprise débutent leur année comptable<em> - </em>jour instauré de grève ouvrière afin de \"faire plier\" le patronnat et d\'imposer la journée des huit heures de travail fin XIXème siècle. Toutefois, ce jour n\'est pas forcément un jour férié et chômé dans tous les pays du monde, c\'est la cas notamment en Israël. En Iran, les ouvriers iraniens ont enfin obtenu, en <strong>2015, </strong>le droit de se réunir et célébrer la journée internationale des travailleurs comme il se doit.\n\nÀ Maurice, le 1er mai est un jour férié depuis 1950. Il est surtout synonyme de <em>meeting </em>politiques qui ont lieu dans chaque district de l\'île et auxquels les habitants sont conviés de participer, notamment par la mise en circulation de transports en commun gratuits. Ces réunions et discussions sont autant d\'occasion pour les différents partis en présence de juger de leur impact sur d\'éventuels et/ou effectifs électeurs et sont suivis traditionnellement par une grande partie de la population.\n\nCependant, cela est déploré par beaucoup de Mauriciens qui aimeraient que cette journée soit davantage accès sur des discussions relatives à l\'avenir et aux conditions de travail de la classe ouvrière, qui se juge trop souvent exploitée et spoliée :\n\n\" Nou, ban Morisiens nou fatigué avec tou sa discours ki politiciens pe fer, nou envi juste kosé couma nou ka amelior nou qualité travail et ki ban la bizin fer pour reconnaitre enfin nou valeur...\" Jocelyne B. Cap malheureux, avril 2018.\n\nEspérons que certains politiciens seront sensibles à cette demande et profiterons de cette journée pour méditer et amorcer un changement, en étant davantage à l\'écoute du souhait de ces Mauriciens qui sont autant d\'électeurs potentiels...\n\nBonne fête du 1er mai aux travailleurs de maurice et du monde!','La fête du travail ou fête du 1er mai','','publish','closed','closed','','la-fete-du-travail-ou-fete-du-1er-mai','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1782',0,'page','',0),(1783,2,'2018-04-30 19:03:52','2018-04-30 15:03:52','','1erMaiMaurice','','inherit','open','closed','','1ermaimaurice','','','2018-04-30 19:03:52','2018-04-30 15:03:52','',1782,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/1erMaiMaurice.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1784,2,'2018-04-30 19:08:39','2018-04-30 15:08:39','La fête du travail est célébrée à l\'heure actuelle dans un grand nombre de pays, dont Maurice, mais varie au niveau de sa symbolique et son histoire selon les cultures envisagées. Les premières célébrations remontent au XVIII ème en Europe. En France, elle est instaurée dès 1793, sous le nouveau Régime Révolutionnaire, par Saint-Juste et reste, à notre époque, un jour férié, symbole de la lutte ouvrière. Elle se confond aujourd\'hui avec la journée internationale des travailleurs, représentant, dès son instauration, un jour annuel de grève, et donc de jour chômé, dans la lutte ouvrière pour l\'obtention d\'un temps de travail quotidien de huit heures. Ainsi, aux États-Unis, le 1er mai symbolise le <em>moving day - </em>où bon nombre d\'entreprise débutent leur année comptable<em> - </em>jour instauré de grève ouvrière afin de \"faire plier\" le patronnat et d\'imposer la journée des huit heures de travail fin XIXème siècle. Toutefois, le 1er mai n\'est pas forcément un jour férié et chômé dans tous les pays du monde, c\'est la cas notamment en Israël. En Iran, les ouvriers iraniens ont enfin obtenu, en <strong>2015, </strong>le droit de se réunir et célébrer la journée internationale des travailleurs comme il se doit.\r\n\r\nÀ Maurice, le 1er mai est un jour férié depuis 1950. Il est surtout synonyme de <em>meeting </em>politiques qui ont lieu dans différents districts de l\'île et auxquels les habitants sont conviés de participer, notamment par la mise en circulation de transports en commun gratuits. Ces réunions et discussions sont autant d\'occasion pour les différents partis en présence de juger de leur impact sur d\'éventuels et/ou effectifs électeurs et sont suivis, traditionnellement, par une grande partie de la population.\r\n\r\nCependant, cela est déploré par beaucoup de Mauriciens qui aimeraient que cette journée soit davantage accès sur des discussions relatives à l\'avenir et aux conditions de travail de la classe ouvrière, qui se juge trop souvent exploitée et spoliée :\r\n\r\n\" Nou, ban Morisiens nou fatigué avec tou sa discours ki politiciens pe fer, nou envi juste kosé couma nou ka amelior nou qualité travail et ki ban la bizin fer pour reconnaitre enfin nou valeur...\" Jocelyne B. Cap malheureux, avril 2018.\r\n\r\nEspérons que certains politiciens seront sensibles à cette demande et profiterons de cette journée pour méditer et amorcer un changement, en étant davantage à l\'écoute du souhait de ces Mauriciens qui sont autant d\'électeurs potentiels...\r\n\r\nBonne fête du 1er mai aux travailleurs de maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nphoto de rassemblements de différents partisans mauriciens. <em> Source : https://www.sundaytimesmauritius.com</em>','La fête du 1er mai ou la journée internationale des travailleurs','','publish','open','open','','la-fete-du-1er-mai-ou-la-journee-internationale-des-travailleurs','','','2018-04-30 19:13:15','2018-04-30 15:13:15','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1784',0,'post','',0),(1785,2,'2018-04-30 19:08:39','2018-04-30 15:08:39','La fête du travail est célébrée à l\'heure actuelle dans un grand nombre de pays, dont Maurice, mais varie au niveau de sa symbolique et son histoire selon les cultures envisagées. Les premières célébrations remontent au XVIII ème en Europe. En France, elle est instaurée dès 1793, sous le nouveau Régime Révolutionnaire, par Saint-Juste et reste aujourd\'hui un jour férié, symbole de la lutte ouvrière. Elle se confond aujourd\'hui avec la journée internationale des travailleurs, représentant, au départ, un jour annuel de grève, et donc de jour chômé, dans la lutte ouvrière pour l\'obtention d\'un temps de travail quotidien de huit heures. Ainsi, aux États-Unis, le 1er mai symbolise le <em>moving day - </em>où bon nombre d\'entreprise débutent leur année comptable<em> - </em>jour instauré de grève ouvrière afin de \"faire plier\" le patronnat et d\'imposer la journée des huit heures de travail fin XIXème siècle. Toutefois, ce jour n\'est pas forcément un jour férié et chômé dans tous les pays du monde, c\'est la cas notamment en Israël. En Iran, les ouvriers iraniens ont enfin obtenu, en <strong>2015, </strong>le droit de se réunir et célébrer la journée internationale des travailleurs comme il se doit.\r\n\r\nÀ Maurice, le 1er mai est un jour férié depuis 1950. Il est surtout synonyme de <em>meeting </em>politiques qui ont lieu dans chaque district de l\'île et auxquels les habitants sont conviés de participer, notamment par la mise en circulation de transports en commun gratuits. Ces réunions et discussions sont autant d\'occasion pour les différents partis en présence de juger de leur impact sur d\'éventuels et/ou effectifs électeurs et sont suivis traditionnellement par une grande partie de la population.\r\n\r\nCependant, cela est déploré par beaucoup de Mauriciens qui aimeraient que cette journée soit davantage accès sur des discussions relatives à l\'avenir et aux conditions de travail de la classe ouvrière, qui se juge trop souvent exploitée et spoliée :\r\n\r\n\" Nou, ban Morisiens nou fatigué avec tou sa discours ki politiciens pe fer, nou envi juste kosé couma nou ka amelior nou qualité travail et ki ban la bizin fer pour reconnaitre enfin nou valeur...\" Jocelyne B. Cap malheureux, avril 2018.\r\n\r\nEspérons que certains politiciens seront sensibles à cette demande et profiterons de cette journée pour méditer et amorcer un changement, en étant davantage à l\'écoute du souhait de ces Mauriciens qui sont autant d\'électeurs potentiels...\r\n\r\nBonne fête du 1er mai aux travailleurs de maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nphoto de rassemblements de différents partisans mauriciens. <em> Source : https://www.sundaytimesmauritius.com</em>','La fête du 1er mai ou la journée internationale des travailleurs','','inherit','closed','closed','','1784-revision-v1','','','2018-04-30 19:08:39','2018-04-30 15:08:39','',1784,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1784-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1786,2,'2018-04-30 19:12:36','2018-04-30 15:12:36','La fête du travail est célébrée à l\'heure actuelle dans un grand nombre de pays, dont Maurice, mais varie au niveau de sa symbolique et son histoire selon les cultures envisagées. Les premières célébrations remontent au XVIII ème en Europe. En France, elle est instaurée dès 1793, sous le nouveau Régime Révolutionnaire, par Saint-Juste et reste, à notre époque, un jour férié, symbole de la lutte ouvrière. Elle se confond aujourd\'hui avec la journée internationale des travailleurs, représentant, dès son instauration, un jour annuel de grève, et donc de jour chômé, dans la lutte ouvrière pour l\'obtention d\'un temps de travail quotidien de huit heures. Ainsi, aux États-Unis, le 1er mai symbolise le <em>moving day - </em>où bon nombre d\'entreprise débutent leur année comptable<em> - </em>jour instauré de grève ouvrière afin de \"faire plier\" le patronnat et d\'imposer la journée des huit heures de travail fin XIXème siècle. Toutefois, le 1er mai n\'est pas forcément un jour férié et chômé dans tous les pays du monde, c\'est la cas notamment en Israël. En Iran, les ouvriers iraniens ont enfin obtenu, en <strong>2015, </strong>le droit de se réunir et célébrer la journée internationale des travailleurs comme il se doit.\n\nÀ Maurice, le 1er mai est un jour férié depuis 1950. Il est surtout synonyme de <em>meeting </em>politiques qui ont lieu dans différents districts de l\'île et auxquels les habitants sont conviés de participer, notamment par la mise en circulation de transports en commun gratuits. Ces réunions et discussions sont autant d\'occasion pour les différents partis en présence de juger de leur impact sur d\'éventuels et/ou effectifs électeurs et sont suivis traditionnellement par une grande partie de la population.\n\nCependant, cela est déploré par beaucoup de Mauriciens qui aimeraient que cette journée soit davantage accès sur des discussions relatives à l\'avenir et aux conditions de travail de la classe ouvrière, qui se juge trop souvent exploitée et spoliée :\n\n\" Nou, ban Morisiens nou fatigué avec tou sa discours ki politiciens pe fer, nou envi juste kosé couma nou ka amelior nou qualité travail et ki ban la bizin fer pour reconnaitre enfin nou valeur...\" Jocelyne B. Cap malheureux, avril 2018.\n\nEspérons que certains politiciens seront sensibles à cette demande et profiterons de cette journée pour méditer et amorcer un changement, en étant davantage à l\'écoute du souhait de ces Mauriciens qui sont autant d\'électeurs potentiels...\n\nBonne fête du 1er mai aux travailleurs de maurice et du monde!\n\n \n\nphoto de rassemblements de différents partisans mauriciens. <em> Source : https://www.sundaytimesmauritius.com</em>','La fête du 1er mai ou la journée internationale des travailleurs','','inherit','closed','closed','','1784-autosave-v1','','','2018-04-30 19:12:36','2018-04-30 15:12:36','',1784,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1784-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1787,2,'2018-04-30 19:10:09','2018-04-30 15:10:09','La fête du travail est célébrée à l\'heure actuelle dans un grand nombre de pays, dont Maurice, mais varie au niveau de sa symbolique et son histoire selon les cultures envisagées. Les premières célébrations remontent au XVIII ème en Europe. En France, elle est instaurée dès 1793, sous le nouveau Régime Révolutionnaire, par Saint-Juste et reste, à notre époque, un jour férié, symbole de la lutte ouvrière. Elle se confond aujourd\'hui avec la journée internationale des travailleurs, représentant, au départ, un jour annuel de grève, et donc de jour chômé, dans la lutte ouvrière pour l\'obtention d\'un temps de travail quotidien de huit heures. Ainsi, aux États-Unis, le 1er mai symbolise le <em>moving day - </em>où bon nombre d\'entreprise débutent leur année comptable<em> - </em>jour instauré de grève ouvrière afin de \"faire plier\" le patronnat et d\'imposer la journée des huit heures de travail fin XIXème siècle. Toutefois, ce jour n\'est pas forcément un jour férié et chômé dans tous les pays du monde, c\'est la cas notamment en Israël. En Iran, les ouvriers iraniens ont enfin obtenu, en <strong>2015, </strong>le droit de se réunir et célébrer la journée internationale des travailleurs comme il se doit.\r\n\r\nÀ Maurice, le 1er mai est un jour férié depuis 1950. Il est surtout synonyme de <em>meeting </em>politiques qui ont lieu dans chaque district de l\'île et auxquels les habitants sont conviés de participer, notamment par la mise en circulation de transports en commun gratuits. Ces réunions et discussions sont autant d\'occasion pour les différents partis en présence de juger de leur impact sur d\'éventuels et/ou effectifs électeurs et sont suivis traditionnellement par une grande partie de la population.\r\n\r\nCependant, cela est déploré par beaucoup de Mauriciens qui aimeraient que cette journée soit davantage accès sur des discussions relatives à l\'avenir et aux conditions de travail de la classe ouvrière, qui se juge trop souvent exploitée et spoliée :\r\n\r\n\" Nou, ban Morisiens nou fatigué avec tou sa discours ki politiciens pe fer, nou envi juste kosé couma nou ka amelior nou qualité travail et ki ban la bizin fer pour reconnaitre enfin nou valeur...\" Jocelyne B. Cap malheureux, avril 2018.\r\n\r\nEspérons que certains politiciens seront sensibles à cette demande et profiterons de cette journée pour méditer et amorcer un changement, en étant davantage à l\'écoute du souhait de ces Mauriciens qui sont autant d\'électeurs potentiels...\r\n\r\nBonne fête du 1er mai aux travailleurs de maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nphoto de rassemblements de différents partisans mauriciens. <em> Source : https://www.sundaytimesmauritius.com</em>','La fête du 1er mai ou la journée internationale des travailleurs','','inherit','closed','closed','','1784-revision-v1','','','2018-04-30 19:10:09','2018-04-30 15:10:09','',1784,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1784-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1788,2,'2018-04-30 19:13:15','2018-04-30 15:13:15','La fête du travail est célébrée à l\'heure actuelle dans un grand nombre de pays, dont Maurice, mais varie au niveau de sa symbolique et son histoire selon les cultures envisagées. Les premières célébrations remontent au XVIII ème en Europe. En France, elle est instaurée dès 1793, sous le nouveau Régime Révolutionnaire, par Saint-Juste et reste, à notre époque, un jour férié, symbole de la lutte ouvrière. Elle se confond aujourd\'hui avec la journée internationale des travailleurs, représentant, dès son instauration, un jour annuel de grève, et donc de jour chômé, dans la lutte ouvrière pour l\'obtention d\'un temps de travail quotidien de huit heures. Ainsi, aux États-Unis, le 1er mai symbolise le <em>moving day - </em>où bon nombre d\'entreprise débutent leur année comptable<em> - </em>jour instauré de grève ouvrière afin de \"faire plier\" le patronnat et d\'imposer la journée des huit heures de travail fin XIXème siècle. Toutefois, le 1er mai n\'est pas forcément un jour férié et chômé dans tous les pays du monde, c\'est la cas notamment en Israël. En Iran, les ouvriers iraniens ont enfin obtenu, en <strong>2015, </strong>le droit de se réunir et célébrer la journée internationale des travailleurs comme il se doit.\r\n\r\nÀ Maurice, le 1er mai est un jour férié depuis 1950. Il est surtout synonyme de <em>meeting </em>politiques qui ont lieu dans différents districts de l\'île et auxquels les habitants sont conviés de participer, notamment par la mise en circulation de transports en commun gratuits. Ces réunions et discussions sont autant d\'occasion pour les différents partis en présence de juger de leur impact sur d\'éventuels et/ou effectifs électeurs et sont suivis, traditionnellement, par une grande partie de la population.\r\n\r\nCependant, cela est déploré par beaucoup de Mauriciens qui aimeraient que cette journée soit davantage accès sur des discussions relatives à l\'avenir et aux conditions de travail de la classe ouvrière, qui se juge trop souvent exploitée et spoliée :\r\n\r\n\" Nou, ban Morisiens nou fatigué avec tou sa discours ki politiciens pe fer, nou envi juste kosé couma nou ka amelior nou qualité travail et ki ban la bizin fer pour reconnaitre enfin nou valeur...\" Jocelyne B. Cap malheureux, avril 2018.\r\n\r\nEspérons que certains politiciens seront sensibles à cette demande et profiterons de cette journée pour méditer et amorcer un changement, en étant davantage à l\'écoute du souhait de ces Mauriciens qui sont autant d\'électeurs potentiels...\r\n\r\nBonne fête du 1er mai aux travailleurs de maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nphoto de rassemblements de différents partisans mauriciens. <em> Source : https://www.sundaytimesmauritius.com</em>','La fête du 1er mai ou la journée internationale des travailleurs','','inherit','closed','closed','','1784-revision-v1','','','2018-04-30 19:13:15','2018-04-30 15:13:15','',1784,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1784-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1789,2,'2018-05-26 19:23:25','2018-05-26 15:23:25','Nous célébrons ce dimanche 27 mai la fête des mères, jour où chaque enfant remercie, de manière privilégiée, sa maman pour l\'amour, la protection et les soins qu\'elle lui a prodigué et lui prodigue depuis sa naissance. L\'occasion de faire un petit récapitulatif sur les origines de cette fête si spéciale.\r\n\r\nOn note, dès l\'Antiquité, une référence à des célébrations dédiées aux mères ou culte de la déesse Mère, chez les peuples grec et romain. Ainsi, <em>Rhéa</em>, mère de tous les dieux et, en particulier, celle du dieu des dieux, <em>Zeus</em>, est honorée chaque année, au retour du Printemps, saison du renouveau de la Nature et de la fertilité. Les Romains célèbrent les matrones lors des <em>Matronalia</em>, le 1er mars, mais aussi la déesse <em>Cybèle</em>, symbolisant la nature sauvage, le 25 mars.\r\n\r\nPlus proche de nous, on note la célébration du <em>Mothering Sunday, </em>au XVème siècle, en Angleterre, toujours pendant la saison printanière, autour du Carême précédant la célébration des fêtes de Pâques. Enfin, c\'est vraiment sous l\'impulsion des États-Unis, en 1908, que la fête des mères revêtira son caractère actuel et s\'imposera définitivement comme une fête incontournable du calendrier grégorien, en Occident. Toutefois, signalons que le petit village français d\'Artas, en région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne, revendique la \"maternité\" de cette fête, faisant référence à une célébration qui eut lieu le 10 juin 1906. En effet, le fondateur de l\'Union fraternelle des pères de famille méritants d\'Artas, Prosper Roche, initia, ce jour-là, une cérémonie en l\'honneur des mères de famille nombreuses. Dix-neuf d\'entre elles reçurent, à cette occasion, un prix récompensant leur \"haut mérite maternel\". Le diplôme original est d\'ailleurs conservé dans la bibliothèque de l\'Institut de France, à Paris.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, la fête des mères a dépassé les frontières de l\'Occident et se célèbrent dans un grand nombre de pays, dont l\'Île Maurice! Au delà de l\'aspect commercial, ce jour est l\'occasion pour tous de rappeler combien nos mères nous sont précieuses et combien nous les aimons...\r\n\r\nBonne fêtes des mères à toutes les mamans de Maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n\"Maman, je t\'aime\"! Des Mauriciens témoignent ...\r\n\r\n<em>\" La fête des mères est l\'une de mes fêtes préférées, car c\'est une occasion pour moi de remercier ma mère pour tout ce qu\'elle a fait et fait pour moi Et en cette occasion, On se retrouve habituellement chez ma mère, Ma marraine, ma grand-mère et moi. Cette année, On ira dans un bungalow avec toute la famille où je concocterai un bon petit plat pour le déjeuner afin de faire passer une journée spéciale à ces femmes spéciales...\" </em>Joanna,29 ans, Péreybère, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\"<em> Ma mère je l\'aime, elle est toujours là pour moi, elle m\'aide, me console quand j\'en ai besoin, même quand je fais des bêtises... Aujourd\'hui je lui montre qu\'elle est la plus importante et la plus belle pour moi, merci maman! Mo extra kontan twa!\" </em>Rudy, 11 ans, Vacoas, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>La fête des mères c\'est plus spécial que Noël parce que c\'est comme un jour privé pour les mamans. C\'est le seul moment où les mamans ont enfin un jour de détente et qu\'elles ont des cadeaux... C\'est vraiment un moment spécial pour moi\". </em>Mariya, 12 ans, Grand Baie, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\"<em>Un petit témoignage de ce qu\'est pour moi la fête des mères qui est une fête exceptionnelle dont j\'ai gardé un bon souvenir de quand on était très jeune avec mes sœurs et mon frère et quand c\'était la fête des mères : ma maman fumait à cette époque et à Maurice, comme on pouvait avoir les cigarettes par pièce, on achetait chacun une cigarette et on ramassait les fleurs chez les voisins pour l\'offrir, et on était content. Et après, une fois maman moi-même, c\'était un plaisir de passer cette fête avec mes enfants qui me gâtait avec leur cadeau confectionné avec amour à l\'école,par exemple, le collier fait en pâtes, c\'était les plus beaux des cadeaux! Et des fois, si on allait pas au resto, c\'était des repas avec des amies mamans et leurs enfants. Et on passait de très belles journées! Voilà pour dimanche je souhaite une belle fête à toutes les mamans ici et au paradis. ?</em>\" Bianca, Balaclava, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>Je pense que, tous les jours, les mamans du monde entier devraient être remerciées, aimées, valorisées et honorées. Pour ceux qui le font déjà, c\'est un exemple à suivre. Pour ceux qui ont plus de mal, c\'est important qu\'un jour ait été instauré pour leur rappeler et afin d\'accorder une attention particulière à la femme. Que ferions-nous sans notre maman? C\'est celle qui nous a porté pendant 9 mois, celle qui nous soutient dans les moments difficiles tout le long de notre vie. Pour ce rôle qui lui est attribué à vie, je remercie ma mère. Alors, tout le monde, à vos portefeuilles!!!\"</em> Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" Maman mo kontan twa, mo envi rest just avec twa tou mo la vie!\" Asha, 6 ans, Goodlands, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1793 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gâteau-fête-des-mères-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"376\" height=\"308\" />','Bonne fête maman!','','publish','open','open','','bonne-fete-maman','','','2018-05-27 10:18:53','2018-05-27 06:18:53','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1789',0,'post','',0),(1790,2,'2018-05-26 19:21:50','2018-05-26 15:21:50','','Fête des mères','','inherit','open','closed','','fete-des-meres','','','2018-05-26 19:21:50','2018-05-26 15:21:50','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fête-des-mères.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1791,2,'2018-05-26 19:23:25','2018-05-26 15:23:25','Nous célébrons ce dimanche 26 mai la fête des mères, jour où chaque enfant remercie, de manière privilégiée, sa maman pour l\'amour, la protection et les soins qu\'elle lui a prodigué et lui prodigue depuis sa naissance. L\'occasion de faire un petit récapitulatif sur les origines de cette fête si spéciale.\r\n\r\nOn note, dès l\'Antiquité, une référence à des célébrations dédiées aux mères ou culte de la déesse Mère, chez les peuples grec et romain. Ainsi, <em>Rhéa</em>, mère de tous les dieux et, en particulier, celle du dieu des dieux, <em>Zeus</em>, est honorée chaque année, au retour du Printemps, saison du renouveau de la Nature et de la fertilité. Les Romains célèbrent les matrones lors des <em>Matronalia</em>, le 1er mars, mais aussi la déesse <em>Cybèle</em>, symbolisant la nature sauvage, le 25 mars.\r\n\r\nPlus proche de nous, on note la célébration du <em>Mothering Sunday, </em>au XVème siècle, en Angleterre, toujours pendant la saison printanière, autour du Carême précédant la célébration des fêtes de Pâques. Enfin, c\'est vraiment sous l\'impulsion des États-Unis, en 1908, que la fête des mères revêtira son caractère actuel et s\'imposera définitivement comme une fête incontournable du calendrier grégorien, en Occident. Toutefois, signalons que le petit village français d\'Artas, en région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne, revendique la \"maternité\" de cette fête, faisant référence à une célébration qui eut lieu le 10 juin 1906. En effet, le fondateur de l\'Union fraternelle des pères de famille méritants d\'Artas, Prosper Roche, initia, ce jour-là, une cérémonie en l\'honneur des mères de famille nombreuses. Dix-neuf d\'entre elles reçurent, à cette occasion, un prix récompensant leur \"haut mérite maternel\". Le diplôme original est d\'ailleurs conservé dans la bibliothèque de l\'Institut de France, à Paris.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, la fête des mères a dépassé les frontières de l\'Occident et se célèbrent dans un grand nombre de pays, dont l\'Île Maurice! Au delà de l\'aspect commercial, ce jour est l\'occasion pour tous de rappeler combien nos mères nous sommes précieuses et combien nous les aimons...\r\n\r\nBonne fêtes des mères à toutes les mamans de Maurice et du monde!','Bonne fête maman!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1789-revision-v1','','','2018-05-26 19:23:25','2018-05-26 15:23:25','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1789-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1792,2,'2018-05-27 10:18:50','2018-05-27 06:18:50','Nous célébrons ce dimanche 27 mai la fête des mères, jour où chaque enfant remercie, de manière privilégiée, sa maman pour l\'amour, la protection et les soins qu\'elle lui a prodigué et lui prodigue depuis sa naissance. L\'occasion de faire un petit récapitulatif sur les origines de cette fête si spéciale.\n\nOn note, dès l\'Antiquité, une référence à des célébrations dédiées aux mères ou culte de la déesse Mère, chez les peuples grec et romain. Ainsi, <em>Rhéa</em>, mère de tous les dieux et, en particulier, celle du dieu des dieux, <em>Zeus</em>, est honorée chaque année, au retour du Printemps, saison du renouveau de la Nature et de la fertilité. Les Romains célèbrent les matrones lors des <em>Matronalia</em>, le 1er mars, mais aussi la déesse <em>Cybèle</em>, symbolisant la nature sauvage, le 25 mars.\n\nPlus proche de nous, on note la célébration du <em>Mothering Sunday, </em>au XVème siècle, en Angleterre, toujours pendant la saison printanière, autour du Carême précédant la célébration des fêtes de Pâques. Enfin, c\'est vraiment sous l\'impulsion des États-Unis, en 1908, que la fête des mères revêtira son caractère actuel et s\'imposera définitivement comme une fête incontournable du calendrier grégorien, en Occident. Toutefois, signalons que le petit village français d\'Artas, en région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne, revendique la \"maternité\" de cette fête, faisant référence à une célébration qui eut lieu le 10 juin 1906. En effet, le fondateur de l\'Union fraternelle des pères de famille méritants d\'Artas, Prosper Roche, initia, ce jour-là, une cérémonie en l\'honneur des mères de famille nombreuses. Dix-neuf d\'entre elles reçurent, à cette occasion, un prix récompensant leur \"haut mérite maternel\". Le diplôme original est d\'ailleurs conservé dans la bibliothèque de l\'Institut de France, à Paris.\n\nAujourd\'hui, la fête des mères a dépassé les frontières de l\'Occident et se célèbrent dans un grand nombre de pays, dont l\'Île Maurice! Au delà de l\'aspect commercial, ce jour est l\'occasion pour tous de rappeler combien nos mères nous sont précieuses et combien nous les aimons...\n\nBonne fêtes des mères à toutes les mamans de Maurice et du monde!\n\n\"Maman, je t\'aime\"! Des Mauriciens témoignent ...\n\n<em>\" La fête des mères est l\'une de mes fêtes préférées, car c\'est une occasion pour moi de remercier ma mère pour tout ce qu\'elle a fait et fait pour moi Et en cette occasion, On se retrouve habituellement chez ma mère, Ma marraine, ma grand-mère et moi. Cette année, On ira dans un bungalow avec toute la famille où je concocterai un bon petit plat pour le déjeuner afin de faire passer une journée spéciale à ces femmes spéciales...\" </em>Joanna,29 ans, Péreybère, mai 2018.\n\n\"<em> Ma mère je l\'aime, elle est toujours là pour moi, elle m\'aide, me console quand j\'en ai besoin, même quand je fais des bêtises... Aujourd\'hui je lui montre qu\'elle est la plus importante et la plus belle pour moi, merci maman! Mo extra kontan twa!\" </em>Rudy, 11 ans, Vacoas, mai 2018.\n\n\" <em>La fête des mères c\'est plus spécial que Noël parce que c\'est comme un jour privé pour les mamans. C\'est le seul moment où les mamans ont enfin un jour de détente et qu\'elles ont des cadeaux... C\'est vraiment un moment spécial pour moi\". </em>Mariya, 12 ans, Grand Baie, mai 2018.\n\n\"<em>Un petit témoignage de ce qu\'est pour moi la fête des mères qui est une fête exceptionnelle dont j\'ai gardé un bon souvenir de quand on était très jeune avec mes sœurs et mon frère et quand c\'était la fête des mères : ma maman fumait à cette époque et à Maurice, comme on pouvait avoir les cigarettes par pièce, on achetait chacun une cigarette et on ramassait les fleurs chez les voisins pour l\'offrir, et on était content. Et après, une fois maman moi-même, c\'était un plaisir de passer cette fête avec mes enfants qui me gâtait avec leur cadeau confectionné avec amour à l\'école,par exemple, le collier fait en pâtes, c\'était les plus beaux des cadeaux! Et des fois, si on allait pas au resto, c\'était des repas avec des amies mamans et leurs enfants. Et on passait de très belles journées! Voilà pour dimanche je souhaite une belle fête à toutes les mamans ici et au paradis. ?</em>\" Bianca, Balaclava, mai 2018.\n\n\" <em>Je pense que, tous les jours, les mamans du monde entier devraient être remerciées, aimées, valorisées et honorées. Pour ceux qui le font déjà, c\'est un exemple à suivre. Pour ceux qui ont plus de mal, c\'est important qu\'un jour ait été instauré pour leur rappeler et afin d\'accorder une attention particulière à la femme. Que ferions-nous sans notre maman? C\'est celle qui nous a porté pendant 9 mois, celle qui nous soutient dans les moments difficiles tout le long de notre vie. Pour ce rôle qui lui est attribué à vie, je remercie ma mère. Alors, tout le monde, à vos portefeuilles!!!\"</em> Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mai 2018.\n\n\" Maman mo kontan twa, mo envi rest just avec twa tou mo la vie!\" Asha, 6 ans, Goodlands, mai 2018.\n\n \n\n<img class=\"wp-image-1793 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gâteau-fête-des-mères-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"376\" height=\"308\" />','Bonne fête maman!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1789-autosave-v1','','','2018-05-27 10:18:50','2018-05-27 06:18:50','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1789-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1793,2,'2018-05-26 19:43:28','2018-05-26 15:43:28','','Gâteau fête des mères','','inherit','open','closed','','gateau-fete-des-meres','','','2018-05-26 19:43:28','2018-05-26 15:43:28','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gâteau-fête-des-mères.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1794,2,'2018-05-26 19:44:05','2018-05-26 15:44:05','Nous célébrons ce dimanche 26 mai la fête des mères, jour où chaque enfant remercie, de manière privilégiée, sa maman pour l\'amour, la protection et les soins qu\'elle lui a prodigué et lui prodigue depuis sa naissance. L\'occasion de faire un petit récapitulatif sur les origines de cette fête si spéciale.\r\n\r\nOn note, dès l\'Antiquité, une référence à des célébrations dédiées aux mères ou culte de la déesse Mère, chez les peuples grec et romain. Ainsi, <em>Rhéa</em>, mère de tous les dieux et, en particulier, celle du dieu des dieux, <em>Zeus</em>, est honorée chaque année, au retour du Printemps, saison du renouveau de la Nature et de la fertilité. Les Romains célèbrent les matrones lors des <em>Matronalia</em>, le 1er mars, mais aussi la déesse <em>Cybèle</em>, symbolisant la nature sauvage, le 25 mars.\r\n\r\nPlus proche de nous, on note la célébration du <em>Mothering Sunday, </em>au XVème siècle, en Angleterre, toujours pendant la saison printanière, autour du Carême précédant la célébration des fêtes de Pâques. Enfin, c\'est vraiment sous l\'impulsion des États-Unis, en 1908, que la fête des mères revêtira son caractère actuel et s\'imposera définitivement comme une fête incontournable du calendrier grégorien, en Occident. Toutefois, signalons que le petit village français d\'Artas, en région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne, revendique la \"maternité\" de cette fête, faisant référence à une célébration qui eut lieu le 10 juin 1906. En effet, le fondateur de l\'Union fraternelle des pères de famille méritants d\'Artas, Prosper Roche, initia, ce jour-là, une cérémonie en l\'honneur des mères de famille nombreuses. Dix-neuf d\'entre elles reçurent, à cette occasion, un prix récompensant leur \"haut mérite maternel\". Le diplôme original est d\'ailleurs conservé dans la bibliothèque de l\'Institut de France, à Paris.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, la fête des mères a dépassé les frontières de l\'Occident et se célèbrent dans un grand nombre de pays, dont l\'Île Maurice! Au delà de l\'aspect commercial, ce jour est l\'occasion pour tous de rappeler combien nos mères nous sommes précieuses et combien nous les aimons...\r\n\r\nBonne fêtes des mères à toutes les mamans de Maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n\"Maman, je t\'aime\"! Des Mauriciens témoignent ...\r\n\r\n<em>\" La fête des mères est l\'une de mes fêtes préférées, car c\'est une occasion pour moi de remercier ma mère pour tout ce qu\'elle a fait et fait pour moi Et en cette occasion, On se retrouve habituellement chez ma mère, Ma marraine, ma grand-mère et moi. Cette année, On ira dans un bungalow avec toute la famille où je concocterai un bon petit plat pour le déjeuner afin de faire passer une journée spéciale à ces femmes spéciales...\" </em>Joanna,29 ans, Péreybère, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\"<em> Ma mère je l\'aime, elle est toujours là pour moi, elle m\'aide, me console quand j\'en ai besoin, même quand je fais des bêtises... Aujourd\'hui je lui montre qu\'elle est la plus importante et la plus belle pour moi, merci maman! Mo extra kontan twa!\" </em>Rudy, 11 ans, Vacoas, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>La fête des mères c\'est plus spécial que Noël parce que c\'est comme un jour privé pour les mamans. C\'est le seul moment où les mamans ont enfin un jour de détente et qu\'elles ont des cadeaux... C\'est vraiment un moment spécial pour moi\". </em>Mariya, 12 ans, Grand Baie, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>Je pense que tous les jours, les mamans du monde entier devraient être remerciées, aimées, valorisées et honorées. Pour ceux qui le font déjà, c\'est un exemple à suivre. Pour ceux qui ont plus de mal, c\'est important qu\'un jour ait été instauré pour leur rappeler et afin d\'accorder une attention particulière à la femme. Que ferions-nous sans notre maman? C\'est celle qui nous a porté pendant 9 mois, celle qui nous soutient dans les moments difficiles tout le long de notre vie. Pour ce rôle qui lui est attribué à vie, je remercie ma mère. Alors, tout le monde, à vos portefeuilles!!!\"</em> Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" Maman mo kontan twa, mo envi rest just avec twa tou mo la vie!\" Asha, 6 ans, Goodlands, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1793 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gâteau-fête-des-mères-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"376\" height=\"308\" />','Bonne fête maman!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1789-revision-v1','','','2018-05-26 19:44:05','2018-05-26 15:44:05','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1789-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1795,2,'2018-05-26 19:44:52','2018-05-26 15:44:52','Nous célébrons ce dimanche 27 mai la fête des mères, jour où chaque enfant remercie, de manière privilégiée, sa maman pour l\'amour, la protection et les soins qu\'elle lui a prodigué et lui prodigue depuis sa naissance. L\'occasion de faire un petit récapitulatif sur les origines de cette fête si spéciale.\r\n\r\nOn note, dès l\'Antiquité, une référence à des célébrations dédiées aux mères ou culte de la déesse Mère, chez les peuples grec et romain. Ainsi, <em>Rhéa</em>, mère de tous les dieux et, en particulier, celle du dieu des dieux, <em>Zeus</em>, est honorée chaque année, au retour du Printemps, saison du renouveau de la Nature et de la fertilité. Les Romains célèbrent les matrones lors des <em>Matronalia</em>, le 1er mars, mais aussi la déesse <em>Cybèle</em>, symbolisant la nature sauvage, le 25 mars.\r\n\r\nPlus proche de nous, on note la célébration du <em>Mothering Sunday, </em>au XVème siècle, en Angleterre, toujours pendant la saison printanière, autour du Carême précédant la célébration des fêtes de Pâques. Enfin, c\'est vraiment sous l\'impulsion des États-Unis, en 1908, que la fête des mères revêtira son caractère actuel et s\'imposera définitivement comme une fête incontournable du calendrier grégorien, en Occident. Toutefois, signalons que le petit village français d\'Artas, en région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne, revendique la \"maternité\" de cette fête, faisant référence à une célébration qui eut lieu le 10 juin 1906. En effet, le fondateur de l\'Union fraternelle des pères de famille méritants d\'Artas, Prosper Roche, initia, ce jour-là, une cérémonie en l\'honneur des mères de famille nombreuses. Dix-neuf d\'entre elles reçurent, à cette occasion, un prix récompensant leur \"haut mérite maternel\". Le diplôme original est d\'ailleurs conservé dans la bibliothèque de l\'Institut de France, à Paris.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, la fête des mères a dépassé les frontières de l\'Occident et se célèbrent dans un grand nombre de pays, dont l\'Île Maurice! Au delà de l\'aspect commercial, ce jour est l\'occasion pour tous de rappeler combien nos mères nous sommes précieuses et combien nous les aimons...\r\n\r\nBonne fêtes des mères à toutes les mamans de Maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n\"Maman, je t\'aime\"! Des Mauriciens témoignent ...\r\n\r\n<em>\" La fête des mères est l\'une de mes fêtes préférées, car c\'est une occasion pour moi de remercier ma mère pour tout ce qu\'elle a fait et fait pour moi Et en cette occasion, On se retrouve habituellement chez ma mère, Ma marraine, ma grand-mère et moi. Cette année, On ira dans un bungalow avec toute la famille où je concocterai un bon petit plat pour le déjeuner afin de faire passer une journée spéciale à ces femmes spéciales...\" </em>Joanna,29 ans, Péreybère, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\"<em> Ma mère je l\'aime, elle est toujours là pour moi, elle m\'aide, me console quand j\'en ai besoin, même quand je fais des bêtises... Aujourd\'hui je lui montre qu\'elle est la plus importante et la plus belle pour moi, merci maman! Mo extra kontan twa!\" </em>Rudy, 11 ans, Vacoas, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>La fête des mères c\'est plus spécial que Noël parce que c\'est comme un jour privé pour les mamans. C\'est le seul moment où les mamans ont enfin un jour de détente et qu\'elles ont des cadeaux... C\'est vraiment un moment spécial pour moi\". </em>Mariya, 12 ans, Grand Baie, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>Je pense que tous les jours, les mamans du monde entier devraient être remerciées, aimées, valorisées et honorées. Pour ceux qui le font déjà, c\'est un exemple à suivre. Pour ceux qui ont plus de mal, c\'est important qu\'un jour ait été instauré pour leur rappeler et afin d\'accorder une attention particulière à la femme. Que ferions-nous sans notre maman? C\'est celle qui nous a porté pendant 9 mois, celle qui nous soutient dans les moments difficiles tout le long de notre vie. Pour ce rôle qui lui est attribué à vie, je remercie ma mère. Alors, tout le monde, à vos portefeuilles!!!\"</em> Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" Maman mo kontan twa, mo envi rest just avec twa tou mo la vie!\" Asha, 6 ans, Goodlands, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1793 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gâteau-fête-des-mères-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"376\" height=\"308\" />','Bonne fête maman!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1789-revision-v1','','','2018-05-26 19:44:52','2018-05-26 15:44:52','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1789-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1796,2,'2018-05-26 19:49:17','2018-05-26 15:49:17','Nous célébrons ce dimanche 27 mai la fête des mères, jour où chaque enfant remercie, de manière privilégiée, sa maman pour l\'amour, la protection et les soins qu\'elle lui a prodigué et lui prodigue depuis sa naissance. L\'occasion de faire un petit récapitulatif sur les origines de cette fête si spéciale.\r\n\r\nOn note, dès l\'Antiquité, une référence à des célébrations dédiées aux mères ou culte de la déesse Mère, chez les peuples grec et romain. Ainsi, <em>Rhéa</em>, mère de tous les dieux et, en particulier, celle du dieu des dieux, <em>Zeus</em>, est honorée chaque année, au retour du Printemps, saison du renouveau de la Nature et de la fertilité. Les Romains célèbrent les matrones lors des <em>Matronalia</em>, le 1er mars, mais aussi la déesse <em>Cybèle</em>, symbolisant la nature sauvage, le 25 mars.\r\n\r\nPlus proche de nous, on note la célébration du <em>Mothering Sunday, </em>au XVème siècle, en Angleterre, toujours pendant la saison printanière, autour du Carême précédant la célébration des fêtes de Pâques. Enfin, c\'est vraiment sous l\'impulsion des États-Unis, en 1908, que la fête des mères revêtira son caractère actuel et s\'imposera définitivement comme une fête incontournable du calendrier grégorien, en Occident. Toutefois, signalons que le petit village français d\'Artas, en région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne, revendique la \"maternité\" de cette fête, faisant référence à une célébration qui eut lieu le 10 juin 1906. En effet, le fondateur de l\'Union fraternelle des pères de famille méritants d\'Artas, Prosper Roche, initia, ce jour-là, une cérémonie en l\'honneur des mères de famille nombreuses. Dix-neuf d\'entre elles reçurent, à cette occasion, un prix récompensant leur \"haut mérite maternel\". Le diplôme original est d\'ailleurs conservé dans la bibliothèque de l\'Institut de France, à Paris.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, la fête des mères a dépassé les frontières de l\'Occident et se célèbrent dans un grand nombre de pays, dont l\'Île Maurice! Au delà de l\'aspect commercial, ce jour est l\'occasion pour tous de rappeler combien nos mères nous sont précieuses et combien nous les aimons...\r\n\r\nBonne fêtes des mères à toutes les mamans de Maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n\"Maman, je t\'aime\"! Des Mauriciens témoignent ...\r\n\r\n<em>\" La fête des mères est l\'une de mes fêtes préférées, car c\'est une occasion pour moi de remercier ma mère pour tout ce qu\'elle a fait et fait pour moi Et en cette occasion, On se retrouve habituellement chez ma mère, Ma marraine, ma grand-mère et moi. Cette année, On ira dans un bungalow avec toute la famille où je concocterai un bon petit plat pour le déjeuner afin de faire passer une journée spéciale à ces femmes spéciales...\" </em>Joanna,29 ans, Péreybère, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\"<em> Ma mère je l\'aime, elle est toujours là pour moi, elle m\'aide, me console quand j\'en ai besoin, même quand je fais des bêtises... Aujourd\'hui je lui montre qu\'elle est la plus importante et la plus belle pour moi, merci maman! Mo extra kontan twa!\" </em>Rudy, 11 ans, Vacoas, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>La fête des mères c\'est plus spécial que Noël parce que c\'est comme un jour privé pour les mamans. C\'est le seul moment où les mamans ont enfin un jour de détente et qu\'elles ont des cadeaux... C\'est vraiment un moment spécial pour moi\". </em>Mariya, 12 ans, Grand Baie, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>Je pense que tous les jours, les mamans du monde entier devraient être remerciées, aimées, valorisées et honorées. Pour ceux qui le font déjà, c\'est un exemple à suivre. Pour ceux qui ont plus de mal, c\'est important qu\'un jour ait été instauré pour leur rappeler et afin d\'accorder une attention particulière à la femme. Que ferions-nous sans notre maman? C\'est celle qui nous a porté pendant 9 mois, celle qui nous soutient dans les moments difficiles tout le long de notre vie. Pour ce rôle qui lui est attribué à vie, je remercie ma mère. Alors, tout le monde, à vos portefeuilles!!!\"</em> Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" Maman mo kontan twa, mo envi rest just avec twa tou mo la vie!\" Asha, 6 ans, Goodlands, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1793 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gâteau-fête-des-mères-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"376\" height=\"308\" />','Bonne fête maman!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1789-revision-v1','','','2018-05-26 19:49:17','2018-05-26 15:49:17','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1789-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1797,2,'2018-05-26 19:50:52','2018-05-26 15:50:52','Nous célébrons ce dimanche 27 mai la fête des mères, jour où chaque enfant remercie, de manière privilégiée, sa maman pour l\'amour, la protection et les soins qu\'elle lui a prodigué et lui prodigue depuis sa naissance. L\'occasion de faire un petit récapitulatif sur les origines de cette fête si spéciale.\r\n\r\nOn note, dès l\'Antiquité, une référence à des célébrations dédiées aux mères ou culte de la déesse Mère, chez les peuples grec et romain. Ainsi, <em>Rhéa</em>, mère de tous les dieux et, en particulier, celle du dieu des dieux, <em>Zeus</em>, est honorée chaque année, au retour du Printemps, saison du renouveau de la Nature et de la fertilité. Les Romains célèbrent les matrones lors des <em>Matronalia</em>, le 1er mars, mais aussi la déesse <em>Cybèle</em>, symbolisant la nature sauvage, le 25 mars.\r\n\r\nPlus proche de nous, on note la célébration du <em>Mothering Sunday, </em>au XVème siècle, en Angleterre, toujours pendant la saison printanière, autour du Carême précédant la célébration des fêtes de Pâques. Enfin, c\'est vraiment sous l\'impulsion des États-Unis, en 1908, que la fête des mères revêtira son caractère actuel et s\'imposera définitivement comme une fête incontournable du calendrier grégorien, en Occident. Toutefois, signalons que le petit village français d\'Artas, en région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne, revendique la \"maternité\" de cette fête, faisant référence à une célébration qui eut lieu le 10 juin 1906. En effet, le fondateur de l\'Union fraternelle des pères de famille méritants d\'Artas, Prosper Roche, initia, ce jour-là, une cérémonie en l\'honneur des mères de famille nombreuses. Dix-neuf d\'entre elles reçurent, à cette occasion, un prix récompensant leur \"haut mérite maternel\". Le diplôme original est d\'ailleurs conservé dans la bibliothèque de l\'Institut de France, à Paris.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, la fête des mères a dépassé les frontières de l\'Occident et se célèbrent dans un grand nombre de pays, dont l\'Île Maurice! Au delà de l\'aspect commercial, ce jour est l\'occasion pour tous de rappeler combien nos mères nous sont précieuses et combien nous les aimons...\r\n\r\nBonne fêtes des mères à toutes les mamans de Maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n\"Maman, je t\'aime\"! Des Mauriciens témoignent ...\r\n\r\n<em>\" La fête des mères est l\'une de mes fêtes préférées, car c\'est une occasion pour moi de remercier ma mère pour tout ce qu\'elle a fait et fait pour moi Et en cette occasion, On se retrouve habituellement chez ma mère, Ma marraine, ma grand-mère et moi. Cette année, On ira dans un bungalow avec toute la famille où je concocterai un bon petit plat pour le déjeuner afin de faire passer une journée spéciale à ces femmes spéciales...\" </em>Joanna,29 ans, Péreybère, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\"<em> Ma mère je l\'aime, elle est toujours là pour moi, elle m\'aide, me console quand j\'en ai besoin, même quand je fais des bêtises... Aujourd\'hui je lui montre qu\'elle est la plus importante et la plus belle pour moi, merci maman! Mo extra kontan twa!\" </em>Rudy, 11 ans, Vacoas, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>La fête des mères c\'est plus spécial que Noël parce que c\'est comme un jour privé pour les mamans. C\'est le seul moment où les mamans ont enfin un jour de détente et qu\'elles ont des cadeaux... C\'est vraiment un moment spécial pour moi\". </em>Mariya, 12 ans, Grand Baie, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>Je pense que, tous les jours, les mamans du monde entier devraient être remerciées, aimées, valorisées et honorées. Pour ceux qui le font déjà, c\'est un exemple à suivre. Pour ceux qui ont plus de mal, c\'est important qu\'un jour ait été instauré pour leur rappeler et afin d\'accorder une attention particulière à la femme. Que ferions-nous sans notre maman? C\'est celle qui nous a porté pendant 9 mois, celle qui nous soutient dans les moments difficiles tout le long de notre vie. Pour ce rôle qui lui est attribué à vie, je remercie ma mère. Alors, tout le monde, à vos portefeuilles!!!\"</em> Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" Maman mo kontan twa, mo envi rest just avec twa tou mo la vie!\" Asha, 6 ans, Goodlands, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1793 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gâteau-fête-des-mères-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"376\" height=\"308\" />','Bonne fête maman!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1789-revision-v1','','','2018-05-26 19:50:52','2018-05-26 15:50:52','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1789-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1798,2,'2018-05-27 10:18:53','2018-05-27 06:18:53','Nous célébrons ce dimanche 27 mai la fête des mères, jour où chaque enfant remercie, de manière privilégiée, sa maman pour l\'amour, la protection et les soins qu\'elle lui a prodigué et lui prodigue depuis sa naissance. L\'occasion de faire un petit récapitulatif sur les origines de cette fête si spéciale.\r\n\r\nOn note, dès l\'Antiquité, une référence à des célébrations dédiées aux mères ou culte de la déesse Mère, chez les peuples grec et romain. Ainsi, <em>Rhéa</em>, mère de tous les dieux et, en particulier, celle du dieu des dieux, <em>Zeus</em>, est honorée chaque année, au retour du Printemps, saison du renouveau de la Nature et de la fertilité. Les Romains célèbrent les matrones lors des <em>Matronalia</em>, le 1er mars, mais aussi la déesse <em>Cybèle</em>, symbolisant la nature sauvage, le 25 mars.\r\n\r\nPlus proche de nous, on note la célébration du <em>Mothering Sunday, </em>au XVème siècle, en Angleterre, toujours pendant la saison printanière, autour du Carême précédant la célébration des fêtes de Pâques. Enfin, c\'est vraiment sous l\'impulsion des États-Unis, en 1908, que la fête des mères revêtira son caractère actuel et s\'imposera définitivement comme une fête incontournable du calendrier grégorien, en Occident. Toutefois, signalons que le petit village français d\'Artas, en région Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne, revendique la \"maternité\" de cette fête, faisant référence à une célébration qui eut lieu le 10 juin 1906. En effet, le fondateur de l\'Union fraternelle des pères de famille méritants d\'Artas, Prosper Roche, initia, ce jour-là, une cérémonie en l\'honneur des mères de famille nombreuses. Dix-neuf d\'entre elles reçurent, à cette occasion, un prix récompensant leur \"haut mérite maternel\". Le diplôme original est d\'ailleurs conservé dans la bibliothèque de l\'Institut de France, à Paris.\r\n\r\nAujourd\'hui, la fête des mères a dépassé les frontières de l\'Occident et se célèbrent dans un grand nombre de pays, dont l\'Île Maurice! Au delà de l\'aspect commercial, ce jour est l\'occasion pour tous de rappeler combien nos mères nous sont précieuses et combien nous les aimons...\r\n\r\nBonne fêtes des mères à toutes les mamans de Maurice et du monde!\r\n\r\n\"Maman, je t\'aime\"! Des Mauriciens témoignent ...\r\n\r\n<em>\" La fête des mères est l\'une de mes fêtes préférées, car c\'est une occasion pour moi de remercier ma mère pour tout ce qu\'elle a fait et fait pour moi Et en cette occasion, On se retrouve habituellement chez ma mère, Ma marraine, ma grand-mère et moi. Cette année, On ira dans un bungalow avec toute la famille où je concocterai un bon petit plat pour le déjeuner afin de faire passer une journée spéciale à ces femmes spéciales...\" </em>Joanna,29 ans, Péreybère, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\"<em> Ma mère je l\'aime, elle est toujours là pour moi, elle m\'aide, me console quand j\'en ai besoin, même quand je fais des bêtises... Aujourd\'hui je lui montre qu\'elle est la plus importante et la plus belle pour moi, merci maman! Mo extra kontan twa!\" </em>Rudy, 11 ans, Vacoas, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>La fête des mères c\'est plus spécial que Noël parce que c\'est comme un jour privé pour les mamans. C\'est le seul moment où les mamans ont enfin un jour de détente et qu\'elles ont des cadeaux... C\'est vraiment un moment spécial pour moi\". </em>Mariya, 12 ans, Grand Baie, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\"<em>Un petit témoignage de ce qu\'est pour moi la fête des mères qui est une fête exceptionnelle dont j\'ai gardé un bon souvenir de quand on était très jeune avec mes sœurs et mon frère et quand c\'était la fête des mères : ma maman fumait à cette époque et à Maurice, comme on pouvait avoir les cigarettes par pièce, on achetait chacun une cigarette et on ramassait les fleurs chez les voisins pour l\'offrir, et on était content. Et après, une fois maman moi-même, c\'était un plaisir de passer cette fête avec mes enfants qui me gâtait avec leur cadeau confectionné avec amour à l\'école,par exemple, le collier fait en pâtes, c\'était les plus beaux des cadeaux! Et des fois, si on allait pas au resto, c\'était des repas avec des amies mamans et leurs enfants. Et on passait de très belles journées! Voilà pour dimanche je souhaite une belle fête à toutes les mamans ici et au paradis. ?</em>\" Bianca, Balaclava, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" <em>Je pense que, tous les jours, les mamans du monde entier devraient être remerciées, aimées, valorisées et honorées. Pour ceux qui le font déjà, c\'est un exemple à suivre. Pour ceux qui ont plus de mal, c\'est important qu\'un jour ait été instauré pour leur rappeler et afin d\'accorder une attention particulière à la femme. Que ferions-nous sans notre maman? C\'est celle qui nous a porté pendant 9 mois, celle qui nous soutient dans les moments difficiles tout le long de notre vie. Pour ce rôle qui lui est attribué à vie, je remercie ma mère. Alors, tout le monde, à vos portefeuilles!!!\"</em> Aliya, 32 ans, Grand Baie, Mai 2018.\r\n\r\n\" Maman mo kontan twa, mo envi rest just avec twa tou mo la vie!\" Asha, 6 ans, Goodlands, mai 2018.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1793 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Gâteau-fête-des-mères-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"376\" height=\"308\" />','Bonne fête maman!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1789-revision-v1','','','2018-05-27 10:18:53','2018-05-27 06:18:53','',1789,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1789-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1799,2,'2018-08-01 18:13:48','2018-08-01 14:13:48','Pénétrez dans un lieu unique à Maurice où vous sera révélée la beauté qui est en vous...\r\n\r\nC\'est ce que vous propose la maquilleuse Dominique Raya pour qui la beauté de chaque femme est unique et précieuse. Véritable artiste de la beauté, Dominique a été formée à Paris dans la prestigieuse SLA MAKE UP Academy. Mauricienne originaire de <em>Mon Songe, </em>Dominique décide de rentrer dans son île natale - après plusieurs années passées en France - afin de mettre son talent et ses connaissances au service de ses compatriotes. Passionnée et soucieuse du bien être et de la santé de chaque femme, elle réfléchit à l\'élaboration de produits cosmétiques à la fois performants, légers et de haute tenue.\r\n\r\nC\'est ainsi que sa propre marque de produits cosmétiques, mis au point en collaboration avec une équipe d\'experts parisiens, voit le jour en 2016. Fondatrice de la marque <em><strong>Raya Cosmétiques</strong></em>, Dominique aspire à ce que ses produits soient plus que de simples produits de maquillage et qu\'ils deviennent réellement des révélateurs de la beauté de chaque femme, tout en respectant l\'équilibre naturel et le type de carnation de chaque peau. Ainsi, le produit phare de sa marque - qui est sans aucun doute le plus difficile à élaborer mais dont la qualité est incomparable - est le <strong>fond de teint <em>Raya</em></strong>, dont le large éventail de couleurs permet à chacune de trouver son bonheur, notamment aux mauriciennes qui, du fait de la pluralité de leurs origines ethniques, éprouvent souvent des difficultés à trouver <strong>Le</strong> fond de teint qui leur convient. Avec le fond de teint <em>Raya</em>, vous n\'y verrez que du feu! Le rendu est bluffant de naturel!\r\n\r\n<img class=\" wp-image-1801 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-165-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"335\" height=\"189\" />\r\n\r\nSon institut, aujourd\'hui situé à Beau Bassin, vous ouvre ses portes du lundi au samedi, dans un cadre chaleureux, où vous attend une équipe de professionnels dynamiques à votre écoute et où vous pourrez également découvrir tous les produits de la marque : fonds de teint, rouges à lèvres, palettes de fards à paupières aux couleurs chatoyantes, mascaras, vernis à ongles et bien d\'autres petites merveilles!\r\n\r\n<strong>Petit bonus exclusif</strong> : Dominique, en excellente pédagogue, vous propose des forfaits de formation afin que le plus naturel ou sophistiqué des maquillages n\'est bientôt plus de secret de pour vous! Je l\'ai testé, plaisir garanti!\r\n\r\nAlors, n\'attendez plus et poussez vite les portes de ce petit <em>make up </em>paradis!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1802\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-167-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1804\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-132-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nFB : https://www.facebook.com/inforayacosmetiques\r\n<div class=\"_5aj7 _3-8j _20ud\">\r\n<div class=\"_4bl9\">\r\n<div><strong><span class=\"_2iem\">Adresse institut :</span></strong></div>\r\n<div><span class=\"_2iem\">Route Royale</span></div>\r\n<div><span class=\"_2iem\">Beau Bassin, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius</span></div>\r\n<div><img class=\"_1579 img\" src=\"https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/v3/y7/r/IQ6t9wiqqmw.png\" alt=\"\" /> : 455 1052</div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div><strong>Jours et horaires d\'ouverture :</strong></div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>du lundi au samedi, de 10 à 17h30.</div>\r\n ','Raya Cosmétiques, un univers où beauté rime avec féminité...','','publish','open','open','','raya-cosmetiques-un-univers-ou-beaute-rime-avec-feminite','','','2018-08-01 19:22:04','2018-08-01 15:22:04','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1799',0,'post','',0),(1800,2,'2018-08-01 18:03:51','2018-08-01 14:03:51','','Salon Raya Cosmétiques','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-164','','','2018-08-01 18:04:37','2018-08-01 14:04:37','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-164.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1801,2,'2018-08-01 18:05:49','2018-08-01 14:05:49','','Hiver2018 165','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-165','','','2018-08-01 18:05:49','2018-08-01 14:05:49','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-165.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1802,2,'2018-08-01 18:06:11','2018-08-01 14:06:11','','Salon Raya vernis','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-167','','','2018-08-01 18:07:12','2018-08-01 14:07:12','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-167.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1803,2,'2018-08-01 18:06:36','2018-08-01 14:06:36','','Salon Raya Couverture','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-169','','','2018-08-01 18:07:29','2018-08-01 14:07:29','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-169.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1804,2,'2018-08-01 18:06:58','2018-08-01 14:06:58','','Formation salon Raya','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-132','','','2018-08-01 18:07:48','2018-08-01 14:07:48','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-132.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1805,2,'2018-08-01 18:13:48','2018-08-01 14:13:48','Pénétrez dans un univers dédié à la beauté et le naturel, où chaque femme peut redécouvrir son vrai visage...\r\n\r\nC\'est ce que vous propose la maquilleuse Dominique Raya. Véritable artiste de la beauté, Dominique a été formée à Paris dans la prestigieuse SLA MAKE UP Academy. Mauricienne originaire de <em>Mon Songe, </em>Dominique décide de rentrer dans son île natale - après plusieurs années passées en France - afin de mettre son talent au service de ses compatriotes. Passionnée et soucieuse du bien être et de la santé de chaque femme, elle réfléchit à la l\'élaboration de produits cosmétiques à la fois performants, légers et de haute tenue.\r\n\r\nC\'est ainsi que sa propre marque de cosmétiques, mis au point en collaboration avec une équipe d\'experts parisiens, voit le jour en 2016. Fondatrice de la marque, Dominique aspire à ce que ses produits soient plus que de simples produits de maquillage et qu\'ils deviennent réellement des révélateurs de la beauté de chaque femme, tout en respectant l\'équilibre naturel et le type de carnation de chaque peau. Ainsi, le produit phare de sa marque - qui est sans aucun doute le plus difficile à élaborer mais dont la qualité est incomparable - est le <strong>fond de teint <em>Raya</em></strong>, dont le large éventail de couleurs permet à chacune de trouver son bonheur, notamment aux mauriciennes qui, du fait de la pluralité de leurs oigines ethniques, éprouvent souvent des difficultés à trouver <strong>Le</strong> fond de teint qui leur convient. Avec le fond de teint <em>Raya</em>, vous n\'y verrez que du feu! Le rendu est bluffant de naturel!\r\n\r\n<img class=\" wp-image-1801 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-165-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"335\" height=\"189\" />\r\n\r\nSon salon, aujourd\'hui situé à Beau Bassin, vous ouvre ses portes du lundi au samedi, dans un cadre chaleureux, où vous attend une équipe de professionnels dynamiques à votre écoute et où vous pourrez également découvrir tous les produits de la marque : fonds de teint, rouge à lèvres, palettes de fards à paupières, mascaras, vernis à ongles et bien d\'autres petites merveilles!\r\n\r\n<strong>Petit bonus exclusif</strong> : Dominique, en excellente pédagogue, vous propose des forfaits de formation afin que le plus naturel ou sophistiqué des maquillages n\'est bientôt plus de secret de pour vous! Je l\'ai testé, plaisir garanti!\r\n\r\nAlors, n\'attendez plus et poussez vite les portes de ce petit <em>make up </em>paradis!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1802\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-167-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1804\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-132-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n ','Raya Cosmétiques, un univers où beauté rime avec féminité...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1799-revision-v1','','','2018-08-01 18:13:48','2018-08-01 14:13:48','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1799-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1806,2,'2018-08-01 19:21:44','2018-08-01 15:21:44','Pénétrez dans un lieu unique à Maurice où vous sera révélée la beauté qui est en vous...\n\nC\'est ce que vous propose la maquilleuse Dominique Raya pour qui la beauté de chaque femme est unique et précieuse. Véritable artiste de la beauté, Dominique a été formée à Paris dans la prestigieuse SLA MAKE UP Academy. Mauricienne originaire de <em>Mon Songe, </em>Dominique décide de rentrer dans son île natale - après plusieurs années passées en France - afin de mettre son talent et ses connaissances au service de ses compatriotes. Passionnée et soucieuse du bien être et de la santé de chaque femme, elle réfléchit à l\'élaboration de produits cosmétiques à la fois performants, légers et de haute tenue.\n\nC\'est ainsi que sa propre marque de produits cosmétiques, mis au point en collaboration avec une équipe d\'experts parisiens, voit le jour en 2016. Fondatrice de la marque <em><strong>Raya Cosmétiques</strong></em>, Dominique aspire à ce que ses produits soient plus que de simples produits de maquillage et qu\'ils deviennent réellement des révélateurs de la beauté de chaque femme, tout en respectant l\'équilibre naturel et le type de carnation de chaque peau. Ainsi, le produit phare de sa marque - qui est sans aucun doute le plus difficile à élaborer mais dont la qualité est incomparable - est le <strong>fond de teint <em>Raya</em></strong>, dont le large éventail de couleurs permet à chacune de trouver son bonheur, notamment aux mauriciennes qui, du fait de la pluralité de leurs origines ethniques, éprouvent souvent des difficultés à trouver <strong>Le</strong> fond de teint qui leur convient. Avec le fond de teint <em>Raya</em>, vous n\'y verrez que du feu! Le rendu est bluffant de naturel!\n\n<img class=\" wp-image-1801 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-165-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"335\" height=\"189\" />\n\nSon instit, aujourd\'hui situé à Beau Bassin, vous ouvre ses portes du lundi au samedi, dans un cadre chaleureux, où vous attend une équipe de professionnels dynamiques à votre écoute et où vous pourrez également découvrir tous les produits de la marque : fonds de teint, rouges à lèvres, palettes de fards à paupières aux couleurs chatoyantes, mascaras, vernis à ongles et bien d\'autres petites merveilles!\n\n<strong>Petit bonus exclusif</strong> : Dominique, en excellente pédagogue, vous propose des forfaits de formation afin que le plus naturel ou sophistiqué des maquillages n\'est bientôt plus de secret de pour vous! Je l\'ai testé, plaisir garanti!\n\nAlors, n\'attendez plus et poussez vite les portes de ce petit <em>make up </em>paradis!\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1802\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-167-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1804\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-132-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\n\nFB : https://www.facebook.com/inforayacosmetiques\n<div class=\"_5aj7 _3-8j _20ud\">\n<div class=\"_4bl9\">\n<div><strong><span class=\"_2iem\">Adresse salon :</span></strong></div>\n<div><span class=\"_2iem\">Route Royale</span></div>\n<div><span class=\"_2iem\">Beau Bassin, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius</span></div>\n<div><img class=\"_1579 img\" src=\"https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/v3/y7/r/IQ6t9wiqqmw.png\" alt=\"\" /> : 455 1052</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div></div>\n<div><strong>Jours et horaires d\'ouverture :</strong></div>\n<div></div>\n<div>du lundi au samedi, de 10 à 17h30.</div>\n ','Raya Cosmétiques, un univers où beauté rime avec féminité...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1799-autosave-v1','','','2018-08-01 19:21:44','2018-08-01 15:21:44','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1799-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1807,2,'2018-08-01 18:39:22','2018-08-01 14:39:22','Pénétrez dans un lieu unique à Maurice où vous sera révélée la beauté qui est en vous...\r\n\r\nC\'est ce que vous propose la maquilleuse Dominique Raya pour qui la beauté de chaque femme est unique et précieuse. Véritable artiste de la beauté, Dominique a été formée à Paris dans la prestigieuse SLA MAKE UP Academy. Mauricienne originaire de <em>Mon Songe, </em>Dominique décide de rentrer dans son île natale - après plusieurs années passées en France - afin de mettre son talent et ses connaissances au service de ses compatriotes. Passionnée et soucieuse du bien être et de la santé de chaque femme, elle réfléchit à l\'élaboration de produits cosmétiques à la fois performants, légers et de haute tenue.\r\n\r\nC\'est ainsi que sa propre marque de produits cosmétiques, mis au point en collaboration avec une équipe d\'experts parisiens, voit le jour en 2016. Fondatrice de la marque <em><strong>Raya Cosmétiques</strong></em>, Dominique aspire à ce que ses produits soient plus que de simples produits de maquillage et qu\'ils deviennent réellement des révélateurs de la beauté de chaque femme, tout en respectant l\'équilibre naturel et le type de carnation de chaque peau. Ainsi, le produit phare de sa marque - qui est sans aucun doute le plus difficile à élaborer mais dont la qualité est incomparable - est le <strong>fond de teint <em>Raya</em></strong>, dont le large éventail de couleurs permet à chacune de trouver son bonheur, notamment aux mauriciennes qui, du fait de la pluralité de leurs origines ethniques, éprouvent souvent des difficultés à trouver <strong>Le</strong> fond de teint qui leur convient. Avec le fond de teint <em>Raya</em>, vous n\'y verrez que du feu! Le rendu est bluffant de naturel!\r\n\r\n<img class=\" wp-image-1801 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-165-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"335\" height=\"189\" />\r\n\r\nSon salon, aujourd\'hui situé à Beau Bassin, vous ouvre ses portes du lundi au samedi, dans un cadre chaleureux, où vous attend une équipe de professionnels dynamiques à votre écoute et où vous pourrez également découvrir tous les produits de la marque : fonds de teint, rouges à lèvres, palettes de fards à paupières aux couleurs chatoyantes, mascaras, vernis à ongles et bien d\'autres petites merveilles!\r\n\r\n<strong>Petit bonus exclusif</strong> : Dominique, en excellente pédagogue, vous propose des forfaits de formation afin que le plus naturel ou sophistiqué des maquillages n\'est bientôt plus de secret de pour vous! Je l\'ai testé, plaisir garanti!\r\n\r\nAlors, n\'attendez plus et poussez vite les portes de ce petit <em>make up </em>paradis!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1802\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-167-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1804\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-132-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nFB : https://www.facebook.com/inforayacosmetiques\r\n<div class=\"_5aj7 _3-8j _20ud\">\r\n<div class=\"_4bl9\">\r\n<div><strong><span class=\"_2iem\">Adresse salon :</span></strong></div>\r\n<div><span class=\"_2iem\">Route Royale</span></div>\r\n<div><span class=\"_2iem\">Beau Bassin, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius</span></div>\r\n<div><img class=\"_1579 img\" src=\"https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/v3/y7/r/IQ6t9wiqqmw.png\" alt=\"\" /> : 455 1052</div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div><strong>Jours et horaires d\'ouverture :</strong></div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>du lundi au samedi, de 10 à 17h30.</div>\r\n ','Raya Cosmétiques, un univers où beauté rime avec féminité...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1799-revision-v1','','','2018-08-01 18:39:22','2018-08-01 14:39:22','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1799-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1808,2,'2018-08-01 19:22:04','2018-08-01 15:22:04','Pénétrez dans un lieu unique à Maurice où vous sera révélée la beauté qui est en vous...\r\n\r\nC\'est ce que vous propose la maquilleuse Dominique Raya pour qui la beauté de chaque femme est unique et précieuse. Véritable artiste de la beauté, Dominique a été formée à Paris dans la prestigieuse SLA MAKE UP Academy. Mauricienne originaire de <em>Mon Songe, </em>Dominique décide de rentrer dans son île natale - après plusieurs années passées en France - afin de mettre son talent et ses connaissances au service de ses compatriotes. Passionnée et soucieuse du bien être et de la santé de chaque femme, elle réfléchit à l\'élaboration de produits cosmétiques à la fois performants, légers et de haute tenue.\r\n\r\nC\'est ainsi que sa propre marque de produits cosmétiques, mis au point en collaboration avec une équipe d\'experts parisiens, voit le jour en 2016. Fondatrice de la marque <em><strong>Raya Cosmétiques</strong></em>, Dominique aspire à ce que ses produits soient plus que de simples produits de maquillage et qu\'ils deviennent réellement des révélateurs de la beauté de chaque femme, tout en respectant l\'équilibre naturel et le type de carnation de chaque peau. Ainsi, le produit phare de sa marque - qui est sans aucun doute le plus difficile à élaborer mais dont la qualité est incomparable - est le <strong>fond de teint <em>Raya</em></strong>, dont le large éventail de couleurs permet à chacune de trouver son bonheur, notamment aux mauriciennes qui, du fait de la pluralité de leurs origines ethniques, éprouvent souvent des difficultés à trouver <strong>Le</strong> fond de teint qui leur convient. Avec le fond de teint <em>Raya</em>, vous n\'y verrez que du feu! Le rendu est bluffant de naturel!\r\n\r\n<img class=\" wp-image-1801 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-165-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"335\" height=\"189\" />\r\n\r\nSon institut, aujourd\'hui situé à Beau Bassin, vous ouvre ses portes du lundi au samedi, dans un cadre chaleureux, où vous attend une équipe de professionnels dynamiques à votre écoute et où vous pourrez également découvrir tous les produits de la marque : fonds de teint, rouges à lèvres, palettes de fards à paupières aux couleurs chatoyantes, mascaras, vernis à ongles et bien d\'autres petites merveilles!\r\n\r\n<strong>Petit bonus exclusif</strong> : Dominique, en excellente pédagogue, vous propose des forfaits de formation afin que le plus naturel ou sophistiqué des maquillages n\'est bientôt plus de secret de pour vous! Je l\'ai testé, plaisir garanti!\r\n\r\nAlors, n\'attendez plus et poussez vite les portes de ce petit <em>make up </em>paradis!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1802\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-167-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1804\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-132-169x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nFB : https://www.facebook.com/inforayacosmetiques\r\n<div class=\"_5aj7 _3-8j _20ud\">\r\n<div class=\"_4bl9\">\r\n<div><strong><span class=\"_2iem\">Adresse institut :</span></strong></div>\r\n<div><span class=\"_2iem\">Route Royale</span></div>\r\n<div><span class=\"_2iem\">Beau Bassin, Plaines Wilhems, Mauritius</span></div>\r\n<div><img class=\"_1579 img\" src=\"https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/v3/y7/r/IQ6t9wiqqmw.png\" alt=\"\" /> : 455 1052</div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div><strong>Jours et horaires d\'ouverture :</strong></div>\r\n<div></div>\r\n<div>du lundi au samedi, de 10 à 17h30.</div>\r\n ','Raya Cosmétiques, un univers où beauté rime avec féminité...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1799-revision-v1','','','2018-08-01 19:22:04','2018-08-01 15:22:04','',1799,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1799-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1809,2,'2018-08-08 18:38:49','2018-08-08 14:38:49','Connaissez-vous ces magnifiques oeuvres d\'art que sont les <strong>Kolams</strong>?\r\n\r\nArt traditionnel originaire de l\'Inde, particulièrement dans les États du Tamil Nadu ou de l\'Andra Pradesh, les<em><strong> Kolams</strong> </em>font également partis, aujourd\'hui, du \"folklore iconographique\" mauricien grâce à la transmission d\'un savoir-faire des descendants mauriciens d\'origine indienne et de foi hindoue, plus précisément des descandantes.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Un savoir-faire résolument féminin</em></strong>\r\n\r\nEn effet, les <em><strong>kolams</strong> </em>sont exclusivement réalisés par les femmes qui se transmettent ce savoir de mère en fille. Le <em><strong>Kolam</strong> </em>- qui signifie littéralement \"manifestation\" - a pour base un dessin tracé sur un sol humidifié avec de la farine de riz. Cette base sera ensuite ornée de poudre et/ou de riz coloré représentant des motifs géométriques, des fleurs, des animaux ou autres, selon l\'inspiation de sa réalisatrice. Celle-ci commence généralement le motif par son centre et s\'en éloigne progressivement, avec dextérité et fluidité, le pouce et l\'index étant les doigts les plus sollicités. Les couleurs chatoyantes et variées rendent le motif attrayant et remarquable.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Symboliques et significations du Kolam</em></strong>\r\n\r\nArt éphémère par excellence, le <strong><em>Kolam </em></strong>n\'a pas pour dessein de perdurer. Il est, au contraire, symbole de l\'éphémérité de la vie, de l\'instant, de l\'art et de la beauté. Équivalent à une prière, le <em><strong>Kolam</strong></em> a pour but d\'apporter la bénédiction au foyer - au seuil duquel il est tracé - à un temple ou à tout autre lieu. Ayant la faculté de chasser les \"mauvais esprits\" les <strong><em>Kolams</em> </strong>protègent, sanctifient et invitent les divinités bienveillantes, essentiellement la déesse <em>Lakshmi </em>(déesse de la prospérité et de la fortune, épouse de Vishnou), afin qu\'elles apportent de multiples bienfaits à tous. Les adultes veilleront particulièrement à contourner les <em><strong>Kolams</strong> </em>la journée durant. Cependant, il est de bon augure que ceux-ci soient foulés par les jeunes enfants et les animaux, renforçant ainsi la charge bénéfique du motif.\r\n\r\nBalayés par le vent, la pluie et le pas des passants, les <strong><em>Kolams</em></strong> nous offrent, le temps d\'une journée , splendeur et délicatesse d\'un art dans lequel se condense toute la force et la spiritualité de l\'Inde éternelle, à travers l\'âme des femmes qui en demeurent ainsi les gardiennes...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1811\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-523-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1813\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-536-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1814\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-534-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1817\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-531-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nTracés par des jeunes filles tamoules. <em>La Croisette</em>, Grand Baie, jullet 2018. A l\'occasion des 10 ans du groupe <em>Ornex Entertainment.</em>','Les kolams, un art éphémère éternel...','','publish','open','open','','les-kolams-un-art-ephemere-eternel','','','2018-08-08 20:52:37','2018-08-08 16:52:37','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1809',0,'post','',0),(1810,2,'2018-08-08 18:29:55','2018-08-08 14:29:55','','Kolam télougou','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-023','','','2018-08-08 18:30:16','2018-08-08 14:30:16','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-023.jpeg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1811,2,'2018-08-08 18:30:58','2018-08-08 14:30:58','','Hiver2018 523','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-523','','','2018-08-08 18:30:58','2018-08-08 14:30:58','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-523.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1812,2,'2018-08-08 18:31:36','2018-08-08 14:31:36','','Hiver2018 530','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-530','','','2018-08-08 18:31:36','2018-08-08 14:31:36','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-530.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1813,2,'2018-08-08 18:32:01','2018-08-08 14:32:01','','Hiver2018 536','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-536','','','2018-08-08 18:32:01','2018-08-08 14:32:01','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-536.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1814,2,'2018-08-08 18:32:14','2018-08-08 14:32:14','','Hiver2018 534','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-534','','','2018-08-08 18:32:14','2018-08-08 14:32:14','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-534.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1815,2,'2018-08-08 18:32:35','2018-08-08 14:32:35','','Hiver2018 535','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-535','','','2018-08-08 18:32:35','2018-08-08 14:32:35','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-535.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1816,2,'2018-08-08 18:34:50','2018-08-08 14:34:50','','kolam 1','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-530-2','','','2018-08-08 18:35:03','2018-08-08 14:35:03','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-530-1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1817,2,'2018-08-08 18:35:39','2018-08-08 14:35:39','','Hiver2018 531','','inherit','open','closed','','hiver2018-531','','','2018-08-08 18:35:39','2018-08-08 14:35:39','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-531.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1818,2,'2018-08-08 18:38:49','2018-08-08 14:38:49','Connaissez-vous ces magnifiques oeuvres d\'art que sont les <strong>Kolams</strong>?\r\n\r\nArt traditionnel originaire de l\'Inde, particulièrement dans les États du Tamil Nadu ou de l\'Andra Pradesh, les<em><strong> Kolams</strong> </em>font également partis, aujourd\'hui, du \"folklore iconographique\"mauricien grâce à la transmission d\'un savoir-faire des descendants mauriciens d\'origine indienne et de foi hindoue, plus précisément des descandantes.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Un savoir-faire résolument féminin</em></strong>\r\n\r\nEn effet, les <em><strong>kolams</strong> sont </em>exclusivement réalisés par les femmes qui se transmettent ce savoir de mère en fille. Le <em><strong>Kolam</strong> </em>- qui signifie littéralement \"manifestation\" - a pour base un dessin tracé sur un sol humidifié avec de la farine de riz. cette base sera ensuite ornée de poudre et/ou de riz coloré représentant des motifs géométriques, des fleurs, des animaux ou autres, selon l\'inspiation de sa réalisatrice. Celle-ci commence généralement le motif par son centre et s\'en éloigne progressivement, avec dextérité et fluidité, le pouce et l\'index étant les doigts les plus sollicités. Les couleurs chatoyantes et variées rendent le motif attrayant et remarquable.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Symboliques et significations du Kolam</em></strong>\r\n\r\nArt éphémère par excellence, le <strong><em>Kolam </em></strong>n\'a pas pour dessein de perdurer. Il est, au contraire, symbole de l\'éphémérité de la vie, de l\'instant, de l\'art et de la beauté. Équivalent à une prière, le <em><strong>Kolam</strong></em> a pour but d\'apporter la bénédiction au foyer, au seuil duquel il est tracé, à un temple ou à tout autre lieu. Ayant la faculté de chasser les \"mauvais esprits\" les <strong><em>Kolams</em> </strong>protègent, sanctifient et invitent les divinités bienveillantes, essentiellement la déesse <em>Lakshmi </em>(déesse de la prospérité et de la fortune, épouse de Vishnou), afin qu\'elles apportent de multiples bienfaits à tous. Les adultes veilleront particulièrement à contourner les <em><strong>Kolams</strong> </em>la journée durant. Cependant, il est de bon augure que ceux-ci soient foulés par les jeunes enfants et les animaux, renforçant ainsi la charge bénéfique du motif.\r\n\r\nBalayés par le vent, la pluie et le pas des passants, les <strong><em>Kolams</em></strong> nous offrent, le temps d\'une journée , splendeur et délicatesse d\'un art dans lequel se condense toute la force et la spiritualité de l\'Inde éternelle, à travers l\'âme des femmes qui en demeurent ainsi les gardiennes...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1811\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-523-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1813\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-536-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1814\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-534-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1817\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-531-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nTracés par des jeunes filles tamoules. <em>La Croisette</em>, Grand Baie, jullet 2018. A l\'occasion des 10 ans du groupe <em>Ornex Entertainment.</em>','Les kolams, un art éphémère éternel...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1809-revision-v1','','','2018-08-08 18:38:49','2018-08-08 14:38:49','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1809-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1819,2,'2018-08-08 18:42:27','2018-08-08 14:42:27','Connaissez-vous ces magnifiques oeuvres d\'art que sont les <strong>Kolams</strong>?\r\n\r\nArt traditionnel originaire de l\'Inde, particulièrement dans les États du Tamil Nadu ou de l\'Andra Pradesh, les<em><strong> Kolams</strong> </em>font également partis, aujourd\'hui, du \"folklore iconographique\" mauricien grâce à la transmission d\'un savoir-faire des descendants mauriciens d\'origine indienne et de foi hindoue, plus précisément des descandantes.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Un savoir-faire résolument féminin</em></strong>\r\n\r\nEn effet, les <em><strong>kolams</strong> sont </em>exclusivement réalisés par les femmes qui se transmettent ce savoir de mère en fille. Le <em><strong>Kolam</strong> </em>- qui signifie littéralement \"manifestation\" - a pour base un dessin tracé sur un sol humidifié avec de la farine de riz. cette base sera ensuite ornée de poudre et/ou de riz coloré représentant des motifs géométriques, des fleurs, des animaux ou autres, selon l\'inspiation de sa réalisatrice. Celle-ci commence généralement le motif par son centre et s\'en éloigne progressivement, avec dextérité et fluidité, le pouce et l\'index étant les doigts les plus sollicités. Les couleurs chatoyantes et variées rendent le motif attrayant et remarquable.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Symboliques et significations du Kolam</em></strong>\r\n\r\nArt éphémère par excellence, le <strong><em>Kolam </em></strong>n\'a pas pour dessein de perdurer. Il est, au contraire, symbole de l\'éphémérité de la vie, de l\'instant, de l\'art et de la beauté. Équivalent à une prière, le <em><strong>Kolam</strong></em> a pour but d\'apporter la bénédiction au foyer, au seuil duquel il est tracé, à un temple ou à tout autre lieu. Ayant la faculté de chasser les \"mauvais esprits\" les <strong><em>Kolams</em> </strong>protègent, sanctifient et invitent les divinités bienveillantes, essentiellement la déesse <em>Lakshmi </em>(déesse de la prospérité et de la fortune, épouse de Vishnou), afin qu\'elles apportent de multiples bienfaits à tous. Les adultes veilleront particulièrement à contourner les <em><strong>Kolams</strong> </em>la journée durant. Cependant, il est de bon augure que ceux-ci soient foulés par les jeunes enfants et les animaux, renforçant ainsi la charge bénéfique du motif.\r\n\r\nBalayés par le vent, la pluie et le pas des passants, les <strong><em>Kolams</em></strong> nous offrent, le temps d\'une journée , splendeur et délicatesse d\'un art dans lequel se condense toute la force et la spiritualité de l\'Inde éternelle, à travers l\'âme des femmes qui en demeurent ainsi les gardiennes...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1811\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-523-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1813\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-536-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1814\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-534-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1817\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-531-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nTracés par des jeunes filles tamoules. <em>La Croisette</em>, Grand Baie, jullet 2018. A l\'occasion des 10 ans du groupe <em>Ornex Entertainment.</em>','Les kolams, un art éphémère éternel...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1809-revision-v1','','','2018-08-08 18:42:27','2018-08-08 14:42:27','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1809-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1820,2,'2018-08-08 18:43:42','2018-08-08 14:43:42','Connaissez-vous ces magnifiques oeuvres d\'art que sont les <strong>Kolams</strong>?\r\n\r\nArt traditionnel originaire de l\'Inde, particulièrement dans les États du Tamil Nadu ou de l\'Andra Pradesh, les<em><strong> Kolams</strong> </em>font également partis, aujourd\'hui, du \"folklore iconographique\" mauricien grâce à la transmission d\'un savoir-faire des descendants mauriciens d\'origine indienne et de foi hindoue, plus précisément des descandantes.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Un savoir-faire résolument féminin</em></strong>\r\n\r\nEn effet, les <em><strong>kolams</strong> sont </em>exclusivement réalisés par les femmes qui se transmettent ce savoir de mère en fille. Le <em><strong>Kolam</strong> </em>- qui signifie littéralement \"manifestation\" - a pour base un dessin tracé sur un sol humidifié avec de la farine de riz. Cette base sera ensuite ornée de poudre et/ou de riz coloré représentant des motifs géométriques, des fleurs, des animaux ou autres, selon l\'inspiation de sa réalisatrice. Celle-ci commence généralement le motif par son centre et s\'en éloigne progressivement, avec dextérité et fluidité, le pouce et l\'index étant les doigts les plus sollicités. Les couleurs chatoyantes et variées rendent le motif attrayant et remarquable.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Symboliques et significations du Kolam</em></strong>\r\n\r\nArt éphémère par excellence, le <strong><em>Kolam </em></strong>n\'a pas pour dessein de perdurer. Il est, au contraire, symbole de l\'éphémérité de la vie, de l\'instant, de l\'art et de la beauté. Équivalent à une prière, le <em><strong>Kolam</strong></em> a pour but d\'apporter la bénédiction au foyer, au seuil duquel il est tracé, à un temple ou à tout autre lieu. Ayant la faculté de chasser les \"mauvais esprits\" les <strong><em>Kolams</em> </strong>protègent, sanctifient et invitent les divinités bienveillantes, essentiellement la déesse <em>Lakshmi </em>(déesse de la prospérité et de la fortune, épouse de Vishnou), afin qu\'elles apportent de multiples bienfaits à tous. Les adultes veilleront particulièrement à contourner les <em><strong>Kolams</strong> </em>la journée durant. Cependant, il est de bon augure que ceux-ci soient foulés par les jeunes enfants et les animaux, renforçant ainsi la charge bénéfique du motif.\r\n\r\nBalayés par le vent, la pluie et le pas des passants, les <strong><em>Kolams</em></strong> nous offrent, le temps d\'une journée , splendeur et délicatesse d\'un art dans lequel se condense toute la force et la spiritualité de l\'Inde éternelle, à travers l\'âme des femmes qui en demeurent ainsi les gardiennes...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1811\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-523-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1813\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-536-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1814\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-534-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1817\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-531-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nTracés par des jeunes filles tamoules. <em>La Croisette</em>, Grand Baie, jullet 2018. A l\'occasion des 10 ans du groupe <em>Ornex Entertainment.</em>','Les kolams, un art éphémère éternel...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1809-revision-v1','','','2018-08-08 18:43:42','2018-08-08 14:43:42','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1809-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1821,2,'2018-08-08 18:45:59','2018-08-08 14:45:59','Connaissez-vous ces magnifiques oeuvres d\'art que sont les <strong>Kolams</strong>?\r\n\r\nArt traditionnel originaire de l\'Inde, particulièrement dans les États du Tamil Nadu ou de l\'Andra Pradesh, les<em><strong> Kolams</strong> </em>font également partis, aujourd\'hui, du \"folklore iconographique\" mauricien grâce à la transmission d\'un savoir-faire des descendants mauriciens d\'origine indienne et de foi hindoue, plus précisément des descandantes.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Un savoir-faire résolument féminin</em></strong>\r\n\r\nEn effet, les <em><strong>kolams</strong> sont </em>exclusivement réalisés par les femmes qui se transmettent ce savoir de mère en fille. Le <em><strong>Kolam</strong> </em>- qui signifie littéralement \"manifestation\" - a pour base un dessin tracé sur un sol humidifié avec de la farine de riz. Cette base sera ensuite ornée de poudre et/ou de riz coloré représentant des motifs géométriques, des fleurs, des animaux ou autres, selon l\'inspiation de sa réalisatrice. Celle-ci commence généralement le motif par son centre et s\'en éloigne progressivement, avec dextérité et fluidité, le pouce et l\'index étant les doigts les plus sollicités. Les couleurs chatoyantes et variées rendent le motif attrayant et remarquable.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Symboliques et significations du Kolam</em></strong>\r\n\r\nArt éphémère par excellence, le <strong><em>Kolam </em></strong>n\'a pas pour dessein de perdurer. Il est, au contraire, symbole de l\'éphémérité de la vie, de l\'instant, de l\'art et de la beauté. Équivalent à une prière, le <em><strong>Kolam</strong></em> a pour but d\'apporter la bénédiction au foyer - au seuil duquel il est tracé - à un temple ou à tout autre lieu. Ayant la faculté de chasser les \"mauvais esprits\" les <strong><em>Kolams</em> </strong>protègent, sanctifient et invitent les divinités bienveillantes, essentiellement la déesse <em>Lakshmi </em>(déesse de la prospérité et de la fortune, épouse de Vishnou), afin qu\'elles apportent de multiples bienfaits à tous. Les adultes veilleront particulièrement à contourner les <em><strong>Kolams</strong> </em>la journée durant. Cependant, il est de bon augure que ceux-ci soient foulés par les jeunes enfants et les animaux, renforçant ainsi la charge bénéfique du motif.\r\n\r\nBalayés par le vent, la pluie et le pas des passants, les <strong><em>Kolams</em></strong> nous offrent, le temps d\'une journée , splendeur et délicatesse d\'un art dans lequel se condense toute la force et la spiritualité de l\'Inde éternelle, à travers l\'âme des femmes qui en demeurent ainsi les gardiennes...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1811\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-523-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1813\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-536-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1814\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-534-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1817\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-531-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nTracés par des jeunes filles tamoules. <em>La Croisette</em>, Grand Baie, jullet 2018. A l\'occasion des 10 ans du groupe <em>Ornex Entertainment.</em>','Les kolams, un art éphémère éternel...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1809-revision-v1','','','2018-08-08 18:45:59','2018-08-08 14:45:59','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1809-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1822,2,'2018-08-08 20:52:37','2018-08-08 16:52:37','Connaissez-vous ces magnifiques oeuvres d\'art que sont les <strong>Kolams</strong>?\r\n\r\nArt traditionnel originaire de l\'Inde, particulièrement dans les États du Tamil Nadu ou de l\'Andra Pradesh, les<em><strong> Kolams</strong> </em>font également partis, aujourd\'hui, du \"folklore iconographique\" mauricien grâce à la transmission d\'un savoir-faire des descendants mauriciens d\'origine indienne et de foi hindoue, plus précisément des descandantes.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Un savoir-faire résolument féminin</em></strong>\r\n\r\nEn effet, les <em><strong>kolams</strong> </em>sont exclusivement réalisés par les femmes qui se transmettent ce savoir de mère en fille. Le <em><strong>Kolam</strong> </em>- qui signifie littéralement \"manifestation\" - a pour base un dessin tracé sur un sol humidifié avec de la farine de riz. Cette base sera ensuite ornée de poudre et/ou de riz coloré représentant des motifs géométriques, des fleurs, des animaux ou autres, selon l\'inspiation de sa réalisatrice. Celle-ci commence généralement le motif par son centre et s\'en éloigne progressivement, avec dextérité et fluidité, le pouce et l\'index étant les doigts les plus sollicités. Les couleurs chatoyantes et variées rendent le motif attrayant et remarquable.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Symboliques et significations du Kolam</em></strong>\r\n\r\nArt éphémère par excellence, le <strong><em>Kolam </em></strong>n\'a pas pour dessein de perdurer. Il est, au contraire, symbole de l\'éphémérité de la vie, de l\'instant, de l\'art et de la beauté. Équivalent à une prière, le <em><strong>Kolam</strong></em> a pour but d\'apporter la bénédiction au foyer - au seuil duquel il est tracé - à un temple ou à tout autre lieu. Ayant la faculté de chasser les \"mauvais esprits\" les <strong><em>Kolams</em> </strong>protègent, sanctifient et invitent les divinités bienveillantes, essentiellement la déesse <em>Lakshmi </em>(déesse de la prospérité et de la fortune, épouse de Vishnou), afin qu\'elles apportent de multiples bienfaits à tous. Les adultes veilleront particulièrement à contourner les <em><strong>Kolams</strong> </em>la journée durant. Cependant, il est de bon augure que ceux-ci soient foulés par les jeunes enfants et les animaux, renforçant ainsi la charge bénéfique du motif.\r\n\r\nBalayés par le vent, la pluie et le pas des passants, les <strong><em>Kolams</em></strong> nous offrent, le temps d\'une journée , splendeur et délicatesse d\'un art dans lequel se condense toute la force et la spiritualité de l\'Inde éternelle, à travers l\'âme des femmes qui en demeurent ainsi les gardiennes...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1811\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-523-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1813\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-536-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1814\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-534-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1817\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Hiver2018-531-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nTracés par des jeunes filles tamoules. <em>La Croisette</em>, Grand Baie, jullet 2018. A l\'occasion des 10 ans du groupe <em>Ornex Entertainment.</em>','Les kolams, un art éphémère éternel...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1809-revision-v1','','','2018-08-08 20:52:37','2018-08-08 16:52:37','',1809,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1809-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1823,2,'2018-08-24 22:53:42','2018-08-24 18:53:42','<strong><em>Rakhi</em> </strong>ou <em><strong>Raksha Bandhan</strong>, </em>est une fête célébrée par les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme mais aussi du jaïnisme, chaque année, pendant le mois de <em><strong>Shraavana</strong></em>, cinquième mois du calendrier hindou, qui commence fin juillet, premier jour de la pleine lune, et s\'achève la troisième semaine d\'août, lorsque débute la prochaine pleine lune. Bon nombre d\'Hindous jeûnent pendant cette période en l\'honneur du dieu <em><strong>Shiva</strong></em> et de son épouse, la déesse<em><strong> Parvati</strong> </em>(généralement le lundi et le mardi).\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rakhi, une célébration des liens du coeur : significations et enjeux familiaux</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rakhi</strong>, </em>qui peut être littéralement traduit par \"lien de protection\", symbolise le lien fraternel qui existe entre un frère et une soeur et, plus largement, entre deux individus se considérant comme tel. En effet, le lien fraternel peut être à la fois biologique : frère et soeur, cousin et cousine germains - puisque dans la parenté hindoue, les cousines et cousins germains sont placés dans la même lignée parentale que les frères et soeurs - mais aussi amical. Il transcende alors le lien génétique et s\'étend au-delà du cercle familial, symbolisant les liens du coeur. La célébration de <strong><em>Rakhi </em></strong>échappe alors à l\'obligation socio-familiale pour devenir un véritable choix entre deux personnes désirant volontairement, et publiquement, affirmer le lien d\'amitié et d\'affection qui les unit. Il s\'agit alors d\'un homme et d\'une femme, s\'appréciant particulièrement et se choisissant mutuellement comme frère et soeur de coeur, mais également d\'une femme et son époux, d\'un disciple avec son <em>guru </em>ou guide spirituel, d\'un dévot avec son dieu...\r\n\r\nJe citerai ainsi l\'exemple de Claire - française vivant à Maurice depuis plus de 25 ans - qui fête depuis de nombreuses années <em><strong>Rakhi </strong></em>avec deux amis chers à son coeur, qu\'elle considère réellement comme des frères :\r\n\r\n<em>\"J’aime le fait de nouer ce bracelet et j’attends ensuite la photo que publient mes deux frères de coeurs avec leurs bracelets, ceux de leurs soeurs de sang et les miens (...) Pour moi <strong>Rakhi </strong>représente les liens forts de l’affection et de la tendresse entre frères et sœurs, et pour ceux que je considère comme tels. L’amitié sincère est une des valeurs les plus importantes dans ma vie. Nouer un bracelet de Rakhi a une réelle importance pour moi, Plus qu’un symbole, c’est un acte d’engagement et de tendresse. Quelle belle façon de célébrer un attachement qui n’est pas charnel mais authentique et intense !\" </em>Claire C. août 2018.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rituels festifs : choix du rakhi et déroulement</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de <em>Rakhi</em> est un moment privilégié où chaque participant va témoigner de son affection envers son frère et sa soeur biologique et/ou de coeur. Chaque soeur se fait alors une joie, parfois des semaines ou mois à l\'avance, de choisir minutieusement un bracelet ou <em>rakhi - </em>sorte de cordon de cérémonie symbolisant concrétement le lien qui les unit à leurs frères - veillant à ce que celui-ci soit différent chaque année. Auparavant simple cordon rouge ( couleur relative à la spiritualité), le <em>rakhi</em> se décline aujourd\'hui en une multitude de formes, devenant même un véritable petit bijou. À noter que si frères et soeurs sont éloignés géographiquement, celles-ci ne manqureont pas d\'envoyer, par voie postale, le <em>rakhi </em>à leur(s) frère(s).\r\n\r\nTraditionnellement, la célébration de <em>Rakhi </em>se déroule chez les parents ou chez le frère aîné, si ceux-ci sont décédés ou encore, les soeurs se déplacent ensemble ou à tour de rôle, chez leur(s) frère(s).\r\n\r\nUne fois le <em>rakhi</em> noué, chaque soeur fait une petite prière ou entonne une chanson pour son frère demandant sa protection, souhaitant son bonheur, sa réussite et/ou célébrant le lien qui les unit et sa perpétuation. Elles prennent alors, seule ou à plusieurs, un <em>thali </em>ou plateau dans lequel se trouvent une lampe remplie le plus souvent de ghee, des confiseries, comme les <em>ladoos,</em> la poudre servant à appliquer la<em> tikka </em>ainsi que des fleurs, et font tourner le <em>thali</em> autour de la tête de leur(s) frère(s), 3, 5 ou 7 fois, en même temps qu\'elles entonnent la prière ou le chant ; ce ce qu\'on appelle le <em>aarti.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1832 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Rakhi-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Thali</em> servant à la prière pour <em>Rakhi</em>.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Enfin, chacune applique sur le front de son frère le <em>tilak ou tika, </em>apposé ici dans le cadre du caractère spirituel de la fête, et achève généralement le rituel par le lancer de quelques fleurs comme lors des cérémonies religieuses, en guise de bénédiction. Il n\'est pas rare que frère et soeur partage ensuite une friandise comme les ladoos, préparés pour l\'occasion. Une fois le rituel achevé, chacun s\'embrasse et s\'enlace et les frères offrent un cadeau à leur soeur. Il peut s\'agir d\'un vêtement, d\'un bijou, d\'argent ou tout autre objet, le but étant de combler celle qui reçoit ce présent. Notons que depuis quelques années, à Maurice, les soeurs offrent également un présent à leur frère.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1828\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/044-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"209\" height=\"157\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1827\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/043-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"210\" height=\"158\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1830\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DSC_0699-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"279\" height=\"157\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\"<em> Il est important selon moi de perpétuer le lien fraternel car le travail, la vie de famille et nos autres obligations quotidiennes nous absorbent tellement que l\'on peut en venir à oublier ce qui compte vraiment. Ainsi, <strong>Rakhi</strong> nous permet de ne pas oublier et ne pas négliger ce lien fondamental (...) Ce n\'est pas le cadeau que l\'on offre qui compte vraiment mais la protection que l\'on offre et qui est représenté par ce présent. Bien sûr, à travers celui-ci, je chercherai à faire plaisir à mes soeurs que j\'aime...\" </em>Vishal, août 2018.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><em>Rakhi au delà du lien fraternel...</em></strong></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em><strong>Rakhi</strong></em> est donc, avant tout, une célébration du lien affectif qui unit deux individus, peu importe que leur lien soit biologique ou non, comme l\'affirme d\'ailleurs différents mythes hindous. Citons par exemple celui du dieu <strong><em>Indra</em> </strong>- maître de la pluie, de la foudre et du ciel - qui, lors d\'affrontements entre les dieux et démons, fut disgracié par le démon <em><strong>Bali</strong></em>. Sa femme <em><strong>Sacchi,</strong></em> peinait par le détresse de son époux, demande l\'aide du dieu <em><strong>Vishnou</strong></em>, protecteur de l\'univers. Celui-ci lui fait don d\'un bracelet de coton sacré qu\'elle doit nouer au poignet de son mari en priant pour sa victoire et son bien-être. Alors Indra put vaincre le mal incarné par <em><strong>Bali</strong></em> et reconquérir sa place. C\'est ainsi que le mythe confére son pouvoir sacré au cordon du <em><strong>Raksha bandhan.</strong></em></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Ainsi, le pouvoir protecteur du <em><strong>rakhi</strong> </em>a traversé les âges et les lieux, venant jusqu\'à nous afin de nous offrir et perpétuer le lien le plus sacré qui soit, qui trangresse les barrières sociales, ethniques et générationnelles, celui de l\'amour universel...</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Bonne fête de <em>Rakhi</em> à TOUS !</strong></p>','Rakhi, une fête de la fraternité...','','publish','open','open','','rakhi-une-fete-de-la-fraternite','','','2018-08-24 22:56:23','2018-08-24 18:56:23','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1823',0,'post','',0),(1824,2,'2018-08-23 15:08:48','2018-08-23 11:08:48','','Fin hiver 2017 362','','inherit','open','closed','','fin-hiver-2017-362','','','2018-08-23 15:08:48','2018-08-23 11:08:48','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Fin-hiver-2017-362.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1825,2,'2018-08-23 15:09:11','2018-08-23 11:09:11','','Fin hiver 2017 360','','inherit','open','closed','','fin-hiver-2017-360','','','2018-08-23 15:09:11','2018-08-23 11:09:11','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Fin-hiver-2017-360.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1826,2,'2018-08-23 15:09:26','2018-08-23 11:09:26','','Fin hiver 2017 370','','inherit','open','closed','','fin-hiver-2017-370','','','2018-08-23 15:09:26','2018-08-23 11:09:26','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Fin-hiver-2017-370.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1827,2,'2018-08-23 15:10:43','2018-08-23 11:10:43','','043','','inherit','open','closed','','043','','','2018-08-23 15:10:43','2018-08-23 11:10:43','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/043.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1828,2,'2018-08-23 15:11:01','2018-08-23 11:11:01','','044','','inherit','open','closed','','044','','','2018-08-23 15:11:01','2018-08-23 11:11:01','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/044.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1829,2,'2018-08-23 15:12:56','2018-08-23 11:12:56','','DSC_0794','','inherit','open','closed','','dsc_0794','','','2018-08-23 15:12:56','2018-08-23 11:12:56','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DSC_0794.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1830,2,'2018-08-23 18:21:54','2018-08-23 14:21:54','','DSC_0699','','inherit','open','closed','','dsc_0699','','','2018-08-23 18:21:54','2018-08-23 14:21:54','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DSC_0699.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1831,2,'2018-08-23 18:23:26','2018-08-23 14:23:26','','DSC_0814','','inherit','open','closed','','dsc_0814','','','2018-08-23 18:23:26','2018-08-23 14:23:26','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DSC_0814.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1832,2,'2018-08-23 18:46:47','2018-08-23 14:46:47','','Rakhi','','inherit','open','closed','','rakhi','','','2018-08-23 18:46:47','2018-08-23 14:46:47','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Rakhi.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1833,2,'2018-08-24 22:23:29','2018-08-24 18:23:29','<strong><em>Rakhi</em> </strong>ou <em><strong>Raksha Bandhan</strong>, </em>est une fête célébrée par les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme mais aussi du jaïnisme, chaque année, pendant le mois de <em><strong>Shraavana</strong></em>, cinquième mois du calendrier hindou, qui commence fin juillet - premier jour de la pleine lune - et s\'achève la troisième semaine d\'août, lorsque débute la prochaine pleine lune. Bon nombre d\'Hindous jeûnent pendant cette période en l\'honneur du dieu Shiva et de son épouse, la déesse Parvati (généralement le lundi et le mardi).\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rakhi, une célébration des liens du coeur : significations et enjeux familiaux</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rakhi</strong>, </em>qui peut être littéralement traduit par \"lien de protection\", symbolise le lien fraternel qui existe entre un frère et une soeur et, plus largement, entre deux individus se considérant comme tel. En effet, le lien fraternel peut être à la fois biologique : frère et soeur, cousin et cousine germains - puisque dans la parenté hindoue, les cousines et cousins germains sont placés dans la même lignée parentale que les frères et soeurs - mais aussi amical. Il transcende alors le lien génétique et s\'étend au-delà du cercle familial, symbolisant les liens du coeur. La célébration de <strong><em>Rakhi </em></strong>échappe alors à l\'obligation socio-familiale pour devenir un véritable choix entre deux personnes désirant volontairement et publiquement affirmer le lien d\'amitié et d\'affection qui les unit. Il s\'agit alors d\'un homme et d\'une femme, s\'appréciant particulièrement et se choisissant mutuellement comme frère et soeur de coeur, mais également d\'une femme et son époux, d\'un disciple avec son <em>guru </em>ou guide spirituel, d\'un dévot avec son dieu...\r\n\r\nJe citerai ainsi l\'exemple de Claire - française vivant à Maurice depuis plus de 25 ans - qui fête depuis de nombreuses années <em><strong>Rakhi </strong></em>avec deux amis chers à son coeur, qu\'elle considère réellement comme des frères :\r\n\r\n<em>\"J’aime le fait de nouer ce bracelet et j’attends ensuite la photo que publie mes deux frères de coeurs avec leurs bracelets, ceux de leurs soeurs de sang et les miens (...) Pour moi <strong>Rakhi </strong>représente les liens forts de l’affection et de la tendresse entre frères et sœurs, et pour ceux que je considère comme tels. L’amitié sincère est une des valeurs les plus importantes dans ma vie. Nouer un bracelet de Rakhi a une réelle importance pour moi, Plus qu’un symbole, c’est un acte d’engagement et de tendresse. Quelle belle façon de célébrer un attachement qui n’est pas charnel mais authentique et intense !\"</em>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rituels festifs : choix du rakhi et déroulement</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de <em>Rakhi</em> est un moment privilégié où chaque participant va témoigner de son affection envers son frère et sa soeur biologique et/ou de coeur. Chaque soeur se fait alors une joie, parfois des semaines ou mois à l\'avance, de choisir minutieusement un bracelet ou <em>rakhi - </em>sorte de cordon de cérémonie symbolisant concrétement le lien qui les unissent à leurs frères - veillant à ce que celui-ci soit différent chaque année. Auparavant simple cordon rouge ( couleur relative à la spiritualité), le <em>rakhi</em> se décline aujourd\'hui en une multitude de formes, devenant même un véritable petit bijou. À noter que si frères et soeurs sont éloignés géographiquement, celles-ci ne manqureont pas d\'envoyer, par moyens postaux, le <em>rakhi </em>à leur(s) frère(s).\r\n\r\nTraditionnellement, la célébration de <em>Rakhi </em>se déroule chez les parents ou chez le frère aîné, si ceux-ci sont décédés ou encore, les soeurs se déplacent ensemble ou à tour de rôle, chez leur(s) frère(s).\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nUne fois le <em>rakhi</em> noué, chaque soeur fait une petite prière ou entonne une chanson pour son frère demandant sa protection, souhaitant son bonheur,sa réussite et/ou célébrant le lien qui les unit et sa perpétuation. Elles prennent alors, seule ou à plusieurs, un <em>thali </em>ou plateau dans lequel se trouvent une lampe remplie de e, des confiseries, comme les <em>ladoos,</em> la poudre servant à appliquer la<em> tikka </em>ainsi que des fleurs, et font tourner le <em>thali</em> autour de la tête de leur(s) frère(s), 3, 5 ou 7 fois, en même temps qu\'ellesentonnent la prière ou le chant ; ce ce qu\'on appelle le <em>aarti.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1832 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Rakhi-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Thali</em> servant à la prière pour <em>Rakhi</em>.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Enfin, chacune applique sur le front de son frère le <em>tilak ou tika, </em>apposé ici dans le cadre du caractère spirituel de la fête, et achève généralement le rituel par le lancer de quelques fleurs comme lors des cérémonies religieuses, en guise de bénédiction et il n\'est pas rare que frère et soeur partage une friandise comme les ladoos, préparés pour l\'occasion. Une fois le rituel achevé, chacun s\'embrasse et s\'enlace et les frères offrent un cadeau à leur soeur. Il peut s\'agir d\'un vêtement, d\'un bijou, d\'argent ou tout autre objet, le but étant de combler celle qui reçoit ce présent. Notons que depuis quelques années, à Maurice, les soeurs offrent également un présent à leur frère.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><em>Rakhi au delà du lien fraternel...</em></strong></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em><strong>Rakhi</strong></em> est donc, avant tout, une célébration du lien affectif qui unit deux individus, peu importe que leur lien soit biologique ou non, comme l\'affirme d\'ailleurs différents mythes hindous. Citons par exemple celui du dieu <strong><em>Indra</em> </strong>- maître de la pluie, de la foudre et du ciel - qui, lors d\'affrontements entre les dieux et démons, fut disgracié par le démon <em><strong>Bali</strong></em>. Sa femme <em><strong>Sacchi,</strong></em> peinait par le détresse de son époux, demande l\'aide du dieu <em><strong>Vishnou</strong></em>, protecteur de l\'univers. Celui-ci lui fait don d\'un bracelet de coton sacré qu\'elle doit nouer au poignet de son mari en priant pour sa victoire et son bien-être. C\'est alors qu\'Indra put vaincre le mal incarné par <em><strong>Bali</strong></em> et reconquérir sa place. C\'est ainsi que le mythe conféra son pouvoir sacré au cordon du <em><strong>Raksha bandhan.</strong></em></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Ainsi, le pouvoir protecteur du rakhi a traversé les âges et les lieux, venant jusqu\'à nous afn de nous offrir et perpétuer le lien le plus sacré qui soit, qui trangresse les barrières sociales, ethniques et générationnelles, celui de l\'amour universel...</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"></p>','Rakhi, une fête de la fraternité...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1823-revision-v1','','','2018-08-24 22:23:29','2018-08-24 18:23:29','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1823-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1834,2,'2018-08-24 22:30:46','2018-08-24 18:30:46','','Rakhis','','inherit','open','closed','','rakhis','','','2018-08-24 22:30:46','2018-08-24 18:30:46','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Rakhis.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1835,2,'2018-08-24 22:53:42','2018-08-24 18:53:42','<strong><em>Rakhi</em> </strong>ou <em><strong>Raksha Bandhan</strong>, </em>est une fête célébrée par les pratiquants de l\'hindouisme mais aussi du jaïnisme, chaque année, pendant le mois de <em><strong>Shraavana</strong></em>, cinquième mois du calendrier hindou, qui commence fin juillet, premier jour de la pleine lune, et s\'achève la troisième semaine d\'août, lorsque débute la prochaine pleine lune. Bon nombre d\'Hindous jeûnent pendant cette période en l\'honneur du dieu <em><strong>Shiva</strong></em> et de son épouse, la déesse<em><strong> Parvati</strong> </em>(généralement le lundi et le mardi).\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rakhi, une célébration des liens du coeur : significations et enjeux familiaux</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rakhi</strong>, </em>qui peut être littéralement traduit par \"lien de protection\", symbolise le lien fraternel qui existe entre un frère et une soeur et, plus largement, entre deux individus se considérant comme tel. En effet, le lien fraternel peut être à la fois biologique : frère et soeur, cousin et cousine germains - puisque dans la parenté hindoue, les cousines et cousins germains sont placés dans la même lignée parentale que les frères et soeurs - mais aussi amical. Il transcende alors le lien génétique et s\'étend au-delà du cercle familial, symbolisant les liens du coeur. La célébration de <strong><em>Rakhi </em></strong>échappe alors à l\'obligation socio-familiale pour devenir un véritable choix entre deux personnes désirant volontairement, et publiquement, affirmer le lien d\'amitié et d\'affection qui les unit. Il s\'agit alors d\'un homme et d\'une femme, s\'appréciant particulièrement et se choisissant mutuellement comme frère et soeur de coeur, mais également d\'une femme et son époux, d\'un disciple avec son <em>guru </em>ou guide spirituel, d\'un dévot avec son dieu...\r\n\r\nJe citerai ainsi l\'exemple de Claire - française vivant à Maurice depuis plus de 25 ans - qui fête depuis de nombreuses années <em><strong>Rakhi </strong></em>avec deux amis chers à son coeur, qu\'elle considère réellement comme des frères :\r\n\r\n<em>\"J’aime le fait de nouer ce bracelet et j’attends ensuite la photo que publient mes deux frères de coeurs avec leurs bracelets, ceux de leurs soeurs de sang et les miens (...) Pour moi <strong>Rakhi </strong>représente les liens forts de l’affection et de la tendresse entre frères et sœurs, et pour ceux que je considère comme tels. L’amitié sincère est une des valeurs les plus importantes dans ma vie. Nouer un bracelet de Rakhi a une réelle importance pour moi, Plus qu’un symbole, c’est un acte d’engagement et de tendresse. Quelle belle façon de célébrer un attachement qui n’est pas charnel mais authentique et intense !\" </em>Claire C. août 2018.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Rituels festifs : choix du rakhi et déroulement</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de <em>Rakhi</em> est un moment privilégié où chaque participant va témoigner de son affection envers son frère et sa soeur biologique et/ou de coeur. Chaque soeur se fait alors une joie, parfois des semaines ou mois à l\'avance, de choisir minutieusement un bracelet ou <em>rakhi - </em>sorte de cordon de cérémonie symbolisant concrétement le lien qui les unit à leurs frères - veillant à ce que celui-ci soit différent chaque année. Auparavant simple cordon rouge ( couleur relative à la spiritualité), le <em>rakhi</em> se décline aujourd\'hui en une multitude de formes, devenant même un véritable petit bijou. À noter que si frères et soeurs sont éloignés géographiquement, celles-ci ne manqureont pas d\'envoyer, par voie postale, le <em>rakhi </em>à leur(s) frère(s).\r\n\r\nTraditionnellement, la célébration de <em>Rakhi </em>se déroule chez les parents ou chez le frère aîné, si ceux-ci sont décédés ou encore, les soeurs se déplacent ensemble ou à tour de rôle, chez leur(s) frère(s).\r\n\r\nUne fois le <em>rakhi</em> noué, chaque soeur fait une petite prière ou entonne une chanson pour son frère demandant sa protection, souhaitant son bonheur, sa réussite et/ou célébrant le lien qui les unit et sa perpétuation. Elles prennent alors, seule ou à plusieurs, un <em>thali </em>ou plateau dans lequel se trouvent une lampe remplie le plus souvent de ghee, des confiseries, comme les <em>ladoos,</em> la poudre servant à appliquer la<em> tikka </em>ainsi que des fleurs, et font tourner le <em>thali</em> autour de la tête de leur(s) frère(s), 3, 5 ou 7 fois, en même temps qu\'elles entonnent la prière ou le chant ; ce ce qu\'on appelle le <em>aarti.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1832 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Rakhi-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Thali</em> servant à la prière pour <em>Rakhi</em>.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Enfin, chacune applique sur le front de son frère le <em>tilak ou tika, </em>apposé ici dans le cadre du caractère spirituel de la fête, et achève généralement le rituel par le lancer de quelques fleurs comme lors des cérémonies religieuses, en guise de bénédiction. Il n\'est pas rare que frère et soeur partage ensuite une friandise comme les ladoos, préparés pour l\'occasion. Une fois le rituel achevé, chacun s\'embrasse et s\'enlace et les frères offrent un cadeau à leur soeur. Il peut s\'agir d\'un vêtement, d\'un bijou, d\'argent ou tout autre objet, le but étant de combler celle qui reçoit ce présent. Notons que depuis quelques années, à Maurice, les soeurs offrent également un présent à leur frère.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1828\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/044-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"209\" height=\"157\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1827\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/043-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"210\" height=\"158\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1830\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/DSC_0699-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"279\" height=\"157\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\"<em> Il est important selon moi de perpétuer le lien fraternel car le travail, la vie de famille et nos autres obligations quotidiennes nous absorbent tellement que l\'on peut en venir à oublier ce qui compte vraiment. Ainsi, <strong>Rakhi</strong> nous permet de ne pas oublier et ne pas négliger ce lien fondamental (...) Ce n\'est pas le cadeau que l\'on offre qui compte vraiment mais la protection que l\'on offre et qui est représenté par ce présent. Bien sûr, à travers celui-ci, je chercherai à faire plaisir à mes soeurs que j\'aime...\" </em>Vishal, août 2018.</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><em>Rakhi au delà du lien fraternel...</em></strong></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em><strong>Rakhi</strong></em> est donc, avant tout, une célébration du lien affectif qui unit deux individus, peu importe que leur lien soit biologique ou non, comme l\'affirme d\'ailleurs différents mythes hindous. Citons par exemple celui du dieu <strong><em>Indra</em> </strong>- maître de la pluie, de la foudre et du ciel - qui, lors d\'affrontements entre les dieux et démons, fut disgracié par le démon <em><strong>Bali</strong></em>. Sa femme <em><strong>Sacchi,</strong></em> peinait par le détresse de son époux, demande l\'aide du dieu <em><strong>Vishnou</strong></em>, protecteur de l\'univers. Celui-ci lui fait don d\'un bracelet de coton sacré qu\'elle doit nouer au poignet de son mari en priant pour sa victoire et son bien-être. Alors Indra put vaincre le mal incarné par <em><strong>Bali</strong></em> et reconquérir sa place. C\'est ainsi que le mythe confére son pouvoir sacré au cordon du <em><strong>Raksha bandhan.</strong></em></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Ainsi, le pouvoir protecteur du <em><strong>rakhi</strong> </em>a traversé les âges et les lieux, venant jusqu\'à nous afin de nous offrir et perpétuer le lien le plus sacré qui soit, qui trangresse les barrières sociales, ethniques et générationnelles, celui de l\'amour universel...</p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Bonne fête de <em>Rakhi</em> à TOUS !</strong></p>','Rakhi, une fête de la fraternité...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1823-revision-v1','','','2018-08-24 22:53:42','2018-08-24 18:53:42','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1823-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1836,2,'2018-08-24 22:55:51','2018-08-24 18:55:51','','Rakhis2','','inherit','open','closed','','rakhis2','','','2018-08-24 22:55:51','2018-08-24 18:55:51','',1823,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Rakhis2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1837,2,'2018-09-14 00:26:21','2018-09-13 20:26:21','<em></em>\r\n\r\nUn ventre rond et proéminant, un regard pétillant et une trompe à faire pâlir le plus mammifère terrestre! Vous l\'avez reconnu? Il s\'agit du dieu Ganesh, certainement l\'un des plus affectionnés et vénérés des dieux du panthéon hindou.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Les origines de Ganesha</strong></em>\r\n\r\nFils de Shiva et Pârvatî, Ganesh voit le jour grâce à celle-ci - qui l\'a façonné avec la poussière et les onguents qu\'elle a raclés sur le dessus de sa peau - afin de lui tenir compagnie lors de ses longs mois de solitude, tandis que Shiva partait méditer dans l\'Himalaya.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1839 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nToutefois, la tête d\'éléphant n\'a pas toujours été l\'apanage de Ganesh. En effet, plusieurs versions du mythe explique la perte de sa tête humaine. Nous retiendrons néanmoins la plus fréquente qui veut que, revenant après une longue absence, Shiva se vit interdire l\'accès de sa maison par un enfant inconnu, alors que sa femme prenait son bain. De colère, Shiva coupa la tête du jeune garçon, provoquant ainsi le désespoir de sa femme qui demanda immédiatement que son époux redonne vie à son fils. Shiva promit alors de remplacer la tête de <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> par celle du premier enfant hors de vue de sa mère : ce fut un éléphanteau<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Repr</em></strong><strong><em>ésentations et symbolisme</em></strong>\r\n\r\nAinsi parée de cette double personnification, <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> représente à la fois le monde humain et animal mais aussi humain, par la partie inférieure de son corps, et divin par la partie supérieure, à savoir sa tête d\'éléphant. Son esprit, à l\'instar du cosmos, est vaste et puissant, ce qui lui confère la faculté de triompher des obstacles de l\'ignorance et d\'appréhender les mystères de l\'univers. Symbolisant également le macro et le microcosme - de part son lien avec sa monture ou <em>Vâhana</em>, qui est un rat - <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> renforce cette union entre le divin et l\'humain. Il est le protecteur des faibles, celui par qui l\'on commence chaque prière ou rituel hindou, le dieu de la sagesse, de l\'intelligence, de la connaissance, de la prudence et de l\'éducation. Ne soyez donc pas étonné de voir une statue de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong>ornée le bureau d\'un enseignant!\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Célébration de Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong> est donc l\'occasion, pour tous les hindous du monde, de célébrer et rendre hommage au Seigneur <strong><em>Ganesha</em></strong> ou <strong><em>Ganapati</em></strong> (chef des Ganas). La fête a lieu pendant le mois de <em>Badhra</em> ou <em>Bhādrapad</em>, sixième mois du calendrier hindou ( entre le 20 août et 15 septembre du calendrier grégorien). Le premier jour de la célébration, chaque dévot, après s\'être baigné pour se purifier, va acheter une représentation de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong> - dont la taille varie de quelques centimètres à plusieurs mètres de hauteur- et qu\'il rapporte en procession chez lui où elle sera déposée sur un autel pour les prières faites en son hommage. Lors du dernier jour des célébrations, Chaque représentation est portée en procession par les dévots masculins vers un lieu d\'immersion, tandis que les femmes chantent et dansent, font des offrandes aux dieux, ainsi que tous les fidèles participant au rituel, beaucoup offrant des gâteaux et boissons aux participants et spectateurs.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi à Maurice</em></strong>\r\n\r\nParticulièrement populaire et célébrée dans toute l\'Inde<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]</a> par toutes les ethnies pratiquant l\'hindouisme, cette fête est l\'apanage, à Maurice, de l\'ethnie marathi. Fait particulièrement surprenant, cette non-célébration par les autres groupes ethniques n\'est toutefois pas liée à un manque d\'intérêt mais tout simplement à l\'ignorance, plus précisément à la perte du \"savoir-faire\" rituel et festif.\r\n\r\n\" <em>Nous ne fêtons plus Ganesh Chaturti tout simplement parce qu\'on ne sait plus comment faire, nos parents ne nous ont pas appris, on a oublié... Mais on peut aller voir la procession...\"</em> Vijay, septembre 2015.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1840\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1841\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1842\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1843\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nDans toute l\'île, les processions se succèdent tout au long de la journée, les lieux d\'immersion variant de la mer à la rivière, comme à Vacoas, en passant par les bassins ou lac comme à <em>Ganga Talao, </em>lieu dit de<em> Grand Bassin.</em> Dans un souci de protection du monde aquacole, les représentations sont essentiellement constituée d\'argile ou de papier.\r\n\r\nAu moment de l\'immersion finale, les dévots scandent en choeur : \"Ganapati bappa morya ! Mangal moorti morya !\" à savoir, \"Père Ganapati, reviens-nous ! Toi qui portes chance, reviens-nous ! »\r\n\r\nLa communauté marathi de Maurice est ainsi, aujourd\'hui, devenue la garante de cette mémoire rituelle et festive et nous la remercions de préserver ce savoir-faire unique et de la transmettre aux futures générations pour notre plus grand plaisir!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Nous aurons l\'occasion de revenir, dans un autre article, sur les différentes versions et les significations de cette décapitation du fils de Pârvatî.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Et dans de nombreux pays où résident une importante communauté hindoue, comme à Paris.','Ganesh Chaturthi, entre joie et bénédictions','','publish','open','open','','ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions','','','2018-09-14 00:26:21','2018-09-13 20:26:21','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1837',0,'post','',0),(1838,2,'2018-09-14 00:16:02','2018-09-13 20:16:02','','ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362','','','2018-09-14 00:16:02','2018-09-13 20:16:02','',1837,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1839,2,'2018-09-14 00:18:14','2018-09-13 20:18:14','','Ganesha and his parents','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesha-and-his-parents','','','2018-09-14 00:18:14','2018-09-13 20:18:14','',1837,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1840,2,'2018-09-14 00:19:39','2018-09-13 20:19:39','','Ganesh Chaturti 3','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesh-chaturti-3','','','2018-09-14 00:19:39','2018-09-13 20:19:39','',1837,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1841,2,'2018-09-14 00:19:49','2018-09-13 20:19:49','','KahalaSept2015 034','','inherit','open','closed','','kahalasept2015-034','','','2018-09-14 00:19:49','2018-09-13 20:19:49','',1837,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1842,2,'2018-09-14 00:22:46','2018-09-13 20:22:46','','KahalaSept2015 056','','inherit','open','closed','','kahalasept2015-056','','','2018-09-14 00:22:46','2018-09-13 20:22:46','',1837,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1843,2,'2018-09-14 00:25:42','2018-09-13 20:25:42','','Immersion','','inherit','open','closed','','immersion','','','2018-09-14 00:25:42','2018-09-13 20:25:42','',1837,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1844,2,'2018-09-14 00:26:21','2018-09-13 20:26:21','<em></em>\r\n\r\nUn ventre rond et proéminant, un regard pétillant et une trompe à faire pâlir le plus mammifère terrestre! Vous l\'avez reconnu? Il s\'agit du dieu Ganesh, certainement l\'un des plus affectionnés et vénérés des dieux du panthéon hindou.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Les origines de Ganesha</strong></em>\r\n\r\nFils de Shiva et Pârvatî, Ganesh voit le jour grâce à celle-ci - qui l\'a façonné avec la poussière et les onguents qu\'elle a raclés sur le dessus de sa peau - afin de lui tenir compagnie lors de ses longs mois de solitude, tandis que Shiva partait méditer dans l\'Himalaya.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1839 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nToutefois, la tête d\'éléphant n\'a pas toujours été l\'apanage de Ganesh. En effet, plusieurs versions du mythe explique la perte de sa tête humaine. Nous retiendrons néanmoins la plus fréquente qui veut que, revenant après une longue absence, Shiva se vit interdire l\'accès de sa maison par un enfant inconnu, alors que sa femme prenait son bain. De colère, Shiva coupa la tête du jeune garçon, provoquant ainsi le désespoir de sa femme qui demanda immédiatement que son époux redonne vie à son fils. Shiva promit alors de remplacer la tête de <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> par celle du premier enfant hors de vue de sa mère : ce fut un éléphanteau<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Repr</em></strong><strong><em>ésentations et symbolisme</em></strong>\r\n\r\nAinsi parée de cette double personnification, <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> représente à la fois le monde humain et animal mais aussi humain, par la partie inférieure de son corps, et divin par la partie supérieure, à savoir sa tête d\'éléphant. Son esprit, à l\'instar du cosmos, est vaste et puissant, ce qui lui confère la faculté de triompher des obstacles de l\'ignorance et d\'appréhender les mystères de l\'univers. Symbolisant également le macro et le microcosme - de part son lien avec sa monture ou <em>Vâhana</em>, qui est un rat - <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> renforce cette union entre le divin et l\'humain. Il est le protecteur des faibles, celui par qui l\'on commence chaque prière ou rituel hindou, le dieu de la sagesse, de l\'intelligence, de la connaissance, de la prudence et de l\'éducation. Ne soyez donc pas étonné de voir une statue de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong>ornée le bureau d\'un enseignant!\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Célébration de Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong> est donc l\'occasion, pour tous les hindous du monde, de célébrer et rendre hommage au Seigneur <strong><em>Ganesha</em></strong> ou <strong><em>Ganapati</em></strong> (chef des Ganas). La fête a lieu pendant le mois de <em>Badhra</em> ou <em>Bhādrapad</em>, sixième mois du calendrier hindou ( entre le 20 août et 15 septembre du calendrier grégorien). Le premier jour de la célébration, chaque dévot, après s\'être baigné pour se purifier, va acheter une représentation de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong> - dont la taille varie de quelques centimètres à plusieurs mètres de hauteur- et qu\'il rapporte en procession chez lui où elle sera déposée sur un autel pour les prières faites en son hommage. Lors du dernier jour des célébrations, Chaque représentation est portée en procession par les dévots masculins vers un lieu d\'immersion, tandis que les femmes chantent et dansent, font des offrandes aux dieux, ainsi que tous les fidèles participant au rituel, beaucoup offrant des gâteaux et boissons aux participants et spectateurs.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi à Maurice</em></strong>\r\n\r\nParticulièrement populaire et célébrée dans toute l\'Inde<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]</a> par toutes les ethnies pratiquant l\'hindouisme, cette fête est l\'apanage, à Maurice, de l\'ethnie marathi. Fait particulièrement surprenant, cette non-célébration par les autres groupes ethniques n\'est toutefois pas liée à un manque d\'intérêt mais tout simplement à l\'ignorance, plus précisément à la perte du \"savoir-faire\" rituel et festif.\r\n\r\n\" <em>Nous ne fêtons plus Ganesh Chaturti tout simplement parce qu\'on ne sait plus comment faire, nos parents ne nous ont pas appris, on a oublié... Mais on peut aller voir la procession...\"</em> Vijay, septembre 2015.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1840\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1841\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1842\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1843\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nDans toute l\'île, les processions se succèdent tout au long de la journée, les lieux d\'immersion variant de la mer à la rivière, comme à Vacoas, en passant par les bassins ou lac comme à <em>Ganga Talao, </em>lieu dit de<em> Grand Bassin.</em> Dans un souci de protection du monde aquacole, les représentations sont essentiellement constituée d\'argile ou de papier.\r\n\r\nAu moment de l\'immersion finale, les dévots scandent en choeur : \"Ganapati bappa morya ! Mangal moorti morya !\" à savoir, \"Père Ganapati, reviens-nous ! Toi qui portes chance, reviens-nous ! »\r\n\r\nLa communauté marathi de Maurice est ainsi, aujourd\'hui, devenue la garante de cette mémoire rituelle et festive et nous la remercions de préserver ce savoir-faire unique et de la transmettre aux futures générations pour notre plus grand plaisir!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Nous aurons l\'occasion de revenir, dans un autre article, sur les différentes versions et les significations de cette décapitation du fils de Pârvatî.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Et dans de nombreux pays où résident une importante communauté hindoue, comme à Paris.','Ganesh Chaturthi, entre joie et bénédictions','','inherit','closed','closed','','1837-revision-v1','','','2018-09-14 00:26:21','2018-09-13 20:26:21','',1837,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1837-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1845,2,'2018-11-02 09:11:54','2018-11-02 05:11:54','Nous fêtons, ce 2 novembre à Maurice, l\'arrivée des <em>Coolies </em>ou <em>travailleurs engagés. </em>L\'occasion de revenir sur certains points essentiels de ce tournant socio-culturel et économique de l\'histoire mauricienne.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'abolition de l\'esclavage, de nouveaux enjeux pour l\'industrie sucrière</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLe 1er février 1835 est aboli définitivement l\'esclavage à Maurice, mettant ainsi fin à tout un système discriminatoire et cruel d\'asservissement d\'êtres humains au profit du développement de l\'économie du sucre en Europe. Se pose, dès lors, le problème de la main d\'oeuvre pour les propriétaires terriens se retrouvant dépourvus de \"bras\" expérimentés pour cultiver la canne à sucre.\r\n\r\nLes autorités britanniques, administrant alors Maurice, se tournent tout naturellement vers leus colonies, voyant dans celles-ci la solution à l\'apport d\'une nouvelle main d\'oeuvre à faible coût. Se développe ainsi une expérience, qui se répandra sur d\'autres continents faisant face aux mêmes préoccupations :<strong><em> l\'engagisme. </em></strong>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'engagisme ou la Grande Expérience</strong></em>\r\n\r\nEn réalité, Maurice fait face à la pénurie de travailleurs de la canne devant les besoins croissants de l\'industrie sucrière, dès les années 1820, bien que l\'abolition de l\'esclavage ne soit réellement appliquée qu\'une décennie plus tard. Profitant de la position stratégique de l\'île dans l\'Océan Indien, se trouvant au carrefour de l\'Afrique et de l\'Asie, Les Britanniques envisagèrent, dès la fin des années 1820, de recruter des ouvriers chinois, en provenance notamment de Penang et Singapour. Or, cette première expérience fut un échec, ces nouveaux travailleurs ne pouvant s\'adapter aux conditions de travail locales. Craignant qu\'un recrutement dans d\'autres pays d\'Afrique ne fut automatiquement associé à l\'esclavage, les autorités se tournent tout naturellement vers l\'Inde, où les gouvernements locaux se montraient favorables à l\'engagement sous contrat de leurs ressortissants les plus pauvres. Débute alors ce qu\'on nomma la <em><strong>Grande Expérience. </strong></em>Plus de 24 000 engagés indiens débarquèrent à Maurice entre 1834 et 1838. L\'<em><strong>Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> symbolise aujourd\'hui cette grande vague migratoire indienne, qui se répandit néanmoins rapidement à d\'autres pays.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1849\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/003-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1850\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Indentured-2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nEmpreintes de pieds, immigré indien. Portraits de quelques travailleurs engagés indiens.\r\n\r\n<em><strong> Aapravasi Ghat, </strong></em>photos de l\'auteure.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat, patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO : le symbole de tout un peuple</strong></em>\r\n\r\nSitué à Port Louis, <em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat - </strong></em> <em>Aapravasi</em> signifiant \"immigrant\" et <em>Ghat</em> le lieu où la terre et l’eau se rencontrent - fut construit en 1849 et accueillit des travailleurs engagés d\'Inde, de Chine, du Sud-Est asiatique, d\'Afrique de l\'est et de Madagascar. D\'abord nommé <em>Port Louis Depot</em> , il sera aussi connu comme <em>Immigration Depot </em>puis <em>Coolie Ghat</em>. Il ne prit son nom définitif qu\'en 1980. À leur arrivée, les <em>engagés</em> étaient conduits au bureau des administrateurs qui notaient leurs noms, leurs origines ethniques, géographiques, religieuses, familiales, etc. Ils restaient alors en quarantaine afin qu\'on vérifie qu\'ils n\'étaient atteints d\'aucune pathologie particulière (rappelons que beaucoup mourraient pendant la traversée ou arrivaient atteints de la malaria ou du choléra, maladies liées notamment aux conditions d\'hygiène déplorables reignant sur les bateaux) et en attente de leur \"affectation\" sur une propriété sucrière, pour laquelle ils se devaient de travailler pour une durée déterminée par leur contrat. C\'est ainsi qu\'à la fin de celui-ci, plusieurs d\'entre eux décidèrent de rester définitivement à Maurice, ayant souvent pu obtenir un lopin de terre en échange de la poursuite de leur travail ou eurent la capacité matérielle d\'en acheter une et d\'y travailler pour leur propre compte.<em> </em>Notons que<em> </em>certains descendants des travailleurs engagés appelèrent longtemps l<em><strong>\' Aapravasi Ghat, </strong></em>le <em>Ghat of destiny</em> , marquant ainsi l\'espoir de tout un peuple en quête d\'un avenir meilleur.\r\n\r\nEn 1924, le système d\'immigration de travailleurs engagés fut aboli suite aux conditions de vie épouvantables de ceux-ci. Ces conditions soulevèrent l\'indignation de nombreuses personnalités, en Angleterre et en Inde, interrompant déjà la poursuite de ce système une première fois, en1838, avant que l\'immigration indienne ne reprenne en 1842 mais, cette fois, sous contrôle gouvernemental. Aujourd\'hui, plus de 70% de la population mauricienne est composée des descendants de ces travailleurs engagés indiens.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1852\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cuisine-coolies-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1851\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vaisselle-coolies-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nCuisine reconstituée et vaisselles de travailleurs engagés, visibles à <em><strong> l\'Aapravasi Ghat. </strong></em>Précisons que ce type de vaisselle est toujours utilisée par de nombreux descendants de travailleurs indiens. Photos de l\'auteure.\r\n\r\nEn 1987, <em><strong>l’Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> a été inscrit au Patrimoine National. Il est également, depuis 2006, inscrit au Patrimoine Mondial de l’UNESCO. Lieu incontournable de l\'histoire mauricienne, il est le garant de la mémoire de tout un peuple dont l\'identité se construit et s\'enrichit chaque jour...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'arrivée des Coolies, une étape décisive dans l\'histoire mauricienne','','publish','open','open','','larrivee-des-coolies-une-etape-decisive-dans-lhistoire-mauricienne','','','2018-11-02 09:16:33','2018-11-02 05:16:33','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1845',0,'post','',0),(1846,2,'2018-11-01 08:40:34','2018-11-01 04:40:34','Le 1er février 1835 est aboli définitivement l\'esclavage à Maurice, mettant ainsi à tout un système discriminatoire et cruel d\'asservissement d\'êtres humains au profit du développement de l\'économie du sucre en Europe. Se pose, dès lors, le problème de la main d\'oeuvre pour les propriétaires terriens se retrouvant dépourvus de \"bras\" expérimentés pour cultiver la canne à sucre.\r\n\r\nLes autorités britanniques, administrant alors Maurice, se tournent tout naturellement vers les colonies, voyant dans celle-ci la solution à l\'apport d\'une nouvelle main d\'oeuvre à faible coût. Se développe ainsi une expérience, qui se répandra sur d\'autres continents faisant face aux mêmes préoccupations :<strong><em> l\'engagisme. </em></strong>\r\n\r\nEn réalité, Maurice fait face à la pénurie de main d\'oeuvre, devant les besoins croissants de l\'industrie sucrière dès les années 1820, bien que l\'abolition de l\'esclavage ne soit réellement appliquée qu\'une décennie plus tard. Profitant de sa position stratégique dans l\'Océan Indien, se trouvant au carrefour de l\'Afrique et de l\'Asie, Les Britanniques envisagèrent, dès la fin des années 1820, de recruter des ouvriers chinois, en provenance notamment de Penang et Singapour. Or, cette première expérience fut un échec, ces nouveaux travailleurs ne pouvant s\'adapter aux conditions de travail locales. Craignant qu\'un recrutement dans d\'autres pays d\'Afrique ne fut automatiquement associé à l\'esclavages, les autorités se tournent tout naturellement vers l\'Inde où les gouvernements locaux se montraient favorables à l\'engagement sous contrat de leurs ressortissants. Débute alors ce qu\'on nomma la <em><strong>Grande Expérience. </strong></em>Plus de 24 000 engagés indiens débarquent à Maurice entre 1834 et 1838. L\'<em><strong>Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> symbolise aujourd\'hui cette grande vague migratoire indienne.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em>, patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO : le symbole de tout un peuple\r\n\r\nSitué à Port Louis, <em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat - </strong></em> <em>Aapravasi</em> signifiant \"immigrant\" et <em>Ghat</em> le lieu où la terre et l’eau se rencontrent - fut construit en 1849 et accueillit des travailleurs engagés d\'Inde, de Chine, du Sud-Est asiatique, d\'Afrique de l\'est et de Madagascar. D\'abord nommé <em>Port Louis Depot</em> , il sera aussi connu comme <em>Immigration Depot </em>puis <em>Coolie Ghat</em>. Il ne prit son nom définitif qu\'en 1980. À leur arrivée, les <em>engagés</em> étaient conduits au bureau des administrateurs qui notaient leurs noms, leurs origines ethniques, géographiques, religieuses, familiales, etc. Ils restaient alors en quarantaine afin qu\'on vérifie qu\'ils n\'étaient atteints d\'aucune pathologies particulières (rappelons que beaucoup mourraient pendant la traversée ou arrivaient atteints de la malaria ou du choléra, maladies liées notamment aux conditions d\'hygiène épouvantables reignant sur les bateaux) et en attente de leur \"affectation\" sur une propriété sucrière, pour laquelle ils se devaient de travailler pour une durée déterminée par leur contrat. C\'est ainsi qu\'à la fin de celui-ci, plusieurs d\'entre eux décidèrent de rester défnitivement à Maurice, ayant souvent pu obtenir un lopin de terre en échange de la poursuite de leur travail ou eurent la capacité matérielle d\'en acheter une et d\'y travailler pour leur propre compte.<em> </em>Notons que<em> d</em>es descendants des travailleurs engagés appelèrent longtemps l<em><strong>\' Aapravasi Ghat, </strong></em>le <em>Ghat of destiny</em> , marquant ainsi l\'espoir de tout un peuple en quête d\'un avenir meilleur.\r\n\r\nEn 1924, le système d\'immigration de travailleurs engagés fut aboli suite aux conditions de vie épouvantables des travailleurs engagés qui soulevèrent l\'indignation de nombreuses personnalités, en Angleterre et en Inde, et qui avait déjà interrompu sa poursuite en1838, avant que l\'immigration indienne ne reprenne en 1842 mais, cette fois, sous contrôle gouvernemental.\r\n\r\nEn 1987, <em><strong>l’Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> a été inscrit au Patrimoine National. Il est, depuis 2006, inscrit au Patrimoine Mondial de l’UNESCO. Lieu incontournable de l\'histoire mauricienne, il est le garant de la mémoire de tout un peuple dont l\'identité se construit et s\'enrichit chaque jour...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'arrivée des Coolies, une étape décisive dans l\'histoire mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1845-revision-v1','','','2018-11-01 08:40:34','2018-11-01 04:40:34','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1845-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1847,2,'2018-11-01 08:54:40','2018-11-01 04:54:40','Nous fêtons, ce 2 novembre à Maurice, l\'arrivée des <em>Coolies </em>ou <em>travailleurs engagés. </em>L\'occasion de revenir sur certains points essentiels de ce tournant socio-culturel et économique de l\'histoire mauricienne.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'abolition de l\'esclavage, de nouveaux enjeux pour l\'industrie sucrière</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLe 1er février 1835 est aboli définitivement l\'esclavage à Maurice, mettant ainsi fin à tout un système discriminatoire et cruel d\'asservissement d\'êtres humains au profit du développement de l\'économie du sucre en Europe. Se pose, dès lors, le problème de la main d\'oeuvre pour les propriétaires terriens se retrouvant dépourvus de \"bras\" expérimentés pour cultiver la canne à sucre.\r\n\r\nLes autorités britanniques, administrant alors Maurice, se tournent tout naturellement vers les colonies, voyant dans celle-ci la solution à l\'apport d\'une nouvelle main d\'oeuvre à faible coût. Se développe ainsi une expérience, qui se répandra sur d\'autres continents faisant face aux mêmes préoccupations :<strong><em> l\'engagisme. </em></strong>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'engagisme ou la Grande Expérience</strong></em>\r\n\r\nEn réalité, Maurice fait face à la pénurie de main d\'oeuvre devant les besoins croissants de l\'industrie sucrière, dès les années 1820, bien que l\'abolition de l\'esclavage ne soit réellement appliquée qu\'une décennie plus tard. Profitant de a position stratégique de l\'île dans l\'Océan Indien, se trouvant au carrefour de l\'Afrique et de l\'Asie, Les Britanniques envisagèrent, dès la fin des années 1820, de recruter des ouvriers chinois, en provenance notamment de Penang et Singapour. Or, cette première expérience fut un échec, ces nouveaux travailleurs ne pouvant s\'adapter aux conditions de travail locales. Craignant qu\'un recrutement dans d\'autres pays d\'Afrique ne fut automatiquement associé à l\'esclavage, les autorités se tournent tout naturellement vers l\'Inde où les gouvernements locaux se montraient favorables à l\'engagement sous contrat de leurs ressortissants les plus pauvres. Débute alors ce qu\'on nomma la <em><strong>Grande Expérience. </strong></em>Plus de 24 000 engagés indiens débarquèrent à Maurice entre 1834 et 1838. L\'<em><strong>Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> symbolise aujourd\'hui cette grande vague migratoire indienne, qui se répandit néanmoins rapidement à d\'autres pays.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat, patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO : le symbole de tout un peuple</strong></em>\r\n\r\nSitué à Port Louis, <em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat - </strong></em> <em>Aapravasi</em> signifiant \"immigrant\" et <em>Ghat</em> le lieu où la terre et l’eau se rencontrent - fut construit en 1849 et accueillit des travailleurs engagés d\'Inde, de Chine, du Sud-Est asiatique, d\'Afrique de l\'est et de Madagascar. D\'abord nommé <em>Port Louis Depot</em> , il sera aussi connu comme <em>Immigration Depot </em>puis <em>Coolie Ghat</em>. Il ne prit son nom définitif qu\'en 1980. À leur arrivée, les <em>engagés</em> étaient conduits au bureau des administrateurs qui notaient leurs noms, leurs origines ethniques, géographiques, religieuses, familiales, etc. Ils restaient alors en quarantaine afin qu\'on vérifie qu\'ils n\'étaient atteints d\'aucune pathologies particulières (rappelons que beaucoup mourraient pendant la traversée ou arrivaient atteints de la malaria ou du choléra, maladies liées notamment aux conditions d\'hygiène déplorables reignant sur les bateaux) et en attente de leur \"affectation\" sur une propriété sucrière, pour laquelle ils se devaient de travailler pour une durée déterminée par leur contrat. C\'est ainsi qu\'à la fin de celui-ci, plusieurs d\'entre eux décidèrent de rester défnitivement à Maurice, ayant souvent pu obtenir un lopin de terre en échange de la poursuite de leur travail ou eurent la capacité matérielle d\'en acheter une et d\'y travailler pour leur propre compte.<em> </em>Notons que<em> </em>certains descendants des travailleurs engagés appelèrent longtemps l<em><strong>\' Aapravasi Ghat, </strong></em>le <em>Ghat of destiny</em> , marquant ainsi l\'espoir de tout un peuple en quête d\'un avenir meilleur.\r\n\r\nEn 1924, le système d\'immigration de travailleurs engagés fut aboli suite aux conditions de vie épouvantables des travailleurs engagés qui soulevèrent l\'indignation de nombreuses personnalités, en Angleterre et en Inde, et qui avait déjà interrompu sa poursuite en1838, avant que l\'immigration indienne ne reprenne en 1842 mais, cette fois, sous contrôle gouvernemental. Aujourd\'hui, plus de 70% de la population mauricienne est composée des descendants de ces travailleurs engagés.\r\n\r\nEn 1987, <em><strong>l’Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> a été inscrit au Patrimoine National. Il est également, depuis 2006, inscrit au Patrimoine Mondial de l’UNESCO. Lieu incontournable de l\'histoire mauricienne, il est le garant de la mémoire de tout un peuple dont l\'identité se construit et s\'enrichit chaque jour...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'arrivée des Coolies, une étape décisive dans l\'histoire mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1845-revision-v1','','','2018-11-01 08:54:40','2018-11-01 04:54:40','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1845-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1849,2,'2018-11-01 09:00:24','2018-11-01 05:00:24','','003','','inherit','open','closed','','003','','','2018-11-01 09:00:24','2018-11-01 05:00:24','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/003.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1850,2,'2018-11-01 09:00:35','2018-11-01 05:00:35','','Indentured 2','','inherit','open','closed','','indentured-2','','','2018-11-01 09:00:35','2018-11-01 05:00:35','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Indentured-2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1851,2,'2018-11-01 09:00:44','2018-11-01 05:00:44','','Vaisselle coolies','','inherit','open','closed','','vaisselle-coolies','','','2018-11-01 09:00:44','2018-11-01 05:00:44','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vaisselle-coolies.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1852,2,'2018-11-01 09:00:51','2018-11-01 05:00:51','','cuisine coolies','','inherit','open','closed','','cuisine-coolies','','','2018-11-01 09:00:51','2018-11-01 05:00:51','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cuisine-coolies.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1853,2,'2018-11-01 09:06:51','2018-11-01 05:06:51','Nous fêtons, ce 2 novembre à Maurice, l\'arrivée des <em>Coolies </em>ou <em>travailleurs engagés. </em>L\'occasion de revenir sur certains points essentiels de ce tournant socio-culturel et économique de l\'histoire mauricienne.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'abolition de l\'esclavage, de nouveaux enjeux pour l\'industrie sucrière</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLe 1er février 1835 est aboli définitivement l\'esclavage à Maurice, mettant ainsi fin à tout un système discriminatoire et cruel d\'asservissement d\'êtres humains au profit du développement de l\'économie du sucre en Europe. Se pose, dès lors, le problème de la main d\'oeuvre pour les propriétaires terriens se retrouvant dépourvus de \"bras\" expérimentés pour cultiver la canne à sucre.\r\n\r\nLes autorités britanniques, administrant alors Maurice, se tournent tout naturellement vers les colonies, voyant dans celle-ci la solution à l\'apport d\'une nouvelle main d\'oeuvre à faible coût. Se développe ainsi une expérience, qui se répandra sur d\'autres continents faisant face aux mêmes préoccupations :<strong><em> l\'engagisme. </em></strong>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'engagisme ou la Grande Expérience</strong></em>\r\n\r\nEn réalité, Maurice fait face à la pénurie de main d\'oeuvre devant les besoins croissants de l\'industrie sucrière, dès les années 1820, bien que l\'abolition de l\'esclavage ne soit réellement appliquée qu\'une décennie plus tard. Profitant de a position stratégique de l\'île dans l\'Océan Indien, se trouvant au carrefour de l\'Afrique et de l\'Asie, Les Britanniques envisagèrent, dès la fin des années 1820, de recruter des ouvriers chinois, en provenance notamment de Penang et Singapour. Or, cette première expérience fut un échec, ces nouveaux travailleurs ne pouvant s\'adapter aux conditions de travail locales. Craignant qu\'un recrutement dans d\'autres pays d\'Afrique ne fut automatiquement associé à l\'esclavage, les autorités se tournent tout naturellement vers l\'Inde où les gouvernements locaux se montraient favorables à l\'engagement sous contrat de leurs ressortissants les plus pauvres. Débute alors ce qu\'on nomma la <em><strong>Grande Expérience. </strong></em>Plus de 24 000 engagés indiens débarquèrent à Maurice entre 1834 et 1838. L\'<em><strong>Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> symbolise aujourd\'hui cette grande vague migratoire indienne, qui se répandit néanmoins rapidement à d\'autres pays.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1849\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/003-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1850\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Indentured-2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nEmpreintes de pieds, immigré indien. Portraits de quelques travailleurs engagés indiens.\r\n\r\n<em><strong> Aapravasi Ghat, </strong></em>photos de l\'auteure.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat, patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO : le symbole de tout un peuple</strong></em>\r\n\r\nSitué à Port Louis, <em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat - </strong></em> <em>Aapravasi</em> signifiant \"immigrant\" et <em>Ghat</em> le lieu où la terre et l’eau se rencontrent - fut construit en 1849 et accueillit des travailleurs engagés d\'Inde, de Chine, du Sud-Est asiatique, d\'Afrique de l\'est et de Madagascar. D\'abord nommé <em>Port Louis Depot</em> , il sera aussi connu comme <em>Immigration Depot </em>puis <em>Coolie Ghat</em>. Il ne prit son nom définitif qu\'en 1980. À leur arrivée, les <em>engagés</em> étaient conduits au bureau des administrateurs qui notaient leurs noms, leurs origines ethniques, géographiques, religieuses, familiales, etc. Ils restaient alors en quarantaine afin qu\'on vérifie qu\'ils n\'étaient atteints d\'aucune pathologies particulières (rappelons que beaucoup mourraient pendant la traversée ou arrivaient atteints de la malaria ou du choléra, maladies liées notamment aux conditions d\'hygiène déplorables reignant sur les bateaux) et en attente de leur \"affectation\" sur une propriété sucrière, pour laquelle ils se devaient de travailler pour une durée déterminée par leur contrat. C\'est ainsi qu\'à la fin de celui-ci, plusieurs d\'entre eux décidèrent de rester défnitivement à Maurice, ayant souvent pu obtenir un lopin de terre en échange de la poursuite de leur travail ou eurent la capacité matérielle d\'en acheter une et d\'y travailler pour leur propre compte.<em> </em>Notons que<em> </em>certains descendants des travailleurs engagés appelèrent longtemps l<em><strong>\' Aapravasi Ghat, </strong></em>le <em>Ghat of destiny</em> , marquant ainsi l\'espoir de tout un peuple en quête d\'un avenir meilleur.\r\n\r\nEn 1924, le système d\'immigration de travailleurs engagés fut aboli suite aux conditions de vie épouvantables des travailleurs engagés qui soulevèrent l\'indignation de nombreuses personnalités, en Angleterre et en Inde, et qui avait déjà interrompu sa poursuite en1838, avant que l\'immigration indienne ne reprenne en 1842 mais, cette fois, sous contrôle gouvernemental. Aujourd\'hui, plus de 70% de la population mauricienne est composée des descendants de ces travailleurs engagés.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1852\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cuisine-coolies-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1851\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vaisselle-coolies-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nCuisine reconstituée et vaisselles de travailleurs engagés, visibles à <em><strong> l\'Aapravasi Ghat. </strong></em><strong></strong>Précisons de que ce type de vaisselle est toujours utilisée par de nombreux descendants de travailleurs indiens. Photos de l\'auteure.\r\n\r\nEn 1987, <em><strong>l’Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> a été inscrit au Patrimoine National. Il est également, depuis 2006, inscrit au Patrimoine Mondial de l’UNESCO. Lieu incontournable de l\'histoire mauricienne, il est le garant de la mémoire de tout un peuple dont l\'identité se construit et s\'enrichit chaque jour...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'arrivée des Coolies, une étape décisive dans l\'histoire mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1845-revision-v1','','','2018-11-01 09:06:51','2018-11-01 05:06:51','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1845-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1854,2,'2018-11-02 09:11:54','2018-11-02 05:11:54','Nous fêtons, ce 2 novembre à Maurice, l\'arrivée des <em>Coolies </em>ou <em>travailleurs engagés. </em>L\'occasion de revenir sur certains points essentiels de ce tournant socio-culturel et économique de l\'histoire mauricienne.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'abolition de l\'esclavage, de nouveaux enjeux pour l\'industrie sucrière</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLe 1er février 1835 est aboli définitivement l\'esclavage à Maurice, mettant ainsi fin à tout un système discriminatoire et cruel d\'asservissement d\'êtres humains au profit du développement de l\'économie du sucre en Europe. Se pose, dès lors, le problème de la main d\'oeuvre pour les propriétaires terriens se retrouvant dépourvus de \"bras\" expérimentés pour cultiver la canne à sucre.\r\n\r\nLes autorités britanniques, administrant alors Maurice, se tournent tout naturellement vers leus colonies, voyant dans celles-ci la solution à l\'apport d\'une nouvelle main d\'oeuvre à faible coût. Se développe ainsi une expérience, qui se répandra sur d\'autres continents faisant face aux mêmes préoccupations :<strong><em> l\'engagisme. </em></strong>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'engagisme ou la Grande Expérience</strong></em>\r\n\r\nEn réalité, Maurice fait face à la pénurie de travailleurs de la canne devant les besoins croissants de l\'industrie sucrière, dès les années 1820, bien que l\'abolition de l\'esclavage ne soit réellement appliquée qu\'une décennie plus tard. Profitant de la position stratégique de l\'île dans l\'Océan Indien, se trouvant au carrefour de l\'Afrique et de l\'Asie, Les Britanniques envisagèrent, dès la fin des années 1820, de recruter des ouvriers chinois, en provenance notamment de Penang et Singapour. Or, cette première expérience fut un échec, ces nouveaux travailleurs ne pouvant s\'adapter aux conditions de travail locales. Craignant qu\'un recrutement dans d\'autres pays d\'Afrique ne fut automatiquement associé à l\'esclavage, les autorités se tournent tout naturellement vers l\'Inde, où les gouvernements locaux se montraient favorables à l\'engagement sous contrat de leurs ressortissants les plus pauvres. Débute alors ce qu\'on nomma la <em><strong>Grande Expérience. </strong></em>Plus de 24 000 engagés indiens débarquèrent à Maurice entre 1834 et 1838. L\'<em><strong>Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> symbolise aujourd\'hui cette grande vague migratoire indienne, qui se répandit néanmoins rapidement à d\'autres pays.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1849\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/003-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1850\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Indentured-2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nEmpreintes de pieds, immigré indien. Portraits de quelques travailleurs engagés indiens.\r\n\r\n<em><strong> Aapravasi Ghat, </strong></em>photos de l\'auteure.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat, patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO : le symbole de tout un peuple</strong></em>\r\n\r\nSitué à Port Louis, <em><strong>L\' Aapravasi Ghat - </strong></em> <em>Aapravasi</em> signifiant \"immigrant\" et <em>Ghat</em> le lieu où la terre et l’eau se rencontrent - fut construit en 1849 et accueillit des travailleurs engagés d\'Inde, de Chine, du Sud-Est asiatique, d\'Afrique de l\'est et de Madagascar. D\'abord nommé <em>Port Louis Depot</em> , il sera aussi connu comme <em>Immigration Depot </em>puis <em>Coolie Ghat</em>. Il ne prit son nom définitif qu\'en 1980. À leur arrivée, les <em>engagés</em> étaient conduits au bureau des administrateurs qui notaient leurs noms, leurs origines ethniques, géographiques, religieuses, familiales, etc. Ils restaient alors en quarantaine afin qu\'on vérifie qu\'ils n\'étaient atteints d\'aucune pathologie particulière (rappelons que beaucoup mourraient pendant la traversée ou arrivaient atteints de la malaria ou du choléra, maladies liées notamment aux conditions d\'hygiène déplorables reignant sur les bateaux) et en attente de leur \"affectation\" sur une propriété sucrière, pour laquelle ils se devaient de travailler pour une durée déterminée par leur contrat. C\'est ainsi qu\'à la fin de celui-ci, plusieurs d\'entre eux décidèrent de rester définitivement à Maurice, ayant souvent pu obtenir un lopin de terre en échange de la poursuite de leur travail ou eurent la capacité matérielle d\'en acheter une et d\'y travailler pour leur propre compte.<em> </em>Notons que<em> </em>certains descendants des travailleurs engagés appelèrent longtemps l<em><strong>\' Aapravasi Ghat, </strong></em>le <em>Ghat of destiny</em> , marquant ainsi l\'espoir de tout un peuple en quête d\'un avenir meilleur.\r\n\r\nEn 1924, le système d\'immigration de travailleurs engagés fut aboli suite aux conditions de vie épouvantables de ceux-ci. Ces conditions soulevèrent l\'indignation de nombreuses personnalités, en Angleterre et en Inde, interrompant déjà la poursuite de ce système une première fois, en1838, avant que l\'immigration indienne ne reprenne en 1842 mais, cette fois, sous contrôle gouvernemental. Aujourd\'hui, plus de 70% de la population mauricienne est composée des descendants de ces travailleurs engagés indiens.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1852\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/cuisine-coolies-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1851\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Vaisselle-coolies-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nCuisine reconstituée et vaisselles de travailleurs engagés, visibles à <em><strong> l\'Aapravasi Ghat. </strong></em>Précisons que ce type de vaisselle est toujours utilisée par de nombreux descendants de travailleurs indiens. Photos de l\'auteure.\r\n\r\nEn 1987, <em><strong>l’Aapravasi Ghat</strong></em> a été inscrit au Patrimoine National. Il est également, depuis 2006, inscrit au Patrimoine Mondial de l’UNESCO. Lieu incontournable de l\'histoire mauricienne, il est le garant de la mémoire de tout un peuple dont l\'identité se construit et s\'enrichit chaque jour...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','L\'arrivée des Coolies, une étape décisive dans l\'histoire mauricienne','','inherit','closed','closed','','1845-revision-v1','','','2018-11-02 09:11:54','2018-11-02 05:11:54','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1845-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1855,2,'2018-11-02 09:16:18','2018-11-02 05:16:18','','Indentured-Labourers-Indian-Immigrants-1930s','','inherit','open','closed','','indentured-labourers-indian-immigrants-1930s','','','2018-11-02 09:16:18','2018-11-02 05:16:18','',1845,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Indentured-Labourers-Indian-Immigrants-1930s.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1856,2,'2018-11-07 12:18:36','2018-11-07 08:18:36',' \n\n<em><strong>Divali, la naissance d\'un mythe</strong></em>\n\n<em>Deepavali </em>ou, dans sa forme contractée<em>, Divali, </em>signifiant littéralement en sanscrit \"rangée de lampes\", est une fête très importante dans le calendrier hindou. Cette fête est à relier à celle de <em>Dussehra,</em> qui a lieu 20 jours auparavant et qui célèbre la victoire du dieu Rama sur le démon Ravana, alors roi du Sri Lanka, qui enleva et séquestra Sita, l\'épouse de Rama, tel que le relate la fresque épique du <em>Ramayana</em>. Afin de délivrer sa bien-aimée, Rama fit appel à ses alliés du peuple singe et particulièrement à son ministre, le dieu Hanuman. Victorieux et enfin libres, Rama et Sita purent enfin, au bout de 14 ans d\'exil, retourner dans leur royaume d\'<em>Ayodhya</em> (d\'où Rama avait été chassé par son père et sa belle-mère)<em> </em>où une multitude de lampes à l\'huile, ou <em>diya, </em>furent allumées, par les habitants des diffférentes contrées qu\'ils traversèrent, afin de célébrer leur retour*.\n\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1857 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rama-sita-Hanuman-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Rama, Sita, Hanuman et Lakshamana (demi-frère de Rama)</em></p>\n <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1858\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/800px-Diwali_Diya-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"200\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1859\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Divali-India-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"195\">\n\nLampe à l\'huile ou <em>Diya </em>Célébration <em>Divali</em> au bord du Grange en Inde.\n\n \n\n<em><strong>Divali ou la victoire de la lumière sur les ténèbres</strong></em>\n\nC\'est ainsi que naquit la fête de Divali, célébrant cette victoire de Rama sur le mal, de la lumière sur les ténèbres et, par extension, de la connaissance et la vérité sur l\'ignorance et le mensonge. La signification de cette célébration se retrouvent aussi chez les <em>Sikhs </em>et les <em>Jaïns</em>, dont les références historiques sont toutefois différentes.\n\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-1861 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Fête-Divali-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\">\n\n<em><strong>Célébration de Divali à Maurice</strong></em>\n\nÀ Maurice, la célébration de <em>Divali</em>, fêtée par toute la communauté hindoue, fait suite à des longues semaines de préparation où chacun s\'affaire à nettoyer chaque recoin de sa demeure, s\'achète de nouveaux vêtements pour l\'occasion et organise les <em>pujas</em> (prières de 5 jours), notammment celle du 3ème jour, prière pour Ganesh et Lakshmi, cettte dernière étant censée, d\'après certaines croyances populaires, visiter elle-même les habitations en ce jour particulier qui lui est dédié, attirant ainsi prospérité sur l\'ensemble de la maisonnée. La réalisation de <em>Rangolis </em>- décorations réalisées à base de farine de riz coloré - sont un signe visible d\'invitation pour la déesse et de ses bénédictions, écartant les mauvais esprits, mais aussi pour tout visiteur à qui on offrira hospitalité et friandises. En effet, plusieurs gâteaux indiens sont préparés pour l\'occasion,tels que les <em>ladoos</em> ou <em>Gulab jamun</em> et offerts pour le plus grand bonheur des gourmands!\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1862\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rangoli-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1863\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Gulab-jamun.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"348\" height=\"218\">\n\n<em> Rangoli </em>illuminé par les lampes <em>Gulab jamun indiens</em>\n\nA travers tout l\'île, les villes et villages se parent de lumières et brillent de mille feux, chacun rivalisant d\'astuces pour illuminer sa maison - les lumières électriques de diverses formes et couleur venant compléter les lampes à huile de terre cuite traditionnellement utilisées - et accueillir les visiteurs, offrant un spectacle grandiose et unique, laissant le spectateur ébahi par tant de beauté, retrouvant, l\'espace d\'un instant, la magie de ses rêves d\'enfant...\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1864\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Maison-triolet.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"177\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1866\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/divali-a-l-ile-maurice-2-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"173\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Habitations Triolet, Mauritius</p>\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1867 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/France-2015-021-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n*Ce mythe est relativement \"récent\" dans l\'histoire de l\'hindouisme. Rama étant l\'avatar du dieu <em>Vishnu</em> et sa femme <em>Sita</em>, celui de la déesse <em>Lakshmi, </em>qui sont, par transposition, issus des anciennes divinités aryennes trimurtiques : <em>Agni </em>(le feu), Vayu (le vent) et Surya (le soleil).','Divali ou la victoire de la lumière...','','publish','open','open','','divali-ou-la-victoire-de-la-lumiere','','','2023-11-12 00:22:55','2023-11-11 20:22:55','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1856',0,'post','',0),(1857,2,'2018-11-07 11:52:31','2018-11-07 07:52:31','','Rama, sita, Hanuman','','inherit','open','closed','','rama-sita-hanuman','','','2018-11-07 11:52:31','2018-11-07 07:52:31','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rama-sita-Hanuman.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1858,2,'2018-11-07 11:53:52','2018-11-07 07:53:52','','800px-Diwali_Diya','','inherit','open','closed','','800px-diwali_diya','','','2018-11-07 11:53:52','2018-11-07 07:53:52','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/800px-Diwali_Diya.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1859,2,'2018-11-07 11:54:36','2018-11-07 07:54:36','','Divali India','','inherit','open','closed','','divali-india','','','2018-11-07 11:54:36','2018-11-07 07:54:36','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Divali-India.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1860,2,'2018-11-07 11:59:32','2018-11-07 07:59:32','<em><strong>Divali, la naissance d\'un mythe</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Deepavali </em>ou, dans sa forme contactée<em>, Divali, </em>signifiant littéralement en sanscrit \"rangée de lampes\", est une fête très importante dans le calendrier hindou. Cette fête est à relier à celle de <em>Dussehra,</em> qui a lieu 20 jours auparavant et qui célèbre la victoire du dieu Rama sur le démon Ravana, alors roi du Sri Lanka, qui enleva séquestra Sita, l\'épouse de Rama, tel que le relate la fresque épique du <em>Ramayana</em>. Afin de délivrer sa bien-aimée, Rama fit appel à ses alliés du peuple singe et particulièrement à son ministre, le dieu Hanouman. Victorieux et enfin libres, Rama et Sita purent enfin, au bout de 14 ans d\'exil, retourner dans leur royaume d\'<em>Ayodhya</em> (d\'où il avait été chassé par son père et sa belle-mère)<em> </em>où une multitude de lampes à l\'huile, ou <em>diya, </em>furent allumées, par les habitants des diffférentes contrées qu\'ils traversèrent, afin de célébrer leur retour*.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1857\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rama-sita-Hanuman-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Rama, Sita, Hanuman et Lakshamana </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1858\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/800px-Diwali_Diya-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1859\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Divali-India-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"195\" />\r\n\r\nLampe à l\'huile ou <em>Diya </em>Célébration <em>Divali</em> au bord du Grange en Inde.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em><strong>Divali ou la victoire de la lumière sur les ténèbres</strong></em>\r\n\r\nC\'est ainsi que naquit la fête de Divali, célébrant cette victoire de Rama sur le mal, de la lumière sur les ténèbres et, par extension, de la connaissance et la vérité sur l\'ignorance et le mensonge. Cette signification est célébration se retrouvent chez les <em>Sikhs </em>et les Jaïns, dont les références historiques sont toutefois différentes.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration de Divali à Maurice</strong></em>\r\n\r\nA Maurice, la célébration de <em>Divali</em>, fêtée par toute la communauté hindoue, fait suite à des longues semaines de préparation où chacun s\'affaire à nettoyer chaque recoin de sa demeure, s\'achète de nouveaux vêtements pour l\'occasion et organise les <em>pujas</em> (prières de 5 jours), notammment celle du 3ème jour, prière de Ganesh et Lakshmi, cettte dernière étant censée, d\'après certaines croyances populaires, visiter ellle-même les habitations en ce jour particulier qui lui est dédié, attirant ainsi prospérité sur l\'ensemble de la maionnée. La réalisation de <em>Rangoli </em>- décorations réalisées à base de farine de riz coloré - sont un signe visible d\'invitation de la déesse et de ses bénédictions, écartant les mauvais esprits, mais aussi de tout visiteur à qui on offrira hospitalité et friandises. En effet, plusieurs gâteaux indiens sont préparés pour l\'occasion,tels que les <em>ladoos</em> ou <em>Gulab jamun</em> et offerts pour le plus grand bonheur des gourmands!\r\n\r\nA travers tout l\'île, les villes et villages se parent de lumières et brillent de mille feux, chacun rivalisant d\'astuces pour illuminer sa maison - les lumières électriques de diverses formes et couleur venant compléter les lampes à huile de terre cuite - et accueillir les visiteurs, nous offrant un spectacle grandiose et unique, laissant le spectateur ébahi par tant de beauté, retrouvant, l\'espace d\'un instant, la magie de ses rêves d\'enfant...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n*Ce mythe est relativement \"récent\" dans l\'histoire de l\'hindouisme. Rama étant l\'avatar du dieu <em>Vishnu</em> et sa femme <em>Sita</em>, celui de la déesse <em>Lakshmi, </em>et, par transposition, issus des anciennes divinités aryennes trimurtiques : <em>Agni </em>(le feu), Vayu (le vent) et Surya (le soleil).','Divali ou la victoire de la lumière...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1856-revision-v1','','','2018-11-07 11:59:32','2018-11-07 07:59:32','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1856-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1861,2,'2018-11-07 12:02:05','2018-11-07 08:02:05','','Fête Divali 1','','inherit','open','closed','','fete-divali-1','','','2018-11-07 12:02:05','2018-11-07 08:02:05','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Fête-Divali-1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1862,2,'2018-11-07 12:03:01','2018-11-07 08:03:01','','Rangoli','','inherit','open','closed','','rangoli','','','2018-11-07 12:03:01','2018-11-07 08:03:01','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rangoli.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1863,2,'2018-11-07 12:03:16','2018-11-07 08:03:16','','Gulab jamun','','inherit','open','closed','','gulab-jamun','','','2018-11-07 12:03:16','2018-11-07 08:03:16','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Gulab-jamun.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1864,2,'2018-11-07 12:04:35','2018-11-07 08:04:35','','Maison triolet','','inherit','open','closed','','maison-triolet','','','2018-11-07 12:04:35','2018-11-07 08:04:35','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Maison-triolet.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1865,2,'2018-11-07 12:04:55','2018-11-07 08:04:55','','Divali 2','','inherit','open','closed','','divali-2','','','2018-11-07 12:04:55','2018-11-07 08:04:55','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Divali-2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1866,2,'2018-11-07 12:05:29','2018-11-07 08:05:29','','divali-a-l-ile-maurice (2)','','inherit','open','closed','','divali-a-l-ile-maurice-2','','','2018-11-07 12:05:29','2018-11-07 08:05:29','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/divali-a-l-ile-maurice-2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0);
INSERT INTO `wp_posts` VALUES (1867,2,'2018-11-07 12:07:22','2018-11-07 08:07:22','','France 2015 021','','inherit','open','closed','','france-2015-021','','','2018-11-07 12:07:22','2018-11-07 08:07:22','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/France-2015-021.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1868,2,'2018-11-07 12:18:06','2018-11-07 08:18:06','','deepawali-diyas','','inherit','open','closed','','deepawali-diyas','','','2018-11-07 12:18:06','2018-11-07 08:18:06','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/deepawali-diyas.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1869,2,'2018-11-07 12:18:36','2018-11-07 08:18:36',' \r\n\r\n<em><strong>Divali, la naissance d\'un mythe</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Deepavali </em>ou, dans sa forme contactée<em>, Divali, </em>signifiant littéralement en sanscrit \"rangée de lampes\", est une fête très importante dans le calendrier hindou. Cette fête est à relier à celle de <em>Dussehra,</em> qui a lieu 20 jours auparavant et qui célèbre la victoire du dieu Rama sur le démon Ravana, alors roi du Sri Lanka, qui enleva séquestra Sita, l\'épouse de Rama, tel que le relate la fresque épique du <em>Ramayana</em>. Afin de délivrer sa bien-aimée, Rama fit appel à ses alliés du peuple singe et particulièrement à son ministre, le dieu Hanouman. Victorieux et enfin libres, Rama et Sita purent enfin, au bout de 14 ans d\'exil, retourner dans leur royaume d\'<em>Ayodhya</em> (d\'où il avait été chassé par son père et sa belle-mère)<em> </em>où une multitude de lampes à l\'huile, ou <em>diya, </em>furent allumées, par les habitants des diffférentes contrées qu\'ils traversèrent, afin de célébrer leur retour*.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1857 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rama-sita-Hanuman-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Rama, Sita, Hanuman et Lakshamana </em></p>\r\n <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1858\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/800px-Diwali_Diya-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1859\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Divali-India-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"195\" />\r\n\r\nLampe à l\'huile ou <em>Diya </em>Célébration <em>Divali</em> au bord du Grange en Inde.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em><strong>Divali ou la victoire de la lumière sur les ténèbres</strong></em>\r\n\r\nC\'est ainsi que naquit la fête de Divali, célébrant cette victoire de Rama sur le mal, de la lumière sur les ténèbres et, par extension, de la connaissance et la vérité sur l\'ignorance et le mensonge. Cette signification est célébration se retrouvent chez les <em>Sikhs </em>et les Jaïns, dont les références historiques sont toutefois différentes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-1861 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Fête-Divali-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration de Divali à Maurice</strong></em>\r\n\r\nA Maurice, la célébration de <em>Divali</em>, fêtée par toute la communauté hindoue, fait suite à des longues semaines de préparation où chacun s\'affaire à nettoyer chaque recoin de sa demeure, s\'achète de nouveaux vêtements pour l\'occasion et organise les <em>pujas</em> (prières de 5 jours), notammment celle du 3ème jour, prière de Ganesh et Lakshmi, cettte dernière étant censée, d\'après certaines croyances populaires, visiter ellle-même les habitations en ce jour particulier qui lui est dédié, attirant ainsi prospérité sur l\'ensemble de la maionnée. La réalisation de <em>Rangoli </em>- décorations réalisées à base de farine de riz coloré - sont un signe visible d\'invitation de la déesse et de ses bénédictions, écartant les mauvais esprits, mais aussi de tout visiteur à qui on offrira hospitalité et friandises. En effet, plusieurs gâteaux indiens sont préparés pour l\'occasion,tels que les <em>ladoos</em> ou <em>Gulab jamun</em> et offerts pour le plus grand bonheur des gourmands!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1862\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rangoli-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1863\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Gulab-jamun.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"348\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Rangoli </em>illuminé par les lampes <em>Gulab jamun</em>\r\n\r\nA travers tout l\'île, les villes et villages se parent de lumières et brillent de mille feux, chacun rivalisant d\'astuces pour illuminer sa maison - les lumières électriques de diverses formes et couleur venant compléter les lampes à huile de terre cuite - et accueillir les visiteurs, nous offrant un spectacle grandiose et unique, laissant le spectateur ébahi par tant de beauté, retrouvant, l\'espace d\'un instant, la magie de ses rêves d\'enfant...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1864\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Maison-triolet.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"177\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1866\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/divali-a-l-ile-maurice-2-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"173\" />\r\n\r\nHabitations Triolet, Mauritius\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1867 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/France-2015-021-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n*Ce mythe est relativement \"récent\" dans l\'histoire de l\'hindouisme. Rama étant l\'avatar du dieu <em>Vishnu</em> et sa femme <em>Sita</em>, celui de la déesse <em>Lakshmi, </em>et, par transposition, issus des anciennes divinités aryennes trimurtiques : <em>Agni </em>(le feu), Vayu (le vent) et Surya (le soleil).','Divali ou la victoire de la lumière...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1856-revision-v1','','','2018-11-07 12:18:36','2018-11-07 08:18:36','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1856-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1871,2,'2018-11-08 01:50:30','2018-11-07 21:50:30',' \r\n\r\n<em><strong>Divali, la naissance d\'un mythe</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Deepavali </em>ou, dans sa forme contractée<em>, Divali, </em>signifiant littéralement en sanscrit \"rangée de lampes\", est une fête très importante dans le calendrier hindou. Cette fête est à relier à celle de <em>Dussehra,</em> qui a lieu 20 jours auparavant et qui célèbre la victoire du dieu Rama sur le démon Ravana, alors roi du Sri Lanka, qui enleva et séquestra Sita, l\'épouse de Rama, tel que le relate la fresque épique du <em>Ramayana</em>. Afin de délivrer sa bien-aimée, Rama fit appel à ses alliés du peuple singe et particulièrement à son ministre, le dieu Hanouman. Victorieux et enfin libres, Rama et Sita purent enfin, au bout de 14 ans d\'exil, retourner dans leur royaume d\'<em>Ayodhya</em> (d\'où Rama avait été chassé par son père et sa belle-mère)<em> </em>où une multitude de lampes à l\'huile, ou <em>diya, </em>furent allumées, par les habitants des diffférentes contrées qu\'ils traversèrent, afin de célébrer leur retour*.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1857 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rama-sita-Hanuman-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Rama, Sita, Hanuman et Lakshamana (demi-frère de Rama)</em></p>\r\n <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1858\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/800px-Diwali_Diya-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1859\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Divali-India-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"195\" />\r\n\r\nLampe à l\'huile ou <em>Diya </em>Célébration <em>Divali</em> au bord du Grange en Inde.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em><strong>Divali ou la victoire de la lumière sur les ténèbres</strong></em>\r\n\r\nC\'est ainsi que naquit la fête de Divali, célébrant cette victoire de Rama sur le mal, de la lumière sur les ténèbres et, par extension, de la connaissance et la vérité sur l\'ignorance et le mensonge. La signification de cette célébration se retrouvent aussi chez les <em>Sikhs </em>et les Jaïns, dont les références historiques sont toutefois différentes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-1861 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Fête-Divali-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration de Divali à Maurice</strong></em>\r\n\r\nA Maurice, la célébration de <em>Divali</em>, fêtée par toute la communauté hindoue, fait suite à des longues semaines de préparation où chacun s\'affaire à nettoyer chaque recoin de sa demeure, s\'achète de nouveaux vêtements pour l\'occasion et organise les <em>pujas</em> (prières de 5 jours), notammment celle du 3ème jour, prière pour Ganesh et Lakshmi, cettte dernière étant censée, d\'après certaines croyances populaires, visiter elle-même les habitations en ce jour particulier qui lui est dédié, attirant ainsi prospérité sur l\'ensemble de la maisonnée. La réalisation de <em>Rangolis </em>- décorations réalisées à base de farine de riz coloré - sont un signe visible d\'invitation de la déesse et de ses bénédictions, écartant les mauvais esprits, mais aussi de tout visiteur à qui on offrira hospitalité et friandises. En effet, plusieurs gâteaux indiens sont préparés pour l\'occasion,tels que les <em>ladoos</em> ou <em>Gulab jamun</em> et offerts pour le plus grand bonheur des gourmands!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1862\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rangoli-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1863\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Gulab-jamun.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"348\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\n<em> Rangoli </em>illuminé par les lampes <em>Gulab jamun indiens</em>\r\n\r\nA travers tout l\'île, les villes et villages se parent de lumières et brillent de mille feux, chacun rivalisant d\'astuces pour illuminer sa maison - les lumières électriques de diverses formes et couleur venant compléter les lampes à huile de terre cuite traditionnellement utilisées - et accueillir les visiteurs, offrant un spectacle grandiose et unique, laissant le spectateur ébahi par tant de beauté, retrouvant, l\'espace d\'un instant, la magie de ses rêves d\'enfant...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1864\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Maison-triolet.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"177\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1866\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/divali-a-l-ile-maurice-2-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"173\" />\r\n\r\nHabitations Triolet, Mauritius\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1867 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/France-2015-021-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n*Ce mythe est relativement \"récent\" dans l\'histoire de l\'hindouisme. Rama étant l\'avatar du dieu <em>Vishnu</em> et sa femme <em>Sita</em>, celui de la déesse <em>Lakshmi, </em>qui sont, par transposition, issus des anciennes divinités aryennes trimurtiques : <em>Agni </em>(le feu), Vayu (le vent) et Surya (le soleil).','Divali ou la victoire de la lumière...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1856-revision-v1','','','2018-11-08 01:50:30','2018-11-07 21:50:30','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1856-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1872,2,'2018-11-20 22:42:24','2018-11-20 18:42:24',' \r\n\r\n<em><strong>Divali, la naissance d\'un mythe</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Deepavali </em>ou, dans sa forme contractée<em>, Divali, </em>signifiant littéralement en sanscrit \"rangée de lampes\", est une fête très importante dans le calendrier hindou. Cette fête est à relier à celle de <em>Dussehra,</em> qui a lieu 20 jours auparavant et qui célèbre la victoire du dieu Rama sur le démon Ravana, alors roi du Sri Lanka, qui enleva et séquestra Sita, l\'épouse de Rama, tel que le relate la fresque épique du <em>Ramayana</em>. Afin de délivrer sa bien-aimée, Rama fit appel à ses alliés du peuple singe et particulièrement à son ministre, le dieu Hanuman. Victorieux et enfin libres, Rama et Sita purent enfin, au bout de 14 ans d\'exil, retourner dans leur royaume d\'<em>Ayodhya</em> (d\'où Rama avait été chassé par son père et sa belle-mère)<em> </em>où une multitude de lampes à l\'huile, ou <em>diya, </em>furent allumées, par les habitants des diffférentes contrées qu\'ils traversèrent, afin de célébrer leur retour*.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1857 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rama-sita-Hanuman-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Rama, Sita, Hanuman et Lakshamana (demi-frère de Rama)</em></p>\r\n <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1858\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/800px-Diwali_Diya-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1859\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Divali-India-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"195\" />\r\n\r\nLampe à l\'huile ou <em>Diya </em>Célébration <em>Divali</em> au bord du Grange en Inde.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em><strong>Divali ou la victoire de la lumière sur les ténèbres</strong></em>\r\n\r\nC\'est ainsi que naquit la fête de Divali, célébrant cette victoire de Rama sur le mal, de la lumière sur les ténèbres et, par extension, de la connaissance et la vérité sur l\'ignorance et le mensonge. La signification de cette célébration se retrouvent aussi chez les <em>Sikhs </em>et les <em>Jaïns</em>, dont les références historiques sont toutefois différentes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-1861 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Fête-Divali-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration de Divali à Maurice</strong></em>\r\n\r\nÀ Maurice, la célébration de <em>Divali</em>, fêtée par toute la communauté hindoue, fait suite à des longues semaines de préparation où chacun s\'affaire à nettoyer chaque recoin de sa demeure, s\'achète de nouveaux vêtements pour l\'occasion et organise les <em>pujas</em> (prières de 5 jours), notammment celle du 3ème jour, prière pour Ganesh et Lakshmi, cettte dernière étant censée, d\'après certaines croyances populaires, visiter elle-même les habitations en ce jour particulier qui lui est dédié, attirant ainsi prospérité sur l\'ensemble de la maisonnée. La réalisation de <em>Rangolis </em>- décorations réalisées à base de farine de riz coloré - sont un signe visible d\'invitation pour la déesse et de ses bénédictions, écartant les mauvais esprits, mais aussi pour tout visiteur à qui on offrira hospitalité et friandises. En effet, plusieurs gâteaux indiens sont préparés pour l\'occasion,tels que les <em>ladoos</em> ou <em>Gulab jamun</em> et offerts pour le plus grand bonheur des gourmands!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1862\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rangoli-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1863\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Gulab-jamun.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"348\" height=\"218\" />\r\n\r\n<em> Rangoli </em>illuminé par les lampes <em>Gulab jamun indiens</em>\r\n\r\nA travers tout l\'île, les villes et villages se parent de lumières et brillent de mille feux, chacun rivalisant d\'astuces pour illuminer sa maison - les lumières électriques de diverses formes et couleur venant compléter les lampes à huile de terre cuite traditionnellement utilisées - et accueillir les visiteurs, offrant un spectacle grandiose et unique, laissant le spectateur ébahi par tant de beauté, retrouvant, l\'espace d\'un instant, la magie de ses rêves d\'enfant...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1864\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Maison-triolet.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"177\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1866\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/divali-a-l-ile-maurice-2-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"173\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Habitations Triolet, Mauritius</p>\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1867 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/France-2015-021-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n*Ce mythe est relativement \"récent\" dans l\'histoire de l\'hindouisme. Rama étant l\'avatar du dieu <em>Vishnu</em> et sa femme <em>Sita</em>, celui de la déesse <em>Lakshmi, </em>qui sont, par transposition, issus des anciennes divinités aryennes trimurtiques : <em>Agni </em>(le feu), Vayu (le vent) et Surya (le soleil).','Divali ou la victoire de la lumière...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1856-revision-v1','','','2018-11-20 22:42:24','2018-11-20 18:42:24','',1856,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1856-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1873,2,'2018-12-28 17:54:41','2018-12-28 13:54:41','Noël, fête incontournable de l\'année, rimant avec féérie et joie, est une date incontournable du calendrier chrétien. Mais savez-vous quelles sont les origines de cette célébration et pourquoi lui associe-t-on des végétaux tels que le sapin?\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les origines païennes de Noël</em></strong>\r\n\r\nOn ne le répétera jamais assez, le 25 décembre n\'est nullement la date de naissance du Christ. En effet, d\'après les experts, celle-ci se situerait plutôt autour du mois de mars ou d\'avril de notre calendrier actuel*. En réalité, la fête de la Nativité, fixée au 25 déccembre, est à rapprocher de celle des <em>Saturnales romaines, </em>célébrant l\'avènement du solstice d\'hiver et le dieu Saturne. Très populaires dans la Rome antique, les <em>Saturnales </em>étaient l\'occasion de s\'affranchir des règles sociales - tout comme les fêtes carnavalesques - et d\'organiser de grands repas au cours desquels on échangeait des cadeaux, notamment en donnant des figurines aux enfants, et où l\'on paraît sa maison de différents ornements végétaux tels que le houx ou le gui.\r\n\r\nAu VIème siècle, le moine Denys le Petit tente de calculer la date de naissance du Christ. Fixant le jour de l\'annonciation au 25 mars, il calcule logiquement la naissance de Jesus 9 mois plus tard, à savoir le 25 décembre. Ce rapprochement avec les <em>Saturnales romaines</em> permet alors à l\'Église d\'imposer plus aisément la célébration de la Nativité à cette date, puisque largement associée à des rituels festifs importants dans la vie quotidienne et l\'inconscient collectif des populations européenes d\'alors, progressivement converties au culte judéo-chrétien, rituels païens et chrétiens se confondant, au fil du temps, en une même et seule fête.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La magie des plantes</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<strong>\"Mon beau sapin, roi des forêts...\"</strong> Oui, s\'il est bien un incontournable à Noël, c\'est certainement le sapin! Ornant traditionnellement les habitats en Allemagne et en Scandinavie dès les XVème siècle, le sapin s\'impose comme le symbole des célébrations de Noël en France, début XVIII ème siècle, ainsi que dans le reste de l\'Europe. Toujours fourni et vert même durant la période hivernale, il incarne la victoire de la lumière sur les ténébres, du renouveau de la Nature face à la mort relative imposée à la faune et la flore, durant les longs mois d\'hiver.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1874\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1875\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1879\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Déclinaison de sapins, du naturel Nordmann au sapin de bois, en passant par les sapins colorés tendance.</em>\r\n\r\nIl est rapidement décoré et orné de bougie et de fruits, tels que la pomme, rouge et brillante, ancêtre des boules de Noël, qui la remplaceront pour la 1ere fois en 1858, en France - suite à une pénurie du fruit dans la région des Vosges et de Moselle - ce qui incita un artisan verrier à souffler ses premières boules en verre. On utilise également ses branches pour confectionner de magnifiques couronnes de Noël, traditionnellement accrochées aux portes en signe de bienvenue pour le visiteur.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1887 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Boule-en-verre-artisanal-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Boule de verre artisanale</p>\r\nDeux autres plantes sont également étroitement associées aux célébrations de Noël : le <strong>houx</strong> et le <strong>gui</strong>. Toujours vert, le premier revêt une signification particulière pour les Chrétiens puisque, d\'après le mythe, la <em>Sainte Famille</em> fut protégée et cacher par des branches de houx tandis que les soldats d\'hérode, chargés de tuer Jésus, cherchaient ce dernier. Quant au gui sous lequel on s\'embrasse, la tradition veut qu\'il apporte bonheur et prospérité à condition d\'être cueilli avant Noël et brûlé la nuit du 6 janvier (Épiphanie).\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1880\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1881\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /></p>\r\nEnfin, n\'oublions pas la bûche qui, avant de ravir les papilles des plus gourmands en donnant naissance au fameux dessert dont les pâtissiers ornent nos tables dès la fin du XIX ème siècle, devait brûler la nuit du 24 décembre (au moins le temps de la messe de minuit) afin de protéger le foyer du malheur.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1882\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" /></p>\r\nAinsi, Noël n\'est plus aujourd\'hui une simple fête religieuse mais bel et bien une fête populaire où se mêlent croyances, traditions, créativité et plaisir afin d\'apporter lumière et joie et de constituer un moment de partage privilégié autour duquel se renforce les liens sociaux. Les plantes participent à cette magie en apportant douceur et bonheur à notre intérieur...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n* Voir L\'ouvrage de Simon Claude Mimouni et Pierre Maraval, 2007 - <i>Le christianisme des origines à Constantin</i>, Paris, éd. P.U.F./Nouvelle Clio.','Noël, un enchantement végétal...','','publish','open','open','','noel-un-enchantement-vegetal','','','2021-01-28 12:44:31','2021-01-28 08:44:31','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1873',0,'post','',0),(1874,2,'2018-12-28 17:46:36','2018-12-28 13:46:36','','le-nordmann','','inherit','open','closed','','le-nordmann','','','2018-12-28 17:46:36','2018-12-28 13:46:36','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1875,2,'2018-12-28 17:46:51','2018-12-28 13:46:51','','nol-blanc','','inherit','open','closed','','nol-blanc','','','2018-12-28 17:46:51','2018-12-28 13:46:51','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1876,2,'2018-12-28 17:47:01','2018-12-28 13:47:01','','Sapins colorés','','inherit','open','closed','','sapins-colores','','','2018-12-28 17:47:01','2018-12-28 13:47:01','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés.png',0,'attachment','image/png',0),(1877,2,'2018-12-28 17:47:30','2018-12-28 13:47:30','','Sapin de bois','','inherit','open','closed','','sapin-de-bois','','','2018-12-28 17:47:30','2018-12-28 13:47:30','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapin-de-bois.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1878,2,'2018-12-28 17:49:17','2018-12-28 13:49:17','','Sapin bois 2','','inherit','open','closed','','sapin-bois-2','','','2018-12-28 17:49:17','2018-12-28 13:49:17','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapin-bois-2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1879,2,'2018-12-28 17:50:15','2018-12-28 13:50:15','','Sapins bois 3','','inherit','open','closed','','sapins-bois-3','','','2018-12-28 17:50:15','2018-12-28 13:50:15','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1880,2,'2018-12-28 17:52:57','2018-12-28 13:52:57','','Houx','','inherit','open','closed','','houx','','','2018-12-28 17:52:57','2018-12-28 13:52:57','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1881,2,'2018-12-28 17:53:13','2018-12-28 13:53:13','','Gui','','inherit','open','closed','','gui','','','2018-12-28 17:53:13','2018-12-28 13:53:13','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1882,2,'2018-12-28 17:53:56','2018-12-28 13:53:56','','Buche Noël','','inherit','open','closed','','buche-noel','','','2018-12-28 17:53:56','2018-12-28 13:53:56','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1883,2,'2018-12-28 17:54:41','2018-12-28 13:54:41','Noël, fête incontournable de l\'année, rimant avec féérie et joie, est une date incontournable du calendrier chrétien. Mais savez-vous quelles sont les origines de cette célébration et pourquoi lui associe-t-on des végétaux tels que le sapin?\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les origines païennes de Noël</em></strong>\r\n\r\nOn ne le répétera jamais assez, le 25 décembre n\'est nullement la date de naissance du Christ. En effet, d\'après les experts, celle-ci se situerait plutôt autour du mois de mars ou d\'avril de notre calendrier actuel*. En réalité, la fête de la Nativité, fixée au 25 déccembre, est à rapprocher de celle des <em>Saturnales romaines, </em>célébrant l\'avènement du solstice d\'hiver et le dieu Saturne. Très populaires dans la Rome antique, les <em>Saturnales </em>étaient l\'occasion de s\'affranchir des règles sociales - tout comme les fêtes carnavalesques - et d\'organiser de grands repas au cours desquels on échangeait des cadeaux, notamment des figurines aux enfants, et où l\'on paraît sa maison de différents ornements végétaux tels que le houx ou le gui.\r\n\r\nAu VIème siècle, le moine Denys le Petit tente de calculer la date de naissance du Christ. Fixant le jour de l\'annonciation au 25 mars, il calcule logiquement la naissance de Jesus 9 mois plus tard, à savoir le 25 décembre. Ce rapprochement avec les <em>Saturnales romaines</em> permet alors à l\'Église d\'imposer plus aisément la célébration de la Nativité à cette date, puisque largement associée à des rituels festifs importants dans la vie quotidienne et l\'inconscient collectif des populations européenes d\'alors, progressivement converties au culte judéo-chrétien, rituels païens et chrétiens se confondant, au fil du temps, en une même et seule fête.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La magie des plantes</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<strong>\"Mon beau sapin, roi des forêts...\"</strong> Oui, s\'il est bien un incontournable à Noël, c\'est certainement le sapin! Ornant traditionnellement les habitats en Allemagne et en Scandinavie dès les Vème siècle, le sapin s\'impose comme le symbole des célébrations de Noël en France, début XVIII ème siècle, ainsi que dans le reste de l\'Europe. Toujours fourni et vert même durant la période hivernale, il incarne la victoire de la lumière sur les ténébres, du renouveau de la Nature face à la mort relative imposée à la faune et la flore, durant les longs mois d\'hiver.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1874\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1875\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1879\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Déclinaison de sapins, du naturel Nordmann au sapin de bois, en passant par les sapins colorés tendance.</em>\r\n\r\nIl est rapidement décoré et orné de bougie et de fruits, tels que la pomme, rouge et brillante, ancêtre des boules de Noël, qui la remplaceront pour la 1ere fois en 1858, en France - suite à une pénurie du fruit dans la région des Vosges et de Moselle - ce qui incita un artisan verrier à souffler ses premières boules en verre. On utilise également ses branches pour confectionner de magnifiques couronnes de Noël, traditionnellement accrochées aux portes en signe de bienvenue pour le visiteur.\r\n\r\nDeux autres plantes sont également étroitement associées aux célébrations de Noël : le <strong>houx</strong> et le <strong>gui</strong>. Toujours vert, le premier revêt une signification particulière pour les Chrétiens puisque, d\'après le mythe, la <em>Sainte Famille</em> fut protégée et cacher par des branches de hoût tandis que les soldats d\'hérode,chargés de tuer Jésus, cherchaient ce dernier. Quant au gui sous lequel on s\'embrasse, la tradition veut qu\'il apporte bonheur et prospérité à condition d\'être cueilli avant Noël et brûlé la nuit du 6 janvier.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1880\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1881\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /></p>\r\nEnfin, n\'oublions pas la bûche qui, avant de ravir les papilles des plus gourmands en donnant naissance au fameux dessert dont les pâtissiers ornent nos tables dès la fin du XIX ème siècle, devait brûler la nuit du 24 décembre (au moins le temps de la messe de minuit) afin de protéger le foyer du malheur.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1882\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" /></p>\r\nAinsi, Noël n\'est plus aujourd\'hui une simple fête religieuse mais bel et bien une fête populaire où se mêlent croyances, traditions, créativité et plaisir afin d\'apporter lumière et joie et de constituer un moment de partage privilégié autour duquel se renforce les liens sociaux. Les plantes participent à cette magie en apportant douceur et bonheur à notre intérieur...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n* Voir L\'ouvrage de Simon Claude Mimouni et Pierre Maraval, 2007 - <i>Le christianisme des origines à Constantin</i>, Paris, éd. P.U.F./Nouvelle Clio.','Noël, un enchantement végétal...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1873-revision-v1','','','2018-12-28 17:54:41','2018-12-28 13:54:41','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1873-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1884,2,'2018-12-28 17:54:59','2018-12-28 13:54:59','','Couronne Noël','','inherit','open','closed','','couronne-noel','','','2018-12-28 17:54:59','2018-12-28 13:54:59','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Couronne-Noël.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1885,2,'2018-12-28 18:09:50','2018-12-28 14:09:50','Noël, fête incontournable de l\'année, rimant avec féérie et joie, est une date incontournable du calendrier chrétien. Mais savez-vous quelles sont les origines de cette célébration et pourquoi lui associe-t-on des végétaux tels que le sapin?\n\n<strong><em>Les origines païennes de Noël</em></strong>\n\nOn ne le répétera jamais assez, le 25 décembre n\'est nullement la date de naissance du Christ. En effet, d\'après les experts, celle-ci se situerait plutôt autour du mois de mars ou d\'avril de notre calendrier actuel*. En réalité, la fête de la Nativité, fixée au 25 déccembre, est à rapprocher de celle des <em>Saturnales romaines, </em>célébrant l\'avènement du solstice d\'hiver et le dieu Saturne. Très populaires dans la Rome antique, les <em>Saturnales </em>étaient l\'occasion de s\'affranchir des règles sociales - tout comme les fêtes carnavalesques - et d\'organiser de grands repas au cours desquels on échangeait des cadeaux, notamment en donnant des figurines aux enfants, et où l\'on paraît sa maison de différents ornements végétaux tels que le houx ou le gui.\n\nAu VIème siècle, le moine Denys le Petit tente de calculer la date de naissance du Christ. Fixant le jour de l\'annonciation au 25 mars, il calcule logiquement la naissance de Jesus 9 mois plus tard, à savoir le 25 décembre. Ce rapprochement avec les <em>Saturnales romaines</em> permet alors à l\'Église d\'imposer plus aisément la célébration de la Nativité à cette date, puisque largement associée à des rituels festifs importants dans la vie quotidienne et l\'inconscient collectif des populations européenes d\'alors, progressivement converties au culte judéo-chrétien, rituels païens et chrétiens se confondant, au fil du temps, en une même et seule fête.\n\n<em><strong>La magie des plantes</strong></em>\n\n<strong>\"Mon beau sapin, roi des forêts...\"</strong> Oui, s\'il est bien un incontournable à Noël, c\'est certainement le sapin! Ornant traditionnellement les habitats en Allemagne et en Scandinavie dès les XVème siècle, le sapin s\'impose comme le symbole des célébrations de Noël en France, début XVIII ème siècle, ainsi que dans le reste de l\'Europe. Toujours fourni et vert même durant la période hivernale, il incarne la victoire de la lumière sur les ténébres, du renouveau de la Nature face à la mort relative imposée à la faune et la flore, durant les longs mois d\'hiver.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1874\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1875\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1879\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" />\n\n<em>Déclinaison de sapins, du naturel Nordmann au sapin de bois, en passant par les sapins colorés tendance.</em>\n\nIl est rapidement décoré et orné de bougie et de fruits, tels que la pomme, rouge et brillante, ancêtre des boules de Noël, qui la remplaceront pour la 1ere fois en 1858, en France - suite à une pénurie du fruit dans la région des Vosges et de Moselle - ce qui incita un artisan verrier à souffler ses premières boules en verre. On utilise également ses branches pour confectionner de magnifiques couronnes de Noël, traditionnellement accrochées aux portes en signe de bienvenue pour le visiteur.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1887 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Boule-en-verre-artisanal-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" />\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Boule de verre artisanale</p>\nDeux autres plantes sont également étroitement associées aux célébrations de Noël : le <strong>houx</strong> et le <strong>gui</strong>. Toujours vert, le premier revêt une signification particulière pour les Chrétiens puisque, d\'après le mythe, la <em>Sainte Famille</em> fut protégée et cacher par des branches de houx tandis que les soldats d\'hérode,chargés de tuer Jésus, cherchaient ce dernier. Quant au gui sous lequel on s\'embrasse, la tradition veut qu\'il apporte bonheur et prospérité à condition d\'être cueilli avant Noël et brûlé la nuit du 6 janvier (Épiphanie).\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1880\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1881\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /></p>\nEnfin, n\'oublions pas la bûche qui, avant de ravir les papilles des plus gourmands en donnant naissance au fameux dessert dont les pâtissiers ornent nos tables dès la fin du XIX ème siècle, devait brûler la nuit du 24 décembre (au moins le temps de la messe de minuit) afin de protéger le foyer du malheur.\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1882\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" /></p>\nAinsi, Noël n\'est plus aujourd\'hui une simple fête religieuse mais bel et bien une fête populaire où se mêlent croyances, traditions, créativité et plaisir afin d\'apporter lumière et joie et de constituer un moment de partage privilégié autour duquel se renforce les liens sociaux. Les plantes participent à cette magie en apportant douceur et bonheur à notre intérieur...\n\n \n\n* Voir L\'ouvrage de Simon Claude Mimouni et Pierre Maraval, 2007 - <i>Le christianisme des origines à Constantin</i>, Paris, éd. P.U.F./Nouvelle Clio.','Noël, un enchantement végétal...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1873-autosave-v1','','','2018-12-28 18:09:50','2018-12-28 14:09:50','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1873-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1886,2,'2018-12-28 17:57:01','2018-12-28 13:57:01','Noël, fête incontournable de l\'année, rimant avec féérie et joie, est une date incontournable du calendrier chrétien. Mais savez-vous quelles sont les origines de cette célébration et pourquoi lui associe-t-on des végétaux tels que le sapin?\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les origines païennes de Noël</em></strong>\r\n\r\nOn ne le répétera jamais assez, le 25 décembre n\'est nullement la date de naissance du Christ. En effet, d\'après les experts, celle-ci se situerait plutôt autour du mois de mars ou d\'avril de notre calendrier actuel*. En réalité, la fête de la Nativité, fixée au 25 déccembre, est à rapprocher de celle des <em>Saturnales romaines, </em>célébrant l\'avènement du solstice d\'hiver et le dieu Saturne. Très populaires dans la Rome antique, les <em>Saturnales </em>étaient l\'occasion de s\'affranchir des règles sociales - tout comme les fêtes carnavalesques - et d\'organiser de grands repas au cours desquels on échangeait des cadeaux, notamment des figurines aux enfants, et où l\'on paraît sa maison de différents ornements végétaux tels que le houx ou le gui.\r\n\r\nAu VIème siècle, le moine Denys le Petit tente de calculer la date de naissance du Christ. Fixant le jour de l\'annonciation au 25 mars, il calcule logiquement la naissance de Jesus 9 mois plus tard, à savoir le 25 décembre. Ce rapprochement avec les <em>Saturnales romaines</em> permet alors à l\'Église d\'imposer plus aisément la célébration de la Nativité à cette date, puisque largement associée à des rituels festifs importants dans la vie quotidienne et l\'inconscient collectif des populations européenes d\'alors, progressivement converties au culte judéo-chrétien, rituels païens et chrétiens se confondant, au fil du temps, en une même et seule fête.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La magie des plantes</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<strong>\"Mon beau sapin, roi des forêts...\"</strong> Oui, s\'il est bien un incontournable à Noël, c\'est certainement le sapin! Ornant traditionnellement les habitats en Allemagne et en Scandinavie dès les Vème siècle, le sapin s\'impose comme le symbole des célébrations de Noël en France, début XVIII ème siècle, ainsi que dans le reste de l\'Europe. Toujours fourni et vert même durant la période hivernale, il incarne la victoire de la lumière sur les ténébres, du renouveau de la Nature face à la mort relative imposée à la faune et la flore, durant les longs mois d\'hiver.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1874\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1875\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1879\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Déclinaison de sapins, du naturel Nordmann au sapin de bois, en passant par les sapins colorés tendance.</em>\r\n\r\nIl est rapidement décoré et orné de bougie et de fruits, tels que la pomme, rouge et brillante, ancêtre des boules de Noël, qui la remplaceront pour la 1ere fois en 1858, en France - suite à une pénurie du fruit dans la région des Vosges et de Moselle - ce qui incita un artisan verrier à souffler ses premières boules en verre. On utilise également ses branches pour confectionner de magnifiques couronnes de Noël, traditionnellement accrochées aux portes en signe de bienvenue pour le visiteur.\r\n\r\nDeux autres plantes sont également étroitement associées aux célébrations de Noël : le <strong>houx</strong> et le <strong>gui</strong>. Toujours vert, le premier revêt une signification particulière pour les Chrétiens puisque, d\'après le mythe, la <em>Sainte Famille</em> fut protégée et cacher par des branches de hoût tandis que les soldats d\'hérode,chargés de tuer Jésus, cherchaient ce dernier. Quant au gui sous lequel on s\'embrasse, la tradition veut qu\'il apporte bonheur et prospérité à condition d\'être cueilli avant Noël et brûlé la nuit du 6 janvier (Épiphanie).\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1880\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1881\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /></p>\r\nEnfin, n\'oublions pas la bûche qui, avant de ravir les papilles des plus gourmands en donnant naissance au fameux dessert dont les pâtissiers ornent nos tables dès la fin du XIX ème siècle, devait brûler la nuit du 24 décembre (au moins le temps de la messe de minuit) afin de protéger le foyer du malheur.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1882\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" /></p>\r\nAinsi, Noël n\'est plus aujourd\'hui une simple fête religieuse mais bel et bien une fête populaire où se mêlent croyances, traditions, créativité et plaisir afin d\'apporter lumière et joie et de constituer un moment de partage privilégié autour duquel se renforce les liens sociaux. Les plantes participent à cette magie en apportant douceur et bonheur à notre intérieur...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n* Voir L\'ouvrage de Simon Claude Mimouni et Pierre Maraval, 2007 - <i>Le christianisme des origines à Constantin</i>, Paris, éd. P.U.F./Nouvelle Clio.','Noël, un enchantement végétal...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1873-revision-v1','','','2018-12-28 17:57:01','2018-12-28 13:57:01','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1873-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1887,2,'2018-12-28 18:04:30','2018-12-28 14:04:30','','Boule en verre artisanal','','inherit','open','closed','','boule-en-verre-artisanal','','','2018-12-28 18:04:30','2018-12-28 14:04:30','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Boule-en-verre-artisanal.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1888,2,'2018-12-28 18:04:58','2018-12-28 14:04:58','Noël, fête incontournable de l\'année, rimant avec féérie et joie, est une date incontournable du calendrier chrétien. Mais savez-vous quelles sont les origines de cette célébration et pourquoi lui associe-t-on des végétaux tels que le sapin?\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les origines païennes de Noël</em></strong>\r\n\r\nOn ne le répétera jamais assez, le 25 décembre n\'est nullement la date de naissance du Christ. En effet, d\'après les experts, celle-ci se situerait plutôt autour du mois de mars ou d\'avril de notre calendrier actuel*. En réalité, la fête de la Nativité, fixée au 25 déccembre, est à rapprocher de celle des <em>Saturnales romaines, </em>célébrant l\'avènement du solstice d\'hiver et le dieu Saturne. Très populaires dans la Rome antique, les <em>Saturnales </em>étaient l\'occasion de s\'affranchir des règles sociales - tout comme les fêtes carnavalesques - et d\'organiser de grands repas au cours desquels on échangeait des cadeaux, notamment des figurines aux enfants, et où l\'on paraît sa maison de différents ornements végétaux tels que le houx ou le gui.\r\n\r\nAu VIème siècle, le moine Denys le Petit tente de calculer la date de naissance du Christ. Fixant le jour de l\'annonciation au 25 mars, il calcule logiquement la naissance de Jesus 9 mois plus tard, à savoir le 25 décembre. Ce rapprochement avec les <em>Saturnales romaines</em> permet alors à l\'Église d\'imposer plus aisément la célébration de la Nativité à cette date, puisque largement associée à des rituels festifs importants dans la vie quotidienne et l\'inconscient collectif des populations européenes d\'alors, progressivement converties au culte judéo-chrétien, rituels païens et chrétiens se confondant, au fil du temps, en une même et seule fête.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La magie des plantes</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<strong>\"Mon beau sapin, roi des forêts...\"</strong> Oui, s\'il est bien un incontournable à Noël, c\'est certainement le sapin! Ornant traditionnellement les habitats en Allemagne et en Scandinavie dès les Vème siècle, le sapin s\'impose comme le symbole des célébrations de Noël en France, début XVIII ème siècle, ainsi que dans le reste de l\'Europe. Toujours fourni et vert même durant la période hivernale, il incarne la victoire de la lumière sur les ténébres, du renouveau de la Nature face à la mort relative imposée à la faune et la flore, durant les longs mois d\'hiver.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1874\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1875\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1879\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Déclinaison de sapins, du naturel Nordmann au sapin de bois, en passant par les sapins colorés tendance.</em>\r\n\r\nIl est rapidement décoré et orné de bougie et de fruits, tels que la pomme, rouge et brillante, ancêtre des boules de Noël, qui la remplaceront pour la 1ere fois en 1858, en France - suite à une pénurie du fruit dans la région des Vosges et de Moselle - ce qui incita un artisan verrier à souffler ses premières boules en verre. On utilise également ses branches pour confectionner de magnifiques couronnes de Noël, traditionnellement accrochées aux portes en signe de bienvenue pour le visiteur.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1887 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Boule-en-verre-artisanal-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Boule de verre artisanale</p>\r\nDeux autres plantes sont également étroitement associées aux célébrations de Noël : le <strong>houx</strong> et le <strong>gui</strong>. Toujours vert, le premier revêt une signification particulière pour les Chrétiens puisque, d\'après le mythe, la <em>Sainte Famille</em> fut protégée et cacher par des branches de hoût tandis que les soldats d\'hérode,chargés de tuer Jésus, cherchaient ce dernier. Quant au gui sous lequel on s\'embrasse, la tradition veut qu\'il apporte bonheur et prospérité à condition d\'être cueilli avant Noël et brûlé la nuit du 6 janvier (Épiphanie).\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1880\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1881\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /></p>\r\nEnfin, n\'oublions pas la bûche qui, avant de ravir les papilles des plus gourmands en donnant naissance au fameux dessert dont les pâtissiers ornent nos tables dès la fin du XIX ème siècle, devait brûler la nuit du 24 décembre (au moins le temps de la messe de minuit) afin de protéger le foyer du malheur.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1882\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" /></p>\r\nAinsi, Noël n\'est plus aujourd\'hui une simple fête religieuse mais bel et bien une fête populaire où se mêlent croyances, traditions, créativité et plaisir afin d\'apporter lumière et joie et de constituer un moment de partage privilégié autour duquel se renforce les liens sociaux. Les plantes participent à cette magie en apportant douceur et bonheur à notre intérieur...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n* Voir L\'ouvrage de Simon Claude Mimouni et Pierre Maraval, 2007 - <i>Le christianisme des origines à Constantin</i>, Paris, éd. P.U.F./Nouvelle Clio.','Noël, un enchantement végétal...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1873-revision-v1','','','2018-12-28 18:04:58','2018-12-28 14:04:58','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1873-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1889,2,'2018-12-28 18:06:22','2018-12-28 14:06:22','Noël, fête incontournable de l\'année, rimant avec féérie et joie, est une date incontournable du calendrier chrétien. Mais savez-vous quelles sont les origines de cette célébration et pourquoi lui associe-t-on des végétaux tels que le sapin?\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les origines païennes de Noël</em></strong>\r\n\r\nOn ne le répétera jamais assez, le 25 décembre n\'est nullement la date de naissance du Christ. En effet, d\'après les experts, celle-ci se situerait plutôt autour du mois de mars ou d\'avril de notre calendrier actuel*. En réalité, la fête de la Nativité, fixée au 25 déccembre, est à rapprocher de celle des <em>Saturnales romaines, </em>célébrant l\'avènement du solstice d\'hiver et le dieu Saturne. Très populaires dans la Rome antique, les <em>Saturnales </em>étaient l\'occasion de s\'affranchir des règles sociales - tout comme les fêtes carnavalesques - et d\'organiser de grands repas au cours desquels on échangeait des cadeaux, notamment en donnant des figurines aux enfants, et où l\'on paraît sa maison de différents ornements végétaux tels que le houx ou le gui.\r\n\r\nAu VIème siècle, le moine Denys le Petit tente de calculer la date de naissance du Christ. Fixant le jour de l\'annonciation au 25 mars, il calcule logiquement la naissance de Jesus 9 mois plus tard, à savoir le 25 décembre. Ce rapprochement avec les <em>Saturnales romaines</em> permet alors à l\'Église d\'imposer plus aisément la célébration de la Nativité à cette date, puisque largement associée à des rituels festifs importants dans la vie quotidienne et l\'inconscient collectif des populations européenes d\'alors, progressivement converties au culte judéo-chrétien, rituels païens et chrétiens se confondant, au fil du temps, en une même et seule fête.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La magie des plantes</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<strong>\"Mon beau sapin, roi des forêts...\"</strong> Oui, s\'il est bien un incontournable à Noël, c\'est certainement le sapin! Ornant traditionnellement les habitats en Allemagne et en Scandinavie dès les Vème siècle, le sapin s\'impose comme le symbole des célébrations de Noël en France, début XVIII ème siècle, ainsi que dans le reste de l\'Europe. Toujours fourni et vert même durant la période hivernale, il incarne la victoire de la lumière sur les ténébres, du renouveau de la Nature face à la mort relative imposée à la faune et la flore, durant les longs mois d\'hiver.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1874\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1875\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1879\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Déclinaison de sapins, du naturel Nordmann au sapin de bois, en passant par les sapins colorés tendance.</em>\r\n\r\nIl est rapidement décoré et orné de bougie et de fruits, tels que la pomme, rouge et brillante, ancêtre des boules de Noël, qui la remplaceront pour la 1ere fois en 1858, en France - suite à une pénurie du fruit dans la région des Vosges et de Moselle - ce qui incita un artisan verrier à souffler ses premières boules en verre. On utilise également ses branches pour confectionner de magnifiques couronnes de Noël, traditionnellement accrochées aux portes en signe de bienvenue pour le visiteur.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1887 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Boule-en-verre-artisanal-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Boule de verre artisanale</p>\r\nDeux autres plantes sont également étroitement associées aux célébrations de Noël : le <strong>houx</strong> et le <strong>gui</strong>. Toujours vert, le premier revêt une signification particulière pour les Chrétiens puisque, d\'après le mythe, la <em>Sainte Famille</em> fut protégée et cacher par des branches de hoût tandis que les soldats d\'hérode,chargés de tuer Jésus, cherchaient ce dernier. Quant au gui sous lequel on s\'embrasse, la tradition veut qu\'il apporte bonheur et prospérité à condition d\'être cueilli avant Noël et brûlé la nuit du 6 janvier (Épiphanie).\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1880\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1881\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /></p>\r\nEnfin, n\'oublions pas la bûche qui, avant de ravir les papilles des plus gourmands en donnant naissance au fameux dessert dont les pâtissiers ornent nos tables dès la fin du XIX ème siècle, devait brûler la nuit du 24 décembre (au moins le temps de la messe de minuit) afin de protéger le foyer du malheur.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1882\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" /></p>\r\nAinsi, Noël n\'est plus aujourd\'hui une simple fête religieuse mais bel et bien une fête populaire où se mêlent croyances, traditions, créativité et plaisir afin d\'apporter lumière et joie et de constituer un moment de partage privilégié autour duquel se renforce les liens sociaux. Les plantes participent à cette magie en apportant douceur et bonheur à notre intérieur...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n* Voir L\'ouvrage de Simon Claude Mimouni et Pierre Maraval, 2007 - <i>Le christianisme des origines à Constantin</i>, Paris, éd. P.U.F./Nouvelle Clio.','Noël, un enchantement végétal...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1873-revision-v1','','','2018-12-28 18:06:22','2018-12-28 14:06:22','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1873-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1890,2,'2018-12-28 18:08:31','2018-12-28 14:08:31','Noël, fête incontournable de l\'année, rimant avec féérie et joie, est une date incontournable du calendrier chrétien. Mais savez-vous quelles sont les origines de cette célébration et pourquoi lui associe-t-on des végétaux tels que le sapin?\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les origines païennes de Noël</em></strong>\r\n\r\nOn ne le répétera jamais assez, le 25 décembre n\'est nullement la date de naissance du Christ. En effet, d\'après les experts, celle-ci se situerait plutôt autour du mois de mars ou d\'avril de notre calendrier actuel*. En réalité, la fête de la Nativité, fixée au 25 déccembre, est à rapprocher de celle des <em>Saturnales romaines, </em>célébrant l\'avènement du solstice d\'hiver et le dieu Saturne. Très populaires dans la Rome antique, les <em>Saturnales </em>étaient l\'occasion de s\'affranchir des règles sociales - tout comme les fêtes carnavalesques - et d\'organiser de grands repas au cours desquels on échangeait des cadeaux, notamment en donnant des figurines aux enfants, et où l\'on paraît sa maison de différents ornements végétaux tels que le houx ou le gui.\r\n\r\nAu VIème siècle, le moine Denys le Petit tente de calculer la date de naissance du Christ. Fixant le jour de l\'annonciation au 25 mars, il calcule logiquement la naissance de Jesus 9 mois plus tard, à savoir le 25 décembre. Ce rapprochement avec les <em>Saturnales romaines</em> permet alors à l\'Église d\'imposer plus aisément la célébration de la Nativité à cette date, puisque largement associée à des rituels festifs importants dans la vie quotidienne et l\'inconscient collectif des populations européenes d\'alors, progressivement converties au culte judéo-chrétien, rituels païens et chrétiens se confondant, au fil du temps, en une même et seule fête.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La magie des plantes</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<strong>\"Mon beau sapin, roi des forêts...\"</strong> Oui, s\'il est bien un incontournable à Noël, c\'est certainement le sapin! Ornant traditionnellement les habitats en Allemagne et en Scandinavie dès les XVème siècle, le sapin s\'impose comme le symbole des célébrations de Noël en France, début XVIII ème siècle, ainsi que dans le reste de l\'Europe. Toujours fourni et vert même durant la période hivernale, il incarne la victoire de la lumière sur les ténébres, du renouveau de la Nature face à la mort relative imposée à la faune et la flore, durant les longs mois d\'hiver.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1874\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1875\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1879\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Déclinaison de sapins, du naturel Nordmann au sapin de bois, en passant par les sapins colorés tendance.</em>\r\n\r\nIl est rapidement décoré et orné de bougie et de fruits, tels que la pomme, rouge et brillante, ancêtre des boules de Noël, qui la remplaceront pour la 1ere fois en 1858, en France - suite à une pénurie du fruit dans la région des Vosges et de Moselle - ce qui incita un artisan verrier à souffler ses premières boules en verre. On utilise également ses branches pour confectionner de magnifiques couronnes de Noël, traditionnellement accrochées aux portes en signe de bienvenue pour le visiteur.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1887 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Boule-en-verre-artisanal-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Boule de verre artisanale</p>\r\nDeux autres plantes sont également étroitement associées aux célébrations de Noël : le <strong>houx</strong> et le <strong>gui</strong>. Toujours vert, le premier revêt une signification particulière pour les Chrétiens puisque, d\'après le mythe, la <em>Sainte Famille</em> fut protégée et cacher par des branches de hoût tandis que les soldats d\'hérode,chargés de tuer Jésus, cherchaient ce dernier. Quant au gui sous lequel on s\'embrasse, la tradition veut qu\'il apporte bonheur et prospérité à condition d\'être cueilli avant Noël et brûlé la nuit du 6 janvier (Épiphanie).\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1880\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1881\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /></p>\r\nEnfin, n\'oublions pas la bûche qui, avant de ravir les papilles des plus gourmands en donnant naissance au fameux dessert dont les pâtissiers ornent nos tables dès la fin du XIX ème siècle, devait brûler la nuit du 24 décembre (au moins le temps de la messe de minuit) afin de protéger le foyer du malheur.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1882\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" /></p>\r\nAinsi, Noël n\'est plus aujourd\'hui une simple fête religieuse mais bel et bien une fête populaire où se mêlent croyances, traditions, créativité et plaisir afin d\'apporter lumière et joie et de constituer un moment de partage privilégié autour duquel se renforce les liens sociaux. Les plantes participent à cette magie en apportant douceur et bonheur à notre intérieur...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n* Voir L\'ouvrage de Simon Claude Mimouni et Pierre Maraval, 2007 - <i>Le christianisme des origines à Constantin</i>, Paris, éd. P.U.F./Nouvelle Clio.','Noël, un enchantement végétal...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1873-revision-v1','','','2018-12-28 18:08:31','2018-12-28 14:08:31','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1873-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1891,2,'2018-12-28 18:10:03','2018-12-28 14:10:03','Noël, fête incontournable de l\'année, rimant avec féérie et joie, est une date incontournable du calendrier chrétien. Mais savez-vous quelles sont les origines de cette célébration et pourquoi lui associe-t-on des végétaux tels que le sapin?\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les origines païennes de Noël</em></strong>\r\n\r\nOn ne le répétera jamais assez, le 25 décembre n\'est nullement la date de naissance du Christ. En effet, d\'après les experts, celle-ci se situerait plutôt autour du mois de mars ou d\'avril de notre calendrier actuel*. En réalité, la fête de la Nativité, fixée au 25 déccembre, est à rapprocher de celle des <em>Saturnales romaines, </em>célébrant l\'avènement du solstice d\'hiver et le dieu Saturne. Très populaires dans la Rome antique, les <em>Saturnales </em>étaient l\'occasion de s\'affranchir des règles sociales - tout comme les fêtes carnavalesques - et d\'organiser de grands repas au cours desquels on échangeait des cadeaux, notamment en donnant des figurines aux enfants, et où l\'on paraît sa maison de différents ornements végétaux tels que le houx ou le gui.\r\n\r\nAu VIème siècle, le moine Denys le Petit tente de calculer la date de naissance du Christ. Fixant le jour de l\'annonciation au 25 mars, il calcule logiquement la naissance de Jesus 9 mois plus tard, à savoir le 25 décembre. Ce rapprochement avec les <em>Saturnales romaines</em> permet alors à l\'Église d\'imposer plus aisément la célébration de la Nativité à cette date, puisque largement associée à des rituels festifs importants dans la vie quotidienne et l\'inconscient collectif des populations européenes d\'alors, progressivement converties au culte judéo-chrétien, rituels païens et chrétiens se confondant, au fil du temps, en une même et seule fête.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La magie des plantes</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<strong>\"Mon beau sapin, roi des forêts...\"</strong> Oui, s\'il est bien un incontournable à Noël, c\'est certainement le sapin! Ornant traditionnellement les habitats en Allemagne et en Scandinavie dès les XVème siècle, le sapin s\'impose comme le symbole des célébrations de Noël en France, début XVIII ème siècle, ainsi que dans le reste de l\'Europe. Toujours fourni et vert même durant la période hivernale, il incarne la victoire de la lumière sur les ténébres, du renouveau de la Nature face à la mort relative imposée à la faune et la flore, durant les longs mois d\'hiver.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1874\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/le-nordmann-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1875\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nol-blanc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1876\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-colorés-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1879\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Sapins-bois-3-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Déclinaison de sapins, du naturel Nordmann au sapin de bois, en passant par les sapins colorés tendance.</em>\r\n\r\nIl est rapidement décoré et orné de bougie et de fruits, tels que la pomme, rouge et brillante, ancêtre des boules de Noël, qui la remplaceront pour la 1ere fois en 1858, en France - suite à une pénurie du fruit dans la région des Vosges et de Moselle - ce qui incita un artisan verrier à souffler ses premières boules en verre. On utilise également ses branches pour confectionner de magnifiques couronnes de Noël, traditionnellement accrochées aux portes en signe de bienvenue pour le visiteur.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1887 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Boule-en-verre-artisanal-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Boule de verre artisanale</p>\r\nDeux autres plantes sont également étroitement associées aux célébrations de Noël : le <strong>houx</strong> et le <strong>gui</strong>. Toujours vert, le premier revêt une signification particulière pour les Chrétiens puisque, d\'après le mythe, la <em>Sainte Famille</em> fut protégée et cacher par des branches de houx tandis que les soldats d\'hérode, chargés de tuer Jésus, cherchaient ce dernier. Quant au gui sous lequel on s\'embrasse, la tradition veut qu\'il apporte bonheur et prospérité à condition d\'être cueilli avant Noël et brûlé la nuit du 6 janvier (Épiphanie).\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1880\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Houx.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1881\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Gui.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" /></p>\r\nEnfin, n\'oublions pas la bûche qui, avant de ravir les papilles des plus gourmands en donnant naissance au fameux dessert dont les pâtissiers ornent nos tables dès la fin du XIX ème siècle, devait brûler la nuit du 24 décembre (au moins le temps de la messe de minuit) afin de protéger le foyer du malheur.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1882\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Buche-Noël.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" /></p>\r\nAinsi, Noël n\'est plus aujourd\'hui une simple fête religieuse mais bel et bien une fête populaire où se mêlent croyances, traditions, créativité et plaisir afin d\'apporter lumière et joie et de constituer un moment de partage privilégié autour duquel se renforce les liens sociaux. Les plantes participent à cette magie en apportant douceur et bonheur à notre intérieur...\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n* Voir L\'ouvrage de Simon Claude Mimouni et Pierre Maraval, 2007 - <i>Le christianisme des origines à Constantin</i>, Paris, éd. P.U.F./Nouvelle Clio.','Noël, un enchantement végétal...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1873-revision-v1','','','2018-12-28 18:10:03','2018-12-28 14:10:03','',1873,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1873-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1892,2,'2019-01-18 16:01:46','0000-00-00 00:00:00','','Tha','','draft','closed','closed','','','','','2019-01-18 16:01:46','2019-01-18 12:01:46','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1892',0,'page','',0),(1893,2,'2019-02-01 14:19:35','2019-02-01 10:19:35','<em>Abolition de la Traite négrière en Isle de France : quelques points d\'histoire.</em>\r\n\r\nMaurice célèbre aujourd\'hui le 184 ème anniversaire de l\'abolition de l\'esclavage sur son territoire. En effet, cette pratique, fortement liée à la culture du sucre, sera abolie en France, suite à la Révolution, en 1794. Cependant, de nombreuses colonies, comme les Antilles ou les Mascareignes, vivant économiquement sur ce systèm, refusent de se soumettre à la loi en vigueur. Ainsi, lors de leur arrivée en Île de France, les madataires du gouvernement français porteurs du décret furent renvoyés par les propriétaires des plantations et l\'esclavage perdura localement jusqu\'à son abandon définitif en 1835. En réalité, plusieurs décrets interdirent l\'esclavage, en France, mais celui-ci fut maintenu sour la pression économique et politique des colonies. C\'est pourquoi Napoléon se vit contraint de rétablir l\'esclavage et la traite négrière, hors de France, en 1802, notamment aux Antilles. Le décret impérial de 1815 interdit la traite négrière mais il sera malheureusement rendu caduc par la défaite de Napoléon à Waterloo et le retour de la Monarchie de Louis XVIII. En 1818, la France abolit définitivement la traite négrière, toutefois, beaucoup de colonies décide d\'ignorer cet interdit malgré les peines d\'emprisonnement encourues pour son non-respect (jusqu\'à 30 ans de travaux forcés en 1831). En 1835. l\'esclavage est totalement abolit à Maurice, alors sous administration britannique, alors qu\'il faudra attendre 1848, en France, pour que le décret du 27 avril mette un terme définitif à cette pratique, entraînant la joie et la proclamation de leur liberté par les esclaves!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1894 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/capture_d_ecran_2015-07-04_a_23.06.57_resultat-3cb52-300x207.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"207\" />\r\n\r\n<em>L\'abolition de l\'esclavage, une révolution européenne</em>\r\n\r\nL\'abolutionnisme est un véritable courant de pensée qui apparaît, en Europe - puis par extension en Amérique - fin XVIIIème siècle et qui a pour but d\'éradiquer la pratique esclavagiste. Concept radicalement nouveau et moderne, il impose un changement drastique au niveau de l\'organisation sociale, économique et politique d\'un système rentable et récent. Ceci explique donc les difficultés des abolutionnistes à faire accepter et perdurer un nouveau système de valeurs engendrant un tel boulversement des mentalités, mais surtout d\'un réseau socio-économique fructueux. Bien que des nombreuses résistances individuelles et collectives se manisfestèrent parmi les esclaves (comme le maronnage), il est à noter que le combat abolitionniste ne fut pas le leur mais véritablement celui des occidentaux eux-mêmes, revendiquant ainsi une orientation politique nouvelle visant à la destruction de tout une institution socio-économique florissante. C\'est la raison pour laquelle le mouvement abolutionniste fut progressif.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1895\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Abolition-de-lesclavage-237x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"237\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1897\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/ob_e77986_decret-abolition-convention-216x300-216x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\n<em>L\'esclavage à Maurice, entre perte et réinterprétation identitaire</em>\r\n\r\nLorsqu\'ils s\'installent dans l\'île, qu\'ils rebaptisent l\'<em>Isle de France, </em>les Français profitent de l\'adaptation du Code Noir pour les Mascareignes et font venir des esclaves de Madagascar et d\'Afrique, principalement orientale, pour exploiter le bois et cultiver le café, le poivre, puis, mi-XVIIIème siècle, la canne à sucre. En 1767, l\'île compte 20 000 habitants dont 15 000 esclaves. Issus de diverses ethnies, les esclaves d\'Afrique sont souvent qualifiés de \"Mozambiques\" afin de les distinguer des Malgaches, Indiens, créoles et des Africains libres présents à Maurice. Le déracinement provoqué par l\'esclavage - outre les profonds sentiments de désespoir et de peur que nous pouvons imaginer - aura de lourdes et inévitables conséquences sur l\'identité des \"nouveaux venus\" et laissera à jamais son empreinte dans un pays qui n\'aurait pu se construire sans eux. Le <em>Morne Brabant, </em>montagne située au sud-ouest de l\'île, constitue un haut lieu de la mémoire collective mauricienne et est inscrit, depuis 2008, au patrimoine mondial de l\'humanité de l\'Unesco. De nombreux esclaves en fuite (marrons) trouvèrent refuge dans ce lieu difficlement accessible, espérant ainsi échapper à la recapture. La légende veut que bon nombre d\'entre eux, préférant la mort aux châtiments - dont ils ne manqueraient pas d\'être victimes s\'ils étaient de nouveau capturés - et à une nouvelle privation de liberté (et tout ce qu\'elle supposait), se jetèrent du haut de la montagne alors que les soldats venaient les avertir de l\'abolition définitif de l\'esclavage. Les descendants de ces anciens esclaves sont aujourd\'hui des individus libres, pour la majorité d\'entre eux, métissés avec d\'autres mauriciens d\'autres ethnies, incarnant ainsi une réelle et nouvelle créolisation de l\'île. La perte identitaire dont leurs ancêtres ont été victimes a eu, au moins, l\'avantage de leur permettre de créer une nouvelle identité à part entière, unique, forte, toujours en devenir et porteuse d\'espoirs, ce qui est une chance incontestable, non seulement pour les nouvelles générations créoles mais toute la future génération mauricienne!\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1899\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Gravure-sega-300x166.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"385\" height=\"213\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Le séga, un marqueur de l\'identité mauricienne</p>\r\n ','L\'abolition de l\'esclavage à Maurice, une liberté acquise dans la douleur','','publish','open','open','','labolition-de-lesclavage-a-maurice-une-liberte-acquise-dans-la-douleur','','','2019-02-01 14:19:35','2019-02-01 10:19:35','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1893',0,'post','',0),(1894,2,'2019-02-01 13:54:59','2019-02-01 09:54:59','','capture_d_ecran_2015-07-04_a_23.06.57_resultat-3cb52','','inherit','open','closed','','capture_d_ecran_2015-07-04_a_23-06-57_resultat-3cb52','','','2019-02-01 13:54:59','2019-02-01 09:54:59','',1893,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/capture_d_ecran_2015-07-04_a_23.06.57_resultat-3cb52.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1895,2,'2019-02-01 14:06:29','2019-02-01 10:06:29','','Abolition de l\'esclavage','','inherit','open','closed','','abolition-de-lesclavage','','','2019-02-01 14:06:29','2019-02-01 10:06:29','',1893,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Abolition-de-lesclavage.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1896,2,'2019-02-01 14:10:56','2019-02-01 10:10:56','','Déclaration devant le peuple','','inherit','open','closed','','declaration-devant-le-peuple','','','2019-02-01 14:10:56','2019-02-01 10:10:56','',1893,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Déclaration-devant-le-peuple.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1897,2,'2019-02-01 14:11:04','2019-02-01 10:11:04','','ob_e77986_decret-abolition-convention-216x300','','inherit','open','closed','','ob_e77986_decret-abolition-convention-216x300','','','2019-02-01 14:11:04','2019-02-01 10:11:04','',1893,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/ob_e77986_decret-abolition-convention-216x300.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1898,2,'2019-02-01 14:17:45','2019-02-01 10:17:45','','Sega mauricien','','inherit','open','closed','','sega-mauricien','','','2019-02-01 14:17:45','2019-02-01 10:17:45','',1893,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sega-mauricien.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1899,2,'2019-02-01 14:18:07','2019-02-01 10:18:07','','Gravure sega','','inherit','open','closed','','gravure-sega','','','2019-02-01 14:18:07','2019-02-01 10:18:07','',1893,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Gravure-sega.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1900,2,'2019-02-01 14:19:35','2019-02-01 10:19:35','<em>Abolition de la Traite négrière en Isle de France : quelques points d\'histoire.</em>\r\n\r\nMaurice célèbre aujourd\'hui le 184 ème anniversaire de l\'abolition de l\'esclavage sur son territoire. En effet, cette pratique, fortement liée à la culture du sucre, sera abolie en France, suite à la Révolution, en 1794. Cependant, de nombreuses colonies, comme les Antilles ou les Mascareignes, vivant économiquement sur ce systèm, refusent de se soumettre à la loi en vigueur. Ainsi, lors de leur arrivée en Île de France, les madataires du gouvernement français porteurs du décret furent renvoyés par les propriétaires des plantations et l\'esclavage perdura localement jusqu\'à son abandon définitif en 1835. En réalité, plusieurs décrets interdirent l\'esclavage, en France, mais celui-ci fut maintenu sour la pression économique et politique des colonies. C\'est pourquoi Napoléon se vit contraint de rétablir l\'esclavage et la traite négrière, hors de France, en 1802, notamment aux Antilles. Le décret impérial de 1815 interdit la traite négrière mais il sera malheureusement rendu caduc par la défaite de Napoléon à Waterloo et le retour de la Monarchie de Louis XVIII. En 1818, la France abolit définitivement la traite négrière, toutefois, beaucoup de colonies décide d\'ignorer cet interdit malgré les peines d\'emprisonnement encourues pour son non-respect (jusqu\'à 30 ans de travaux forcés en 1831). En 1835. l\'esclavage est totalement abolit à Maurice, alors sous administration britannique, alors qu\'il faudra attendre 1848, en France, pour que le décret du 27 avril mette un terme définitif à cette pratique, entraînant la joie et la proclamation de leur liberté par les esclaves!\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1894 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/capture_d_ecran_2015-07-04_a_23.06.57_resultat-3cb52-300x207.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"207\" />\r\n\r\n<em>L\'abolition de l\'esclavage, une révolution européenne</em>\r\n\r\nL\'abolutionnisme est un véritable courant de pensée qui apparaît, en Europe - puis par extension en Amérique - fin XVIIIème siècle et qui a pour but d\'éradiquer la pratique esclavagiste. Concept radicalement nouveau et moderne, il impose un changement drastique au niveau de l\'organisation sociale, économique et politique d\'un système rentable et récent. Ceci explique donc les difficultés des abolutionnistes à faire accepter et perdurer un nouveau système de valeurs engendrant un tel boulversement des mentalités, mais surtout d\'un réseau socio-économique fructueux. Bien que des nombreuses résistances individuelles et collectives se manisfestèrent parmi les esclaves (comme le maronnage), il est à noter que le combat abolitionniste ne fut pas le leur mais véritablement celui des occidentaux eux-mêmes, revendiquant ainsi une orientation politique nouvelle visant à la destruction de tout une institution socio-économique florissante. C\'est la raison pour laquelle le mouvement abolutionniste fut progressif.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1895\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Abolition-de-lesclavage-237x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"237\" height=\"300\" /><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1897\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/ob_e77986_decret-abolition-convention-216x300-216x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"216\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\n<em>L\'esclavage à Maurice, entre perte et réinterprétation identitaire</em>\r\n\r\nLorsqu\'ils s\'installent dans l\'île, qu\'ils rebaptisent l\'<em>Isle de France, </em>les Français profitent de l\'adaptation du Code Noir pour les Mascareignes et font venir des esclaves de Madagascar et d\'Afrique, principalement orientale, pour exploiter le bois et cultiver le café, le poivre, puis, mi-XVIIIème siècle, la canne à sucre. En 1767, l\'île compte 20 000 habitants dont 15 000 esclaves. Issus de diverses ethnies, les esclaves d\'Afrique sont souvent qualifiés de \"Mozambiques\" afin de les distinguer des Malgaches, Indiens, créoles et des Africains libres présents à Maurice. Le déracinement provoqué par l\'esclavage - outre les profonds sentiments de désespoir et de peur que nous pouvons imaginer - aura de lourdes et inévitables conséquences sur l\'identité des \"nouveaux venus\" et laissera à jamais son empreinte dans un pays qui n\'aurait pu se construire sans eux. Le <em>Morne Brabant, </em>montagne située au sud-ouest de l\'île, constitue un haut lieu de la mémoire collective mauricienne et est inscrit, depuis 2008, au patrimoine mondial de l\'humanité de l\'Unesco. De nombreux esclaves en fuite (marrons) trouvèrent refuge dans ce lieu difficlement accessible, espérant ainsi échapper à la recapture. La légende veut que bon nombre d\'entre eux, préférant la mort aux châtiments - dont ils ne manqueraient pas d\'être victimes s\'ils étaient de nouveau capturés - et à une nouvelle privation de liberté (et tout ce qu\'elle supposait), se jetèrent du haut de la montagne alors que les soldats venaient les avertir de l\'abolition définitif de l\'esclavage. Les descendants de ces anciens esclaves sont aujourd\'hui des individus libres, pour la majorité d\'entre eux, métissés avec d\'autres mauriciens d\'autres ethnies, incarnant ainsi une réelle et nouvelle créolisation de l\'île. La perte identitaire dont leurs ancêtres ont été victimes a eu, au moins, l\'avantage de leur permettre de créer une nouvelle identité à part entière, unique, forte, toujours en devenir et porteuse d\'espoirs, ce qui est une chance incontestable, non seulement pour les nouvelles générations créoles mais toute la future génération mauricienne!\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1899\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Gravure-sega-300x166.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"385\" height=\"213\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Le séga, un marqueur de l\'identité mauricienne</p>\r\n ','L\'abolition de l\'esclavage à Maurice, une liberté acquise dans la douleur','','inherit','closed','closed','','1893-revision-v1','','','2019-02-01 14:19:35','2019-02-01 10:19:35','',1893,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1893-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1901,2,'2019-03-12 12:05:24','2019-03-12 08:05:24','Déjà un an que Maurice a fêté son demi siècle d\'indépendance! Les 50 ans de l\'indépendance en 2018 ont donné lieu à des rassemblements et festivités exceptionnelles avec la volonté de rassembler l\'ensemble du peuple mauricien autour du thême : \"<em>en sel lepep, en sel nation, en sel leker</em>...\". Le spectacle grandiose qui nous fut offert sur le Champ de Mars à Port-Louis ne s\'intitulait-il pas : \"<em>lame dan lame</em>\"?\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1903 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" />\r\n\r\nCe mardi 12 mars, nous célèbrerons le 51ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance de cette petite île de l\'Océan Indien, devenue une République à part entière. L\'occasion pour <em>Ethnikamauricia - </em>qui fête également en ce jour ses un an d\'existence - de demander à des Mauriciens, d\'origines ethniques et d\'âge différents, ce que représente cet anniversaire de l\'Indépendance pour eux, en 2019, et ce qu\'être mauricien aujourd\'hui. À eux la parole!\r\n\r\n\" L\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice a permis beaucoup de choses, notamment sa sortie du néant, son apparition claire sur une carte mondiale et, au fil du temps, elle est devenue une destination de rêve. Ce pays, de part son ascension, permet à chaque Mauricien d\'exprimer sa particularité et sa pluriculturalité. En tant que Mauricienne, je suis fière de mes racines cosmopolites. J\'assume grandement mon rôle de femme créole! Étant métisse et respectant la culture de tout un chacun . Pour moi, être Mauricienne veut dire \"manger un briani avec mes frères musulmans, marcher avec mes amis hindous pour Maha Shivaratree... Bref, pour résumer, être Mauricienne veut dire accepter l\'autre comme il est et surtout avec l\'idée de bien manger ! L\'Île Maurice réunit particulièrement toutes les communautés avec sa cuisine!\" <em>Cinthia A., 45 ans, Eau Coulée, </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1904 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">A doite, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, père de la nation, premier Premier Ministre de l\'Île Maurice indépendante</p>\r\n\"Quand on m\'a demandé d\'écrire sur ce que l\'indépendance de l\'île Maurice représentait pour moi, c\'était une réponse simple qui pourrait se résumer en un mot: rien. Et maintenant, je sais exactement ce qui vous passe par la tête: «Pourquoi cela ne signifie-t-il rien pour lui? Après tout, il est né ici, il vit ici, il est nourri par la nourriture qui y pousse». Laissez-moi vous expliquer, je ne suis pas né dans une famille d\'anciens esclaves, je suis né dans une famille d\'ouvriers anciens, ce qui signifie que nous sommes venus d\'Inde. Mais contrairement aux autres personnes à charge des travailleurs sous contrat, qui ont modifié et façonné l’hindouisme d’aujourd’hui sur l’île, nous sommes restés fidèles à ce que nos ancêtres croyaient et pratiquaient quotidiennement. Ce qui rend nos rituels différents de ceux de Maurice. Deuxièmement, nos valeurs, notre façon de penser et de nous comporter sont toutes très différentes de ce qui se pratique à Maurice. Dans notre maison, nous parlons deux langues: l\'hindi et l\'anglais. Nous parlons dans ces langues car ma mère et ma grand-mère sont toutes les deux indiennes. Ainsi, tout au long de mon éducation, on m\'a enseigné le mode de vie indien avec la façon dont je parle, pense ou même la musique que j\'écoute. Je ne peux pas m\'identifier à «l\'identité mauricienne», je suis indien, j\'ai la citoyenneté indienne, je visite l\'Inde tous les ans, je me sens plus chez moi là-bas qu\'ici. Pour moi, être mauricien, c\'est juste sur le papier...\" <em>Kesari G, 16 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1905 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">50 ans de l\'Indépendance. Champ de Mars, Port-Louis, 12 mars 2018.</p>\r\n\"12 March 1968 marked a turning point in the history of Mauritius the day it became independent. And its citizens like me gained our own identity and the freedom from our former colonial Mayer. This patriotic feeling soon gripped the entire nation and we felt we had a great sense of responsibility to ensure the success and prosperity of our country. Even those who fought against independence had joined the government to map the future of our country. We all knew it was our individual responsibility as the citizens to assist in its development as a free nation. From a mono economy it soon diversified its activities. Tourism, manufacturing and the financial sector services in addition to sugar export became the four pillar of the economy. What independent meant to me personally was the satisfaction and in such felt blessed that the country I grew up in and was educated I could proudly say was mine. As a citizen it meant that we must respect our motherland and ensure it’s prosperity. I think all of us felt this pride and in no time Mauritius was send as one the leading countries in Africa and a modelled democracy. I felt the urge to further my education and return to my life country and put my services to the benefit of Mauritius\". C.K.G., 71 ans, Floréal.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1906 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Timbres symbolisant l\'Indépendance de Maurice.</p>\r\n\" Pour moi, l\'indépendance de Maurice means \"la fin de la liberté pour mon peuple\", En effet, je suis Chagossien et, comme tout le monde le sait aujourd\'hui, l\'indépendance de l\'île s\'est fait au détriment des Chagos qui ont été vendus pr cela! Pour moi, c\'est un crime envers mon peuple qui a été sacrifié et que l\'on a exilé. Aujourd\'hui, je vis à Maurice et suis Mauricien, comme le sont mes enfants mais la blessure reste car nous restons attachés à la culture de nos ancêtres et nous nous sentons souvent oubliés. Pour moi la fête de l\'Indépendance est synonyme de souffrance, je ne la fête pas...\" <em>A.D., 49 ans. </em>\r\n\r\n\" La fête de l\'Indépendance pour moi, c\'était très important quand j\'étais en primaire et au collège car on faisait beaucoup de choses, on préparait l\'évènement, on apprennait l\'histoire, c\'était super! Aujourd\'hui j\'ai l\'mpression que je fais moins de choses. Mais je pense que c\'est important, important pour un pays pour un peuple d\'être indépendant. Être Mauricienne pour moi, aujourd\'hui, c\'est avoir des traditions différentes d\'autres personnes. Avoir une langue différente des autres. Quand on va à l\'étranger ou quand des étrangers viennent, ils peuvent penser que l\'on fait certaines choses bizarre, nous, ça nous fait rire, on est content! La cuisine aussi est imporante, j\'adore les faratas, les mines et autre. C\'est aussi ça être mauricien. Par exemple, quand on va quelque part, on amène nos mines et notre eau boullante, et on peut les manger n\'importe où! La bière Phoenix également, c\'est un symbole, on est fier! La musique aussi j\'adore! On adore le <em>Séga! </em>Quand on fait une fête entre amis, j\'attends toujours le moment où l\'on va mettre le <em>Séga</em>, c\'est super! C\'est tout ça pour moi être mauricien!\" <em>Madeleine, 17 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1898 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sega-mauricien-300x210.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n<div></div>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','La fête nationale : être mauricien aujourd\'hui...','','publish','open','open','','la-fete-nationale-etre-mauricien-aujourdhui','','','2019-03-12 15:36:29','2019-03-12 11:36:29','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1901',0,'post','',0),(1902,2,'2019-03-12 11:29:30','2019-03-12 07:29:30','','Hymne mauricien','','inherit','open','closed','','hymne-mauricien','','','2019-03-12 11:29:30','2019-03-12 07:29:30','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Hymne-mauricien.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1903,2,'2019-03-12 11:31:30','2019-03-12 07:31:30','','50 ans Independance','','inherit','open','closed','','50-ans-independance','','','2019-03-12 11:31:30','2019-03-12 07:31:30','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1904,2,'2019-03-12 11:54:25','2019-03-12 07:54:25','','Independence','','inherit','open','closed','','independence','','','2019-03-12 11:54:25','2019-03-12 07:54:25','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1905,2,'2019-03-12 11:57:27','2019-03-12 07:57:27','','50\'s Champ de mars','','inherit','open','closed','','50s-champ-de-mars','','','2019-03-12 11:57:27','2019-03-12 07:57:27','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1906,2,'2019-03-12 12:03:59','2019-03-12 08:03:59','','timbres indépendance','','inherit','open','closed','','timbres-independance','','','2019-03-12 12:03:59','2019-03-12 08:03:59','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1907,2,'2019-03-12 12:05:24','2019-03-12 08:05:24','Déjà un an que Maurice a fêter son demi siècle d\'indépendance! Les 50 ans de l\'indépendance en 2018 on t donné lieu à des rassemblements et festivités exceptionnelles avec la volonté de rassembler l\'ensemble du peuple mauricien autour du thême : \"<em>en sel lepep, en sel nation, en sel leker</em>...\". Le spectacle grandiose qui nous fut offert sur le Champ de Mars à Port-Louis ne s\'intitulait-il pas : \"<em>lame dan lame</em>\"?\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1903 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" />\r\n\r\nCe mardi 12 mars, nous célèbrerons le 51ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance de cette petite île de l\'Océan Indien, devenu une République à part entière. L\'occasion pour <em>Ethnikamauricia , </em>qui fête également en ce jour ses un an d\'existence, de demander à des Mauriciens, d\'origines ethniques et d\'âge différents, ce que représente cet anniversaire de l\'Indépendance pour eux,, en 2019 et ce qu\'être mauricien aujourd\'hui. À eux la parole!\r\n\r\n\" L\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice a permis beaucoup de choses, notamment sa sortie du néant, son apparition claire sur une carte mondiale et, au fil du temps, elle est devenue une destination de rêve. Ce pays, de part son ascension, permet à chaque Mauricien d\'exprimer sa particularité et sa pluriculturalité. En tant que Mauricienne, je suis fière de mes racines cosmopolites. J\'assume grandement mon rôle de femme créole! Étant métisse et respectant la culture de tout un chacun . Pour moi, être Mauricienne veut dire \"manger un briani avec mes frères musulmans, marcher avec mes amis hindous pour Maha Shivaratree... Bref, pour résumer, être Mauricienne veut dire accepter l\'autre comme il est et surtout avec l\'idée de bien manger ! L\'Île Maurice réunit particulièrement toutes les communautés avec sa cuisine!\" <em>Cinthia A., 45 ans, Eau Coulée, </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1904 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n\"Quand on m\'a demandé d\'écrire sur ce que l\'indépendance de l\'île Maurice représentait pour moi, c\'était une réponse simple qui pourrait se résumer en un mot: rien. Et maintenant, je sais exactement ce qui vous passe par la tête: «Pourquoi cela ne signifie-t-il rien pour lui? Après tout, il est né ici, il vit ici, il est nourri par la nourriture qui y pousse». Laissez-moi vous expliquer, je ne suis pas né dans une famille d\'anciens esclaves, je suis né dans une famille d\'ouvriers anciens, ce qui signifie que nous sommes venus d\'Inde. Mais contrairement aux autres personnes à charge des travailleurs sous contrat, qui ont modifié et façonné l’hindouisme d’aujourd’hui sur l’île, nous sommes restés fidèles à ce que nos ancêtres croyaient et pratiquaient quotidiennement. Ce qui rend nos rituels différents de ceux de Maurice. Deuxièmement, nos valeurs, notre façon de penser et de nous comporter sont toutes très différentes de ce qui se pratique à Maurice. Dans notre maison, nous parlons deux langues: l\'hindi et l\'anglais. Nous parlons dans ces langues car ma mère et ma grand-mère sont toutes les deux indiennes. Ainsi, tout au long de mon éducation, on m\'a enseigné le mode de vie indien avec la façon dont je parle, pense ou même la musique que j\'écoute. Je ne peux pas m\'identifier à «l\'identité mauricienne», je suis indienne, j\'ai la citoyenneté indienne, je visite l\'Inde tous les ans, je me sens plus chez moi là-bas qu\'ici. Pour moi, être mauricien, c\'est juste sur le papier...\" <em>Kesari G, 16 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n\"12 March 1968 marked a turning point in the history of Mauritius the day it became independent. And its citizens like me gained our own identity and the freedom from our former colonial Mayer. This patriotic feeling soon gripped the entire nation and we felt we had a great sense of responsibility to ensure the success and prosperity of our country. Even those who fought against independence had joined the government to map the future of our country. We all knew it was our individual responsibility as the citizens to assist in its development as a free nation. From a mono economy it soon diversified its activities. Tourism, manufacturing and the financial sector services in addition to sugar export became the four pillar of the economy.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1905 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\n50 ans de l\'Indépendance. Champ de Mars, Port-Louis, 12 mars 2018.\r\n\r\nWhat independent meant to me personally was the satisfaction and in such felt blessed that the country I grew up in and was educated I could proudly say was mine. As a citizen it meant that we must respect our motherland and ensure it’s prosperity. I think all of us felt this pride and in no time Mauritius was send as one the leading countries in Africa and a modelled democracy. I felt the urge to further my education and return to my life country and put my services to the benefit of Mauritius\". C.K.G., 71 ans, Floréal.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1906 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" />\r\n\r\nTimbres symbolisant l\'Indépendance de Maurice.\r\n\r\n\" Pour moi, l\'indépendance de Maurice means \"la fin de la liberté pour mon peuple\", En effet, je suis Chagossien et, comme tout le monde le sait aujourd\'hui, l\'indépendance de l\'île s\'est fait au détriment des Chagos qui ont été vendus pr cela! Pour moi, c\'est un crime envers mon peuple qui a été sacrifié et que l\'on a exilé. Aujourd\'hui, je vis à Maurice et suis Mauricien, comme le sont mes enfants mais la blessure reste car nous restons attachés à la culture de nos ancêtres et nous nous sentons souvent oubliés. Pour moi la fête de l\'Indépendance est synonyme de souffrance, je ne la fête pas...\" <em>A.D., 49 ans. </em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n<div></div>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','La fête nationale : être mauricien aujourd\'hui...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1901-revision-v1','','','2019-03-12 12:05:24','2019-03-12 08:05:24','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1901-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1908,2,'2019-03-12 15:36:04','2019-03-12 11:36:04','Déjà un an que Maurice a fêté son demi siècle d\'indépendance! Les 50 ans de l\'indépendance en 2018 ont donné lieu à des rassemblements et festivités exceptionnelles avec la volonté de rassembler l\'ensemble du peuple mauricien autour du thême : \"<em>en sel lepep, en sel nation, en sel leker</em>...\". Le spectacle grandiose qui nous fut offert sur le Champ de Mars à Port-Louis ne s\'intitulait-il pas : \"<em>lame dan lame</em>\"?\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1903 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" />\n\nCe mardi 12 mars, nous célèbrerons le 51ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance de cette petite île de l\'Océan Indien, devenue une République à part entière. L\'occasion pour <em>Ethnikamauricia - </em>qui fête également en ce jour ses un an d\'existence - de demander à des Mauriciens, d\'origines ethniques et d\'âge différents, ce que représente cet anniversaire de l\'Indépendance pour eux, en 2019, et ce qu\'être mauricien aujourd\'hui. À eux la parole!\n\n\" L\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice a permis beaucoup de choses, notamment sa sortie du néant, son apparition claire sur une carte mondiale et, au fil du temps, elle est devenue une destination de rêve. Ce pays, de part son ascension, permet à chaque Mauricien d\'exprimer sa particularité et sa pluriculturalité. En tant que Mauricienne, je suis fière de mes racines cosmopolites. J\'assume grandement mon rôle de femme créole! Étant métisse et respectant la culture de tout un chacun . Pour moi, être Mauricienne veut dire \"manger un briani avec mes frères musulmans, marcher avec mes amis hindous pour Maha Shivaratree... Bref, pour résumer, être Mauricienne veut dire accepter l\'autre comme il est et surtout avec l\'idée de bien manger ! L\'Île Maurice réunit particulièrement toutes les communautés avec sa cuisine!\" <em>Cinthia A., 45 ans, Eau Coulée, </em>\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1904 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" />\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">A doite, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, père de la nation, premier Premier Ministre de l\'Île Maurice indépendante</p>\n\"Quand on m\'a demandé d\'écrire sur ce que l\'indépendance de l\'île Maurice représentait pour moi, c\'était une réponse simple qui pourrait se résumer en un mot: rien. Et maintenant, je sais exactement ce qui vous passe par la tête: «Pourquoi cela ne signifie-t-il rien pour lui? Après tout, il est né ici, il vit ici, il est nourri par la nourriture qui y pousse». Laissez-moi vous expliquer, je ne suis pas né dans une famille d\'anciens esclaves, je suis né dans une famille d\'ouvriers anciens, ce qui signifie que nous sommes venus d\'Inde. Mais contrairement aux autres personnes à charge des travailleurs sous contrat, qui ont modifié et façonné l’hindouisme d’aujourd’hui sur l’île, nous sommes restés fidèles à ce que nos ancêtres croyaient et pratiquaient quotidiennement. Ce qui rend nos rituels différents de ceux de Maurice. Deuxièmement, nos valeurs, notre façon de penser et de nous comporter sont toutes très différentes de ce qui se pratique à Maurice. Dans notre maison, nous parlons deux langues: l\'hindi et l\'anglais. Nous parlons dans ces langues car ma mère et ma grand-mère sont toutes les deux indiennes. Ainsi, tout au long de mon éducation, on m\'a enseigné le mode de vie indien avec la façon dont je parle, pense ou même la musique que j\'écoute. Je ne peux pas m\'identifier à «l\'identité mauricienne», je suis indien, j\'ai la citoyenneté indienne, je visite l\'Inde tous les ans, je me sens plus chez moi là-bas qu\'ici. Pour moi, être mauricien, c\'est juste sur le papier...\" <em>Kesari G, 16 ans, Floréal.</em>\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1905 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">50 ans de l\'Indépendance. Champ de Mars, Port-Louis, 12 mars 2018.</p>\n\"12 March 1968 marked a turning point in the history of Mauritius the day it became independent. And its citizens like me gained our own identity and the freedom from our former colonial Mayer. This patriotic feeling soon gripped the entire nation and we felt we had a great sense of responsibility to ensure the success and prosperity of our country. Even those who fought against independence had joined the government to map the future of our country. We all knew it was our individual responsibility as the citizens to assist in its development as a free nation. From a mono economy it soon diversified its activities. Tourism, manufacturing and the financial sector services in addition to sugar export became the four pillar of the economy. What independent meant to me personally was the satisfaction and in such felt blessed that the country I grew up in and was educated I could proudly say was mine. As a citizen it meant that we must respect our motherland and ensure it’s prosperity. I think all of us felt this pride and in no time Mauritius was send as one the leading countries in Africa and a modelled democracy. I felt the urge to further my education and return to my life country and put my services to the benefit of Mauritius\". C.K.G., 71 ans, Floréal.\n\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1906 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" />\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Timbres symbolisant l\'Indépendance de Maurice.</p>\n\" Pour moi, l\'indépendance de Maurice means \"la fin de la liberté pour mon peuple\", En effet, je suis Chagossien et, comme tout le monde le sait aujourd\'hui, l\'indépendance de l\'île s\'est fait au détriment des Chagos qui ont été vendus pr cela! Pour moi, c\'est un crime envers mon peuple qui a été sacrifié et que l\'on a exilé. Aujourd\'hui, je vis à Maurice et suis Mauricien, comme le sont mes enfants mais la blessure reste car nous restons attachés à la culture de nos ancêtres et nous nous sentons souvent oubliés. Pour moi la fête de l\'Indépendance est synonyme de souffrance, je ne la fête pas...\" <em>A.D., 49 ans. </em>\n\n\" La fête de l\'Indépendance pour moi, c\'était très important quand j\'étais en primaire et au collège car on faisait beaucoup de choses, on préparait l\'évènement, on apprennait l\'histoire, c\'était super! Aujourd\'hui j\'ai l\'mpression que je fais moins de choses. Mais je pense que c\'est important, important pour un pays pour un peuple d\'être indépendant. Être Mauricienne pour moi, aujourd\'hui, c\'est avoir des traditions différentes d\'autres personnes. Avoir une langue différente des autres. Quand on va à l\'étranger ou quand des étrangers viennent, ils peuvent penser que l\'on fait certaines choses bizarre, nous, ça nous fait rire, on est content! La cuisine aussi est imporante, j\'adore les faratas, les mines et autre. C\'est aussi ça être mauricien. Par exemple, quand on va quelque part, on amène nos mines et notre eau boullante, et on peut les manger n\'importe où! La bière Phoenix également, c\'est un symbole, on est fier! La musique aussi j\'adore! On adore le <em>Séga! </em>Quand on fait une fête entre amis, j\'attends toujours le moment où l\'on va mettre le <em>Séga</em>, c\'est super! C\'est tout ça pour moi être mauricien!\" <em>Madeleine, 17 ans, Floréal.</em>\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n<div></div>\n \n\n ','La fête nationale : être mauricien aujourd\'hui...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1901-autosave-v1','','','2019-03-12 15:36:04','2019-03-12 11:36:04','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1901-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1911,2,'2019-03-12 15:14:02','2019-03-12 11:14:02','Déjà un an que Maurice a fêter son demi siècle d\'indépendance! Les 50 ans de l\'indépendance en 2018 on t donné lieu à des rassemblements et festivités exceptionnelles avec la volonté de rassembler l\'ensemble du peuple mauricien autour du thême : \"<em>en sel lepep, en sel nation, en sel leker</em>...\". Le spectacle grandiose qui nous fut offert sur le Champ de Mars à Port-Louis ne s\'intitulait-il pas : \"<em>lame dan lame</em>\"?\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1903 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" />\r\n\r\nCe mardi 12 mars, nous célèbrerons le 51ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance de cette petite île de l\'Océan Indien, devenu une République à part entière. L\'occasion pour <em>Ethnikamauricia , </em>qui fête également en ce jour ses un an d\'existence, de demander à des Mauriciens, d\'origines ethniques et d\'âge différents, ce que représente cet anniversaire de l\'Indépendance pour eux,, en 2019 et ce qu\'être mauricien aujourd\'hui. À eux la parole!\r\n\r\n\" L\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice a permis beaucoup de choses, notamment sa sortie du néant, son apparition claire sur une carte mondiale et, au fil du temps, elle est devenue une destination de rêve. Ce pays, de part son ascension, permet à chaque Mauricien d\'exprimer sa particularité et sa pluriculturalité. En tant que Mauricienne, je suis fière de mes racines cosmopolites. J\'assume grandement mon rôle de femme créole! Étant métisse et respectant la culture de tout un chacun . Pour moi, être Mauricienne veut dire \"manger un briani avec mes frères musulmans, marcher avec mes amis hindous pour Maha Shivaratree... Bref, pour résumer, être Mauricienne veut dire accepter l\'autre comme il est et surtout avec l\'idée de bien manger ! L\'Île Maurice réunit particulièrement toutes les communautés avec sa cuisine!\" <em>Cinthia A., 45 ans, Eau Coulée, </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1904 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n\"Quand on m\'a demandé d\'écrire sur ce que l\'indépendance de l\'île Maurice représentait pour moi, c\'était une réponse simple qui pourrait se résumer en un mot: rien. Et maintenant, je sais exactement ce qui vous passe par la tête: «Pourquoi cela ne signifie-t-il rien pour lui? Après tout, il est né ici, il vit ici, il est nourri par la nourriture qui y pousse». Laissez-moi vous expliquer, je ne suis pas né dans une famille d\'anciens esclaves, je suis né dans une famille d\'ouvriers anciens, ce qui signifie que nous sommes venus d\'Inde. Mais contrairement aux autres personnes à charge des travailleurs sous contrat, qui ont modifié et façonné l’hindouisme d’aujourd’hui sur l’île, nous sommes restés fidèles à ce que nos ancêtres croyaient et pratiquaient quotidiennement. Ce qui rend nos rituels différents de ceux de Maurice. Deuxièmement, nos valeurs, notre façon de penser et de nous comporter sont toutes très différentes de ce qui se pratique à Maurice. Dans notre maison, nous parlons deux langues: l\'hindi et l\'anglais. Nous parlons dans ces langues car ma mère et ma grand-mère sont toutes les deux indiennes. Ainsi, tout au long de mon éducation, on m\'a enseigné le mode de vie indien avec la façon dont je parle, pense ou même la musique que j\'écoute. Je ne peux pas m\'identifier à «l\'identité mauricienne», je suis indien, j\'ai la citoyenneté indienne, je visite l\'Inde tous les ans, je me sens plus chez moi là-bas qu\'ici. Pour moi, être mauricien, c\'est juste sur le papier...\" <em>Kesari G, 16 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1905 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">50 ans de l\'Indépendance. Champ de Mars, Port-Louis, 12 mars 2018.</p>\r\n\"12 March 1968 marked a turning point in the history of Mauritius the day it became independent. And its citizens like me gained our own identity and the freedom from our former colonial Mayer. This patriotic feeling soon gripped the entire nation and we felt we had a great sense of responsibility to ensure the success and prosperity of our country. Even those who fought against independence had joined the government to map the future of our country. We all knew it was our individual responsibility as the citizens to assist in its development as a free nation. From a mono economy it soon diversified its activities. Tourism, manufacturing and the financial sector services in addition to sugar export became the four pillar of the economy.\r\n\r\nWhat independent meant to me personally was the satisfaction and in such felt blessed that the country I grew up in and was educated I could proudly say was mine. As a citizen it meant that we must respect our motherland and ensure it’s prosperity. I think all of us felt this pride and in no time Mauritius was send as one the leading countries in Africa and a modelled democracy. I felt the urge to further my education and return to my life country and put my services to the benefit of Mauritius\". C.K.G., 71 ans, Floréal.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1906 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Timbres symbolisant l\'Indépendance de Maurice.</p>\r\n\" Pour moi, l\'indépendance de Maurice means \"la fin de la liberté pour mon peuple\", En effet, je suis Chagossien et, comme tout le monde le sait aujourd\'hui, l\'indépendance de l\'île s\'est fait au détriment des Chagos qui ont été vendus pr cela! Pour moi, c\'est un crime envers mon peuple qui a été sacrifié et que l\'on a exilé. Aujourd\'hui, je vis à Maurice et suis Mauricien, comme le sont mes enfants mais la blessure reste car nous restons attachés à la culture de nos ancêtres et nous nous sentons souvent oubliés. Pour moi la fête de l\'Indépendance est synonyme de souffrance, je ne la fête pas...\" <em>A.D., 49 ans. </em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n<div></div>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','La fête nationale : être mauricien aujourd\'hui...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1901-revision-v1','','','2019-03-12 15:14:02','2019-03-12 11:14:02','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1901-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1912,2,'2019-03-12 15:25:07','2019-03-12 11:25:07','Déjà un an que Maurice a fêter son demi siècle d\'indépendance! Les 50 ans de l\'indépendance en 2018 on t donné lieu à des rassemblements et festivités exceptionnelles avec la volonté de rassembler l\'ensemble du peuple mauricien autour du thême : \"<em>en sel lepep, en sel nation, en sel leker</em>...\". Le spectacle grandiose qui nous fut offert sur le Champ de Mars à Port-Louis ne s\'intitulait-il pas : \"<em>lame dan lame</em>\"?\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1903 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" />\r\n\r\nCe mardi 12 mars, nous célèbrerons le 51ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance de cette petite île de l\'Océan Indien, devenu une République à part entière. L\'occasion pour <em>Ethnikamauricia , </em>qui fête également en ce jour ses un an d\'existence, de demander à des Mauriciens, d\'origines ethniques et d\'âge différents, ce que représente cet anniversaire de l\'Indépendance pour eux,, en 2019 et ce qu\'être mauricien aujourd\'hui. À eux la parole!\r\n\r\n\" L\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice a permis beaucoup de choses, notamment sa sortie du néant, son apparition claire sur une carte mondiale et, au fil du temps, elle est devenue une destination de rêve. Ce pays, de part son ascension, permet à chaque Mauricien d\'exprimer sa particularité et sa pluriculturalité. En tant que Mauricienne, je suis fière de mes racines cosmopolites. J\'assume grandement mon rôle de femme créole! Étant métisse et respectant la culture de tout un chacun . Pour moi, être Mauricienne veut dire \"manger un briani avec mes frères musulmans, marcher avec mes amis hindous pour Maha Shivaratree... Bref, pour résumer, être Mauricienne veut dire accepter l\'autre comme il est et surtout avec l\'idée de bien manger ! L\'Île Maurice réunit particulièrement toutes les communautés avec sa cuisine!\" <em>Cinthia A., 45 ans, Eau Coulée, </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1904 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n\"Quand on m\'a demandé d\'écrire sur ce que l\'indépendance de l\'île Maurice représentait pour moi, c\'était une réponse simple qui pourrait se résumer en un mot: rien. Et maintenant, je sais exactement ce qui vous passe par la tête: «Pourquoi cela ne signifie-t-il rien pour lui? Après tout, il est né ici, il vit ici, il est nourri par la nourriture qui y pousse». Laissez-moi vous expliquer, je ne suis pas né dans une famille d\'anciens esclaves, je suis né dans une famille d\'ouvriers anciens, ce qui signifie que nous sommes venus d\'Inde. Mais contrairement aux autres personnes à charge des travailleurs sous contrat, qui ont modifié et façonné l’hindouisme d’aujourd’hui sur l’île, nous sommes restés fidèles à ce que nos ancêtres croyaient et pratiquaient quotidiennement. Ce qui rend nos rituels différents de ceux de Maurice. Deuxièmement, nos valeurs, notre façon de penser et de nous comporter sont toutes très différentes de ce qui se pratique à Maurice. Dans notre maison, nous parlons deux langues: l\'hindi et l\'anglais. Nous parlons dans ces langues car ma mère et ma grand-mère sont toutes les deux indiennes. Ainsi, tout au long de mon éducation, on m\'a enseigné le mode de vie indien avec la façon dont je parle, pense ou même la musique que j\'écoute. Je ne peux pas m\'identifier à «l\'identité mauricienne», je suis indien, j\'ai la citoyenneté indienne, je visite l\'Inde tous les ans, je me sens plus chez moi là-bas qu\'ici. Pour moi, être mauricien, c\'est juste sur le papier...\" <em>Kesari G, 16 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1905 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">50 ans de l\'Indépendance. Champ de Mars, Port-Louis, 12 mars 2018.</p>\r\n\"12 March 1968 marked a turning point in the history of Mauritius the day it became independent. And its citizens like me gained our own identity and the freedom from our former colonial Mayer. This patriotic feeling soon gripped the entire nation and we felt we had a great sense of responsibility to ensure the success and prosperity of our country. Even those who fought against independence had joined the government to map the future of our country. We all knew it was our individual responsibility as the citizens to assist in its development as a free nation. From a mono economy it soon diversified its activities. Tourism, manufacturing and the financial sector services in addition to sugar export became the four pillar of the economy.\r\n\r\nWhat independent meant to me personally was the satisfaction and in such felt blessed that the country I grew up in and was educated I could proudly say was mine. As a citizen it meant that we must respect our motherland and ensure it’s prosperity. I think all of us felt this pride and in no time Mauritius was send as one the leading countries in Africa and a modelled democracy. I felt the urge to further my education and return to my life country and put my services to the benefit of Mauritius\". C.K.G., 71 ans, Floréal.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1906 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Timbres symbolisant l\'Indépendance de Maurice.</p>\r\n\" Pour moi, l\'indépendance de Maurice means \"la fin de la liberté pour mon peuple\", En effet, je suis Chagossien et, comme tout le monde le sait aujourd\'hui, l\'indépendance de l\'île s\'est fait au détriment des Chagos qui ont été vendus pr cela! Pour moi, c\'est un crime envers mon peuple qui a été sacrifié et que l\'on a exilé. Aujourd\'hui, je vis à Maurice et suis Mauricien, comme le sont mes enfants mais la blessure reste car nous restons attachés à la culture de nos ancêtres et nous nous sentons souvent oubliés. Pour moi la fête de l\'Indépendance est synonyme de souffrance, je ne la fête pas...\" <em>A.D., 49 ans. </em>\r\n\r\n\" La fête de l\'Indépendance pour moi, c\'était très important quand j\'étais en primaire et au collège car on faisait beaucoup de choses, on préparait l\'évènement, on apprennait l\'histoire, c\'était super! Aujourd\'hui j\'ai l\'mpression que je fais moins de choses. Mais je pense que c\'est important, important pour un pays pour un peuple d\'être indépendant. Être Mauricienne pour moi, aujourd\'hui, c\'est avoir des traditions différentes d\'autres personnes. Avoir une langue différente des autres. Quand on va à l\'étranger ou quand des étrangers viennent, ils peuvent penser que l\'on fait certaines choses bizarre, nous, ça nous fait rire, on est content! La cuisine aussi est imporante, j\'adore les faratas, les mines et autre. C\'est aussi ça être mauricien. Par exemple, quand on va quelque part, on amène nos mines et notre eau boullante, et on peut les manger n\'importe où! La bière Phoenix également, c\'est un symbole, on est fier! La musique aussi j\'adore! On adore le <em>Séga! </em>Quand on fait une fête entre amis, j\'attends toujours le moment où l\'on va mettre le <em>Séga</em>, c\'est super! C\'est tout ça pour moi être mauricien!\" <em>Madeleine, 17 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n<div></div>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','La fête nationale : être mauricien aujourd\'hui...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1901-revision-v1','','','2019-03-12 15:25:07','2019-03-12 11:25:07','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1901-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1913,2,'2019-03-12 15:27:48','2019-03-12 11:27:48','Déjà un an que Maurice a fêter son demi siècle d\'indépendance! Les 50 ans de l\'indépendance en 2018 on t donné lieu à des rassemblements et festivités exceptionnelles avec la volonté de rassembler l\'ensemble du peuple mauricien autour du thême : \"<em>en sel lepep, en sel nation, en sel leker</em>...\". Le spectacle grandiose qui nous fut offert sur le Champ de Mars à Port-Louis ne s\'intitulait-il pas : \"<em>lame dan lame</em>\"?\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1903 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" />\r\n\r\nCe mardi 12 mars, nous célèbrerons le 51ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance de cette petite île de l\'Océan Indien, devenu une République à part entière. L\'occasion pour <em>Ethnikamauricia , </em>qui fête également en ce jour ses un an d\'existence, de demander à des Mauriciens, d\'origines ethniques et d\'âge différents, ce que représente cet anniversaire de l\'Indépendance pour eux,, en 2019 et ce qu\'être mauricien aujourd\'hui. À eux la parole!\r\n\r\n\" L\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice a permis beaucoup de choses, notamment sa sortie du néant, son apparition claire sur une carte mondiale et, au fil du temps, elle est devenue une destination de rêve. Ce pays, de part son ascension, permet à chaque Mauricien d\'exprimer sa particularité et sa pluriculturalité. En tant que Mauricienne, je suis fière de mes racines cosmopolites. J\'assume grandement mon rôle de femme créole! Étant métisse et respectant la culture de tout un chacun . Pour moi, être Mauricienne veut dire \"manger un briani avec mes frères musulmans, marcher avec mes amis hindous pour Maha Shivaratree... Bref, pour résumer, être Mauricienne veut dire accepter l\'autre comme il est et surtout avec l\'idée de bien manger ! L\'Île Maurice réunit particulièrement toutes les communautés avec sa cuisine!\" <em>Cinthia A., 45 ans, Eau Coulée, </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1904 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">A doite, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, père de la nation, premier Premier Ministre de l\'<em></em>Île Maurice libre.</p>\r\n\"Quand on m\'a demandé d\'écrire sur ce que l\'indépendance de l\'île Maurice représentait pour moi, c\'était une réponse simple qui pourrait se résumer en un mot: rien. Et maintenant, je sais exactement ce qui vous passe par la tête: «Pourquoi cela ne signifie-t-il rien pour lui? Après tout, il est né ici, il vit ici, il est nourri par la nourriture qui y pousse». Laissez-moi vous expliquer, je ne suis pas né dans une famille d\'anciens esclaves, je suis né dans une famille d\'ouvriers anciens, ce qui signifie que nous sommes venus d\'Inde. Mais contrairement aux autres personnes à charge des travailleurs sous contrat, qui ont modifié et façonné l’hindouisme d’aujourd’hui sur l’île, nous sommes restés fidèles à ce que nos ancêtres croyaient et pratiquaient quotidiennement. Ce qui rend nos rituels différents de ceux de Maurice. Deuxièmement, nos valeurs, notre façon de penser et de nous comporter sont toutes très différentes de ce qui se pratique à Maurice. Dans notre maison, nous parlons deux langues: l\'hindi et l\'anglais. Nous parlons dans ces langues car ma mère et ma grand-mère sont toutes les deux indiennes. Ainsi, tout au long de mon éducation, on m\'a enseigné le mode de vie indien avec la façon dont je parle, pense ou même la musique que j\'écoute. Je ne peux pas m\'identifier à «l\'identité mauricienne», je suis indien, j\'ai la citoyenneté indienne, je visite l\'Inde tous les ans, je me sens plus chez moi là-bas qu\'ici. Pour moi, être mauricien, c\'est juste sur le papier...\" <em>Kesari G, 16 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1905 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">50 ans de l\'Indépendance. Champ de Mars, Port-Louis, 12 mars 2018.</p>\r\n\"12 March 1968 marked a turning point in the history of Mauritius the day it became independent. And its citizens like me gained our own identity and the freedom from our former colonial Mayer. This patriotic feeling soon gripped the entire nation and we felt we had a great sense of responsibility to ensure the success and prosperity of our country. Even those who fought against independence had joined the government to map the future of our country. We all knew it was our individual responsibility as the citizens to assist in its development as a free nation. From a mono economy it soon diversified its activities. Tourism, manufacturing and the financial sector services in addition to sugar export became the four pillar of the economy.\r\n\r\nWhat independent meant to me personally was the satisfaction and in such felt blessed that the country I grew up in and was educated I could proudly say was mine. As a citizen it meant that we must respect our motherland and ensure it’s prosperity. I think all of us felt this pride and in no time Mauritius was send as one the leading countries in Africa and a modelled democracy. I felt the urge to further my education and return to my life country and put my services to the benefit of Mauritius\". C.K.G., 71 ans, Floréal.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1906 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Timbres symbolisant l\'Indépendance de Maurice.</p>\r\n\" Pour moi, l\'indépendance de Maurice means \"la fin de la liberté pour mon peuple\", En effet, je suis Chagossien et, comme tout le monde le sait aujourd\'hui, l\'indépendance de l\'île s\'est fait au détriment des Chagos qui ont été vendus pr cela! Pour moi, c\'est un crime envers mon peuple qui a été sacrifié et que l\'on a exilé. Aujourd\'hui, je vis à Maurice et suis Mauricien, comme le sont mes enfants mais la blessure reste car nous restons attachés à la culture de nos ancêtres et nous nous sentons souvent oubliés. Pour moi la fête de l\'Indépendance est synonyme de souffrance, je ne la fête pas...\" <em>A.D., 49 ans. </em>\r\n\r\n\" La fête de l\'Indépendance pour moi, c\'était très important quand j\'étais en primaire et au collège car on faisait beaucoup de choses, on préparait l\'évènement, on apprennait l\'histoire, c\'était super! Aujourd\'hui j\'ai l\'mpression que je fais moins de choses. Mais je pense que c\'est important, important pour un pays pour un peuple d\'être indépendant. Être Mauricienne pour moi, aujourd\'hui, c\'est avoir des traditions différentes d\'autres personnes. Avoir une langue différente des autres. Quand on va à l\'étranger ou quand des étrangers viennent, ils peuvent penser que l\'on fait certaines choses bizarre, nous, ça nous fait rire, on est content! La cuisine aussi est imporante, j\'adore les faratas, les mines et autre. C\'est aussi ça être mauricien. Par exemple, quand on va quelque part, on amène nos mines et notre eau boullante, et on peut les manger n\'importe où! La bière Phoenix également, c\'est un symbole, on est fier! La musique aussi j\'adore! On adore le <em>Séga! </em>Quand on fait une fête entre amis, j\'attends toujours le moment où l\'on va mettre le <em>Séga</em>, c\'est super! C\'est tout ça pour moi être mauricien!\" <em>Madeleine, 17 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n<div></div>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','La fête nationale : être mauricien aujourd\'hui...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1901-revision-v1','','','2019-03-12 15:27:48','2019-03-12 11:27:48','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1901-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1914,2,'2019-03-12 15:32:54','2019-03-12 11:32:54','Déjà un an que Maurice a fêté son demi siècle d\'indépendance! Les 50 ans de l\'indépendance en 2018 ont donné lieu à des rassemblements et festivités exceptionnelles avec la volonté de rassembler l\'ensemble du peuple mauricien autour du thême : \"<em>en sel lepep, en sel nation, en sel leker</em>...\". Le spectacle grandiose qui nous fut offert sur le Champ de Mars à Port-Louis ne s\'intitulait-il pas : \"<em>lame dan lame</em>\"?\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1903 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" />\r\n\r\nCe mardi 12 mars, nous célèbrerons le 51ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance de cette petite île de l\'Océan Indien, devenue une République à part entière. L\'occasion pour <em>Ethnikamauricia - </em>qui fête également en ce jour ses un an d\'existence - de demander à des Mauriciens, d\'origines ethniques et d\'âge différents, ce que représente cet anniversaire de l\'Indépendance pour eux, en 2019, et ce qu\'être mauricien aujourd\'hui. À eux la parole!\r\n\r\n\" L\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice a permis beaucoup de choses, notamment sa sortie du néant, son apparition claire sur une carte mondiale et, au fil du temps, elle est devenue une destination de rêve. Ce pays, de part son ascension, permet à chaque Mauricien d\'exprimer sa particularité et sa pluriculturalité. En tant que Mauricienne, je suis fière de mes racines cosmopolites. J\'assume grandement mon rôle de femme créole! Étant métisse et respectant la culture de tout un chacun . Pour moi, être Mauricienne veut dire \"manger un briani avec mes frères musulmans, marcher avec mes amis hindous pour Maha Shivaratree... Bref, pour résumer, être Mauricienne veut dire accepter l\'autre comme il est et surtout avec l\'idée de bien manger ! L\'Île Maurice réunit particulièrement toutes les communautés avec sa cuisine!\" <em>Cinthia A., 45 ans, Eau Coulée, </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1904 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">A doite, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, père de la nation, premier Premier Ministre de l\'Île Maurice indépendante</p>\r\n\"Quand on m\'a demandé d\'écrire sur ce que l\'indépendance de l\'île Maurice représentait pour moi, c\'était une réponse simple qui pourrait se résumer en un mot: rien. Et maintenant, je sais exactement ce qui vous passe par la tête: «Pourquoi cela ne signifie-t-il rien pour lui? Après tout, il est né ici, il vit ici, il est nourri par la nourriture qui y pousse». Laissez-moi vous expliquer, je ne suis pas né dans une famille d\'anciens esclaves, je suis né dans une famille d\'ouvriers anciens, ce qui signifie que nous sommes venus d\'Inde. Mais contrairement aux autres personnes à charge des travailleurs sous contrat, qui ont modifié et façonné l’hindouisme d’aujourd’hui sur l’île, nous sommes restés fidèles à ce que nos ancêtres croyaient et pratiquaient quotidiennement. Ce qui rend nos rituels différents de ceux de Maurice. Deuxièmement, nos valeurs, notre façon de penser et de nous comporter sont toutes très différentes de ce qui se pratique à Maurice. Dans notre maison, nous parlons deux langues: l\'hindi et l\'anglais. Nous parlons dans ces langues car ma mère et ma grand-mère sont toutes les deux indiennes. Ainsi, tout au long de mon éducation, on m\'a enseigné le mode de vie indien avec la façon dont je parle, pense ou même la musique que j\'écoute. Je ne peux pas m\'identifier à «l\'identité mauricienne», je suis indien, j\'ai la citoyenneté indienne, je visite l\'Inde tous les ans, je me sens plus chez moi là-bas qu\'ici. Pour moi, être mauricien, c\'est juste sur le papier...\" <em>Kesari G, 16 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1905 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">50 ans de l\'Indépendance. Champ de Mars, Port-Louis, 12 mars 2018.</p>\r\n\"12 March 1968 marked a turning point in the history of Mauritius the day it became independent. And its citizens like me gained our own identity and the freedom from our former colonial Mayer. This patriotic feeling soon gripped the entire nation and we felt we had a great sense of responsibility to ensure the success and prosperity of our country. Even those who fought against independence had joined the government to map the future of our country. We all knew it was our individual responsibility as the citizens to assist in its development as a free nation. From a mono economy it soon diversified its activities. Tourism, manufacturing and the financial sector services in addition to sugar export became the four pillar of the economy. What independent meant to me personally was the satisfaction and in such felt blessed that the country I grew up in and was educated I could proudly say was mine. As a citizen it meant that we must respect our motherland and ensure it’s prosperity. I think all of us felt this pride and in no time Mauritius was send as one the leading countries in Africa and a modelled democracy. I felt the urge to further my education and return to my life country and put my services to the benefit of Mauritius\". C.K.G., 71 ans, Floréal.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1906 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Timbres symbolisant l\'Indépendance de Maurice.</p>\r\n\" Pour moi, l\'indépendance de Maurice means \"la fin de la liberté pour mon peuple\", En effet, je suis Chagossien et, comme tout le monde le sait aujourd\'hui, l\'indépendance de l\'île s\'est fait au détriment des Chagos qui ont été vendus pr cela! Pour moi, c\'est un crime envers mon peuple qui a été sacrifié et que l\'on a exilé. Aujourd\'hui, je vis à Maurice et suis Mauricien, comme le sont mes enfants mais la blessure reste car nous restons attachés à la culture de nos ancêtres et nous nous sentons souvent oubliés. Pour moi la fête de l\'Indépendance est synonyme de souffrance, je ne la fête pas...\" <em>A.D., 49 ans. </em>\r\n\r\n\" La fête de l\'Indépendance pour moi, c\'était très important quand j\'étais en primaire et au collège car on faisait beaucoup de choses, on préparait l\'évènement, on apprennait l\'histoire, c\'était super! Aujourd\'hui j\'ai l\'mpression que je fais moins de choses. Mais je pense que c\'est important, important pour un pays pour un peuple d\'être indépendant. Être Mauricienne pour moi, aujourd\'hui, c\'est avoir des traditions différentes d\'autres personnes. Avoir une langue différente des autres. Quand on va à l\'étranger ou quand des étrangers viennent, ils peuvent penser que l\'on fait certaines choses bizarre, nous, ça nous fait rire, on est content! La cuisine aussi est imporante, j\'adore les faratas, les mines et autre. C\'est aussi ça être mauricien. Par exemple, quand on va quelque part, on amène nos mines et notre eau boullante, et on peut les manger n\'importe où! La bière Phoenix également, c\'est un symbole, on est fier! La musique aussi j\'adore! On adore le <em>Séga! </em>Quand on fait une fête entre amis, j\'attends toujours le moment où l\'on va mettre le <em>Séga</em>, c\'est super! C\'est tout ça pour moi être mauricien!\" <em>Madeleine, 17 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n<div></div>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','La fête nationale : être mauricien aujourd\'hui...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1901-revision-v1','','','2019-03-12 15:32:54','2019-03-12 11:32:54','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1901-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1915,2,'2019-03-12 15:36:29','2019-03-12 11:36:29','Déjà un an que Maurice a fêté son demi siècle d\'indépendance! Les 50 ans de l\'indépendance en 2018 ont donné lieu à des rassemblements et festivités exceptionnelles avec la volonté de rassembler l\'ensemble du peuple mauricien autour du thême : \"<em>en sel lepep, en sel nation, en sel leker</em>...\". Le spectacle grandiose qui nous fut offert sur le Champ de Mars à Port-Louis ne s\'intitulait-il pas : \"<em>lame dan lame</em>\"?\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1903 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50-ans-Independance-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" />\r\n\r\nCe mardi 12 mars, nous célèbrerons le 51ème anniversaire de l\'Indépendance de cette petite île de l\'Océan Indien, devenue une République à part entière. L\'occasion pour <em>Ethnikamauricia - </em>qui fête également en ce jour ses un an d\'existence - de demander à des Mauriciens, d\'origines ethniques et d\'âge différents, ce que représente cet anniversaire de l\'Indépendance pour eux, en 2019, et ce qu\'être mauricien aujourd\'hui. À eux la parole!\r\n\r\n\" L\'indépendance de l\'Île Maurice a permis beaucoup de choses, notamment sa sortie du néant, son apparition claire sur une carte mondiale et, au fil du temps, elle est devenue une destination de rêve. Ce pays, de part son ascension, permet à chaque Mauricien d\'exprimer sa particularité et sa pluriculturalité. En tant que Mauricienne, je suis fière de mes racines cosmopolites. J\'assume grandement mon rôle de femme créole! Étant métisse et respectant la culture de tout un chacun . Pour moi, être Mauricienne veut dire \"manger un briani avec mes frères musulmans, marcher avec mes amis hindous pour Maha Shivaratree... Bref, pour résumer, être Mauricienne veut dire accepter l\'autre comme il est et surtout avec l\'idée de bien manger ! L\'Île Maurice réunit particulièrement toutes les communautés avec sa cuisine!\" <em>Cinthia A., 45 ans, Eau Coulée, </em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1904 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Independence-242x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"300\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">A doite, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, père de la nation, premier Premier Ministre de l\'Île Maurice indépendante</p>\r\n\"Quand on m\'a demandé d\'écrire sur ce que l\'indépendance de l\'île Maurice représentait pour moi, c\'était une réponse simple qui pourrait se résumer en un mot: rien. Et maintenant, je sais exactement ce qui vous passe par la tête: «Pourquoi cela ne signifie-t-il rien pour lui? Après tout, il est né ici, il vit ici, il est nourri par la nourriture qui y pousse». Laissez-moi vous expliquer, je ne suis pas né dans une famille d\'anciens esclaves, je suis né dans une famille d\'ouvriers anciens, ce qui signifie que nous sommes venus d\'Inde. Mais contrairement aux autres personnes à charge des travailleurs sous contrat, qui ont modifié et façonné l’hindouisme d’aujourd’hui sur l’île, nous sommes restés fidèles à ce que nos ancêtres croyaient et pratiquaient quotidiennement. Ce qui rend nos rituels différents de ceux de Maurice. Deuxièmement, nos valeurs, notre façon de penser et de nous comporter sont toutes très différentes de ce qui se pratique à Maurice. Dans notre maison, nous parlons deux langues: l\'hindi et l\'anglais. Nous parlons dans ces langues car ma mère et ma grand-mère sont toutes les deux indiennes. Ainsi, tout au long de mon éducation, on m\'a enseigné le mode de vie indien avec la façon dont je parle, pense ou même la musique que j\'écoute. Je ne peux pas m\'identifier à «l\'identité mauricienne», je suis indien, j\'ai la citoyenneté indienne, je visite l\'Inde tous les ans, je me sens plus chez moi là-bas qu\'ici. Pour moi, être mauricien, c\'est juste sur le papier...\" <em>Kesari G, 16 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1905 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/50s-Champ-de-mars-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">50 ans de l\'Indépendance. Champ de Mars, Port-Louis, 12 mars 2018.</p>\r\n\"12 March 1968 marked a turning point in the history of Mauritius the day it became independent. And its citizens like me gained our own identity and the freedom from our former colonial Mayer. This patriotic feeling soon gripped the entire nation and we felt we had a great sense of responsibility to ensure the success and prosperity of our country. Even those who fought against independence had joined the government to map the future of our country. We all knew it was our individual responsibility as the citizens to assist in its development as a free nation. From a mono economy it soon diversified its activities. Tourism, manufacturing and the financial sector services in addition to sugar export became the four pillar of the economy. What independent meant to me personally was the satisfaction and in such felt blessed that the country I grew up in and was educated I could proudly say was mine. As a citizen it meant that we must respect our motherland and ensure it’s prosperity. I think all of us felt this pride and in no time Mauritius was send as one the leading countries in Africa and a modelled democracy. I felt the urge to further my education and return to my life country and put my services to the benefit of Mauritius\". C.K.G., 71 ans, Floréal.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1906 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/timbres-indépendance-300x146.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"146\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Timbres symbolisant l\'Indépendance de Maurice.</p>\r\n\" Pour moi, l\'indépendance de Maurice means \"la fin de la liberté pour mon peuple\", En effet, je suis Chagossien et, comme tout le monde le sait aujourd\'hui, l\'indépendance de l\'île s\'est fait au détriment des Chagos qui ont été vendus pr cela! Pour moi, c\'est un crime envers mon peuple qui a été sacrifié et que l\'on a exilé. Aujourd\'hui, je vis à Maurice et suis Mauricien, comme le sont mes enfants mais la blessure reste car nous restons attachés à la culture de nos ancêtres et nous nous sentons souvent oubliés. Pour moi la fête de l\'Indépendance est synonyme de souffrance, je ne la fête pas...\" <em>A.D., 49 ans. </em>\r\n\r\n\" La fête de l\'Indépendance pour moi, c\'était très important quand j\'étais en primaire et au collège car on faisait beaucoup de choses, on préparait l\'évènement, on apprennait l\'histoire, c\'était super! Aujourd\'hui j\'ai l\'mpression que je fais moins de choses. Mais je pense que c\'est important, important pour un pays pour un peuple d\'être indépendant. Être Mauricienne pour moi, aujourd\'hui, c\'est avoir des traditions différentes d\'autres personnes. Avoir une langue différente des autres. Quand on va à l\'étranger ou quand des étrangers viennent, ils peuvent penser que l\'on fait certaines choses bizarre, nous, ça nous fait rire, on est content! La cuisine aussi est imporante, j\'adore les faratas, les mines et autre. C\'est aussi ça être mauricien. Par exemple, quand on va quelque part, on amène nos mines et notre eau boullante, et on peut les manger n\'importe où! La bière Phoenix également, c\'est un symbole, on est fier! La musique aussi j\'adore! On adore le <em>Séga! </em>Quand on fait une fête entre amis, j\'attends toujours le moment où l\'on va mettre le <em>Séga</em>, c\'est super! C\'est tout ça pour moi être mauricien!\" <em>Madeleine, 17 ans, Floréal.</em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1898 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Sega-mauricien-300x210.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n<div></div>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','La fête nationale : être mauricien aujourd\'hui...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1901-revision-v1','','','2019-03-12 15:36:29','2019-03-12 11:36:29','',1901,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1901-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1916,2,'2019-03-28 13:28:34','2019-03-28 09:28:34','<em><strong>À la découverte de la cuisine mauricienne...</strong></em>\r\n\r\nNous vous proposons dans notre rubrique cusine \"<em>made in Mauritius\"</em>, de découvrir des plats forts de l\'identité mauricienne mais, façonnés et repensés par \"nos invités\" mauriciens des quatre coins de l\'île.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les petits plats de Cinthia : le curry d\'Agneau et sa salade de concombre pimenté</em></strong>\r\n\r\n• <strong>Ingrédients</strong>\r\n\r\n- 1 filet d\'agneau\r\n\r\n- 3 pommes de terre\r\n\r\n- 1 boîte de purée de tomates\r\n\r\n- 2 à 3 oignons\r\n\r\n- 1 bouquet de cotimili (coriandre)\r\n\r\n- Du safran en poudre (curcuma)\r\n\r\n- Un peu de massala pimenté ou non selon les goûts\r\n\r\n- De l\'ail et du gingembre écrasé\r\n\r\n<strong>•Préparation</strong>\r\n\r\nPréparer la viande en la coupant en petits ou gros cubes selon préférence. La faire mariner avec l\'ail, le gingembre, le safran et le massala pendant au moins 20 minutes afin d\'en relever le goût, ce qu\'achèvera de faire la cuisson. Cuire pendant environ 10 minutes puis ajouter les oignons, les pommes de terre coupées grossièrement en cubes puis, le cotomili. Laisser cuire quelques minutes à feu doux. Ajouter 1 verre d\'eau pour lier le tout ainsi qu\'une pincée de sel. Couvrer et laisser mijoter 20 à 30 minutes à feu doux. Servir accompagné de riz blanc et d\'une salade de cocombre assaisonnée et pimentée. Un vrai délice!\r\n\r\n \r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>BON APPÉTIT!</strong></p>\r\n♦<span style=\"color: #008000;\"> <strong><em>L\'astuce de Cinthia</em></strong> : <span style=\"color: #000000;\">toujours ajouter le sel en fin de cuisson. </span></span><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Pour une pointe d\'originalité</strong> : hacher quelques feuilles de caripoulé que vus ajouterai à votre plat environ 10 minutes avant la fin de la cuisson!</span></span>\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1919 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/feuille_de_curry-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Papilles en fête!','','publish','open','open','','papilles-en-fete','','','2019-03-28 13:28:34','2019-03-28 09:28:34','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1916',0,'post','',0),(1917,2,'2019-03-28 13:20:42','2019-03-28 09:20:42','','Curry agneau','','inherit','open','closed','','curry-agneau','','','2019-03-28 13:20:42','2019-03-28 09:20:42','',1916,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Curry-agneau.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1918,2,'2019-03-28 13:22:54','2019-03-28 09:22:54','','Caripoulé','','inherit','open','closed','','caripoule','','','2019-03-28 13:22:54','2019-03-28 09:22:54','',1916,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Caripoulé.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1919,2,'2019-03-28 13:25:15','2019-03-28 09:25:15','','feuille_de_curry','','inherit','open','closed','','feuille_de_curry','','','2019-03-28 13:25:15','2019-03-28 09:25:15','',1916,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/feuille_de_curry.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1920,2,'2019-03-28 13:28:34','2019-03-28 09:28:34','<em><strong>À la découverte de la cuisine mauricienne...</strong></em>\r\n\r\nNous vous proposons dans notre rubrique cusine \"<em>made in Mauritius\"</em>, de découvrir des plats forts de l\'identité mauricienne mais, façonnés et repensés par \"nos invités\" mauriciens des quatre coins de l\'île.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Les petits plats de Cinthia : le curry d\'Agneau et sa salade de concombre pimenté</em></strong>\r\n\r\n• <strong>Ingrédients</strong>\r\n\r\n- 1 filet d\'agneau\r\n\r\n- 3 pommes de terre\r\n\r\n- 1 boîte de purée de tomates\r\n\r\n- 2 à 3 oignons\r\n\r\n- 1 bouquet de cotimili (coriandre)\r\n\r\n- Du safran en poudre (curcuma)\r\n\r\n- Un peu de massala pimenté ou non selon les goûts\r\n\r\n- De l\'ail et du gingembre écrasé\r\n\r\n<strong>•Préparation</strong>\r\n\r\nPréparer la viande en la coupant en petits ou gros cubes selon préférence. La faire mariner avec l\'ail, le gingembre, le safran et le massala pendant au moins 20 minutes afin d\'en relever le goût, ce qu\'achèvera de faire la cuisson. Cuire pendant environ 10 minutes puis ajouter les oignons, les pommes de terre coupées grossièrement en cubes puis, le cotomili. Laisser cuire quelques minutes à feu doux. Ajouter 1 verre d\'eau pour lier le tout ainsi qu\'une pincée de sel. Couvrer et laisser mijoter 20 à 30 minutes à feu doux. Servir accompagné de riz blanc et d\'une salade de cocombre assaisonnée et pimentée. Un vrai délice!\r\n\r\n \r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>BON APPÉTIT!</strong></p>\r\n♦<span style=\"color: #008000;\"> <strong><em>L\'astuce de Cinthia</em></strong> : <span style=\"color: #000000;\">toujours ajouter le sel en fin de cuisson. </span></span><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Pour une pointe d\'originalité</strong> : hacher quelques feuilles de caripoulé que vus ajouterai à votre plat environ 10 minutes avant la fin de la cuisson!</span></span>\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1919 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/feuille_de_curry-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Papilles en fête!','','inherit','closed','closed','','1916-revision-v1','','','2019-03-28 13:28:34','2019-03-28 09:28:34','',1916,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1916-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1926,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','<div class=\"standard-post-image\"><a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions/\"><img class=\"attachment-penci-full-thumb size-penci-full-thumb wp-post-image\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg 644w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362-300x169.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362-585x329.jpg 585w\" alt=\"\" width=\"644\" height=\"362\" /></a></div>\r\n<div class=\"header-standard\">\r\n<div class=\"penci-standard-cat\"><span class=\"cat\"><a class=\"penci-cat-name\" title=\"View all posts in Évènements festifs\" href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/\">ÉVÈNEMENTS FESTIFS</a><a class=\"penci-cat-name\" title=\"View all posts in Maurice en fête\" href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/maurice-en-fete/\">MAURICE EN FÊTE</a></span></div>\r\n<h2><a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions/\">GANESH CHATURTHI, ENTRE JOIE ET BÉNÉDICTIONS</a></h2>\r\n<div class=\"author-post\">Ecrit par <a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/author/sboulmier/\">Sandrine Boulmier</a></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div class=\"standard-content\">\r\n<div class=\"standard-main-content\">\r\n<div class=\"post-entry standard-post-entry classic-post-entry\">\r\n\r\nUn ventre rond et proéminant, un regard pétillant et une trompe à faire pâlir le plus grand mammifère terrestre! Vous l’avez reconnu? Il s’agit du dieu Ganesh, certainement l’un des plus affectionnés et vénérés des dieux du panthéon hindou.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Les origines de Ganesha</strong></em>\r\n\r\nFils de Shiva et Pârvatî, Ganesh voit le jour grâce à celle-ci – qui l’a façonné avec la poussière et les onguents qu’elle a raclés sur le dessus de sa peau – afin de lui tenir compagnie lors de ses longs mois de solitude, tandis que Shiva partait méditer dans l’Himalaya.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1839 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg 200w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-683x1024.jpg 683w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-585x878.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents.jpg 738w\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nToutefois, la tête d’éléphant n’a pas toujours été l’apanage de Ganesh. En effet, plusieurs versions du mythe explique la perte de sa tête humaine. Nous retiendrons néanmoins la plus fréquente qui veut que, revenant après une longue absence, Shiva se vit interdire l’accès de sa maison par un enfant inconnu, alors que sa femme prenait son bain. De colère, Shiva coupa la tête du jeune garçon, provoquant ainsi le désespoir de sa femme qui demanda immédiatement que son époux redonne vie à son fils. Shiva promit alors de remplacer la tête de <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> par celle du premier enfant hors de vue de sa mère : ce fut un éléphanteau<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Repr</em></strong><strong><em>ésentations et symbolisme</em></strong>\r\n\r\nAinsi parée de cette double personnification, <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> représente à la fois le monde animal mais aussi humain, par la partie inférieure de son corps, et divin par la partie supérieure, à savoir sa tête d’éléphant. Son esprit, à l’instar du cosmos, est vaste et puissant, ce qui lui confère la faculté de triompher des obstacles de l’ignorance et d’appréhender les mystères de l’univers. Symbolisant également le macro et le microcosme – de part son lien avec sa monture ou <em>Vâhana</em>, qui est un rat – <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> renforce cette union entre le divin et l’humain. Il est le protecteur des faibles, celui par qui l’on commence chaque prière ou rituel hindou, le dieu de la sagesse, de l’intelligence, de la connaissance, de la prudence et de l’éducation. Ne soyez donc pas étonné de voir une statue de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong>ornée le bureau d’un enseignant!\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Célébration de Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong> est donc l’occasion, pour tous les hindous du monde, de célébrer et rendre hommage au Seigneur <strong><em>Ganesha</em></strong>ou <strong><em>Ganapati</em></strong> (chef des Ganas). La fête a lieu pendant le mois de <em>Badhra</em> ou <em>Bhādrapad</em>, sixième mois du calendrier hindou ( entre le 20 août et 15 septembre du calendrier grégorien). Le premier jour de la célébration, chaque dévot, après s’être baigné pour se purifier, va acheter une représentation de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong> – dont la taille varie de quelques centimètres à plusieurs mètres de hauteur- et qu’il rapporte en procession chez lui où elle sera déposée sur un autel pour les prières faites en son hommage. Lors du dernier jour des célébrations, Chaque représentation est portée en procession par les dévots masculins vers un lieu d’immersion, tandis que les femmes chantent et dansent, font des offrandes aux dieux, ainsi que tous les fidèles participant au rituel, beaucoup offrant des gâteaux et boissons aux participants et spectateurs.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi à Maurice</em></strong>\r\n\r\nParticulièrement populaire et célébrée dans toute l’Inde<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]</a> par toutes les ethnies pratiquant l’hindouisme, cette fête est l’apanage, à Maurice, de l’ethnie marathi. Fait particulièrement surprenant, cette non-célébration par les autres groupes ethniques n’est toutefois pas liée à un manque d’intérêt mais tout simplement à l’ignorance, plus précisément à la perte du « savoir-faire » rituel et festif.\r\n\r\n» <em>Nous ne fêtons plus Ganesh Chaturti tout simplement parce qu’on ne sait plus comment faire, nos parents ne nous ont pas appris, on a oublié… Mais on peut aller voir la procession… »</em> Vijay, septembre 2015.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1840\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1841\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1842\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1843\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion.jpg 500w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nDans toute l’île, les processions se succèdent tout au long de la journée, les lieux d’immersion variant de la mer à la rivière, comme à Vacoas, en passant par les bassins ou lac comme à <em>Ganga Talao, </em>lieu dit de<em> Grand Bassin.</em> Dans un souci de protection du monde aquacole, les représentations sont essentiellement constituée d’argile ou de papier.\r\n\r\nAu moment de l’immersion finale, les dévots scandent en choeur : « Ganapati bappa morya ! Mangal moorti morya ! » à savoir, « Père Ganapati, reviens-nous ! Toi qui portes chance, reviens-nous ! »\r\n\r\nLa communauté marathi de Maurice est ainsi, aujourd’hui, devenue la garante de cette mémoire rituelle et festive et nous la remercions de préserver ce savoir-faire unique et de la transmettre aux futures générations pour notre plus grand plaisir!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir, dans un autre article, sur les différentes versions et les significations de cette décapitation du fils de Pârvatî.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Et dans de nombreux pays où résident une importante communauté hindoue, comme à Paris.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>','Ganesh chaturti','','publish','closed','closed','','ganesh-chaturti','','','2020-08-19 10:19:14','2020-08-19 06:19:14','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1926',0,'page','',0),(1927,3,'2019-08-11 20:32:24','2019-08-11 16:32:24','','Ganesh chaturti','','inherit','closed','closed','','1926-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:32:24','2019-08-11 16:32:24','',1926,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1926-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1929,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Nouvel An chinois','','publish','closed','closed','','nouvel-an-chinois','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1929',0,'page','',0),(1930,3,'2019-08-11 20:33:14','2019-08-11 16:33:14','','Nouvel An chinois','','inherit','closed','closed','','1929-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:33:14','2019-08-11 16:33:14','',1929,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1929-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1933,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Divali','','publish','closed','closed','','divali','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1933',0,'page','',0),(1934,3,'2019-08-11 20:34:06','2019-08-11 16:34:06','','Divali','','inherit','closed','closed','','1933-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:34:06','2019-08-11 16:34:06','',1933,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1933-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1935,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Eid-ul-Fitr','','publish','closed','closed','','eid-ul-fitr','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1935',0,'page','',0),(1936,3,'2019-08-11 20:34:18','2019-08-11 16:34:18','','Eid-ul-Fitr','','inherit','closed','closed','','1935-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:34:18','2019-08-11 16:34:18','',1935,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1935-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1937,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Toussaint','','publish','closed','closed','','toussaint','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1937',0,'page','',0),(1938,3,'2019-08-11 20:34:25','2019-08-11 16:34:25','','Toussaint','','inherit','closed','closed','','1937-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:34:25','2019-08-11 16:34:25','',1937,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1937-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1939,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\">Novara di Sicilia</td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\">Statue de Notre-Dame de Paris descendant la Seine</td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\"> Côte espagnole</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n* Tableau de l\'Assomption de la Vierge par Michel Sittow, vers 1500.','Assomption','','publish','closed','closed','','assomption','','','2019-08-15 10:55:47','2019-08-15 06:55:47','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1939',0,'page','',0),(1940,3,'2019-08-11 20:34:37','2019-08-11 16:34:37','','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:34:37','2019-08-11 16:34:37','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1941,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Noël','','publish','closed','closed','','noel','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1941',0,'page','',0),(1942,3,'2019-08-11 20:34:53','2019-08-11 16:34:53','','Noël','','inherit','closed','closed','','1941-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:34:53','2019-08-11 16:34:53','',1941,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1941-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1943,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Arrivée des Coolies','','publish','closed','closed','','arrivee-des-coolies','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1943',0,'page','',0),(1944,3,'2019-08-11 20:35:04','2019-08-11 16:35:04','','Arrivée des Coolies','','inherit','closed','closed','','1943-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:35:04','2019-08-11 16:35:04','',1943,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1943-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1945,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Abolition de l\'esclavage','','publish','closed','closed','','abolition-de-lesclavage','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1945',0,'page','',0),(1946,3,'2019-08-11 20:35:16','2019-08-11 16:35:16','','Abolition de l\'esclavage','','inherit','closed','closed','','1945-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:35:16','2019-08-11 16:35:16','',1945,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1945-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1947,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Thaipoosam cavadee','','publish','closed','closed','','thaipoosam-cavadee','','','2021-01-28 12:38:19','2021-01-28 08:38:19','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1947',0,'page','',0),(1948,3,'2019-08-11 20:35:27','2019-08-11 16:35:27','','Thaipoosam cavadee','','inherit','closed','closed','','1947-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:35:27','2019-08-11 16:35:27','',1947,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1947-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1949,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','','Nouvel An','','publish','closed','closed','','nouvel-an','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?page_id=1949',0,'page','',0),(1950,3,'2019-08-11 20:36:00','2019-08-11 16:36:00','','Nouvel An','','inherit','closed','closed','','1949-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:36:00','2019-08-11 16:36:00','',1949,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1949-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1951,3,'2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','La fête du travail est célébrée à l\'heure actuelle dans un grand nombre de pays, dont Maurice, mais varie au niveau de sa symbolique et son histoire selon les cultures envisagées. Les premières célébrations remontent au XVIII ème en Europe. En France, elle est instaurée dès 1793, sous le nouveau Régime Révolutionnaire, par Saint-Juste et reste aujourd\'hui un jour férié, symbole de la lutte ouvrière. Elle se confond aujourd\'hui avec la journée internationale des travailleurs, représentant, au départ, un jour annuel de grève, et donc de jour chômé, dans la lutte ouvrière pour l\'obtention d\'un temps de travail quotidien de huit heures. Ainsi, aux États-Unis, le 1er mai symbolise le <em>moving day - </em>où bon nombre d\'entreprise débutent leur année comptable<em> - </em>jour instauré de grève ouvrière afin de \"faire plier\" le patronnat et d\'imposer la journée des huit heures de travail fin XIXème siècle. Toutefois, ce jour n\'est pas forcément un jour férié et chômé dans tous les pays du monde, c\'est la cas notamment en Israël. En Iran, les ouvriers iraniens ont enfin obtenu, en <strong>2015, </strong>le droit de se réunir et célébrer la journée internationale des travailleurs comme il se doit.\n\nÀ Maurice, le 1er mai est un jour férié depuis 1950. Il est surtout synonyme de <em>meeting </em>politiques qui ont lieu dans chaque district de l\'île et auxquels les habitants sont conviés de participer, notamment par la mise en circulation de transports en commun gratuits. Ces réunions et discussions sont autant d\'occasion pour les différents partis en présence de juger de leur impact sur d\'éventuels et/ou effectifs électeurs et sont suivis traditionnellement par une grande partie de la population.\n\nCependant, cela est déploré par beaucoup de Mauriciens qui aimeraient que cette journée soit davantage accès sur des discussions relatives à l\'avenir et aux conditions de travail de la classe ouvrière, qui se juge trop souvent exploitée et spoliée :\n\n\" Nou, ban Morisiens nou fatigué avec tou sa discours ki politiciens pe fer, nou envi juste kosé couma nou ka amelior nou qualité travail et ki ban la bizin fer pour reconnaitre enfin nou valeur...\" Jocelyne B. Cap malheureux, avril 2018.\n\nEspérons que certains politiciens seront sensibles à cette demande et profiterons de cette journée pour méditer et amorcer un changement, en étant davantage à l\'écoute du souhait de ces Mauriciens qui sont autant d\'électeurs potentiels...\n\nBonne fête du 1er mai aux travailleurs de maurice et du monde!','La fête du travail ou fête du 1er mai','','inherit','closed','closed','','1782-revision-v1','','','2019-08-11 20:38:11','2019-08-11 16:38:11','',1782,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1782-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1952,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1952','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1952',5,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1954,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51','','Abolition de l\'esclavage','','publish','closed','closed','','abolition-de-lesclavage','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1954',7,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1955,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1955','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1955',18,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1957,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1957','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1957',14,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1958,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1958','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1958',17,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1959,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1959','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1959',13,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1960,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1960','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1960',16,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1962,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1962','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1962',8,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1963,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1963','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1963',15,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1964,3,'2019-08-11 20:40:51','2019-08-11 16:40:51',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','1964','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1964',12,'nav_menu_item','',0),(1966,2,'2019-08-14 12:48:34','2019-08-14 08:48:34','<div class=\"standard-post-image\"><a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions/\"><img class=\"attachment-penci-full-thumb size-penci-full-thumb wp-post-image\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg 644w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362-300x169.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362-585x329.jpg 585w\" alt=\"\" width=\"644\" height=\"362\" /></a></div>\r\n<div class=\"header-standard\">\r\n<div class=\"penci-standard-cat\"><span class=\"cat\"><a class=\"penci-cat-name\" title=\"View all posts in Évènements festifs\" href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/\">ÉVÈNEMENTS FESTIFS</a><a class=\"penci-cat-name\" title=\"View all posts in Maurice en fête\" href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/maurice-en-fete/\">MAURICE EN FÊTE</a></span></div>\r\n<h2><a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions/\">GANESH CHATURTHI, ENTRE JOIE ET BÉNÉDICTIONS</a></h2>\r\n<div class=\"author-post\">Ecrit par <a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/author/sboulmier/\">Sandrine Boulmier</a></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div class=\"standard-content\">\r\n<div class=\"standard-main-content\">\r\n<div class=\"post-entry standard-post-entry classic-post-entry\">\r\n\r\nUn ventre rond et proéminant, un regard pétillant et une trompe à faire pâlir le plus mammifère terrestre! Vous l’avez reconnu? Il s’agit du dieu Ganesh, certainement l’un des plus affectionnés et vénérés des dieux du panthéon hindou.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Les origines de Ganesha</strong></em>\r\n\r\nFils de Shiva et Pârvatî, Ganesh voit le jour grâce à celle-ci – qui l’a façonné avec la poussière et les onguents qu’elle a raclés sur le dessus de sa peau – afin de lui tenir compagnie lors de ses longs mois de solitude, tandis que Shiva partait méditer dans l’Himalaya.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1839 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg 200w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-683x1024.jpg 683w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-585x878.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents.jpg 738w\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nToutefois, la tête d’éléphant n’a pas toujours été l’apanage de Ganesh. En effet, plusieurs versions du mythe explique la perte de sa tête humaine. Nous retiendrons néanmoins la plus fréquente qui veut que, revenant après une longue absence, Shiva se vit interdire l’accès de sa maison par un enfant inconnu, alors que sa femme prenait son bain. De colère, Shiva coupa la tête du jeune garçon, provoquant ainsi le désespoir de sa femme qui demanda immédiatement que son époux redonne vie à son fils. Shiva promit alors de remplacer la tête de <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> par celle du premier enfant hors de vue de sa mère : ce fut un éléphanteau<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Repr</em></strong><strong><em>ésentations et symbolisme</em></strong>\r\n\r\nAinsi parée de cette double personnification, <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> représente à la fois le monde humain et animal mais aussi humain, par la partie inférieure de son corps, et divin par la partie supérieure, à savoir sa tête d’éléphant. Son esprit, à l’instar du cosmos, est vaste et puissant, ce qui lui confère la faculté de triompher des obstacles de l’ignorance et d’appréhender les mystères de l’univers. Symbolisant également le macro et le microcosme – de part son lien avec sa monture ou <em>Vâhana</em>, qui est un rat – <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> renforce cette union entre le divin et l’humain. Il est le protecteur des faibles, celui par qui l’on commence chaque prière ou rituel hindou, le dieu de la sagesse, de l’intelligence, de la connaissance, de la prudence et de l’éducation. Ne soyez donc pas étonné de voir une statue de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong>ornée le bureau d’un enseignant!\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Célébration de Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong> est donc l’occasion, pour tous les hindous du monde, de célébrer et rendre hommage au Seigneur <strong><em>Ganesha</em></strong>ou <strong><em>Ganapati</em></strong> (chef des Ganas). La fête a lieu pendant le mois de <em>Badhra</em> ou <em>Bhādrapad</em>, sixième mois du calendrier hindou ( entre le 20 août et 15 septembre du calendrier grégorien). Le premier jour de la célébration, chaque dévot, après s’être baigné pour se purifier, va acheter une représentation de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong> – dont la taille varie de quelques centimètres à plusieurs mètres de hauteur- et qu’il rapporte en procession chez lui où elle sera déposée sur un autel pour les prières faites en son hommage. Lors du dernier jour des célébrations, Chaque représentation est portée en procession par les dévots masculins vers un lieu d’immersion, tandis que les femmes chantent et dansent, font des offrandes aux dieux, ainsi que tous les fidèles participant au rituel, beaucoup offrant des gâteaux et boissons aux participants et spectateurs.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi à Maurice</em></strong>\r\n\r\nParticulièrement populaire et célébrée dans toute l’Inde<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]</a> par toutes les ethnies pratiquant l’hindouisme, cette fête est l’apanage, à Maurice, de l’ethnie marathi. Fait particulièrement surprenant, cette non-célébration par les autres groupes ethniques n’est toutefois pas liée à un manque d’intérêt mais tout simplement à l’ignorance, plus précisément à la perte du « savoir-faire » rituel et festif.\r\n\r\n» <em>Nous ne fêtons plus Ganesh Chaturti tout simplement parce qu’on ne sait plus comment faire, nos parents ne nous ont pas appris, on a oublié… Mais on peut aller voir la procession… »</em> Vijay, septembre 2015.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1840\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1841\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1842\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1843\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion.jpg 500w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nDans toute l’île, les processions se succèdent tout au long de la journée, les lieux d’immersion variant de la mer à la rivière, comme à Vacoas, en passant par les bassins ou lac comme à <em>Ganga Talao, </em>lieu dit de<em> Grand Bassin.</em> Dans un souci de protection du monde aquacole, les représentations sont essentiellement constituée d’argile ou de papier.\r\n\r\nAu moment de l’immersion finale, les dévots scandent en choeur : « Ganapati bappa morya ! Mangal moorti morya ! » à savoir, « Père Ganapati, reviens-nous ! Toi qui portes chance, reviens-nous ! »\r\n\r\nLa communauté marathi de Maurice est ainsi, aujourd’hui, devenue la garante de cette mémoire rituelle et festive et nous la remercions de préserver ce savoir-faire unique et de la transmettre aux futures générations pour notre plus grand plaisir!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir, dans un autre article, sur les différentes versions et les significations de cette décapitation du fils de Pârvatî.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Et dans de nombreux pays où résident une importante communauté hindoue, comme à Paris.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>','Ganesh chaturti','','inherit','closed','closed','','1926-revision-v1','','','2019-08-14 12:48:34','2019-08-14 08:48:34','',1926,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1926-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1967,2,'2019-08-15 10:55:43','2019-08-15 06:55:43','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\n\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\n\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\n\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\n\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\n\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\n\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\n\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\n\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\n\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\n\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\n\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\n\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\">Novara di Sicilia</td>\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\">Statue de Notre-Dame de Paris descendant la Seine</td>\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\"> Côte espagnole</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\n<ul>\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\n</ul>\n \n\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\n\n* Tableau de l\'Assomption de la Vierge par Michel Sittow, vers 1500.','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-autosave-v1','','','2019-08-15 10:55:43','2019-08-15 06:55:43','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1968,2,'2019-08-14 16:07:21','2019-08-14 12:07:21','','Ascension_of_the_virgin_Michel_Sittow','','inherit','open','closed','','ascension_of_the_virgin_michel_sittow','','','2019-08-14 16:07:21','2019-08-14 12:07:21','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Ascension_of_the_virgin_Michel_Sittow.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1969,2,'2019-08-14 16:08:25','2019-08-14 12:08:25','','Assomption en Sicile','','inherit','open','closed','','assomption-en-sicile','','','2019-08-14 16:08:25','2019-08-14 12:08:25','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1970,2,'2019-08-14 16:08:42','2019-08-14 12:08:42','','Statue Notre Dame de Paris','','inherit','open','closed','','statue-notre-dame-de-paris','','','2019-08-14 16:08:42','2019-08-14 12:08:42','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1971,2,'2019-08-14 16:09:28','2019-08-14 12:09:28','','Espagne','','inherit','open','closed','','espagne','','','2019-08-14 16:09:28','2019-08-14 12:09:28','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1972,2,'2019-08-14 16:10:37','2019-08-14 12:10:37','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux, dont celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\". Cet évènement ayant lieu en la présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), La mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde. La célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>qui lui est consacrée sous forme de procession, dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cettte fête du 15 août en France. Dès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres , au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>un dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu faisant de Marie, un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> ou dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1969 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" />\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1970\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"258\" height=\"172\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1971\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" />\r\n\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-14 16:10:37','2019-08-14 12:10:37','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1973,2,'2019-08-14 16:18:40','2019-08-14 12:18:40','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1969 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" />\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1970\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"258\" height=\"172\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1971\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" />\r\n\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-14 16:18:40','2019-08-14 12:18:40','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1974,2,'2019-08-14 16:22:54','2019-08-14 12:22:54','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1969 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" />\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1970\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1971\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></p>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-14 16:22:54','2019-08-14 12:22:54','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1975,3,'2019-08-15 10:43:22','2019-08-15 06:43:22','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\n\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\n\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\n\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\n\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\n\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\n\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\n\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\n\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\n\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\n\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\n\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\n\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\n\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border-bottom:0\"><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\n<td><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\n<td><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td></td>\n<td></td>\n<td></td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\n<ul>\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\n</ul>\n \n\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\n\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-autosave-v1','','','2019-08-15 10:43:22','2019-08-15 06:43:22','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1976,3,'2019-08-15 09:28:47','2019-08-15 05:28:47','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n\r\n---------------------------------------------------------------\r\n<table border=\"1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td>From</td>\r\n <td>Subject</td>\r\n <td>Date</td>\r\n </tr>\r\n</table>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" />\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 09:28:47','2019-08-15 05:28:47','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1977,3,'2019-08-15 09:29:59','2019-08-15 05:29:59','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n\r\n---------------------------------------------------------------\r\n<table border=\"1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n <td><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n <td><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n </tr>\r\n</table>\r\n\r\n\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 09:29:59','2019-08-15 05:29:59','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1978,3,'2019-08-15 09:31:04','2019-08-15 05:31:04','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n\r\n---------------------------------------------------------------\r\n<table border=\"0\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n <td><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n <td><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n </tr>\r\n</table>\r\n\r\n\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 09:31:04','2019-08-15 05:31:04','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1979,3,'2019-08-15 10:37:23','2019-08-15 06:37:23','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n<td><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n<td><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 10:37:23','2019-08-15 06:37:23','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1980,3,'2019-08-15 10:39:08','2019-08-15 06:39:08','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n<td><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n<td><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 10:39:08','2019-08-15 06:39:08','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1981,3,'2019-08-15 10:39:17','2019-08-15 06:39:17','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n<td><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n<td><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td></td>\r\n<td></td>\r\n<td></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 10:39:17','2019-08-15 06:39:17','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1982,3,'2019-08-15 10:43:44','2019-08-15 06:43:44','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n ','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 10:43:44','2019-08-15 06:43:44','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1983,2,'2019-08-15 10:53:27','2019-08-15 06:53:27','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\"> Novara di Sicilia</td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\"> Statue de Notre-Dame de Paris descendant la Seine</td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\"> Côte espagnole</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n* Tableau de l\'Assomption de la Vierge par Michel Sittow, vers 1500.','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 10:53:27','2019-08-15 06:53:27','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1984,2,'2019-08-15 10:55:47','2019-08-15 06:55:47','<em><strong>L\'Assomption de Marie, croyances et célébration chrétiennes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa fête de l\'<em>Assomption </em>ou fête de la Vierge Marie, est célébrée chaque 15 août par les chrétiens catholiques et orthodoxes du monde occidental et oriental. Toutefois, avant de devenir un dogme de l\'Église catholique, cette date du 15 août est avant tout une fête traditionnelle relatant la fin de la vie de la mère du Christ. En effet, aucun texte du Nouveau Testatment n\'évoque la mort de Marie, toutefois, la tradition orale va rapidement combler cette lacune. La mort, et le corps qui symbolise celle-ci, est considérée dans la tradition juive comme impure. La mère de Jésus étant, quant à elle, considérée comme une sainte puisque mère de Dieu, on comprend que son corps et le traitement de celui-ci, privé de vie, ne peut être envisagé de manière anodine. Certains théologiens, tel que saint Ephrem, évoque, en 373, l\'incorruptibilité du corps de Marie après sa mort, croyance qui sera reprise des siècles durant, les versions variant en fonction des époques et des lieux. Citons également celle rapportant que l\'Assomption eut lieu à Éphèse dans la maison dite \"de la Vierge Marie\", en présence de l\'apôtre Jean qui se vit confié la protection de Marie par son fils lui-même au moment de sa crucifixion.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>La Dormition de la Mère de Dieu pour les Églises orthodoxes</strong></em>\r\n\r\nPour les églises orientales, la <em>Dormition -</em> terme utilisé pour évoquer la mort non violente de saints - <em> </em>n\'est pas un dogme bien qu\'il soit sacrilège de la nier. Elle se rapporte à la mort de Marie, sa résurrection et sa \"montée au ciel\". La croyance orthodoxe refuse la terme d\'<em>Assomption </em>qui pourrait suggérer, dans l\'esprit des fidèles, que Marie fut enlevée au ciel de son vivant. Selon la tradition des écrits apocryphes (IV ème et Vème siècle de notre ère), la mère de Jésus serait morte à l\'âge de cinquante-neuf ans et son corps enterré à Jérusalem, dans le jardin de Gethsémani. La <em>Dormition </em>suggère que Marie est morte sans souffrance, dans un état de paix spirituelle profonde.\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la <em>Dormition</em> est précédée d\'un jeûne de deux semaines, du 1er au 14 août, où les fidèles des Églises orthodoxes et catholiques de rite byzantin, se privent de tous aliments carnés, de poisson, laitages, d\'oeufs, d\'huile et de vin. Des hymnes sont entonnés lors de la célébration tel celui ci-dessous :\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Kontakion </strong></em>(1)\r\n\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Le tombeau et la mort furent impuissants à saisir la Mère de Dieu</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Qui jamais ne se lasse d\'intercéder pour nous ;</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle est notre espérance et notre protection.</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Car Elle est la Mère de la Vie,</span>\r\n<span class=\"mw-poem-indented\">Elle a été transférée à la vie par Celui qui a demeuré dans son sein virginal.</span>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Lithurgie et dogme catholique de l\'Assomption</strong></em>\r\n\r\nLa célébration de la Dormition est introduite en Occident et devient l<em>\'Assomption </em>pour les Catholiques, au VIIIème siècle, sous l\'influence du pape Théodore. Elle va revêtir une forme particulière en France sous le règne du roi Louis XIII. En effet, celui-ci désirant un héritier, consacre la France à la Vierge Marie et demande à tous ses sujets de célébrer l\'<em>Assomption </em>sous forme de processions, devant avoir lieu dans chaque paroisse, afin que la Vierge exauce son vœu, comme en témoigne un vitrail représentant le roi en prière dans la Basilique de Fourvière à Lyon. Louis XIV vit le jour l\'année suivante ce qui explique, dès lors, l\'importance de cette fête du 15 août en France.\r\n\r\nDès 1854, la proclamation du dogme de l\'<em>Immaculée conception</em> par L\'Église catholique donne lieu à de nombreuses demandes de fidèles, sous forme de pétitions dont celles de 1332 évêques et 83 000 prêtres, au Vatican afin que celui-ci fasse également de l\'<em>Assomption</em> un dogme catholique à part entière. En 1950, plus particulièrement le 1er novembre, jour de la Toussaint, le Pape Pie XII accède à cette demande en proclamant l\'<em>Assomption </em>comme dogme de foi divinement révélé par Dieu, faisant de Marie un être pur et sanctifié, vierge de tout pêché originel et personnel, élevée à la gloire du ciel en corps et en âme, après sa vie terrestre\r\n\r\n« <strong><em>Par l\'autorité de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ, des bienheureux apôtres Pierre et Paul, et par Notre propre autorité, Nous prononçons, déclarons, et définissons comme un dogme divinement révélé que l\'Immaculée Mère de Dieu, la Vierge Marie, après avoir achevé le cours de sa vie terrestre, fut élevée corps et âme à la gloire céleste</em> </strong>». Constitution dogmatique <i>Munificentissimus Deus, </i>Pape Pie XII.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>L\'Assomption, une fête chrétienne intemporelle</strong></em>\r\n\r\nDe nos jours, l\'<em>Assomption </em>est une fête incontournable du calendrier lithugique catholique et orthodoxe. Elle donne lieu à de nombreuses processions dans le monde comme en Espagne où de fervents fidèles semblent \"inonder\" les rues de tout le pays. En Europe de l\'est, des pèlerinages ont également lieu comme en Pologne à <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Częstochowa\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa\">Częstochowa</a>,</span> en <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Croatie\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatie\">Croatie</a> à <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"\" href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolo%C5%BEac\">Proložac</a> mais aussi dans les pays d\'Amérique du Sud, majoritairement de foi catholique. En France - où le pays est placé sous la protection de <em>Notre-Dame de l\'Assomption </em>depuis le vœu du roi Louis XIII<em> -</em> des processions ont lieu dans tout le pays et donnent lieu à de nombreuses festivités. À Paris, elles se déroulent notamment sur la Seine où des bateaux descendent le fleuve, regroupant les fidèles porteurs de flambeaux. La statue en argent de la Vierge de Notre Dame est alors sortie pour l\'occasion.</span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"> La conclusion finale aux festivités de l\'As<em>somption </em>est la célébration de Marie Reine, le 22 août, institué également par Pie XII et reconnaissant la \"Vierge Marie, qui brûle d\'un amour éternel, comme Reine et Souveraine à cause de la manière unique dont elle contribue à notre Rédemption ».</span>\r\n<table style=\"border: 0px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1969 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Assomption-en-Sicile-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"235\" /></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"wp-image-1970 alignleft\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Statue-Notre-Dame-de-Paris-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"303\" height=\"202\" /></td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0;\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1971 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Espagne-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"171\" /></td>\r\n</tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\">Novara di Sicilia</td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\">Statue de Notre-Dame de Paris descendant la Seine</td>\r\n<td style=\"border-bottom: 0px; text-align: center;\"> Côte espagnole</td>\r\n</tr>\r\n</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\nQuelques dictons liés à la fête de l\'<em>Assomption :</em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La Vierge du quinze août arrange ou dérange tout.</li>\r\n <li>Entre les deux Notre-Dame, jamais serpent n\'a osé se montrer.</li>\r\n <li>Pluie de l\'Assomption, huit jours de mouillon.</li>\r\n <li>S\'il pleut pour l\'Assomption, tout va en perdition</li>\r\n <li>Quand il pleut le jour de Notre-Dame, il pleut jusqu\'au 8 septembre.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n\r\n(1) : Le <b>kontakion</b> est un genre poético-musical religieux apparu au début du Vème siècle, célébrant généralement les traits d\'un saint glorifié.\r\n\r\n* Tableau de l\'Assomption de la Vierge par Michel Sittow, vers 1500.','Assomption','','inherit','closed','closed','','1939-revision-v1','','','2019-08-15 10:55:47','2019-08-15 06:55:47','',1939,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1939-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1985,2,'2019-09-02 20:28:41','2019-09-02 16:28:41','Nous célébrons ce 3 septembre 2019 à Maurice, le dieu Ganesh, divinité incontournable du panthéon hindou. Fils de la déesse Parvati et du dieu Shiva, Ganesh symbolise la sagesse, la connaissance, l\'éducation et protège les \"faibles\".\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1986 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-India-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nChaque année, des dévots de toute l\'île, plus particulièrement l\'ethnie marathi, se réunissent dans les temples et confonctionnent durant de longues semaines, une représentation de Ganesh (voir l\'article correspondant dans notre rubrique <em>Maurice en fête)</em> qui sera par la suite immergée<em>.</em> Durant 10 jours, des prières et des chants célèbrent Ganesh, chacun demandant sa protection et sa sagesse afin d\'être guidé dans les épreuves de la vie et la réalisation de ses projets. Le dernier jour est celui de l\'immersion des représentations de Ganesh. Le matin de la célébration, chaque dévot prie, lave et pare sa représentation du dieu. C\'est un moment privilégié où l\'on montre son attachement à celui qui est considéré comme un membre de la famille à part entière. Il est ensuite, selon sa taille, posé sur un support plus ou moins imposant, symbolisant, un \"mini temple\", avant d\'être promené à travers les rues des différents villes et villages, chacun pouvant l\'admirer, le prier et le toucher en vue d\'obtenir sa bénédiction et manisfester son attachement et sa dévotion.\r\n\r\nEnfin, la fête s\'achève par la lente immersion de Ganesh, par les dévots masculins, où on l\'exhorte à revenir l\'année prochaine afin que tous bénéficient de nouveau de ses multiples bienfaits, l\'eau symbolisant un des cinq éléments fondamentaux de l\'univers vers lequel Ganesh retourne.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bon à savoir : quelle est la signification de la position assise de Ganesh?</strong>\r\n\r\nLorsque l\'on observe bien les représentations du dieu Ganesh, on note qu\'il est souvent représenté assis avec une jambe repliée sur le genou. Loin d\'être synonyme de simple confort, cette position signifie la sagesse de l\'individu qui refuse tout attachement matériel lors de sa vie sur terre.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>Ganapati bappa, Morya!</strong></em></p>\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1987 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-position.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"224\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li><em>Pour aller plus loin, consulter notre article</em> : http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/</li>\r\n</ul>','Ganesh Chaturthi ou la célébration du dieu de la sagesse et la connaissance','','publish','open','open','','ganesh-chaturthi-ou-la-celebration-du-dieu-de-la-sagesse-et-la-connaissance','','','2019-09-02 20:34:32','2019-09-02 16:34:32','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1985',0,'post','',0),(1986,2,'2019-09-02 20:24:40','2019-09-02 16:24:40','','Ganesh India','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesh-india','','','2019-09-02 20:24:40','2019-09-02 16:24:40','',1985,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-India.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1987,2,'2019-09-02 20:25:31','2019-09-02 16:25:31','','Ganesh position','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesh-position','','','2019-09-02 20:25:31','2019-09-02 16:25:31','',1985,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-position.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1988,2,'2019-09-02 20:28:29','2019-09-02 16:28:29','','Ganesha statue','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesha-statue','','','2019-09-02 20:28:29','2019-09-02 16:28:29','',1985,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesha-statue.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1989,2,'2019-09-02 20:28:41','2019-09-02 16:28:41','Nous célébrons ce 3 septembre 2019 à Maurice, le dieu Ganesh, divinité incontournable du panthéon hindou. Fils de la déesse Parvati et du dieu Shiva, Ganesh symbolise la sagesse, la connaissance, l\'éducation et protège les \"faibles\".\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1986\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-India-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nChaque année, des dévots de toute l\'île, plus particulièrement l\'ethnie marathi, se réunissent dans les temples et confonctionnent durant de longues semaines, une représentation de Ganesh (voir l\'article correspondant dans notre rubrique <em>Maurice en fête)</em> qui sera par la suite immergée<em>.</em> Durant 10 jours, des prières et des chants célèbrent Ganesh, chacun demandant sa protection et sa sagesse afin d\'être guidé dans les épreuves de la vie et la réalisation de ses projets. Le dernier jour est celui de l\'immersion des représentations de Ganesh. Le matin de la célébration, chaque dévot prie, lave et pare sa représentation du dieu. C\'est un moment privilégié où l\'on montre son attachement à celui qui est considéré comme un membre de la famille à part entière. Il est ensuite, selon sa taille, posé sur un support plus ou moins imposant, symbolisant, un \"mini temple\", avant d\'être promené à travers les rues des différents villes et villages, chacun pouvant l\'admirer, le prier et le toucher en vue d\'obtenir sa bénédiction et manisfester son attachement et sa dévotion.\r\n\r\nEnfin, la fête s\'achève par la lente immersion de Ganesh, par les dévots masculins, où on l\'exhorte à revenir l\'année prochaine afin que tous bénéficient de nouveau de ses multiples bienfaits, l\'eau symbolisant un des cinq éléments fondamentaux de l\'univers vers lequel Ganesh retourne.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bon à savoir : quelle est la signification de la position assise de Ganesh?</strong>\r\n\r\nLorsque l\'on observe bien les représentations du dieu Ganesh, on note qu\'il est souvent représenté assis avec une jambe repliée sur le genou. Loin d\'être synonyme de simple confort, cette position signifie la sagesse de l\'individu qui refuse tout attachement matériel lors de sa vie sur terre\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1987\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-position.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"224\" />','Ganesh Chaturthi ou la célébration du dieu de la sagesse et la connaissance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1985-revision-v1','','','2019-09-02 20:28:41','2019-09-02 16:28:41','',1985,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1985-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1990,2,'2019-09-02 20:34:12','2019-09-02 16:34:12','Nous célébrons ce 3 septembre 2019 à Maurice, le dieu Ganesh, divinité incontournable du panthéon hindou. Fils de la déesse Parvati et du dieu Shiva, Ganesh symbolise la sagesse, la connaissance, l\'éducation et protège les \"faibles\".\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1986 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-India-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\n\nChaque année, des dévots de toute l\'île, plus particulièrement l\'ethnie marathi, se réunissent dans les temples et confonctionnent durant de longues semaines, une représentation de Ganesh (voir l\'article correspondant dans notre rubrique <em>Maurice en fête)</em> qui sera par la suite immergée<em>.</em> Durant 10 jours, des prières et des chants célèbrent Ganesh, chacun demandant sa protection et sa sagesse afin d\'être guidé dans les épreuves de la vie et la réalisation de ses projets. Le dernier jour est celui de l\'immersion des représentations de Ganesh. Le matin de la célébration, chaque dévot prie, lave et pare sa représentation du dieu. C\'est un moment privilégié où l\'on montre son attachement à celui qui est considéré comme un membre de la famille à part entière. Il est ensuite, selon sa taille, posé sur un support plus ou moins imposant, symbolisant, un \"mini temple\", avant d\'être promené à travers les rues des différents villes et villages, chacun pouvant l\'admirer, le prier et le toucher en vue d\'obtenir sa bénédiction et manisfester son attachement et sa dévotion.\n\nEnfin, la fête s\'achève par la lente immersion de Ganesh, par les dévots masculins, où on l\'exhorte à revenir l\'année prochaine afin que tous bénéficient de nouveau de ses multiples bienfaits, l\'eau symbolisant un des cinq éléments fondamentaux de l\'univers vers lequel Ganesh retourne.\n\n<strong>Bon à savoir : quelle est la signification de la position assise de Ganesh?</strong>\n\nLorsque l\'on observe bien les représentations du dieu Ganesh, on note qu\'il est souvent représenté assis avec une jambe repliée sur le genou. Loin d\'être synonyme de simple confort, cette position signifie la sagesse de l\'individu qui refuse tout attachement matériel lors de sa vie sur terre.\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"></p>\n \n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1987 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-position.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"224\" />\n\n \n<ul>\n <li><em>Pour aller plus loin, consulter notre article</em> : http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/</li>\n</ul>','Ganesh Chaturthi ou la célébration du dieu de la sagesse et la connaissance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1985-autosave-v1','','','2019-09-02 20:34:12','2019-09-02 16:34:12','',1985,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1985-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1991,2,'2019-09-02 20:29:58','2019-09-02 16:29:58','Nous célébrons ce 3 septembre 2019 à Maurice, le dieu Ganesh, divinité incontournable du panthéon hindou. Fils de la déesse Parvati et du dieu Shiva, Ganesh symbolise la sagesse, la connaissance, l\'éducation et protège les \"faibles\".\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1986\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-India-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nChaque année, des dévots de toute l\'île, plus particulièrement l\'ethnie marathi, se réunissent dans les temples et confonctionnent durant de longues semaines, une représentation de Ganesh (voir l\'article correspondant dans notre rubrique <em>Maurice en fête)</em> qui sera par la suite immergée<em>.</em> Durant 10 jours, des prières et des chants célèbrent Ganesh, chacun demandant sa protection et sa sagesse afin d\'être guidé dans les épreuves de la vie et la réalisation de ses projets. Le dernier jour est celui de l\'immersion des représentations de Ganesh. Le matin de la célébration, chaque dévot prie, lave et pare sa représentation du dieu. C\'est un moment privilégié où l\'on montre son attachement à celui qui est considéré comme un membre de la famille à part entière. Il est ensuite, selon sa taille, posé sur un support plus ou moins imposant, symbolisant, un \"mini temple\", avant d\'être promené à travers les rues des différents villes et villages, chacun pouvant l\'admirer, le prier et le toucher en vue d\'obtenir sa bénédiction et manisfester son attachement et sa dévotion.\r\n\r\nEnfin, la fête s\'achève par la lente immersion de Ganesh, par les dévots masculins, où on l\'exhorte à revenir l\'année prochaine afin que tous bénéficient de nouveau de ses multiples bienfaits, l\'eau symbolisant un des cinq éléments fondamentaux de l\'univers vers lequel Ganesh retourne.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bon à savoir : quelle est la signification de la position assise de Ganesh?</strong>\r\n\r\nLorsque l\'on observe bien les représentations du dieu Ganesh, on note qu\'il est souvent représenté assis avec une jambe repliée sur le genou. Loin d\'être synonyme de simple confort, cette position signifie la sagesse de l\'individu qui refuse tout attachement matériel lors de sa vie sur terre\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1987\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-position.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"224\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li><em>Pour aller plus loin, consulter notre article</em> : http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/</li>\r\n</ul>','Ganesh Chaturthi ou la célébration du dieu de la sagesse et la connaissance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1985-revision-v1','','','2019-09-02 20:29:58','2019-09-02 16:29:58','',1985,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1985-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1992,2,'2019-09-02 20:31:03','2019-09-02 16:31:03','Nous célébrons ce 3 septembre 2019 à Maurice, le dieu Ganesh, divinité incontournable du panthéon hindou. Fils de la déesse Parvati et du dieu Shiva, Ganesh symbolise la sagesse, la connaissance, l\'éducation et protège les \"faibles\".\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1986 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-India-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nChaque année, des dévots de toute l\'île, plus particulièrement l\'ethnie marathi, se réunissent dans les temples et confonctionnent durant de longues semaines, une représentation de Ganesh (voir l\'article correspondant dans notre rubrique <em>Maurice en fête)</em> qui sera par la suite immergée<em>.</em> Durant 10 jours, des prières et des chants célèbrent Ganesh, chacun demandant sa protection et sa sagesse afin d\'être guidé dans les épreuves de la vie et la réalisation de ses projets. Le dernier jour est celui de l\'immersion des représentations de Ganesh. Le matin de la célébration, chaque dévot prie, lave et pare sa représentation du dieu. C\'est un moment privilégié où l\'on montre son attachement à celui qui est considéré comme un membre de la famille à part entière. Il est ensuite, selon sa taille, posé sur un support plus ou moins imposant, symbolisant, un \"mini temple\", avant d\'être promené à travers les rues des différents villes et villages, chacun pouvant l\'admirer, le prier et le toucher en vue d\'obtenir sa bénédiction et manisfester son attachement et sa dévotion.\r\n\r\nEnfin, la fête s\'achève par la lente immersion de Ganesh, par les dévots masculins, où on l\'exhorte à revenir l\'année prochaine afin que tous bénéficient de nouveau de ses multiples bienfaits, l\'eau symbolisant un des cinq éléments fondamentaux de l\'univers vers lequel Ganesh retourne.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bon à savoir : quelle est la signification de la position assise de Ganesh?</strong>\r\n\r\nLorsque l\'on observe bien les représentations du dieu Ganesh, on note qu\'il est souvent représenté assis avec une jambe repliée sur le genou. Loin d\'être synonyme de simple confort, cette position signifie la sagesse de l\'individu qui refuse tout attachement matériel lors de sa vie sur terre\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1987 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-position.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"224\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li><em>Pour aller plus loin, consulter notre article</em> : http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/</li>\r\n</ul>','Ganesh Chaturthi ou la célébration du dieu de la sagesse et la connaissance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1985-revision-v1','','','2019-09-02 20:31:03','2019-09-02 16:31:03','',1985,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1985-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1993,2,'2019-09-02 20:34:32','2019-09-02 16:34:32','Nous célébrons ce 3 septembre 2019 à Maurice, le dieu Ganesh, divinité incontournable du panthéon hindou. Fils de la déesse Parvati et du dieu Shiva, Ganesh symbolise la sagesse, la connaissance, l\'éducation et protège les \"faibles\".\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1986 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-India-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nChaque année, des dévots de toute l\'île, plus particulièrement l\'ethnie marathi, se réunissent dans les temples et confonctionnent durant de longues semaines, une représentation de Ganesh (voir l\'article correspondant dans notre rubrique <em>Maurice en fête)</em> qui sera par la suite immergée<em>.</em> Durant 10 jours, des prières et des chants célèbrent Ganesh, chacun demandant sa protection et sa sagesse afin d\'être guidé dans les épreuves de la vie et la réalisation de ses projets. Le dernier jour est celui de l\'immersion des représentations de Ganesh. Le matin de la célébration, chaque dévot prie, lave et pare sa représentation du dieu. C\'est un moment privilégié où l\'on montre son attachement à celui qui est considéré comme un membre de la famille à part entière. Il est ensuite, selon sa taille, posé sur un support plus ou moins imposant, symbolisant, un \"mini temple\", avant d\'être promené à travers les rues des différents villes et villages, chacun pouvant l\'admirer, le prier et le toucher en vue d\'obtenir sa bénédiction et manisfester son attachement et sa dévotion.\r\n\r\nEnfin, la fête s\'achève par la lente immersion de Ganesh, par les dévots masculins, où on l\'exhorte à revenir l\'année prochaine afin que tous bénéficient de nouveau de ses multiples bienfaits, l\'eau symbolisant un des cinq éléments fondamentaux de l\'univers vers lequel Ganesh retourne.\r\n\r\n<strong>Bon à savoir : quelle est la signification de la position assise de Ganesh?</strong>\r\n\r\nLorsque l\'on observe bien les représentations du dieu Ganesh, on note qu\'il est souvent représenté assis avec une jambe repliée sur le genou. Loin d\'être synonyme de simple confort, cette position signifie la sagesse de l\'individu qui refuse tout attachement matériel lors de sa vie sur terre.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong>Ganapati bappa, Morya!</strong></em></p>\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1987 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Ganesh-position.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"224\" />\r\n\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li><em>Pour aller plus loin, consulter notre article</em> : http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/</li>\r\n</ul>','Ganesh Chaturthi ou la célébration du dieu de la sagesse et la connaissance','','inherit','closed','closed','','1985-revision-v1','','','2019-09-02 20:34:32','2019-09-02 16:34:32','',1985,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1985-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1994,2,'2019-10-29 18:08:12','2019-10-29 14:08:12','<em>Lorsque l\'artiste tombe amoureux de son modèle</em>\r\n\r\nEntre Françoise et Maurice, c\'est une véritable histoire d\'amour! Arrivée dans l\'île, il y a trente ans, pour y peindre quelques jours après fait de même à La Réunion, notre peintre, française d\'origine, ne qui quittera plus l\'île pour qui le coup de coeur est immédiat. Elle y renconctre d\'ailleurs l\'homme de sa vie ce qui lui permettra vraiment de pénétrer de l\'intérieur cette \"âme\" mauricienne qui lui tient tant à coeur. Rapidement, elle saisit des instants uniques dans la vie des Mauriciens qu\'elle observe et avec qui elle échange des impressions, des souvenirs, des morceaux de quotidien qui impreigne le coeur et l\'histoire de l\'île. Ses techniques? Le pinceau et le couteau alliés à des pigments uniques fruits du savoir-faire de l\'artiste.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1997 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/auvent_lam_moris-300x223.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"223\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Une toile de la vie quodtidienne</em>\r\n\r\nHabitant Grand Baie, la vie quotidienne des pêcheurs l\'inspire. Leur retour sur la plage, l\'attente des femmes venues chercher le fruit de plusieurs heures de labeur, et les éventuels acheteurs qui se pressent devant des étalages improvisés au bord de la route. Ses tableaux respirent cette joie de vivre simple, authentique et chaque jour réinventée à travers des toiles chatoyantes, vivantes et quasi magiques tant on a la sensation de voir évoluer les personnages sous nos yeux émerveillés.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2000 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/20191005_120443-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nLes coupeuses de canne des champs, qui se trouvent en face de sa galerie, sont également une source d\'inspiration inépuisables pour l\'artiste qui se \"régale\" de ce spectable pourant devenu, aujourd\'hui, rare. Ces femmes, exceptionnelles de courage et d\'endurance, viennent, après une dure journée de travail sous le soleil brûlant de Maurice, se rafraîchir à l\'ombre de sa galerie. Elles dégustent alors une boisson froide en \"décortiquant\" le travail de l\'artiste quant à leurs gestes et attitudes restituées sur la toile, pimentant leurs remarques de rires et d\'anecdotes.\r\n\r\nPort-Louis est également un modèle privilégié de notre peintre, mauricienne d\'adoption. Elle capte ses moments rares de la vie des habitants de la capitale, au détour d\'une rue chez le marchand de <em>dolls puri</em>, la <em>boutik sinois</em>, aujourd\'hui disparue, ou figeant les discussions intemporelles des anciens assis à l\'ombre d\'un banc de béton de fortune...\r\n\r\n<em>Un travail d\'art et de mémoire</em>\r\n\r\nAu-delà\'de l\'art lui-même, c\'est véritablement un travail de mémoire que Françoise Vrot nous propose à travers ses tableaux qui sont autant de trésors artistiques qu\'historiques. Elle nous dévoile ainsi les multiples facettes de cette culture mauricienne qui lui tant à coeur, ses paysage,s figés par le temps, des champs de canne, les lagons turquoises, qui font tellement rêver les touristes du monde entier, mais surtourt et essentiellement <em>lame moris</em>, celle des tous ces mauriciens dont la joie de vivre, le sourire et la pluricité culturelle nous est offerte à travers des toiles sans cesse réinventées où se mêle passé, présent et, elle l\'espère, avenir, afin de nous laisser une trace indélébile de cette île unique et magique de l\'Océan indien...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1998 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Galerie-F-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\n<strong>À DÉCOUVRIR OU À REDÉCOUVRIR D\'URGENCE!!!</strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Françoise Vrot, lorsque peinture rime avec poésie','','publish','open','open','','francoise-vrot-lorsque-peinture-rime-avec-poesie','','','2019-10-29 20:13:53','2019-10-29 16:13:53','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=1994',0,'post','',1),(1995,2,'2019-10-29 18:08:12','2019-10-29 14:08:12','<em>Lorsque l\'artiste tombe amoureux de son modèle</em>\r\n\r\nEntre Françoise et Maurice, c\'est une véritable histoire d\'amour! Arrivée dans l\'île, il y a trente ans, pour y peindre quelques jours après fait de même à La Réunion, notre peintre, française d\'origine, ne qui quittera plus l\'île pour qui le coup de coeur est immédiat. Elle y renconctre d\'ailleurs l\'homme de sa vie ce qui lui permettra vraiment de pénétrer de l\'intérieur cette \"âme\" mauricienne qui lui tient tant à coeur. Rapidement, elle saisit des instants uniques dans la vie des Mauriciens qu\'elle observe et avec qui elle échange des impressions, des souvenirs, des morceaux de quotidien qui impreigne le coeur et l\'histoire de l\'île. Ses techniques? Le pinceau et le couteau alliés à des pigments uniques fruits du savoir-faire de l\'artiste.\r\n\r\n<em>Une toile de la vie quodtidienne</em>\r\n\r\nHabitant Grand Baie, la vie quotidienne des pêcheurs l\'inspire. Leur retour sur la plage, l\'attente des femmes venues chercher le fruit de plusieurs heures de labeur, et les éventuels acheteurs qui se pressent devant des étalages improvisés au bord de la route. Ses tableaux respirent cette joie de vivre simple, authentique et chaque jour réinventée à travers des toiles chatoyantes, vivantes et quasi magiques tant on a la sensation de voir évoluer les personnages sous nos yeux émerveillés.\r\n\r\nLes coupeuses de canne des champs, qui se trouvent en face de sa galerie, sont également une source d\'inspiration inépuisables pour l\'artiste qui se \"régale\" de ce spectable pourant devenu, aujourd\'hui, rare. Ces femmes, exceptionnelles de courage et d\'endurance, viennent, après une dure journée de travail sous le soleil brûlant de Maurice, se rafraîchir à l\'ombre de sa galerie. Elles dégustent alors une boisson froide en \"décortiquant\" le travail de l\'artiste quant à leurs gestes et attitudes restituées sur la toile, pimentant leurs remarques de rires et d\'anecdotes.\r\n\r\nPort-Louis est également un modèle privilégié de notre peintre, mauricienne d\'adoption. Elle capte ses moments rares de la vie des habitants de la capitale, au détour d\'une rue chez le marchand de <em>dolls puri</em>, la <em>boutik sinois</em>, aujourd\'hui disparue, ou figeant les discussions intemporelles des anciens assis à l\'ombre d\'un banc de béton de fortune...\r\n\r\n<em>Un travail d\'art et de mémoire</em>\r\n\r\nAu-delà\'de l\'art lui-même, c\'est véritablement un travail de mémoire que Françoise Vrot nous propose à travers ses tableaux qui sont autant de trésors artistiques qu\'historiques. Elle nous dévoile ainsi les multiples facettes de cette culture mauricienne qui lui tant à coeur, ses paysage,s figés par le temps, des champs de canne, les lagons turquoises, qui font tellement rêver les touristes du monde entier, mais surtourt et essentiellement <em>lame moris</em>, celle des tous ces mauriciens dont la joie de vivre, le sourire et la pluricité culturelle nous est offerte à travers des toiles sans cesse réinventées où se mêle passé, présent et, elle l\'espère, avenir, afin de nous laisser une trace indélébile de cette île unique et magique de l\'Océan indien...\r\n\r\n<strong>À DÉCOUVRIR OU À REDÉCOUVRIR D\'URGENCE!!!</strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Françoise Vrot, lorsque peinture rime avec poésie','','inherit','closed','closed','','1994-revision-v1','','','2019-10-29 18:08:12','2019-10-29 14:08:12','',1994,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1994-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(1996,2,'2019-10-29 20:03:53','2019-10-29 16:03:53','','vrot text','','inherit','open','closed','','vrot-text','','','2019-10-29 20:03:53','2019-10-29 16:03:53','',1994,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/vrot-text.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1997,2,'2019-10-29 20:06:23','2019-10-29 16:06:23','','auvent_lam_moris','','inherit','open','closed','','auvent_lam_moris','','','2019-10-29 20:06:23','2019-10-29 16:06:23','',1994,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/auvent_lam_moris.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1998,2,'2019-10-29 20:07:01','2019-10-29 16:07:01','','Galerie F','','inherit','open','closed','','galerie-f','','','2019-10-29 20:07:01','2019-10-29 16:07:01','',1994,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Galerie-F.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(1999,2,'2019-10-29 20:10:06','2019-10-29 16:10:06','<em>Lorsque l\'artiste tombe amoureux de son modèle</em>\n\nEntre Françoise et Maurice, c\'est une véritable histoire d\'amour! Arrivée dans l\'île, il y a trente ans, pour y peindre quelques jours après fait de même à La Réunion, notre peintre, française d\'origine, ne qui quittera plus l\'île pour qui le coup de coeur est immédiat. Elle y renconctre d\'ailleurs l\'homme de sa vie ce qui lui permettra vraiment de pénétrer de l\'intérieur cette \"âme\" mauricienne qui lui tient tant à coeur. Rapidement, elle saisit des instants uniques dans la vie des Mauriciens qu\'elle observe et avec qui elle échange des impressions, des souvenirs, des morceaux de quotidien qui impreigne le coeur et l\'histoire de l\'île. Ses techniques? Le pinceau et le couteau alliés à des pigments uniques fruits du savoir-faire de l\'artiste.\n\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1997 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/auvent_lam_moris-300x223.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"223\" />\n\n<em>Une toile de la vie quodtidienne</em>\n\nHabitant Grand Baie, la vie quotidienne des pêcheurs l\'inspire. Leur retour sur la plage, l\'attente des femmes venues chercher le fruit de plusieurs heures de labeur, et les éventuels acheteurs qui se pressent devant des étalages improvisés au bord de la route. Ses tableaux respirent cette joie de vivre simple, authentique et chaque jour réinventée à travers des toiles chatoyantes, vivantes et quasi magiques tant on a la sensation de voir évoluer les personnages sous nos yeux émerveillés.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2000 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/20191005_120443-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\n\nLes coupeuses de canne des champs, qui se trouvent en face de sa galerie, sont également une source d\'inspiration inépuisables pour l\'artiste qui se \"régale\" de ce spectable pourant devenu, aujourd\'hui, rare. Ces femmes, exceptionnelles de courage et d\'endurance, viennent, après une dure journée de travail sous le soleil brûlant de Maurice, se rafraîchir à l\'ombre de sa galerie. Elles dégustent alors une boisson froide en \"décortiquant\" le travail de l\'artiste quant à leurs gestes et attitudes restituées sur la toile, pimentant leurs remarques de rires et d\'anecdotes.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_2001\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2001\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/francoise-vrot-invitee-a-la-salle-des-regates-toute-cette_3008224-300x280.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"280\" /> FRançoise Vrot invitée à la salle des Régates toute cette semaine.[/caption]\n\nPort-Louis est également un modèle privilégié de notre peintre, mauricienne d\'adoption. Elle capte ses moments rares de la vie des habitants de la capitale, au détour d\'une rue chez le marchand de <em>dolls puri</em>, la <em>boutik sinois</em>, aujourd\'hui disparue, ou figeant les discussions intemporelles des anciens assis à l\'ombre d\'un banc de béton de fortune...\n\n<em>Un travail d\'art et de mémoire</em>\n\nAu-delà\'de l\'art lui-même, c\'est véritablement un travail de mémoire que Françoise Vrot nous propose à travers ses tableaux qui sont autant de trésors artistiques qu\'historiques. Elle nous dévoile ainsi les multiples facettes de cette culture mauricienne qui lui tant à coeur, ses paysage,s figés par le temps, des champs de canne, les lagons turquoises, qui font tellement rêver les touristes du monde entier, mais surtourt et essentiellement <em>lame moris</em>, celle des tous ces mauriciens dont la joie de vivre, le sourire et la pluricité culturelle nous est offerte à travers des toiles sans cesse réinventées où se mêle passé, présent et, elle l\'espère, avenir, afin de nous laisser une trace indélébile de cette île unique et magique de l\'Océan indien...\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1998 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Galerie-F-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\n\n<strong>À DÉCOUVRIR OU À REDÉCOUVRIR D\'URGENCE!!!</strong>\n\n \n\n ','Françoise Vrot, lorsque peinture rime avec poésie','','inherit','closed','closed','','1994-autosave-v1','','','2019-10-29 20:10:06','2019-10-29 16:10:06','',1994,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1994-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2000,2,'2019-10-29 20:07:58','2019-10-29 16:07:58','','20191005_120443 (1)','','inherit','open','closed','','20191005_120443-1','','','2019-10-29 20:07:58','2019-10-29 16:07:58','',1994,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/20191005_120443-1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2001,2,'2019-10-29 20:09:54','2019-10-29 16:09:54','','vieuvilleb_2016072006174276_Plevvrotf','FRançoise Vrot invitée à la salle des Régates toute cette semaine.','inherit','open','closed','','vieuvilleb_2016072006174276_plevvrotf','','','2019-10-29 20:09:54','2019-10-29 16:09:54','',1994,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/francoise-vrot-invitee-a-la-salle-des-regates-toute-cette_3008224.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2002,2,'2019-10-29 20:10:13','2019-10-29 16:10:13','<em>Lorsque l\'artiste tombe amoureux de son modèle</em>\r\n\r\nEntre Françoise et Maurice, c\'est une véritable histoire d\'amour! Arrivée dans l\'île, il y a trente ans, pour y peindre quelques jours après fait de même à La Réunion, notre peintre, française d\'origine, ne qui quittera plus l\'île pour qui le coup de coeur est immédiat. Elle y renconctre d\'ailleurs l\'homme de sa vie ce qui lui permettra vraiment de pénétrer de l\'intérieur cette \"âme\" mauricienne qui lui tient tant à coeur. Rapidement, elle saisit des instants uniques dans la vie des Mauriciens qu\'elle observe et avec qui elle échange des impressions, des souvenirs, des morceaux de quotidien qui impreigne le coeur et l\'histoire de l\'île. Ses techniques? Le pinceau et le couteau alliés à des pigments uniques fruits du savoir-faire de l\'artiste.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1997 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/auvent_lam_moris-300x223.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"223\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Une toile de la vie quodtidienne</em>\r\n\r\nHabitant Grand Baie, la vie quotidienne des pêcheurs l\'inspire. Leur retour sur la plage, l\'attente des femmes venues chercher le fruit de plusieurs heures de labeur, et les éventuels acheteurs qui se pressent devant des étalages improvisés au bord de la route. Ses tableaux respirent cette joie de vivre simple, authentique et chaque jour réinventée à travers des toiles chatoyantes, vivantes et quasi magiques tant on a la sensation de voir évoluer les personnages sous nos yeux émerveillés.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2000 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/20191005_120443-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nLes coupeuses de canne des champs, qui se trouvent en face de sa galerie, sont également une source d\'inspiration inépuisables pour l\'artiste qui se \"régale\" de ce spectable pourant devenu, aujourd\'hui, rare. Ces femmes, exceptionnelles de courage et d\'endurance, viennent, après une dure journée de travail sous le soleil brûlant de Maurice, se rafraîchir à l\'ombre de sa galerie. Elles dégustent alors une boisson froide en \"décortiquant\" le travail de l\'artiste quant à leurs gestes et attitudes restituées sur la toile, pimentant leurs remarques de rires et d\'anecdotes.\r\n\r\nPort-Louis est également un modèle privilégié de notre peintre, mauricienne d\'adoption. Elle capte ses moments rares de la vie des habitants de la capitale, au détour d\'une rue chez le marchand de <em>dolls puri</em>, la <em>boutik sinois</em>, aujourd\'hui disparue, ou figeant les discussions intemporelles des anciens assis à l\'ombre d\'un banc de béton de fortune...\r\n\r\n<em>Un travail d\'art et de mémoire</em>\r\n\r\nAu-delà\'de l\'art lui-même, c\'est véritablement un travail de mémoire que Françoise Vrot nous propose à travers ses tableaux qui sont autant de trésors artistiques qu\'historiques. Elle nous dévoile ainsi les multiples facettes de cette culture mauricienne qui lui tant à coeur, ses paysage,s figés par le temps, des champs de canne, les lagons turquoises, qui font tellement rêver les touristes du monde entier, mais surtourt et essentiellement <em>lame moris</em>, celle des tous ces mauriciens dont la joie de vivre, le sourire et la pluricité culturelle nous est offerte à travers des toiles sans cesse réinventées où se mêle passé, présent et, elle l\'espère, avenir, afin de nous laisser une trace indélébile de cette île unique et magique de l\'Océan indien...\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1998 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Galerie-F-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\n<strong>À DÉCOUVRIR OU À REDÉCOUVRIR D\'URGENCE!!!</strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Françoise Vrot, lorsque peinture rime avec poésie','','inherit','closed','closed','','1994-revision-v1','','','2019-10-29 20:10:13','2019-10-29 16:10:13','',1994,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1994-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2004,2,'2020-08-12 11:35:21','2020-08-12 07:35:21','<div class=\"standard-post-image\"><a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions/\"><img class=\"attachment-penci-full-thumb size-penci-full-thumb wp-post-image\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg 644w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362-300x169.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362-585x329.jpg 585w\" alt=\"\" width=\"644\" height=\"362\" /></a></div>\n<div class=\"header-standard\">\n<div class=\"penci-standard-cat\"><span class=\"cat\"><a class=\"penci-cat-name\" title=\"View all posts in Évènements festifs\" href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/\">ÉVÈNEMENTS FESTIFS</a><a class=\"penci-cat-name\" title=\"View all posts in Maurice en fête\" href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/maurice-en-fete/\">MAURICE EN FÊTE</a></span></div>\n<h2><a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions/\">GANESH CHATURTHI, ENTRE JOIE ET BÉNÉDICTIONS</a></h2>\n<div class=\"author-post\">Ecrit par <a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/author/sboulmier/\">Sandrine Boulmier</a></div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"standard-content\">\n<div class=\"standard-main-content\">\n<div class=\"post-entry standard-post-entry classic-post-entry\">\n\nUn ventre rond et proéminant, un regard pétillant et une trompe à faire pâlir le plus grand mammifère terrestre! Vous l’avez reconnu? Il s’agit du dieu Ganesh, certainement l’un des plus affectionnés et vénérés des dieux du panthéon hindou.\n\n<em><strong>Les origines de Ganesha</strong></em>\n\nFils de Shiva et Pârvatî, Ganesh voit le jour grâce à celle-ci – qui l’a façonné avec la poussière et les onguents qu’elle a raclés sur le dessus de sa peau – afin de lui tenir compagnie lors de ses longs mois de solitude, tandis que Shiva partait méditer dans l’Himalaya.\n\n \n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1839 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg 200w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-683x1024.jpg 683w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-585x878.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents.jpg 738w\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" />\n\nToutefois, la tête d’éléphant n’a pas toujours été l’apanage de Ganesh. En effet, plusieurs versions du mythe explique la perte de sa tête humaine. Nous retiendrons néanmoins la plus fréquente qui veut que, revenant après une longue absence, Shiva se vit interdire l’accès de sa maison par un enfant inconnu, alors que sa femme prenait son bain. De colère, Shiva coupa la tête du jeune garçon, provoquant ainsi le désespoir de sa femme qui demanda immédiatement que son époux redonne vie à son fils. Shiva promit alors de remplacer la tête de <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> par celle du premier enfant hors de vue de sa mère : ce fut un éléphanteau<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\n\n<strong><em>Repr</em></strong><strong><em>ésentations et symbolisme</em></strong>\n\nAinsi parée de cette double personnification, <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> représente à la fois le monde animal mais aussi humain, par la partie inférieure de son corps, et divin par la partie supérieure, à savoir sa tête d’éléphant. Son esprit, à l’instar du cosmos, est vaste et puissant, ce qui lui confère la faculté de triompher des obstacles de l’ignorance et d’appréhender les mystères de l’univers. Symbolisant également le macro et le microcosme – de part son lien avec sa monture ou <em>Vâhana</em>, qui est un rat – <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> renforce cette union entre le divin et l’humain. Il est le protecteur des faibles, celui par qui l’on commence chaque prière ou rituel hindou, le dieu de la sagesse, de l’intelligence, de la connaissance, de la prudence et de l’éducation. Ne soyez donc pas étonné de voir une statue de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong>ornée le bureau d’un enseignant!\n\n<strong><em>Célébration de Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong>\n\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong> est donc l’occasion, pour tous les hindous du monde, de célébrer et rendre hommage au Seigneur <strong><em>Ganesha</em></strong>ou <strong><em>Ganapati</em></strong> (chef des Ganas). La fête a lieu pendant le mois de <em>Badhra</em> ou <em>Bhādrapad</em>, sixième mois du calendrier hindou ( entre le 20 août et 15 septembre du calendrier grégorien). Le premier jour de la célébration, chaque dévot, après s’être baigné pour se purifier, va acheter une représentation de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong> – dont la taille varie de quelques centimètres à plusieurs mètres de hauteur- et qu’il rapporte en procession chez lui où elle sera déposée sur un autel pour les prières faites en son hommage. Lors du dernier jour des célébrations, Chaque représentation est portée en procession par les dévots masculins vers un lieu d’immersion, tandis que les femmes chantent et dansent, font des offrandes aux dieux, ainsi que tous les fidèles participant au rituel, beaucoup offrant des gâteaux et boissons aux participants et spectateurs.\n\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi à Maurice</em></strong>\n\nParticulièrement populaire et célébrée dans toute l’Inde<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]</a> par toutes les ethnies pratiquant l’hindouisme, cette fête est l’apanage, à Maurice, de l’ethnie marathi. Fait particulièrement surprenant, cette non-célébration par les autres groupes ethniques n’est toutefois pas liée à un manque d’intérêt mais tout simplement à l’ignorance, plus précisément à la perte du « savoir-faire » rituel et festif.\n\n» <em>Nous ne fêtons plus Ganesh Chaturti tout simplement parce qu’on ne sait plus comment faire, nos parents ne nous ont pas appris, on a oublié… Mais on peut aller voir la procession… »</em> Vijay, septembre 2015.\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1840\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1841\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1842\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1843\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion.jpg 500w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\n\nDans toute l’île, les processions se succèdent tout au long de la journée, les lieux d’immersion variant de la mer à la rivière, comme à Vacoas, en passant par les bassins ou lac comme à <em>Ganga Talao, </em>lieu dit de<em> Grand Bassin.</em> Dans un souci de protection du monde aquacole, les représentations sont essentiellement constituée d’argile ou de papier.\n\nAu moment de l’immersion finale, les dévots scandent en choeur : « Ganapati bappa morya ! Mangal moorti morya ! » à savoir, « Père Ganapati, reviens-nous ! Toi qui portes chance, reviens-nous ! »\n\nLa communauté marathi de Maurice est ainsi, aujourd’hui, devenue la garante de cette mémoire rituelle et festive et nous la remercions de préserver ce savoir-faire unique et de la transmettre aux futures générations pour notre plus grand plaisir!\n\n \n\n<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir, dans un autre article, sur les différentes versions et les significations de cette décapitation du fils de Pârvatî.\n\n<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Et dans de nombreux pays où résident une importante communauté hindoue, comme à Paris.\n\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>','Ganesh chaturti','','inherit','closed','closed','','1926-autosave-v1','','','2020-08-12 11:35:21','2020-08-12 07:35:21','',1926,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1926-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2005,2,'2020-08-19 10:19:14','2020-08-19 06:19:14','<div class=\"standard-post-image\"><a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions/\"><img class=\"attachment-penci-full-thumb size-penci-full-thumb wp-post-image\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362.jpg 644w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362-300x169.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/ganesh-chaturthi-2018-644x362-585x329.jpg 585w\" alt=\"\" width=\"644\" height=\"362\" /></a></div>\r\n<div class=\"header-standard\">\r\n<div class=\"penci-standard-cat\"><span class=\"cat\"><a class=\"penci-cat-name\" title=\"View all posts in Évènements festifs\" href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/\">ÉVÈNEMENTS FESTIFS</a><a class=\"penci-cat-name\" title=\"View all posts in Maurice en fête\" href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/maurice-en-fete/\">MAURICE EN FÊTE</a></span></div>\r\n<h2><a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturthi-entre-joie-et-benedictions/\">GANESH CHATURTHI, ENTRE JOIE ET BÉNÉDICTIONS</a></h2>\r\n<div class=\"author-post\">Ecrit par <a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/author/sboulmier/\">Sandrine Boulmier</a></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div class=\"standard-content\">\r\n<div class=\"standard-main-content\">\r\n<div class=\"post-entry standard-post-entry classic-post-entry\">\r\n\r\nUn ventre rond et proéminant, un regard pétillant et une trompe à faire pâlir le plus grand mammifère terrestre! Vous l’avez reconnu? Il s’agit du dieu Ganesh, certainement l’un des plus affectionnés et vénérés des dieux du panthéon hindou.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Les origines de Ganesha</strong></em>\r\n\r\nFils de Shiva et Pârvatî, Ganesh voit le jour grâce à celle-ci – qui l’a façonné avec la poussière et les onguents qu’elle a raclés sur le dessus de sa peau – afin de lui tenir compagnie lors de ses longs mois de solitude, tandis que Shiva partait méditer dans l’Himalaya.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1839 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-200x300.jpg 200w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-683x1024.jpg 683w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents-585x878.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesha-and-his-parents.jpg 738w\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nToutefois, la tête d’éléphant n’a pas toujours été l’apanage de Ganesh. En effet, plusieurs versions du mythe explique la perte de sa tête humaine. Nous retiendrons néanmoins la plus fréquente qui veut que, revenant après une longue absence, Shiva se vit interdire l’accès de sa maison par un enfant inconnu, alors que sa femme prenait son bain. De colère, Shiva coupa la tête du jeune garçon, provoquant ainsi le désespoir de sa femme qui demanda immédiatement que son époux redonne vie à son fils. Shiva promit alors de remplacer la tête de <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> par celle du premier enfant hors de vue de sa mère : ce fut un éléphanteau<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]</a>.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Repr</em></strong><strong><em>ésentations et symbolisme</em></strong>\r\n\r\nAinsi parée de cette double personnification, <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> représente à la fois le monde animal mais aussi humain, par la partie inférieure de son corps, et divin par la partie supérieure, à savoir sa tête d’éléphant. Son esprit, à l’instar du cosmos, est vaste et puissant, ce qui lui confère la faculté de triompher des obstacles de l’ignorance et d’appréhender les mystères de l’univers. Symbolisant également le macro et le microcosme – de part son lien avec sa monture ou <em>Vâhana</em>, qui est un rat – <strong><em>Ganesh</em></strong> renforce cette union entre le divin et l’humain. Il est le protecteur des faibles, celui par qui l’on commence chaque prière ou rituel hindou, le dieu de la sagesse, de l’intelligence, de la connaissance, de la prudence et de l’éducation. Ne soyez donc pas étonné de voir une statue de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong>ornée le bureau d’un enseignant!\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Célébration de Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong>\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi</em></strong> est donc l’occasion, pour tous les hindous du monde, de célébrer et rendre hommage au Seigneur <strong><em>Ganesha</em></strong>ou <strong><em>Ganapati</em></strong> (chef des Ganas). La fête a lieu pendant le mois de <em>Badhra</em> ou <em>Bhādrapad</em>, sixième mois du calendrier hindou ( entre le 20 août et 15 septembre du calendrier grégorien). Le premier jour de la célébration, chaque dévot, après s’être baigné pour se purifier, va acheter une représentation de <strong><em>Ganesh </em></strong> – dont la taille varie de quelques centimètres à plusieurs mètres de hauteur- et qu’il rapporte en procession chez lui où elle sera déposée sur un autel pour les prières faites en son hommage. Lors du dernier jour des célébrations, Chaque représentation est portée en procession par les dévots masculins vers un lieu d’immersion, tandis que les femmes chantent et dansent, font des offrandes aux dieux, ainsi que tous les fidèles participant au rituel, beaucoup offrant des gâteaux et boissons aux participants et spectateurs.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>Ganesh Chaturthi à Maurice</em></strong>\r\n\r\nParticulièrement populaire et célébrée dans toute l’Inde<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]</a> par toutes les ethnies pratiquant l’hindouisme, cette fête est l’apanage, à Maurice, de l’ethnie marathi. Fait particulièrement surprenant, cette non-célébration par les autres groupes ethniques n’est toutefois pas liée à un manque d’intérêt mais tout simplement à l’ignorance, plus précisément à la perte du « savoir-faire » rituel et festif.\r\n\r\n» <em>Nous ne fêtons plus Ganesh Chaturti tout simplement parce qu’on ne sait plus comment faire, nos parents ne nous ont pas appris, on a oublié… Mais on peut aller voir la procession… »</em> Vijay, septembre 2015.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1840\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Ganesh-Chaturti-3.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1841\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-034.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1842\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-768x576.jpg 768w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056-585x438.jpg 585w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/KahalaSept2015-056.jpg 850w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1843\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion-300x225.jpg 300w, http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Immersion.jpg 500w\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n\r\nDans toute l’île, les processions se succèdent tout au long de la journée, les lieux d’immersion variant de la mer à la rivière, comme à Vacoas, en passant par les bassins ou lac comme à <em>Ganga Talao, </em>lieu dit de<em> Grand Bassin.</em> Dans un souci de protection du monde aquacole, les représentations sont essentiellement constituée d’argile ou de papier.\r\n\r\nAu moment de l’immersion finale, les dévots scandent en choeur : « Ganapati bappa morya ! Mangal moorti morya ! » à savoir, « Père Ganapati, reviens-nous ! Toi qui portes chance, reviens-nous ! »\r\n\r\nLa communauté marathi de Maurice est ainsi, aujourd’hui, devenue la garante de cette mémoire rituelle et festive et nous la remercions de préserver ce savoir-faire unique et de la transmettre aux futures générations pour notre plus grand plaisir!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]</a> Nous aurons l’occasion de revenir, dans un autre article, sur les différentes versions et les significations de cette décapitation du fils de Pârvatî.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/cat/evenements-festifs/#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]</a> Et dans de nombreux pays où résident une importante communauté hindoue, comme à Paris.\r\n\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>','Ganesh chaturti','','inherit','closed','closed','','1926-revision-v1','','','2020-08-19 10:19:14','2020-08-19 06:19:14','',1926,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1926-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2006,2,'2020-08-19 13:19:38','2020-08-19 09:19:38','Le dieu Ganesh, ou Ganesha ou Ganapati, est certainement l\'un des dieux les plus \"populaires\" du panthéon hindou. Fils de Pârvatî et Shiva, sa tête d\'éléphant et son corps humain rondouillet - représentant à la fois le macro et le microcosme - font de lui un être doux et attachant. Dieu de la sagesse, de l\'intelligence, de l\'éducation et de la prudence, Ganesh se distingue par des représentations ou <em>mûrti </em>caractéristiques.\r\n\r\n<em>Mûrti du dieu Ganesha</em>\r\n\r\nLe dieu Ganesh est traditionnellement représenté avec une tête d\'éléphant ne possédant qu\'une seule défense, un corps rond humain, généralement celui d\'un enfant, mais aussi souvent quatre bras, dont chacun représente un des attribut du dieu. On peut alors trouver dans sa main :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>la<strong> hache</strong> ou <strong><em>parashu</em></strong>, arme du dieu Shiva qui sert à détruire le désir et l\'attachement, permettant ainsi d\'échapper au chagrin et aux tourments qui en découlent.</li>\r\n <li><strong>L\'aiguillon à éléphant</strong> ou <em><strong>ankusha</strong>, </em>symbole de la maîtrise de Ganesh sur le monde.</li>\r\n <li><strong>Le noeud coulant</strong> ou <em><strong>pasha</strong>, </em>qui sert à capturer l\'erreur.</li>\r\n <li><strong>un chapelet</strong> ou <em><strong>mâlâ</strong>, </em>constitué des cinquante lettres de l\'alphabet sankrit.</li>\r\n <li><strong>Un bol de friandises</strong> ou <em><strong>modaka-patra</strong>,</em> accompagne également souvent la <em>mûrti </em>de Ganesh, symbolisant la douce récompense du chercheur de vérité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2009\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Ganesh-attributs-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></p>\r\nGanesha est aussi fréquemment représenté assis, une jambe repliée. Il est toujours accompagné de sa monture ou <em>vâhana, </em>qui n\'est autre qu\'un rat ou <em>M</em><em>ûshika</em>, ancien démon, transformé par Ganesh. Petit, agile et malicieux, il représente le microcosme, tandis que ganesh, Grand, puissant et réfléchi, représente le macrocosme. Leur complémentarité leur permet ainsi de vaincre tous les maux et troubles de l\'univers. Un bol de friandises ou <em>modaka-patra,</em> accompagne également souvent la <em>mûrti </em>de Ganesh, symbolisant la douce récompense du chercheur de vérité.\r\n\r\nAu Népal, Ganesha peut être représenté avec plus de quatre bras et est alors relié au tantrisme.','Ganesh, de la signification des représentations','','publish','open','open','','ganesh-de-la-signification-des-representations','','','2020-08-19 13:20:36','2020-08-19 09:20:36','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2006',0,'post','',0),(2007,2,'2020-08-19 11:45:44','2020-08-19 07:45:44','Le dieu Ganesh, ou Ganesha ou Ganapati, est certainement l\'un des dieux les plus \"populaires\" du panthéon hindou. Fils de parvati et Shiva, sa tête d\'éléphant et son corps humain rondouillet - représentant à la fois le macro et le microcosme - font de lui un être doux et attachant. Dieu de la sagesse, de l\'intelligence, de l\'éducation et de la prudence, Ganesh se distingue par des représentations ou <em>mûrti </em>caractéristiques.\r\n\r\n<em>Mûrti du dieu Ganesha</em>\r\n\r\nLe dieu Ganesh est traditionnellement représenté avec une tête d\'éléphant ne possédant qu\'une seule défense, un corps rond humain mais aussi souvent quatre bras, dont chacun représente un des attribut du dieu :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>la<strong> hache</strong> ou <strong><em>parashu</em></strong>, arme du dieu Shiva qui sert à détruire le désir et l\'attachement, permettant ainsi d\'échapper au chagrin et aux tourments qui en découlent.</li>\r\n <li>L\'aiguillon à éléphant ou <em>ankusha, </em>symbole de la maîtrise de Ganesh sur le monde.</li>\r\n <li>Le noeud coulant ou <em>pasha, </em>qui sert à capturer l\'erreur.</li>\r\n <li>un chapelet ou <em>mâlâ, </em>constitué des cinquante lettres de l\'alphabet sankrit.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nGanesha est aussi fréquemment représenté assis, une jambe repliée. Il est toujours accompagné de sa monture ou <em>vâhana, </em>qui n\'est autre qu\'un rat ou <em>M</em><em>ûshika</em>, ancien démon, transformé par Ganesh, petit, agile et malicieux, il représente le microcosme, tandis que ganesh, Grand, puissant et réfléchi, représente le macrocosme. Leur complémentarité leur permet ainsi de vaincre tous les maux et troubles de l\'univers.\r\n\r\n ','Ganesh, de la signification des représentations','','inherit','closed','closed','','2006-revision-v1','','','2020-08-19 11:45:44','2020-08-19 07:45:44','',2006,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2006-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2008,2,'2020-08-19 11:55:14','2020-08-19 07:55:14','','Ganeshou','','inherit','open','closed','','ganeshou','','','2020-08-19 11:55:14','2020-08-19 07:55:14','',2006,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Ganeshou.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2009,2,'2020-08-19 13:15:35','2020-08-19 09:15:35','','Ganesh attributs','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesh-attributs','','','2020-08-19 13:15:35','2020-08-19 09:15:35','',2006,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Ganesh-attributs.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2010,2,'2020-08-19 13:16:14','2020-08-19 09:16:14','Le dieu Ganesh, ou Ganesha ou Ganapati, est certainement l\'un des dieux les plus \"populaires\" du panthéon hindou. Fils de Pârvatî et Shiva, sa tête d\'éléphant et son corps humain rondouillet - représentant à la fois le macro et le microcosme - font de lui un être doux et attachant. Dieu de la sagesse, de l\'intelligence, de l\'éducation et de la prudence, Ganesh se distingue par des représentations ou <em>mûrti </em>caractéristiques.\r\n\r\n<em>Mûrti du dieu Ganesha</em>\r\n\r\nLe dieu Ganesh est traditionnellement représenté avec une tête d\'éléphant ne possédant qu\'une seule défense, un corps rond humain, généralement celui d\'un enfant, mais aussi souvent quatre bras, dont chacun représente un des attribut du dieu. On peut alors trouver dans sa main :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>la<strong> hache</strong> ou <strong><em>parashu</em></strong>, arme du dieu Shiva qui sert à détruire le désir et l\'attachement, permettant ainsi d\'échapper au chagrin et aux tourments qui en découlent.</li>\r\n <li><strong>L\'aiguillon à éléphant</strong> ou <em><strong>ankusha</strong>, </em>symbole de la maîtrise de Ganesh sur le monde.</li>\r\n <li><strong>Le noeud coulant</strong> ou <em><strong>pasha</strong>, </em>qui sert à capturer l\'erreur.</li>\r\n <li><strong>un chapelet</strong> ou <em><strong>mâlâ</strong>, </em>constitué des cinquante lettres de l\'alphabet sankrit.</li>\r\n <li><strong>Un bol de friandises</strong> ou <em><strong>modaka-patra</strong>,</em> accompagne également souvent la <em>mûrti </em>de Ganesh, symbolisant la douce récompense du chercheur de vérité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2009\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Ganesh-attributs-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></p>\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nGanesha est aussi fréquemment représenté assis, une jambe repliée. Il est toujours accompagné de sa monture ou <em>vâhana, </em>qui n\'est autre qu\'un rat ou <em>M</em><em>ûshika</em>, ancien démon, transformé par Ganesh. Petit, agile et malicieux, il représente le microcosme, tandis que ganesh, Grand, puissant et réfléchi, représente le macrocosme. Leur complémentarité leur permet ainsi de vaincre tous les maux et troubles de l\'univers. Un bol de friandises ou <em>modaka-patra,</em> accompagne également souvent la <em>mûrti </em>de Ganesh, symbolisant la douce récompense du chercheur de vérité.\r\n\r\nAu Népal, Ganesha peut être représenté avec plus de quatre bras et est alors relié au tantrisme.','Ganesh, de la signification des représentations','','inherit','closed','closed','','2006-revision-v1','','','2020-08-19 13:16:14','2020-08-19 09:16:14','',2006,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2006-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2011,2,'2020-08-19 13:19:38','2020-08-19 09:19:38','Le dieu Ganesh, ou Ganesha ou Ganapati, est certainement l\'un des dieux les plus \"populaires\" du panthéon hindou. Fils de Pârvatî et Shiva, sa tête d\'éléphant et son corps humain rondouillet - représentant à la fois le macro et le microcosme - font de lui un être doux et attachant. Dieu de la sagesse, de l\'intelligence, de l\'éducation et de la prudence, Ganesh se distingue par des représentations ou <em>mûrti </em>caractéristiques.\r\n\r\n<em>Mûrti du dieu Ganesha</em>\r\n\r\nLe dieu Ganesh est traditionnellement représenté avec une tête d\'éléphant ne possédant qu\'une seule défense, un corps rond humain, généralement celui d\'un enfant, mais aussi souvent quatre bras, dont chacun représente un des attribut du dieu. On peut alors trouver dans sa main :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>la<strong> hache</strong> ou <strong><em>parashu</em></strong>, arme du dieu Shiva qui sert à détruire le désir et l\'attachement, permettant ainsi d\'échapper au chagrin et aux tourments qui en découlent.</li>\r\n <li><strong>L\'aiguillon à éléphant</strong> ou <em><strong>ankusha</strong>, </em>symbole de la maîtrise de Ganesh sur le monde.</li>\r\n <li><strong>Le noeud coulant</strong> ou <em><strong>pasha</strong>, </em>qui sert à capturer l\'erreur.</li>\r\n <li><strong>un chapelet</strong> ou <em><strong>mâlâ</strong>, </em>constitué des cinquante lettres de l\'alphabet sankrit.</li>\r\n <li><strong>Un bol de friandises</strong> ou <em><strong>modaka-patra</strong>,</em> accompagne également souvent la <em>mûrti </em>de Ganesh, symbolisant la douce récompense du chercheur de vérité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2009\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Ganesh-attributs-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></p>\r\nGanesha est aussi fréquemment représenté assis, une jambe repliée. Il est toujours accompagné de sa monture ou <em>vâhana, </em>qui n\'est autre qu\'un rat ou <em>M</em><em>ûshika</em>, ancien démon, transformé par Ganesh. Petit, agile et malicieux, il représente le microcosme, tandis que ganesh, Grand, puissant et réfléchi, représente le macrocosme. Leur complémentarité leur permet ainsi de vaincre tous les maux et troubles de l\'univers. Un bol de friandises ou <em>modaka-patra,</em> accompagne également souvent la <em>mûrti </em>de Ganesh, symbolisant la douce récompense du chercheur de vérité.\r\n\r\nAu Népal, Ganesha peut être représenté avec plus de quatre bras et est alors relié au tantrisme.','Ganesh, de la signification des représentations','','inherit','closed','closed','','2006-revision-v1','','','2020-08-19 13:19:38','2020-08-19 09:19:38','',2006,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2006-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2012,2,'2020-08-24 11:47:42','2020-08-24 07:47:42','Lorsque l\'on observe bien les représentations du dieu Ganesh on constate que l\'une de ses défenses est brisée, mais en connaissez-vous la signification?\r\n\r\n<em>Origine et interprétation</em>\r\n\r\nIl existe de multiples versions quant à la signification de la défense cassée de Ganesh dans la mythologie hindoue, néanmoins, vous vous présenterons les deux plus fréquentes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2015 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Murti-3-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ganesh écrivant le <em>Mahâbhârata,</em> sous la dictée du sage Vyasa, à l\'aide de sa défense brisée</p>\r\n \r\n\r\nLa première version est reliée à l\'écriture du Mahâbhârata par le sage Vyasa qui, lors de ses méditations à Brahmâ, eut la vison que Ganesh devait être celui qui rédigerait le long poème. Ganesha accepta de jouer le rôle de scribe à condition que le sage dicte sans s\'arrêter. Vyasa, quant à lui, demanda au dieu de réfléchir et méditer sur le sens implicite de chaque mot utilisé. Ganesha commença alors sa rédaction sous la dictée de Vyasa, en prenant soin de penser au sens de chaque mot écrit, ce qui permettait au sage de continuer de réfléchir à la composition des vers suivants. Or, comme la dictée, selon la demande de Ganesh, ne devait être interrompue, Vyasa continuait celle-ci sans relâche jusqu\'à ce que Ganesh se trouve sans \"outil\" pour écrire. Pour ne pas interrompre la dictée de Vyasa, il cassa alors sa défense droite pour continuer sa rédaction. Le sacrifice de sa défense par Ganesh fut grandement salué par les dieux et devint la représentation de l\'unicité et la trancendance.\r\n\r\nLa seconde version la plus fréquente veut que Ganesh, alors qu\'il fêtait son anniversaire mangea trop de gâteaux préparés (21, chiffre de Ganesh) par sa mère, Parvati. L\'estomac trop plein, il fit une chute qui provoqua les moqueries de la lune, <em>Chandra. </em>Furieux, Ganesh cassa une de ses défenses qu\'il lança alors à celle qui riait de son infortune, elle devint alors noire, privant de sa lumière nocturne la terre. C\'est ainsi que, selon la volonté de Ganesh, aucun dévot ne doit regarder la lune la nuit de son anniversaire, soit lors de la célébration de Ganesh chaturti...','pourquoi Ganesh a-t-il une défense cassée?','','publish','open','open','','pourquoi-ganesh-a-t-il-une-defense-cassee','','','2020-08-24 11:47:42','2020-08-24 07:47:42','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2012',0,'post','',0),(2013,2,'2020-08-24 11:40:00','2020-08-24 07:40:00','','Murti 1','','inherit','open','closed','','murti-1','','','2020-08-24 11:40:00','2020-08-24 07:40:00','',2012,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Murti-1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2014,2,'2020-08-24 11:41:48','2020-08-24 07:41:48','','Murti 2','','inherit','open','closed','','murti-2','','','2020-08-24 11:41:48','2020-08-24 07:41:48','',2012,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Murti-2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2015,2,'2020-08-24 11:44:45','2020-08-24 07:44:45','','Murti 3','','inherit','open','closed','','murti-3','','','2020-08-24 11:44:45','2020-08-24 07:44:45','',2012,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Murti-3.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2016,2,'2020-08-24 11:47:42','2020-08-24 07:47:42','Lorsque l\'on observe bien les représentations du dieu Ganesh on constate que l\'une de ses défenses est brisée, mais en connaissez-vous la signification?\r\n\r\n<em>Origine et interprétation</em>\r\n\r\nIl existe de multiples versions quant à la signification de la défense cassée de Ganesh dans la mythologie hindoue, néanmoins, vous vous présenterons les deux plus fréquentes.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2015 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Murti-3-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ganesh écrivant le <em>Mahâbhârata,</em> sous la dictée du sage Vyasa, à l\'aide de sa défense brisée</p>\r\n \r\n\r\nLa première version est reliée à l\'écriture du Mahâbhârata par le sage Vyasa qui, lors de ses méditations à Brahmâ, eut la vison que Ganesh devait être celui qui rédigerait le long poème. Ganesha accepta de jouer le rôle de scribe à condition que le sage dicte sans s\'arrêter. Vyasa, quant à lui, demanda au dieu de réfléchir et méditer sur le sens implicite de chaque mot utilisé. Ganesha commença alors sa rédaction sous la dictée de Vyasa, en prenant soin de penser au sens de chaque mot écrit, ce qui permettait au sage de continuer de réfléchir à la composition des vers suivants. Or, comme la dictée, selon la demande de Ganesh, ne devait être interrompue, Vyasa continuait celle-ci sans relâche jusqu\'à ce que Ganesh se trouve sans \"outil\" pour écrire. Pour ne pas interrompre la dictée de Vyasa, il cassa alors sa défense droite pour continuer sa rédaction. Le sacrifice de sa défense par Ganesh fut grandement salué par les dieux et devint la représentation de l\'unicité et la trancendance.\r\n\r\nLa seconde version la plus fréquente veut que Ganesh, alors qu\'il fêtait son anniversaire mangea trop de gâteaux préparés (21, chiffre de Ganesh) par sa mère, Parvati. L\'estomac trop plein, il fit une chute qui provoqua les moqueries de la lune, <em>Chandra. </em>Furieux, Ganesh cassa une de ses défenses qu\'il lança alors à celle qui riait de son infortune, elle devint alors noire, privant de sa lumière nocturne la terre. C\'est ainsi que, selon la volonté de Ganesh, aucun dévot ne doit regarder la lune la nuit de son anniversaire, soit lors de la célébration de Ganesh chaturti...','pourquoi Ganesh a-t-il une défense cassée?','','inherit','closed','closed','','2012-revision-v1','','','2020-08-24 11:47:42','2020-08-24 07:47:42','',2012,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2012-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2020,2,'2021-01-28 01:06:39','2021-01-27 21:06:39','<em>Thaipoosam cavadee</em> ou <em>Thaipusam ou encore Thaipooyam </em>est une célèbre fête hindoue, essentiellement est célébrée par l\'ethnie tamoule (exclusivement celle-ci à Maurice), lors du mois de pleine lune dans le calendrier tamoul, à savoir entre janvier et février. Cette fête célèbre à la fois la naissance du dieu <em>Muruga </em>ou <em>Skanda</em> ou <em>Subrãhmanya, </em>et la réception de sa lance <em>vel </em>pour détruire le démon<em> Surapadman </em>et son armée.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Qui est Muruga?</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Muruga, ou Murugan, </em>est communément considéré comme le fils du dieu Shiva et de la déesse Pârvatî. Or, lorsqu\'on s\'intéresse de plus près au mythe de sa naissance, on constate que celle-ci est plus complexe qu\'il n\'y paraît. <em> </em>En effet, les premières références de cette divinité sont mentionnées dans la littérature sanskrite du premier millénaire avant J-C. Sa naissance est liée à des évèvements dramatiques et violents : les démons tentent alors de régner sur le monde, semant chaos et destruction. Débordés et harassés par des luttes constantes, les dieux demandent alors de l\'aide au dieu <em>Shiva </em>afin qu\'il donne naissance à un valeureux guerrier capable de vaincre les esprits démoniaques. C\'est ici que les versions divergent. Toutefois, toutes les versions ont un point commun : la naissance de <em>Muruga</em> est extra-utérine. En voici trois des plus fréquentes :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Une première version, issue de <em>Purâna</em> veut que ce soit lors du retour de Pârvatî auprès de son époux, après un longue ascèse, que fut créé <em>Muruga</em>, la déesse étant à l\'origine de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>.</li>\r\n <li>Une autre version, très usitée, veut que lors de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>, le dieu <em>Agni</em> tenta de la récupérer mais celle-ci était si brûlante qu\'il la laissa échapper et elle fut récupérée par <em>Gangâ</em>, la rivière céleste, alors non incarnée sur terre (futur Gange). Cette dernière ne se montrant guère maternelle, <em>Muruga</em> fut confié aux soins de sept nourrices, appelées <em>Krittikâ, </em>qui lui valut ainsi le nom de <em>Kârttikeya, </em>mais aussi<em> </em>d\'être souvent représenté avec six têtes afin de pouvoir têter plusieurs nourrices à la fois.</li>\r\n <li>Dans le troisième livre du <em>Mahabhârâtha, Kârttikeya </em>est présenté comme le fils d\'<em>Agni</em> et <em>Svaha, </em>épouse du feu, qui prit alors l\'apparence de six des sept <em>Krittikâ.</em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\nUne fois né, sa force extrême fait de <em>Muruga</em> le dieu tout-puissant de l\'armée divine. Sa monture, un paon appelé <em>Paravāni</em>, mangeur de serpents qui l\'aide à se déplacer, symbolise l\'abstinence sexuelle qui permet à l\'esprit de se débarrasser de tous désirs néfastes. <em>Muruga</em>, qui signifie en langue tamoule <em>le garçon,</em> est toujours représenté comme un adolescent à la coiffure juvénile caractéristique : trois méches ou <em>trisira</em>. Sa force démesurée est souvent représentée dans l\'iconographie divine avec six têtes et douze bras. Enfin, sa victoire est liée à sa lance-boomerang ou <em>vel, </em>qui ne manque jamais sa cible. Frère de<em> Ganesh</em>, il est considéré comme le fils de<em> Shiva</em> seul, tout comme son frère est celui de <em>Pârvatî. </em>Muruga représente, en outre, l\'irruption du sacré,t sa puissance, dans la réalité.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2021 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga-1-283x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration et symbolisme</strong> </em>\r\n\r\n<em>Thaipoosam </em>est sans aucun doute la fête religieuse la plus importante du calendrier tamoul. C\'est un jour pieux dont la célébration met un terme à un jeûne et une préparation de dix jours des dévots avant sa conclusion en une fête exceptionnelle, où se mêlent souffrance et joie, prières et chants. Cette fête haute en couleur a pour but de consacrer le dieu <em>Muruga</em>, et, pour chaque dévot, de prouver sa confiance, sa fidélité et sa dévotion sans faille à la divinité.\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>le <em>cavadee : Thaipoosam cavadee</em>, qui signifie littéralement \" lever de l\'arche de bois de la pleine lune de janvier\", est l\'occasion pour les dévots de confectionner l\'arche qu\'il devront porter et sur laquelle se trouve une représentation du dieu <em>Muruga. </em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2030\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2025\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/rituel-Surinam-300x172.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"199\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Cavadees où repose la représentation du dieu Muruga</em></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dix jours précédant la célébration, les dévots procèdent à un jeûne strict, qui impose notamment la non- consommation de la chair d\'un quelconque être vivant. C\'est un moment intense de recueillement, de préparation à la fois physique et spirituelle qui prépare chaque dévot au jour ultime du sacrifice et de la dévotion, par la prière et la méditation.</li>\r\n <li>Au matin de la célébration, les fidèles désireux de porter le cavadee , se font transpercer (le pratiquant doit parfaitement connaître les points de pénétration afin d\'éviter tout dommage physique) différentes parties du corps comme les joues, le dos ou la langue, à l\'aide grandes aiguilles, afin de montrer leur dévotion au dieu <em>Muruga, </em>faisant preuve de sacrifice tout comme le jeune dieu a lutté courageusement contre les démons.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2029\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/download-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"289\" height=\"162\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2031\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/images.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"180\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2026\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t1-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dévots se rendent ensuite à la rivière ou à la mer pour se purifier, où les attend un prêtre qui les bénit.</li>\r\n <li>Commence ensuite la procession qui mènera tous les participants au temple de sa localité, accompagnés de danses, chants et musiciens.</li>\r\n <li>La célébration s\'achèvera sur des prières et offrandes à <em>Muruga </em>puis, est servi un repas collectif et convivial où règne joie et partage.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-2027 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Temple-tamoule-300x145.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"339\" height=\"164\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Réception des fidèles au temple</em></p>\r\nAinsi s\'achève un moment d\'émotions et de pure dévotion, de transformation et de méditation, qui rappelle à chacun l\'importance et les bienfaits de la spiritualité dans sa vie quotidienne.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Thaipoosam cavadee','','publish','open','open','','thaipoosam-cavadee','','','2021-01-28 12:40:46','2021-01-28 08:40:46','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2020',0,'post','',0),(2021,2,'2021-01-16 12:02:53','2021-01-16 08:02:53','','Muruga 1','','inherit','open','closed','','muruga-1','','','2021-01-16 12:02:53','2021-01-16 08:02:53','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga-1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2022,2,'2021-01-16 12:03:24','2021-01-16 08:03:24','<em>Thaipoosam cavadee</em> ou <em>Thaipusam ou encore Thaipooyam </em>est une célèbre fête hindoue, essentiellement célébrée par l\'ethnie tamoule (exclusivement celle-ci à Maurice), lors du mois de pleine lune dans le calendrier tamoul, à savoir entre janvier et février. Cette fête célèbre à la fois la naissance du dieu <em>Muruga </em>ou Skanda ou <em>Subrãhmanya </em>la réception de sa lance <em>vel </em>pour détruire le démon<em> Surapadman </em>et son armée.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Qui est Muruga?</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Muruga ou Murugan </em>est communément considéré comme le fils du dieu Shiva et de la déesse Parvati. Or, comme on s\'intéresse de plus au mythe de sa naissance, on constate que celle-ci est plus complexe qu\'il n\'y paraît. <em> </em>En effet, les premières références de cette divinité sont mentionnées dans la littérature sankrite du premier millénaire avant J-C. Sa naissance est liée à des évèvements dramatiques et violent : les démons tentent de régner sur le monde, semant chaos et destruction. Débordés et harassés par des luttes constantes, les dieux demandent alors de l\'aide au dieu <em>Shiva </em>afin qu\'il donne naissance à un valeureux guerrier capable de vaincre les esprits démoniaques. C\'est ici que les versions divergent. Toutefois, toutes les versions ont un point commun : la naissance de <em>Muruga</em> est extra-utérine. En voic trois des plus fréquentes :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Une première version, issue de Purâna veut que c\'est lors du retour de Pârvatî auprès de son époux, après un longue ascèse, que fut créé <em>Muruga</em>, la déesse étant à l\'origine de l\'émission de la semence de son époux.</li>\r\n <li>Une autre version, très usitée, veut que lors de l\'émission de la semence de Shiva, le dieu Agni tenta de la récupérer mais celle-ci était si brûlante qu\'il la laissa échaper et qu\'elle fut récupérée par Gangâ, la rivière céleste, alors non incarnée sur terre (futur Gange). Cette dernière ne se montrant guère maternelle, <em>Muruga</em> fut confié aux soins de sept nourrices, appelées <em>Krittikâ, </em>qui lui vaut ainsi le nom de <em>Kârttikeya </em>et d\'être souvent représenté avec six têtes afin de pouvoir têter plusieurs nourrices à la fois.</li>\r\n <li>Dans le troisième livre du <em>Mahabhârâtha, Kârttikeya </em>est présenté comme le fils d\'Agni et <em>Svaha, </em>épouse du feu, qui prit alors l\'apparence de six des sept <em>Krittikâ.</em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\nUne fois né, sa force extrême fait de <em>Muruga</em> le dieu tout-puissant de l\'armée divine. Sa monture, un paon appelé Paravāni, qui l\'aide à se déplacer, symbolise l\'abstinence sexuelle qui permet à l\'esprit de se débarrasser de tous désirs néfastes. <em>Muruga</em>, qui signifie en langue tamoule <em>le garçon,</em> est toujours représenté comme un adolescent, à la coiffure juvénile caractéristique : trois méches ou trisira. Sa force démesurée est souvent représentée dans l\'iconographie divine avec six têtes et douze bras. Enfin, sa victoire est liée à sa lance-boomerang ou <em>vel, </em>qui ne manque jamais sa cible. Frère de<em> Ganesh</em>, il est considéré comme le fils de<em> Shiva</em> seul, tout comme son frère est celui de <em>Pârvatî. </em>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration et symbolisme</strong> </em>\r\n\r\n ','Thaipoosam cavadee','','inherit','closed','closed','','2020-revision-v1','','','2021-01-16 12:03:24','2021-01-16 08:03:24','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2020-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2024,2,'2021-01-27 17:19:21','2021-01-27 13:19:21','','Muruga2','','inherit','open','closed','','muruga2','','','2021-01-27 17:19:21','2021-01-27 13:19:21','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2025,2,'2021-01-27 17:20:41','2021-01-27 13:20:41','','rituel, Surinam','','inherit','open','closed','','rituel-surinam','','','2021-01-27 17:20:41','2021-01-27 13:20:41','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/rituel-Surinam.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2026,2,'2021-01-27 17:20:50','2021-01-27 13:20:50','','t1','','inherit','open','closed','','t1','','','2021-01-27 17:20:50','2021-01-27 13:20:50','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2027,2,'2021-01-27 17:26:12','2021-01-27 13:26:12','','Temple tamoule','','inherit','open','closed','','temple-tamoule','','','2021-01-27 17:26:12','2021-01-27 13:26:12','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Temple-tamoule.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2028,2,'2021-01-27 17:29:04','2021-01-27 13:29:04','<em>Thaipoosam cavadee</em> ou <em>Thaipusam ou encore Thaipooyam </em>est une célèbre fête hindoue, essentiellement célébrée par l\'ethnie tamoule (exclusivement celle-ci à Maurice), lors du mois de pleine lune dans le calendrier tamoul, à savoir entre janvier et février. Cette fête célèbre à la fois la naissance du dieu <em>Muruga </em>ou <em>Skanda</em> ou <em>Subrãhmanya, </em>la réception de sa lance <em>vel </em>pour détruire le démon<em> Surapadman </em>et son armée.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Qui est Muruga?</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Muruga, ou Murugan, </em>est communément considéré comme le fils du dieu Shiva et de la déesse Pârvatî. Or, lorsqu\'on s\'intéresse de plus près au mythe de sa naissance, on constate que celle-ci est plus complexe qu\'il n\'y paraît. <em> </em>En effet, les premières références de cette divinité sont mentionnées dans la littérature sanskrite du premier millénaire avant J-C. Sa naissance est liée à des évèvements dramatiques et violents : les démons tentent alors de régner sur le monde, semant chaos et destruction. Débordés et harassés par des luttes constantes, les dieux demandent alors de l\'aide au dieu <em>Shiva </em>afin qu\'il donne naissance à un valeureux guerrier capable de vaincre les esprits démoniaques. C\'est ici que les versions divergent. Toutefois, toutes les versions ont un point commun : la naissance de <em>Muruga</em> est extra-utérine. En voici trois des plus fréquentes :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Une première version, issue de <em>Purâna</em> veut que ce soit lors du retour de Pârvatî auprès de son époux, après un longue ascèse, que fut créé <em>Muruga</em>, la déesse étant à l\'origine de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Une autre version, très usitée, veut que lors de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>, le dieu <em>Agni</em> tenta de la récupérer mais celle-ci était si brûlante qu\'il la laissa échapper et elle fut récupérée par <em>Gangâ</em>, la rivière céleste, alors non incarnée sur terre (futur Gange). Cette dernière ne se montrant guère maternelle, <em>Muruga</em> fut confié aux soins de sept nourrices, appelées <em>Krittikâ, </em>qui lui valut ainsi le nom de <em>Kârttikeya, </em>mais aussi<em> </em>d\'être souvent représenté avec six têtes afin de pouvoir têter plusieurs nourrices à la fois.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Dans le troisième livre du <em>Mahabhârâtha, Kârttikeya </em>est présenté comme le fils d\'<em>Agni</em> et <em>Svaha, </em>épouse du feu, qui prit alors l\'apparence de six des sept <em>Krittikâ.</em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\nUne fois né, sa force extrême fait de <em>Muruga</em> le dieu tout-puissant de l\'armée divine. Sa monture, un paon appelé <em>Paravāni</em>, mangeur de serpents qui l\'aide à se déplacer, symbolise l\'abstinence sexuelle qui permet à l\'esprit de se débarrasser de tous désirs néfastes. <em>Muruga</em>, qui signifie en langue tamoule <em>le garçon,</em> est toujours représenté comme un adolescent à la coiffure juvénile caractéristique : trois méches ou <em>trisira</em>. Sa force démesurée est souvent représentée dans l\'iconographie divine avec six têtes et douze bras. Enfin, sa victoire est liée à sa lance-boomerang ou <em>vel, </em>qui ne manque jamais sa cible. Frère de<em> Ganesh</em>, il est considéré comme le fils de<em> Shiva</em> seul, tout comme son frère est celui de <em>Pârvatî. </em>Muruga représente, en outre, l\'irruption du sacré,t sa puissance, dans la réalité.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2021\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga-1-283x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration et symbolisme</strong> </em>\r\n\r\n<em>Thaipoosam </em>est sans aucun doute la fête religieuse la plus importante du calendrier tamoul. C\'est un jour pieux dont la célébration met un terme à un jeûne et une préparation de dix jours des dévots avant sa conclusion en une fête exceptionnelle, où se mêlent souffrance et joie, prières et chants. Cette fête haute en couleur a pour but de consacrer le dieu <em>Muruga</em>, et, pour chaque dévot, de prouver sa confiance, sa fidélité et sa dévotion sans faille à la divinité.\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>le <em>cavadee : Thaipoosam cavadee</em>, qui signifie littéralement \" lever de l\'arche de bois de la pleine lune de janvier\", est l\'occasion pour les dévots de confectionner l\'arche qu\'il devront porter et sur laquelle se trouve une représentation du dieu <em>Muruga. </em></li>\r\n <li style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"n3VNCb\" src=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Thaipusam_Murugan.jpg\" alt=\"upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Tha...\" data-noaft=\"1\" /><em>Cavadee où repose la représentation du dieu Muruga</em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dix jours précédant la célébration, les dévots procèdent à un jeûne strict, qui impose notamment la non- consommation de la chair d\'un quelconque être vivant. C\'est un moment intense de recueillement, de préparation à la fois physique et spirituelle qui prépare chaque dévot au jour ultime du sacrifice et de la dévotion, par la prière et la méditation.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Au matin de la célébration, les fidèles désireux de porter le cavadee , se font transpercer (le pratiquant doit parfaitement connaître les points de pénétration afin d\'éviter tout dommage physique) différentes parties du corps comme les joues, le dos ou la langue, à l\'aide grandes aiguilles, afin de montrer leur dévotion au dieu <em>Muruga, </em>faisant preuve de sacrifice tout comme le jeune dieu a lutté courageusement contre les démons.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2026\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t1-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dévots se rendent ensuite à la rivière ou à la mer pour se purifier, où les attend un prêtre qui les bénit.</li>\r\n <li>Commence ensuite la procession qui mènera tous les participants au temple de sa localité, accompagnés de danses, chants et musiciens.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n \r\n<ul>\r\n <li>La célébration s\'achèvera sur des prières et offrandes à <em>Muruga</em>, puis, est servi un repas collectif et convivial où règne joie et partage.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-2027 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Temple-tamoule-300x145.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"339\" height=\"164\" />\r\n\r\n<em>Réception des fidèles au temple</em>\r\n\r\nAinsi s\'achève un moment d\'émotions et de pure dévotion, de transformation et de méditation, qui rappelle à chacun l\'importance et les bienfaits de la spiritualité dans sa vie quotidienne.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Thaipoosam cavadee','','inherit','closed','closed','','2020-revision-v1','','','2021-01-27 17:29:04','2021-01-27 13:29:04','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2020-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2029,2,'2021-01-28 00:56:49','2021-01-27 20:56:49','','download','','inherit','open','closed','','download','','','2021-01-28 00:56:49','2021-01-27 20:56:49','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/download.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2030,2,'2021-01-28 00:57:28','2021-01-27 20:57:28','','t2','','inherit','open','closed','','t2','','','2021-01-28 00:57:28','2021-01-27 20:57:28','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2031,2,'2021-01-28 01:01:05','2021-01-27 21:01:05','','images','','inherit','open','closed','','images','','','2021-01-28 01:01:05','2021-01-27 21:01:05','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/images.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2032,2,'2021-01-28 01:06:29','2021-01-27 21:06:29','','Muruga 2','','inherit','open','closed','','muruga-2','','','2021-01-28 01:06:29','2021-01-27 21:06:29','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga-2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2033,2,'2021-01-28 01:06:39','2021-01-27 21:06:39','<em>Thaipoosam cavadee</em> ou <em>Thaipusam ou encore Thaipooyam </em>est une célèbre fête hindoue, essentiellement célébrée par l\'ethnie tamoule (exclusivement celle-ci à Maurice), lors du mois de pleine lune dans le calendrier tamoul, à savoir entre janvier et février. Cette fête célèbre à la fois la naissance du dieu <em>Muruga </em>ou <em>Skanda</em> ou <em>Subrãhmanya, </em>la réception de sa lance <em>vel </em>pour détruire le démon<em> Surapadman </em>et son armée.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Qui est Muruga?</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Muruga, ou Murugan, </em>est communément considéré comme le fils du dieu Shiva et de la déesse Pârvatî. Or, lorsqu\'on s\'intéresse de plus près au mythe de sa naissance, on constate que celle-ci est plus complexe qu\'il n\'y paraît. <em> </em>En effet, les premières références de cette divinité sont mentionnées dans la littérature sanskrite du premier millénaire avant J-C. Sa naissance est liée à des évèvements dramatiques et violents : les démons tentent alors de régner sur le monde, semant chaos et destruction. Débordés et harassés par des luttes constantes, les dieux demandent alors de l\'aide au dieu <em>Shiva </em>afin qu\'il donne naissance à un valeureux guerrier capable de vaincre les esprits démoniaques. C\'est ici que les versions divergent. Toutefois, toutes les versions ont un point commun : la naissance de <em>Muruga</em> est extra-utérine. En voici trois des plus fréquentes :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Une première version, issue de <em>Purâna</em> veut que ce soit lors du retour de Pârvatî auprès de son époux, après un longue ascèse, que fut créé <em>Muruga</em>, la déesse étant à l\'origine de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>.</li>\r\n <li>Une autre version, très usitée, veut que lors de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>, le dieu <em>Agni</em> tenta de la récupérer mais celle-ci était si brûlante qu\'il la laissa échapper et elle fut récupérée par <em>Gangâ</em>, la rivière céleste, alors non incarnée sur terre (futur Gange). Cette dernière ne se montrant guère maternelle, <em>Muruga</em> fut confié aux soins de sept nourrices, appelées <em>Krittikâ, </em>qui lui valut ainsi le nom de <em>Kârttikeya, </em>mais aussi<em> </em>d\'être souvent représenté avec six têtes afin de pouvoir têter plusieurs nourrices à la fois.</li>\r\n <li>Dans le troisième livre du <em>Mahabhârâtha, Kârttikeya </em>est présenté comme le fils d\'<em>Agni</em> et <em>Svaha, </em>épouse du feu, qui prit alors l\'apparence de six des sept <em>Krittikâ.</em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\nUne fois né, sa force extrême fait de <em>Muruga</em> le dieu tout-puissant de l\'armée divine. Sa monture, un paon appelé <em>Paravāni</em>, mangeur de serpents qui l\'aide à se déplacer, symbolise l\'abstinence sexuelle qui permet à l\'esprit de se débarrasser de tous désirs néfastes. <em>Muruga</em>, qui signifie en langue tamoule <em>le garçon,</em> est toujours représenté comme un adolescent à la coiffure juvénile caractéristique : trois méches ou <em>trisira</em>. Sa force démesurée est souvent représentée dans l\'iconographie divine avec six têtes et douze bras. Enfin, sa victoire est liée à sa lance-boomerang ou <em>vel, </em>qui ne manque jamais sa cible. Frère de<em> Ganesh</em>, il est considéré comme le fils de<em> Shiva</em> seul, tout comme son frère est celui de <em>Pârvatî. </em>Muruga représente, en outre, l\'irruption du sacré,t sa puissance, dans la réalité.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2021 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga-1-283x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration et symbolisme</strong> </em>\r\n\r\n<em>Thaipoosam </em>est sans aucun doute la fête religieuse la plus importante du calendrier tamoul. C\'est un jour pieux dont la célébration met un terme à un jeûne et une préparation de dix jours des dévots avant sa conclusion en une fête exceptionnelle, où se mêlent souffrance et joie, prières et chants. Cette fête haute en couleur a pour but de consacrer le dieu <em>Muruga</em>, et, pour chaque dévot, de prouver sa confiance, sa fidélité et sa dévotion sans faille à la divinité.\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>le <em>cavadee : Thaipoosam cavadee</em>, qui signifie littéralement \" lever de l\'arche de bois de la pleine lune de janvier\", est l\'occasion pour les dévots de confectionner l\'arche qu\'il devront porter et sur laquelle se trouve une représentation du dieu <em>Muruga. </em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2030\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2025\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/rituel-Surinam-300x172.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"199\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Cavadees où repose la représentation du dieu Muruga</em></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dix jours précédant la célébration, les dévots procèdent à un jeûne strict, qui impose notamment la non- consommation de la chair d\'un quelconque être vivant. C\'est un moment intense de recueillement, de préparation à la fois physique et spirituelle qui prépare chaque dévot au jour ultime du sacrifice et de la dévotion, par la prière et la méditation.</li>\r\n <li>Au matin de la célébration, les fidèles désireux de porter le cavadee , se font transpercer (le pratiquant doit parfaitement connaître les points de pénétration afin d\'éviter tout dommage physique) différentes parties du corps comme les joues, le dos ou la langue, à l\'aide grandes aiguilles, afin de montrer leur dévotion au dieu <em>Muruga, </em>faisant preuve de sacrifice tout comme le jeune dieu a lutté courageusement contre les démons.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2029\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/download-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"289\" height=\"162\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2031\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/images.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"180\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2026\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t1-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dévots se rendent ensuite à la rivière ou à la mer pour se purifier, où les attend un prêtre qui les bénit.</li>\r\n <li>Commence ensuite la procession qui mènera tous les participants au temple de sa localité, accompagnés de danses, chants et musiciens.</li>\r\n <li>La célébration s\'achèvera sur des prières et offrandes à <em>Muruga</em>, puis, est servi un repas collectif et convivial où règne joie et partage.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-2027 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Temple-tamoule-300x145.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"339\" height=\"164\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Réception des fidèles au temple</em></p>\r\nAinsi s\'achève un moment d\'émotions et de pure dévotion, de transformation et de méditation, qui rappelle à chacun l\'importance et les bienfaits de la spiritualité dans sa vie quotidienne.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Thaipoosam cavadee','','inherit','closed','closed','','2020-revision-v1','','','2021-01-28 01:06:39','2021-01-27 21:06:39','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2020-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2035,2,'2021-01-28 01:08:33','2021-01-27 21:08:33','<em>Thaipoosam cavadee</em> ou <em>Thaipusam ou encore Thaipooyam </em>est une célèbre fête hindoue, essentiellement célébrée par l\'ethnie tamoule (exclusivement celle-ci à Maurice), lors du mois de pleine lune dans le calendrier tamoul, à savoir entre janvier et février. Cette fête célèbre à la fois la naissance du dieu <em>Muruga </em>ou <em>Skanda</em> ou <em>Subrãhmanya, </em>et la réception de sa lance <em>vel </em>pour détruire le démon<em> Surapadman </em>et son armée.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Qui est Muruga?</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Muruga, ou Murugan, </em>est communément considéré comme le fils du dieu Shiva et de la déesse Pârvatî. Or, lorsqu\'on s\'intéresse de plus près au mythe de sa naissance, on constate que celle-ci est plus complexe qu\'il n\'y paraît. <em> </em>En effet, les premières références de cette divinité sont mentionnées dans la littérature sanskrite du premier millénaire avant J-C. Sa naissance est liée à des évèvements dramatiques et violents : les démons tentent alors de régner sur le monde, semant chaos et destruction. Débordés et harassés par des luttes constantes, les dieux demandent alors de l\'aide au dieu <em>Shiva </em>afin qu\'il donne naissance à un valeureux guerrier capable de vaincre les esprits démoniaques. C\'est ici que les versions divergent. Toutefois, toutes les versions ont un point commun : la naissance de <em>Muruga</em> est extra-utérine. En voici trois des plus fréquentes :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Une première version, issue de <em>Purâna</em> veut que ce soit lors du retour de Pârvatî auprès de son époux, après un longue ascèse, que fut créé <em>Muruga</em>, la déesse étant à l\'origine de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>.</li>\r\n <li>Une autre version, très usitée, veut que lors de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>, le dieu <em>Agni</em> tenta de la récupérer mais celle-ci était si brûlante qu\'il la laissa échapper et elle fut récupérée par <em>Gangâ</em>, la rivière céleste, alors non incarnée sur terre (futur Gange). Cette dernière ne se montrant guère maternelle, <em>Muruga</em> fut confié aux soins de sept nourrices, appelées <em>Krittikâ, </em>qui lui valut ainsi le nom de <em>Kârttikeya, </em>mais aussi<em> </em>d\'être souvent représenté avec six têtes afin de pouvoir têter plusieurs nourrices à la fois.</li>\r\n <li>Dans le troisième livre du <em>Mahabhârâtha, Kârttikeya </em>est présenté comme le fils d\'<em>Agni</em> et <em>Svaha, </em>épouse du feu, qui prit alors l\'apparence de six des sept <em>Krittikâ.</em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\nUne fois né, sa force extrême fait de <em>Muruga</em> le dieu tout-puissant de l\'armée divine. Sa monture, un paon appelé <em>Paravāni</em>, mangeur de serpents qui l\'aide à se déplacer, symbolise l\'abstinence sexuelle qui permet à l\'esprit de se débarrasser de tous désirs néfastes. <em>Muruga</em>, qui signifie en langue tamoule <em>le garçon,</em> est toujours représenté comme un adolescent à la coiffure juvénile caractéristique : trois méches ou <em>trisira</em>. Sa force démesurée est souvent représentée dans l\'iconographie divine avec six têtes et douze bras. Enfin, sa victoire est liée à sa lance-boomerang ou <em>vel, </em>qui ne manque jamais sa cible. Frère de<em> Ganesh</em>, il est considéré comme le fils de<em> Shiva</em> seul, tout comme son frère est celui de <em>Pârvatî. </em>Muruga représente, en outre, l\'irruption du sacré,t sa puissance, dans la réalité.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2021 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga-1-283x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration et symbolisme</strong> </em>\r\n\r\n<em>Thaipoosam </em>est sans aucun doute la fête religieuse la plus importante du calendrier tamoul. C\'est un jour pieux dont la célébration met un terme à un jeûne et une préparation de dix jours des dévots avant sa conclusion en une fête exceptionnelle, où se mêlent souffrance et joie, prières et chants. Cette fête haute en couleur a pour but de consacrer le dieu <em>Muruga</em>, et, pour chaque dévot, de prouver sa confiance, sa fidélité et sa dévotion sans faille à la divinité.\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>le <em>cavadee : Thaipoosam cavadee</em>, qui signifie littéralement \" lever de l\'arche de bois de la pleine lune de janvier\", est l\'occasion pour les dévots de confectionner l\'arche qu\'il devront porter et sur laquelle se trouve une représentation du dieu <em>Muruga. </em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2030\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2025\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/rituel-Surinam-300x172.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"199\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Cavadees où repose la représentation du dieu Muruga</em></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dix jours précédant la célébration, les dévots procèdent à un jeûne strict, qui impose notamment la non- consommation de la chair d\'un quelconque être vivant. C\'est un moment intense de recueillement, de préparation à la fois physique et spirituelle qui prépare chaque dévot au jour ultime du sacrifice et de la dévotion, par la prière et la méditation.</li>\r\n <li>Au matin de la célébration, les fidèles désireux de porter le cavadee , se font transpercer (le pratiquant doit parfaitement connaître les points de pénétration afin d\'éviter tout dommage physique) différentes parties du corps comme les joues, le dos ou la langue, à l\'aide grandes aiguilles, afin de montrer leur dévotion au dieu <em>Muruga, </em>faisant preuve de sacrifice tout comme le jeune dieu a lutté courageusement contre les démons.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2029\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/download-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"289\" height=\"162\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2031\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/images.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"180\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2026\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t1-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dévots se rendent ensuite à la rivière ou à la mer pour se purifier, où les attend un prêtre qui les bénit.</li>\r\n <li>Commence ensuite la procession qui mènera tous les participants au temple de sa localité, accompagnés de danses, chants et musiciens.</li>\r\n <li>La célébration s\'achèvera sur des prières et offrandes à <em>Muruga</em>, puis, est servi un repas collectif et convivial où règne joie et partage.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-2027 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Temple-tamoule-300x145.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"339\" height=\"164\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Réception des fidèles au temple</em></p>\r\nAinsi s\'achève un moment d\'émotions et de pure dévotion, de transformation et de méditation, qui rappelle à chacun l\'importance et les bienfaits de la spiritualité dans sa vie quotidienne.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Thaipoosam cavadee','','inherit','closed','closed','','2020-revision-v1','','','2021-01-28 01:08:33','2021-01-27 21:08:33','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2020-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2036,2,'2021-01-28 09:51:39','2021-01-28 05:51:39','<em>Thaipoosam cavadee</em> ou <em>Thaipusam ou encore Thaipooyam </em>est une célèbre fête hindoue, essentiellement est célébrée par l\'ethnie tamoule (exclusivement celle-ci à Maurice), lors du mois de pleine lune dans le calendrier tamoul, à savoir entre janvier et février. Cette fête célèbre à la fois la naissance du dieu <em>Muruga </em>ou <em>Skanda</em> ou <em>Subrãhmanya, </em>et la réception de sa lance <em>vel </em>pour détruire le démon<em> Surapadman </em>et son armée.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Qui est Muruga?</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Muruga, ou Murugan, </em>est communément considéré comme le fils du dieu Shiva et de la déesse Pârvatî. Or, lorsqu\'on s\'intéresse de plus près au mythe de sa naissance, on constate que celle-ci est plus complexe qu\'il n\'y paraît. <em> </em>En effet, les premières références de cette divinité sont mentionnées dans la littérature sanskrite du premier millénaire avant J-C. Sa naissance est liée à des évèvements dramatiques et violents : les démons tentent alors de régner sur le monde, semant chaos et destruction. Débordés et harassés par des luttes constantes, les dieux demandent alors de l\'aide au dieu <em>Shiva </em>afin qu\'il donne naissance à un valeureux guerrier capable de vaincre les esprits démoniaques. C\'est ici que les versions divergent. Toutefois, toutes les versions ont un point commun : la naissance de <em>Muruga</em> est extra-utérine. En voici trois des plus fréquentes :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Une première version, issue de <em>Purâna</em> veut que ce soit lors du retour de Pârvatî auprès de son époux, après un longue ascèse, que fut créé <em>Muruga</em>, la déesse étant à l\'origine de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>.</li>\r\n <li>Une autre version, très usitée, veut que lors de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>, le dieu <em>Agni</em> tenta de la récupérer mais celle-ci était si brûlante qu\'il la laissa échapper et elle fut récupérée par <em>Gangâ</em>, la rivière céleste, alors non incarnée sur terre (futur Gange). Cette dernière ne se montrant guère maternelle, <em>Muruga</em> fut confié aux soins de sept nourrices, appelées <em>Krittikâ, </em>qui lui valut ainsi le nom de <em>Kârttikeya, </em>mais aussi<em> </em>d\'être souvent représenté avec six têtes afin de pouvoir têter plusieurs nourrices à la fois.</li>\r\n <li>Dans le troisième livre du <em>Mahabhârâtha, Kârttikeya </em>est présenté comme le fils d\'<em>Agni</em> et <em>Svaha, </em>épouse du feu, qui prit alors l\'apparence de six des sept <em>Krittikâ.</em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\nUne fois né, sa force extrême fait de <em>Muruga</em> le dieu tout-puissant de l\'armée divine. Sa monture, un paon appelé <em>Paravāni</em>, mangeur de serpents qui l\'aide à se déplacer, symbolise l\'abstinence sexuelle qui permet à l\'esprit de se débarrasser de tous désirs néfastes. <em>Muruga</em>, qui signifie en langue tamoule <em>le garçon,</em> est toujours représenté comme un adolescent à la coiffure juvénile caractéristique : trois méches ou <em>trisira</em>. Sa force démesurée est souvent représentée dans l\'iconographie divine avec six têtes et douze bras. Enfin, sa victoire est liée à sa lance-boomerang ou <em>vel, </em>qui ne manque jamais sa cible. Frère de<em> Ganesh</em>, il est considéré comme le fils de<em> Shiva</em> seul, tout comme son frère est celui de <em>Pârvatî. </em>Muruga représente, en outre, l\'irruption du sacré,t sa puissance, dans la réalité.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2021 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga-1-283x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration et symbolisme</strong> </em>\r\n\r\n<em>Thaipoosam </em>est sans aucun doute la fête religieuse la plus importante du calendrier tamoul. C\'est un jour pieux dont la célébration met un terme à un jeûne et une préparation de dix jours des dévots avant sa conclusion en une fête exceptionnelle, où se mêlent souffrance et joie, prières et chants. Cette fête haute en couleur a pour but de consacrer le dieu <em>Muruga</em>, et, pour chaque dévot, de prouver sa confiance, sa fidélité et sa dévotion sans faille à la divinité.\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>le <em>cavadee : Thaipoosam cavadee</em>, qui signifie littéralement \" lever de l\'arche de bois de la pleine lune de janvier\", est l\'occasion pour les dévots de confectionner l\'arche qu\'il devront porter et sur laquelle se trouve une représentation du dieu <em>Muruga. </em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2030\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2025\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/rituel-Surinam-300x172.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"199\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Cavadees où repose la représentation du dieu Muruga</em></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dix jours précédant la célébration, les dévots procèdent à un jeûne strict, qui impose notamment la non- consommation de la chair d\'un quelconque être vivant. C\'est un moment intense de recueillement, de préparation à la fois physique et spirituelle qui prépare chaque dévot au jour ultime du sacrifice et de la dévotion, par la prière et la méditation.</li>\r\n <li>Au matin de la célébration, les fidèles désireux de porter le cavadee , se font transpercer (le pratiquant doit parfaitement connaître les points de pénétration afin d\'éviter tout dommage physique) différentes parties du corps comme les joues, le dos ou la langue, à l\'aide grandes aiguilles, afin de montrer leur dévotion au dieu <em>Muruga, </em>faisant preuve de sacrifice tout comme le jeune dieu a lutté courageusement contre les démons.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2029\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/download-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"289\" height=\"162\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2031\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/images.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"180\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2026\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t1-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dévots se rendent ensuite à la rivière ou à la mer pour se purifier, où les attend un prêtre qui les bénit.</li>\r\n <li>Commence ensuite la procession qui mènera tous les participants au temple de sa localité, accompagnés de danses, chants et musiciens.</li>\r\n <li>La célébration s\'achèvera sur des prières et offrandes à <em>Muruga</em>, puis, est servi un repas collectif et convivial où règne joie et partage.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-2027 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Temple-tamoule-300x145.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"339\" height=\"164\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Réception des fidèles au temple</em></p>\r\nAinsi s\'achève un moment d\'émotions et de pure dévotion, de transformation et de méditation, qui rappelle à chacun l\'importance et les bienfaits de la spiritualité dans sa vie quotidienne.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Thaipoosam cavadee','','inherit','closed','closed','','2020-revision-v1','','','2021-01-28 09:51:39','2021-01-28 05:51:39','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2020-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2037,2,'2021-01-28 09:56:34','2021-01-28 05:56:34','<em>Thaipoosam cavadee</em> ou <em>Thaipusam ou encore Thaipooyam </em>est une célèbre fête hindoue, essentiellement est célébrée par l\'ethnie tamoule (exclusivement celle-ci à Maurice), lors du mois de pleine lune dans le calendrier tamoul, à savoir entre janvier et février. Cette fête célèbre à la fois la naissance du dieu <em>Muruga </em>ou <em>Skanda</em> ou <em>Subrãhmanya, </em>et la réception de sa lance <em>vel </em>pour détruire le démon<em> Surapadman </em>et son armée.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Qui est Muruga?</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<em>Muruga, ou Murugan, </em>est communément considéré comme le fils du dieu Shiva et de la déesse Pârvatî. Or, lorsqu\'on s\'intéresse de plus près au mythe de sa naissance, on constate que celle-ci est plus complexe qu\'il n\'y paraît. <em> </em>En effet, les premières références de cette divinité sont mentionnées dans la littérature sanskrite du premier millénaire avant J-C. Sa naissance est liée à des évèvements dramatiques et violents : les démons tentent alors de régner sur le monde, semant chaos et destruction. Débordés et harassés par des luttes constantes, les dieux demandent alors de l\'aide au dieu <em>Shiva </em>afin qu\'il donne naissance à un valeureux guerrier capable de vaincre les esprits démoniaques. C\'est ici que les versions divergent. Toutefois, toutes les versions ont un point commun : la naissance de <em>Muruga</em> est extra-utérine. En voici trois des plus fréquentes :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Une première version, issue de <em>Purâna</em> veut que ce soit lors du retour de Pârvatî auprès de son époux, après un longue ascèse, que fut créé <em>Muruga</em>, la déesse étant à l\'origine de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>.</li>\r\n <li>Une autre version, très usitée, veut que lors de l\'émission de la semence de <em>Shiva</em>, le dieu <em>Agni</em> tenta de la récupérer mais celle-ci était si brûlante qu\'il la laissa échapper et elle fut récupérée par <em>Gangâ</em>, la rivière céleste, alors non incarnée sur terre (futur Gange). Cette dernière ne se montrant guère maternelle, <em>Muruga</em> fut confié aux soins de sept nourrices, appelées <em>Krittikâ, </em>qui lui valut ainsi le nom de <em>Kârttikeya, </em>mais aussi<em> </em>d\'être souvent représenté avec six têtes afin de pouvoir têter plusieurs nourrices à la fois.</li>\r\n <li>Dans le troisième livre du <em>Mahabhârâtha, Kârttikeya </em>est présenté comme le fils d\'<em>Agni</em> et <em>Svaha, </em>épouse du feu, qui prit alors l\'apparence de six des sept <em>Krittikâ.</em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\nUne fois né, sa force extrême fait de <em>Muruga</em> le dieu tout-puissant de l\'armée divine. Sa monture, un paon appelé <em>Paravāni</em>, mangeur de serpents qui l\'aide à se déplacer, symbolise l\'abstinence sexuelle qui permet à l\'esprit de se débarrasser de tous désirs néfastes. <em>Muruga</em>, qui signifie en langue tamoule <em>le garçon,</em> est toujours représenté comme un adolescent à la coiffure juvénile caractéristique : trois méches ou <em>trisira</em>. Sa force démesurée est souvent représentée dans l\'iconographie divine avec six têtes et douze bras. Enfin, sa victoire est liée à sa lance-boomerang ou <em>vel, </em>qui ne manque jamais sa cible. Frère de<em> Ganesh</em>, il est considéré comme le fils de<em> Shiva</em> seul, tout comme son frère est celui de <em>Pârvatî. </em>Muruga représente, en outre, l\'irruption du sacré,t sa puissance, dans la réalité.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2021 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Muruga-1-283x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Célébration et symbolisme</strong> </em>\r\n\r\n<em>Thaipoosam </em>est sans aucun doute la fête religieuse la plus importante du calendrier tamoul. C\'est un jour pieux dont la célébration met un terme à un jeûne et une préparation de dix jours des dévots avant sa conclusion en une fête exceptionnelle, où se mêlent souffrance et joie, prières et chants. Cette fête haute en couleur a pour but de consacrer le dieu <em>Muruga</em>, et, pour chaque dévot, de prouver sa confiance, sa fidélité et sa dévotion sans faille à la divinité.\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>le <em>cavadee : Thaipoosam cavadee</em>, qui signifie littéralement \" lever de l\'arche de bois de la pleine lune de janvier\", est l\'occasion pour les dévots de confectionner l\'arche qu\'il devront porter et sur laquelle se trouve une représentation du dieu <em>Muruga. </em></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2030\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2025\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/rituel-Surinam-300x172.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"199\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Cavadees où repose la représentation du dieu Muruga</em></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dix jours précédant la célébration, les dévots procèdent à un jeûne strict, qui impose notamment la non- consommation de la chair d\'un quelconque être vivant. C\'est un moment intense de recueillement, de préparation à la fois physique et spirituelle qui prépare chaque dévot au jour ultime du sacrifice et de la dévotion, par la prière et la méditation.</li>\r\n <li>Au matin de la célébration, les fidèles désireux de porter le cavadee , se font transpercer (le pratiquant doit parfaitement connaître les points de pénétration afin d\'éviter tout dommage physique) différentes parties du corps comme les joues, le dos ou la langue, à l\'aide grandes aiguilles, afin de montrer leur dévotion au dieu <em>Muruga, </em>faisant preuve de sacrifice tout comme le jeune dieu a lutté courageusement contre les démons.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2029\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/download-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"289\" height=\"162\" /> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2031\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/images.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"180\" /></p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2026\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/t1-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" /></p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Les dévots se rendent ensuite à la rivière ou à la mer pour se purifier, où les attend un prêtre qui les bénit.</li>\r\n <li>Commence ensuite la procession qui mènera tous les participants au temple de sa localité, accompagnés de danses, chants et musiciens.</li>\r\n <li>La célébration s\'achèvera sur des prières et offrandes à <em>Muruga </em>puis, est servi un repas collectif et convivial où règne joie et partage.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-2027 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Temple-tamoule-300x145.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"339\" height=\"164\" />\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Réception des fidèles au temple</em></p>\r\nAinsi s\'achève un moment d\'émotions et de pure dévotion, de transformation et de méditation, qui rappelle à chacun l\'importance et les bienfaits de la spiritualité dans sa vie quotidienne.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Thaipoosam cavadee','','inherit','closed','closed','','2020-revision-v1','','','2021-01-28 09:56:34','2021-01-28 05:56:34','',2020,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2020-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2038,2,'2021-01-28 11:39:44','2021-01-28 07:39:44','Le dieu Ganesh, ou Ganesha ou Ganapati, est certainement l\'un des dieux les plus \"populaires\" du panthéon hindou. Fils de Pârvatî et Shiva, sa tête d\'éléphant et son corps humain rondouillet - représentant à la fois le macro et le microcosme - font de lui un être doux et attachant. Dieu de la sagesse, de l\'intelligence, de l\'éducation et de la prudence, Ganesh se distingue par des représentations ou <em>mûrti </em>caractéristiques.\r\n\r\n<em>Mûrti du dieu Ganesha</em>\r\n\r\nLe dieu Ganesh est traditionnellement représenté avec une tête d\'éléphant ne possédant qu\'une seule défense, un corps rond humain, généralement celui d\'un enfant, mais aussi souvent quatre bras, dont chacun représente un des attribut du dieu. On peut alors trouver dans sa main :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>la<strong> hache</strong> ou <strong><em>parashu</em></strong>, arme du dieu Shiva qui sert à détruire le désir et l\'attachement, permettant ainsi d\'échapper au chagrin et aux tourments qui en découlent.</li>\r\n <li><strong>L\'aiguillon à éléphant</strong> ou <em><strong>ankusha</strong>, </em>symbole de la maîtrise de Ganesh sur le monde.</li>\r\n <li><strong>Le noeud coulant</strong> ou <em><strong>pasha</strong>, </em>qui sert à capturer l\'erreur.</li>\r\n <li><strong>un chapelet</strong> ou <em><strong>mâlâ</strong>, </em>constitué des cinquante lettres de l\'alphabet sankrit.</li>\r\n <li><strong>Un bol de friandises</strong> ou <em><strong>modaka-patra</strong>,</em> accompagne également souvent la <em>mûrti </em>de Ganesh, symbolisant la douce récompense du chercheur de vérité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2009\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Ganesh-attributs-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" /></p>\r\nGanesha est aussi fréquemment représenté assis, une jambe repliée. Il est toujours accompagné de sa monture ou <em>vâhana, </em>qui n\'est autre qu\'un rat ou <em>M</em><em>ûshika</em>, ancien démon, transformé par Ganesh. Petit, agile et malicieux, il représente le microcosme, tandis que ganesh, Grand, puissant et réfléchi, représente le macrocosme. Leur complémentarité leur permet ainsi de vaincre tous les maux et troubles de l\'univers. Un bol de friandises ou <em>modaka-patra,</em> accompagne également souvent la <em>mûrti </em>de Ganesh, symbolisant la douce récompense du chercheur de vérité.\r\n\r\nAu Népal, Ganesha peut être représenté avec plus de quatre bras et est alors relié au tantrisme.','Ganesh, de la signification des représentations','','inherit','closed','closed','','2006-autosave-v1','','','2021-01-28 11:39:44','2021-01-28 07:39:44','',2006,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2006-autosave-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2040,3,'2021-01-28 12:41:43','2021-01-28 08:41:43',' ','','','publish','closed','closed','','2040','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',50,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2040',6,'nav_menu_item','',0),(2041,3,'2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','','Noël','','publish','closed','closed','','noel','','','2021-01-28 12:45:38','2021-01-28 08:45:38','',50,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2041',19,'nav_menu_item','',0),(2043,2,'2021-04-13 10:00:37','2021-04-13 06:00:37','<h2>La fête de Yugadi ou Ugadi</h2>\r\nCélébrée chaque année, la fête de <em><strong>Yugadi</strong></em> ou <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, tire son nom du sanskrit : <em>yuga = </em>ère et <em>adi = </em>début et signifie donc littéralement, le début d\'une nouvelle ère.\r\n\r\nFêtée à Maurice par le groupe ethnique <em><strong>Télugu</strong> </em>entre la mi-mars et début avril, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> est le jour où le dieu <em><strong>Brahma</strong></em>, d\'après le mythe qui s\'y rapporte, a créé l\'univers. Ce jour propice marque un changement dans l\'orbite lunaire du nouveau calendrier hindou. Les calendriers lunaires comportent un cycle de 60 ans qui commencent le jour d\'<em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em>, chaque soixantième année portant un nom unique et donc identifiable individuellement. Ce jour symbolise également le début du Printemps, <em><strong>Vasantham </strong></em>et, par conséquent, le renouveau de la nature sous tous ses aspects. Jour faste par excellence, <em><strong>Ugadi</strong></em> célèbre le renoueau de la vie sur terre et est donc célébré dans la joie, symbolisant la croissance et la prospérité.\r\n<h4>Le début des festivités</h4>\r\nAu début des festivités de <em><strong>Vasantha Navratri -</strong></em> signifiant littéralement les 9 nuits du Printemps et est relatif au culte de la déesse mère<em> <strong>Bhuvaneshwari, </strong></em>force originelle de l\'univers dont la présence est particulièrement puissante et bénéfique pendant <em>Navratri</em><em> </em>- qui durera 9 jours et s\'achèvera par <em><strong>Ramanavami, </strong></em>jour qui célèbre la naissance de Rama. De nombreux mantras sont chantés et des prédictions faites pour la future nouvelle année en ce jour d\'Ugadi, le moment clé de la célébration étant le<em><strong> Pachanga Shravanam,</strong></em> \"l\'ouïe de pachanga\", à savoir les prédictions astrologiques \"mondiales\" faites au temple, ou <strong><em>aalayam,</em></strong> par les prêtres officiants. D\'autres <em><strong>Tidhis, </strong></em>invoquant la richesse et la prospérité, sont également évoqués à la lecture du <em><strong>Pachanga </strong></em>au cours de l\'année et s\'achèvent sur des prévisions concernant les différents aspects de la vie sociale, les forces universelles ainsi que les effets des différentes constellations et leur transition.\r\n<h4>Les préparatifs et les ornements</h4>\r\nComme tout événement festif, la préparation d\'Ugadi se fait bien à l\'avance. Les maisons sont entièrement nettoyées et parfois en partie rénovées pour l\'occasion. Chacun achète des vêtements neufs dont il se parera le jour J, symbolisant ainsi le renouveau de l\'année et de toute chose. Le jour dUgadi, chacun se lève à l\'aube et commence la journée par un bain, après que le corps est était entièrement massé avec de l\'huile de sésame. Maisons, temples et autres lieux de prières sont entièrement décorés de fleurs fraîches et de feuilles de mangue ou <em><strong>toranaalu, </strong></em>symbolisant la positivité et le bien-être général souhaité pour la nouvelle année.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1706 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/28944656_10213140592681836_1098639594_o-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nParmi tous les ornements festifs, le plus célèbre est certainement les <em><strong>Muggulus, </strong></em>très représentés lors de fêtes hindoues et ornant l\'entrée principale de la maison. Véritable petite oeuvre d\'art, ils symbolisent les festivités, le bon augure et la positivité. Ils sont un incontournable de la célébration d\'Ugadi.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1704\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" /> <img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1705\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Muggulu2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" />\r\n\r\nPermettant de reprendre l\'année sur de nouvelles dispositions positives, Ugadi est le meilleur moment pour entreprendre de nouvelles intitiatives tant sur le plan personnel que professionnel. Le spirituel est au coeur de la fête, les prières, les rassemblements familiaux, les fanfares, les programmes culturels et les processions au temple étant autant de moyens d\'accéder aux bénédictions divines en raffirmissant les liens socio-culturels du groupe.\r\n<h4>Les mets</h4>\r\nEnfin, comme tout rassemblement festif, les repas sont au coeur de la fête et sont tout spécialement conçus pour l\'occasion. Néanmoins, le plus significatif reste l\'<em><strong>Ugadi Pacchadi</strong></em> constitué de six saveurs différentes, de l\'amer au doux, représentant ainsi métaphoriquement toutes les saveurs de la vie. Ce met est composé de :\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>bourgeons de neem représentant la tristesse du fait de son amertume,</li>\r\n <li>de jaggery représentant la douceur du fait de son goût sucré,</li>\r\n <li>de piment vert représentant la colère par son goût fort et chaud</li>\r\n <li>de jus de tamarin représentant le dégoût par son aigreur</li>\r\n <li>de sel représentant la peur par son goût salé,</li>\r\n <li>de mangues non mûres représentant la surprise par son acidité.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nTous les ingrédients sont moulus et mélangés afin de constituer une pâte fine dont la saveur aigre-douce rappelle à chaque dévot que la vie est une sucession et un mélange d\'événements parfois dramatiques, parfois heureux, mais que tous sont essentiels à celle-ci. Chaque participant à la célébration goûte cette pâte en méditant sur ce qu\'elle représente et sur la sagesse d\'accepter la vie pour ce qu\'elle est.\r\n\r\nBonne fête d\'Ugadi à tous les Telugus et à tous!\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nP.S. : Un grand merci à <em>Aruna R., Poudra d\'or, Hamlet</em>, pour sa disponibilité et son partage d\'informations qui ont permis l\'écriture de cet article.\r\n\r\n<em>Photos originales d\'Aruna R.</em>','Ugadi','','inherit','closed','closed','','1698-revision-v1','','','2021-04-13 10:00:37','2021-04-13 06:00:37','',1698,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/1698-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2047,2,'2021-09-10 18:57:08','2021-09-10 14:57:08','<em><strong>Ganesh, une divinité essentielle du panthéon hindou</strong></em>\r\n\r\nOutre la représentation cosmique du macrocosme et du microcosme (cf notre article ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/), Ganesh est aussi la divinité qui doit être invoquée en premier pour la réalisation des projets et est évoqué au début et à la fin de chaque prière. Il est également le dieu de la connaissance, de la sagesse, de la prospérité et de l\'éducation. Il est ainsi présent dans le foyer de chaque professeur et étudiant. Indissociable de sa monture le rat, Il représente, avec ce dernier, le lien intime qui existe entre l\'infiniment grand et l\'infiniment petit dans l\'univers.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Ganesha, symbolique particulière dans le yoga</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2052 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/GaneshYogaPose3-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nGanesh symbolise également le processus de renaissance par lequel chacun doit passer. Il s\'agit à la fois de notre naissance physique par le corps, puis, de notre naissance psychique par l\'esprit qui signifie alors la naissance de la conscience. On comprend donc son importance dans le yoga dont la pratique fait appel simultanément au corps et à l\'esprit mais, prône également l\'hamonie.\r\n\r\nMaître des canaux subtils, Ganesh est aussi celui du <em>Kundalini, </em>énergie vitale présente dans chaque être vivant et qui est la base du yoga kundalini, pratique énergétique de l\'harmonisation entre le corps et l\'esprit. En effet, la divinité est représentée par le premier chakra se trouvant à la base de la colonne vertébrale. Son invocation lors de la méditation est donc essentielle pour la libération de l\'énergie et l\'ouverture des sept chakras.\r\n\r\nInvoquer les mantras de Ganesh,lors de la pratique du yoga, est important car il nous permet de gérer le stress et nous aide à surmonter les obstacles. Dieu de la protection, les mantras de Ganesh nous protège également du mal et nous conduisent au succès. Bienveillant, Ganesh nous invite ainsi sans cesse au discernement afin de pouvoir acquérir l\'humilité et la sagesse d\'apprendre de nos échecs et erreurs, afin de pouvoir progresser tout au long de notre vie terrestre...\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Mantra de Ganesha</strong></em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Om = Le son de l’univers</li>\r\n <li>Gam = C’est le son de la puissance de Ganesh. Il représente sa « syllabe graine » ou mantra bija</li>\r\n <li>Ganapataye = C’est un autre nom donné à Ganesh, qui signifie : le briseur d’obstacles</li>\r\n <li>Namaha = Je m’incline</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2053\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ganesh-et-yoga.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"226\" height=\"223\" /></p>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Ganesha, sa symbolique dans le yoga','','publish','open','open','','ganesha-sa-symbolique-dans-le-yoga','','','2021-09-10 18:58:00','2021-09-10 14:58:00','',0,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2047',0,'post','',0),(2048,2,'2021-09-10 16:29:23','2021-09-10 12:29:23','<em><strong>Ganesh, une divinité essentielle du panthéon hindou</strong></em>\r\n\r\nOutre la représentation cosmique du macrocosme et du microcosme (cf notre article ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/), Ganesh est aussi la divinité qui doit être invoquée en premier pour la réalisation des projets et est évoqué au début et à la fin de chaque prière. Il est également le dieu de la connaissance, de la sagesse, de la prosp♪0rité et de l\'éducation. Il est ainsi présent dans le foyer de chaque professeur et étudiant. Indissociable de sa monture le rat, Il repr♪0sente, avec ce dernier, le lien intime qui existe entre l\'infiniment grand et l\'infiniment petit dans l\'univers.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Ganesha, symbolique particulière dans le yoga</strong></em>\r\n\r\nGanesh symbolise également le processus de renaissance par lequel chacun doit passer. Il s\'agit à la fois de notre naissance physique par le corps, puis, de notre naissance psychique par l\'esprit qui signifie alors la naissance de la conscience. Oncomprend donc son importance dans le yoga dont la pratique fait appel simultanément au corps et à l\'esprit et en prône l\'hamonie.\r\n\r\nMaître des canaux subtils, Ganesh est aussi celui du <em>Kundalini, </em>énergie vitale présente dans chaque être vivant et qui est la base du yoga kundalini, pratique énergétique de l\'harmonisation entre le corps et l\'esprit. En effet, la divinité est représenté par le premier chakra se trouvant à la base de la colonne vertébrale. Son invocation lors de la méditation est donc essentielle pour lla libération de l\'énergie et l\'ouverture des sept chakras.','Ganesha, sa symbolique dans le yoga','','inherit','closed','closed','','2047-revision-v1','','','2021-09-10 16:29:23','2021-09-10 12:29:23','',2047,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2047-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2049,2,'2021-09-10 16:39:45','2021-09-10 12:39:45','<em><strong>Ganesh, une divinité essentielle du panthéon hindou</strong></em>\r\n\r\nOutre la représentation cosmique du macrocosme et du microcosme (cf notre article ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/), Ganesh est aussi la divinité qui doit être invoquée en premier pour la réalisation des projets et est évoqué au début et à la fin de chaque prière. Il est également le dieu de la connaissance, de la sagesse, de la prosp♪0rité et de l\'éducation. Il est ainsi présent dans le foyer de chaque professeur et étudiant. Indissociable de sa monture le rat, Il repr♪0sente, avec ce dernier, le lien intime qui existe entre l\'infiniment grand et l\'infiniment petit dans l\'univers.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Ganesha, symbolique particulière dans le yoga</strong></em>\r\n\r\nGanesh symbolise également le processus de renaissance par lequel chacun doit passer. Il s\'agit à la fois de notre naissance physique par le corps, puis, de notre naissance psychique par l\'esprit qui signifie alors la naissance de la conscience. Oncomprend donc son importance dans le yoga dont la pratique fait appel simultanément au corps et à l\'esprit et en prône l\'hamonie.\r\n\r\nMaître des canaux subtils, Ganesh est aussi celui du <em>Kundalini, </em>énergie vitale présente dans chaque être vivant et qui est la base du yoga kundalini, pratique énergétique de l\'harmonisation entre le corps et l\'esprit. En effet, la divinité est représenté par le premier chakra se trouvant à la base de la colonne vertébrale. Son invocation lors de la méditation est donc essentielle pour la libération de l\'énergie et l\'ouverture des sept chakras.\r\n\r\nInvoquer les mantras de Ganesh lors de la pratique du yoga est important car il nous permet de gérer le stress et nous aide à surmonter les obstacles. Dieu de la protection,','Ganesha, sa symbolique dans le yoga','','inherit','closed','closed','','2047-revision-v1','','','2021-09-10 16:39:45','2021-09-10 12:39:45','',2047,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2047-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2050,2,'2021-09-10 18:46:50','2021-09-10 14:46:50','<em><strong>Ganesh, une divinité essentielle du panthéon hindou</strong></em>\r\n\r\nOutre la représentation cosmique du macrocosme et du microcosme (cf notre article ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/), Ganesh est aussi la divinité qui doit être invoquée en premier pour la réalisation des projets et est évoqué au début et à la fin de chaque prière. Il est également le dieu de la connaissance, de la sagesse, de la prosp♪0rité et de l\'éducation. Il est ainsi présent dans le foyer de chaque professeur et étudiant. Indissociable de sa monture le rat, Il repr♪0sente, avec ce dernier, le lien intime qui existe entre l\'infiniment grand et l\'infiniment petit dans l\'univers.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Ganesha, symbolique particulière dans le yoga</strong></em>\r\n\r\nGanesh symbolise également le processus de renaissance par lequel chacun doit passer. Il s\'agit à la fois de notre naissance physique par le corps, puis, de notre naissance psychique par l\'esprit qui signifie alors la naissance de la conscience. Oncomprend donc son importance dans le yoga dont la pratique fait appel simultanément au corps et à l\'esprit et en prône l\'hamonie.\r\n\r\nMaître des canaux subtils, Ganesh est aussi celui du <em>Kundalini, </em>énergie vitale présente dans chaque être vivant et qui est la base du yoga kundalini, pratique énergétique de l\'harmonisation entre le corps et l\'esprit. En effet, la divinité est représenté par le premier chakra se trouvant à la base de la colonne vertébrale. Son invocation lors de la méditation est donc essentielle pour la libération de l\'énergie et l\'ouverture des sept chakras.\r\n\r\nInvoquer les mantras de Ganesh,lors de la pratique du yoga, est important car il nous permet de gérer le stress et nous aide à surmonter les obstacles. Dieu de la protection, les mantras de Ganesh nous protège également du mal et nous conduisent au succès. Bienveillant, Ganesh nous invite ainsi sans cesse au discernement afin de pouvoir acquérir l\'humilité et la sagesse d\'apprendre de nos échecs et erreurs, afin de pouvoir progresser tout au long de notre vie terrestre.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Mantra de Ganesha</strong></em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Om = Le son de l’univers</li>\r\n <li>Gam = C’est le son de la puissance de Ganesh. Il représente sa « syllabe graine » ou mantra bija</li>\r\n <li>Ganapataye = C’est un autre nom donné à Ganesh, qui signifie : le briseur d’obstacles</li>\r\n <li>Namaha = Je m’incline</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n ','Ganesha, sa symbolique dans le yoga','','inherit','closed','closed','','2047-revision-v1','','','2021-09-10 18:46:50','2021-09-10 14:46:50','',2047,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2047-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2051,2,'2021-09-10 18:53:41','2021-09-10 14:53:41','','image-asset','','inherit','open','closed','','image-asset','','','2021-09-10 18:53:41','2021-09-10 14:53:41','',2047,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/image-asset.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2052,2,'2021-09-10 18:55:39','2021-09-10 14:55:39','','Ganesh+Yoga+Pose+3','','inherit','open','closed','','ganeshyogapose3','','','2021-09-10 18:55:39','2021-09-10 14:55:39','',2047,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/GaneshYogaPose3.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2053,2,'2021-09-10 18:56:36','2021-09-10 14:56:36','','Ganesh et yoga','','inherit','open','closed','','ganesh-et-yoga','','','2021-09-10 18:56:36','2021-09-10 14:56:36','',2047,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ganesh-et-yoga.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2054,2,'2021-09-10 18:57:08','2021-09-10 14:57:08','<em><strong>Ganesh, une divinité essentielle du panthéon hindou</strong></em>\r\n\r\nOutre la représentation cosmique du macrocosme et du microcosme (cf notre article ethnikamauricia.com/ganesh-chaturti/), Ganesh est aussi la divinité qui doit être invoquée en premier pour la réalisation des projets et est évoqué au début et à la fin de chaque prière. Il est également le dieu de la connaissance, de la sagesse, de la prospérité et de l\'éducation. Il est ainsi présent dans le foyer de chaque professeur et étudiant. Indissociable de sa monture le rat, Il représente, avec ce dernier, le lien intime qui existe entre l\'infiniment grand et l\'infiniment petit dans l\'univers.\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Ganesha, symbolique particulière dans le yoga</strong></em>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2052 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/GaneshYogaPose3-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\" />\r\n\r\nGanesh symbolise également le processus de renaissance par lequel chacun doit passer. Il s\'agit à la fois de notre naissance physique par le corps, puis, de notre naissance psychique par l\'esprit qui signifie alors la naissance de la conscience. On comprend donc son importance dans le yoga dont la pratique fait appel simultanément au corps et à l\'esprit mais, prône également l\'hamonie.\r\n\r\nMaître des canaux subtils, Ganesh est aussi celui du <em>Kundalini, </em>énergie vitale présente dans chaque être vivant et qui est la base du yoga kundalini, pratique énergétique de l\'harmonisation entre le corps et l\'esprit. En effet, la divinité est représentée par le premier chakra se trouvant à la base de la colonne vertébrale. Son invocation lors de la méditation est donc essentielle pour la libération de l\'énergie et l\'ouverture des sept chakras.\r\n\r\nInvoquer les mantras de Ganesh,lors de la pratique du yoga, est important car il nous permet de gérer le stress et nous aide à surmonter les obstacles. Dieu de la protection, les mantras de Ganesh nous protège également du mal et nous conduisent au succès. Bienveillant, Ganesh nous invite ainsi sans cesse au discernement afin de pouvoir acquérir l\'humilité et la sagesse d\'apprendre de nos échecs et erreurs, afin de pouvoir progresser tout au long de notre vie terrestre...\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Mantra de Ganesha</strong></em>\r\n<ul>\r\n <li>Om = Le son de l’univers</li>\r\n <li>Gam = C’est le son de la puissance de Ganesh. Il représente sa « syllabe graine » ou mantra bija</li>\r\n <li>Ganapataye = C’est un autre nom donné à Ganesh, qui signifie : le briseur d’obstacles</li>\r\n <li>Namaha = Je m’incline</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2053\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Ganesh-et-yoga.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"226\" height=\"223\" /></p>\r\n \r\n\r\n ','Ganesha, sa symbolique dans le yoga','','inherit','closed','closed','','2047-revision-v1','','','2021-09-10 18:57:08','2021-09-10 14:57:08','',2047,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/2047-revision-v1/',0,'revision','',0),(2059,2,'2022-10-24 07:01:03','2022-10-24 03:01:03','{\"version\": 2, \"isGlobalStylesUserThemeJSON\": true }','Custom Styles','','publish','closed','closed','','wp-global-styles-soledad','','','2022-10-24 07:01:03','2022-10-24 03:01:03','',0,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-global-styles-soledad/',0,'wp_global_styles','',0),(2060,2,'2022-10-24 07:48:34','2022-10-24 03:48:34',' \n\n<em><strong>Divali, la naissance d\'un mythe</strong></em>\n\n<em>Deepavali </em>ou, dans sa forme contractée<em>, Divali, </em>signifiant littéralement en sanscrit \"rangée de lampes\", est une fête très importante dans le calendrier hindou. Cette fête est à relier à celle de <em>Dussehra,</em> qui a lieu 20 jours auparavant et qui célèbre la victoire du dieu Rama sur le démon Ravana, alors roi du Sri Lanka, qui enleva et séquestra Sita, l\'épouse de Rama, tel que le relate la fresque épique du <em>Ramayana</em>. Afin de délivrer sa bien-aimée, Rama fit appel à ses alliés du peuple singe et particulièrement à son ministre, le dieu Hanuman. Victorieux et enfin libres, Rama et Sita purent enfin, au bout de 14 ans d\'exil, retourner dans leur royaume d\'<em>Ayodhya</em> (d\'où Rama avait été chassé par son père et sa belle-mère)<em> </em>où une multitude de lampes à l\'huile, ou <em>diya, </em>furent allumées, par les habitants des diffférentes contrées qu\'ils traversèrent, afin de célébrer leur retour*.\n\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1857 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rama-sita-Hanuman-231x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"300\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Rama, Sita, Hanuman et Lakshamana (demi-frère de Rama)</em></p>\n <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1858\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/800px-Diwali_Diya-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"200\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1859\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Divali-India-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"195\">\n\nLampe à l\'huile ou <em>Diya </em>Célébration <em>Divali</em> au bord du Grange en Inde.\n\n \n\n<em><strong>Divali ou la victoire de la lumière sur les ténèbres</strong></em>\n\nC\'est ainsi que naquit la fête de Divali, célébrant cette victoire de Rama sur le mal, de la lumière sur les ténèbres et, par extension, de la connaissance et la vérité sur l\'ignorance et le mensonge. La signification de cette célébration se retrouvent aussi chez les <em>Sikhs </em>et les <em>Jaïns</em>, dont les références historiques sont toutefois différentes.\n\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-1861 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Fête-Divali-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\">\n\n<em><strong>Célébration de Divali à Maurice</strong></em>\n\nÀ Maurice, la célébration de <em>Divali</em>, fêtée par toute la communauté hindoue, fait suite à des longues semaines de préparation où chacun s\'affaire à nettoyer chaque recoin de sa demeure, s\'achète de nouveaux vêtements pour l\'occasion et organise les <em>pujas</em> (prières de 5 jours), notammment celle du 3ème jour, prière pour Ganesh et Lakshmi, cettte dernière étant censée, d\'après certaines croyances populaires, visiter elle-même les habitations en ce jour particulier qui lui est dédié, attirant ainsi prospérité sur l\'ensemble de la maisonnée. La réalisation de <em>Rangolis </em>- décorations réalisées à base de farine de riz coloré - sont un signe visible d\'invitation pour la déesse et de ses bénédictions, écartant les mauvais esprits, mais aussi pour tout visiteur à qui on offrira hospitalité et friandises. En effet, plusieurs gâteaux indiens sont préparés pour l\'occasion,tels que les <em>ladoos</em> ou <em>Gulab jamun</em> et offerts pour le plus grand bonheur des gourmands!\n\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1862\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Rangoli-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1863\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Gulab-jamun.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"348\" height=\"218\">\n\n<em> Rangoli </em>illuminé par les lampes <em>Gulab jamun indiens</em>\n\nA travers tout l\'île, les villes et villages se parent de lumières et brillent de mille feux, chacun rivalisant d\'astuces pour illuminer sa maison - les lumières électriques de diverses formes et couleur venant compléter les lampes à huile de terre cuite traditionnellement utilisées - et accueillir les visiteurs, offrant un spectacle grandiose et unique, laissant le spectateur ébahi par tant de beauté, retrouvant, l\'espace d\'un instant, la magie de ses rêves d\'enfant...\n\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1864\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Maison-triolet.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"177\"> <img class=\"alignnone wp-image-1866\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/divali-a-l-ile-maurice-2-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"173\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Habitations Triolet, Mauritius</p>\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1867 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/France-2015-021-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n*Ce mythe est relativement \"récent\" dans l\'histoire de l\'hindouisme. Rama étant l\'avatar du dieu <em>Vishnu</em> et sa femme <em>Sita</em>, celui de la déesse <em>Lakshmi, </em>qui sont, par transposition, issus des anciennes divinités aryennes trimurtiques : <em>Agni </em>(le feu), Vayu (le vent) et Surya (le soleil).','Divali ou la victoire de la lumière...','','inherit','closed','closed','','1856-revision-v1','','','2022-10-24 07:48:34','2022-10-24 03:48:34','',1856,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2060',0,'revision','',0),(2062,2,'2022-12-24 15:40:06','2022-12-24 11:40:06','<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Les fêtes de fin d\'année approchent à grands pas! L\'occasion, pour nous, de revenir plus en détails sur l\'ensemble des rites festifs qui accompagnent ce moment de retrouvailles familiales et de célébrations religieuses qu\'est la fête de Noël.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Origine étymologique de Noël</strong></em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\'origine étymologique du mot \"Noël\" est complexe, cependant il regroupe un ensemble de significations communes à différentes langues européennes, notamment latines. En effet, dans les langues romanes, <em>Noël </em>est un terme qui partage une origine commune, comme <em>natale </em>en italien, <em>natal </em>en portugais ou encore<em> nadal</em> en catalan, que l\'on retrouve également dans les langues celtiques avec l\'adjectif latin <em>natalis</em> et dont le sens équivalent est relatif à la naissance. D\'abord associé au mot latin <em>dies, </em>pour donner littéralement \"jour de naissance\": <em>natalis dies, </em>le terme subira plusieurs modifications phonétiques pour aboutir à celui que nous connaissons actuellement comme <em>Noël.</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Croyances païennes et chrétiennes</strong></em> <strong><em>à l\'origine de la célébration de Noël</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>La période hivernale, en Europe, est l\'occasion de célébrer différents évènements liés à la \"mort\" et à la \"résurrection\" de la nature, comme le solstice d\'hiver. Longtemps considéré comme une divinité à laquelle on rendait hommage, le soleil est particulièrement mis à l\'honneur pendant cette période, notamment chez les Romains, En effet, l\'empereur romain Aurélien, en 274, fixe au 25 décembre la célébration du <em>dies natalis solis invicti, </em>à savoir jour de la naissance du soleil invaincu, au lendemain des fêtes traditionnelles des <em>Saturnales. </em>Ce n\'est qu\'en 336 que l\'on trouve mention d\'une première célébration chrétienne à Rome, le 25 décembre, l\'Eglise chrétienne ne s\'étant guère préoccupée de fêter la date de naissance du Christ jusqu\'alors, date qu\'elle ignorait d\'ailleurs. Il est fort probable que le 25 décembre soit devenu, progressivement, la date retenue, même si non avérée, pour célébrer la nativité afin de faciliter la diffusion du culte chrétien, auprès des populations, grâce à une date calendaire largement festive dans l\'Europe des premiers siècles après J-C. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Du passage des rites religieux aux rites profanes</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>De l\'Antiquité au Moyen-Age, le mois de décembre donne lieu à de multiples célébrations qui s\'accompagnent d\'ornement végétal sur les édifices, de dons et échanges de cadeaux, notamment ceux faits aux enfants, mais aussi l\'occasion de festins et de fraternisations entre maîtres et esclaves mais aussi entre riches et pauvres. Un moment privilégié où sont suspendues les rivalités, les conflits d\'intérêts et les inégalités sociales. Bien que non chrétiennes, ces célébrations païennes sont considérées comme sacrées et s\'accompagnent de pratiques fortement ritualisées. C\'est donc tout naturellement que la fête chrétienne de la nativité se substitue à ces célébrations, mettant en avant les mêmes principes du don et de la fraternisation . Dieu n\'a-t-il pas fait le don ultime en offrant la vie de son fils en sacrifice pour sauver l\'humanité?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2070,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/noel-galerie-lafayette-e1545318063681.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2070\"/><figcaption>Galeries Lafayette illuminées, Paris.</figcaption></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ce n\'est véritablement que lors de la seconde moitié du XX<sup>ème </sup> siècle que Noël quitte progressivement la sphère exclusivement religieuse pour s\'ancrer dans la vie profane, en développant notamment son aspect commercial. Tout est alors propice à la consommation voire à la surconsommation. Il faut dire que l\'enjeu est de taille : une preparation d\'un an pour les vitrines des grands magasins avec 100 000 spectateurs attendus pour le <em>Printemps</em> et 250 000 pour les <em>Galeries Lafayette</em> à Paris! Le père Noël lui-même participe à cette surenchère avec les \"acteurs\" embauchés pour l\'occasion avec lesquels les enfants peuvent être photographier, la création de sites et autres groupes spécialisés pour recevoir les listes des cadeaux envoyées au Père Noël, enfin, la création du <em>Santa Claus village</em> en 1991, en Laponie, et qui attire des milliers de visiteurs venus du monde entier chaque année.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2069,\"width\":420,\"height\":120,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/photos-noel.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2069\" width=\"420\" height=\"120\"/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Au coeur de la célébration de Noël, le paradigme du don</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Noël n\'est cependant pas que l\'occasion d\'une célébration religieuse ou purement commerciale car, au coeur de cette fête, c\'est avant tout le don et ainsi, le lien social qui sont célébrés. Comme l\'affirmait le père de l\'anthropologie Marcel Mauss, en parlant de ceux qui élèbrent Noël : \" ce qu\'ils échangent, ce n’est pas exclusivement des biens et des richesses, des meubles et des immeubles, des choses utiles économiquement. Ce sont avant tout des politesses, des festins, des rites, des services militaires, des femmes, des enfants, des danses, des fêtes, des foires dont le marché n’est qu’un des moments et où la circulation des richesses n’est plus qu’un des termes d’un contrat beaucoup plus général et beaucoup plus permanent.» (Mauss, 1950).</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>En effet, la base même de ces échanges est ce qui tisse toutes les relations sociales, à savoir la mécanique du don/contre-don. On donne, on reçoit, on rend. Voilà ce que nous échangeons un Noël et le don, le cadeau et sa valeur symbolique et marchande, sont le reflet de notre lien avec l\'autre. Qui est-il pour nous? Que ressent-on nous pour lui? Que sommes-nous prêts à lui \"sacrifier\" pécunièrement en fonction de l\'affection que nous lui portons? Est-ce un don \"obligatoire\", c\'est-à-dire celui qu\'impose une relation familiale, professionnelle ou est-ce un don \"du coeur\", que nous faisons sans obligation mais que nous voulons porteur de l\'amour, le respect ou encore l\'estime que nous portons à la personne qui va le recevoir, et par lequel nous voulons signifier la relation que nous avons ou aimerions avoir avec cette personne?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2071,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/317459_vitrines-de-noel-des-grands-magasins.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2071\"/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Enfin Noël c\'est et cela reste surtout la fête familiale par excellence. Celle où on reçoit et où rivalise d\'ingéniosité pour satisfaire ses convives, car c\'est avant tout un moment privilégié de retrouvailles mais aussi l\'occasion de festoyer autour d\'une table bien garnie. Une mise en scène rituelle où chaque convive et chaque aliment a son rôle à jouer. C\'est aussi la perspective de l\'attente et la surprise : que va-t-on nous servir cette année? Mais également l\'occasion de savoir qui est présent ou qui sera nouvellement accueilli dans le \"clan\". En effet, Noël est la reunion de la famille biologique mais aussi celle du \"coeur\", celle que l\'on a choisie, les individus que l\'on décide de convier lors de cet événement symbolique si particulier. Et, ne l\'oublions pas, Noël c\'est aussi la magie, celle de notre enfance, celle de nos rêves où tout est possible et où tout n\'est qu\'émerveillement, joie et espoir. C\'est peut-être cela le plus grand cadeau que nous fait Noël...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2072,\"width\":266,\"height\":190,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/decos.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2072\" width=\"266\" height=\"190\"/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2073,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/images.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2073\"/><figcaption>La bûche traditionnelle de Noël</figcaption></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->','Noël, une fête entre sacré et profane','','publish','open','open','','noel-une-fete-entre-sacre-et-profane','','','2023-11-25 12:20:17','2023-11-25 08:20:17','',0,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2062',0,'post','',0),(2063,2,'2022-12-17 12:36:35','2022-12-17 08:36:35','<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Les fêtes de fin d\'année approchent à grands pas! L\'occasion, pour nous, de revenir plus en détails sur l\'ensemble des rites festifs qui accompagnent ce moment de retrouvailles familiales et de célébrations religieuses qu\'est la fête de Noël.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Origine étymologique de Noël</strong></em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\'origine étymologique du mot \"Noël\" est complexe, cependant il regroupe un ensemble de significations communes à différentes langues européennes, notamment latines. En effet, dans les langues romanes, partagent une origine commune, comme <em>natale </em>en italien, <em>natal </em>en portugais ou encore<em> nadal</em> en catalan, que l\'on retrouve également dans les langues celtiques avec l\'adjectif latin <em>natalis</em> et dont le sens équivalent est relatif à la naissance. D\'abord associé au mot latin <em>dies, </em>pour donner littéralement \"jour de naissance\": <em>natalis dies, </em>le terme subira plusieurs modifications phonétique pour aboutir à celui que nous connaissons actuellement comme <em>Noël.</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Croyances païennes et chrétiennes</strong></em> <strong><em>des origines de la célébration de Noël</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>La période hivernale, en Europe, est l\'occasion de célébrer différents évènements liés à la \"mort\" et à la \"résurrection\" de la nature, comme le solstice d\'hiver. Longtemps considéré comme une divinité à laquelle on rendait hommage, le soleil est particulièrement mis à l\'honneur pendant cette période, notamment chez les Romains, En effet, l\'empire romain Aurélien, en 274, fixe au 25 décembre, la célébration du <em>dies natalis solis invicti, </em>à savoir jour de la naissance du soleil invaincu, au lendemain des fêtes traditionnelles des <em>Saturnales. </em>Ce n\'est qu\'en 336 que l\'on trouve mention d\'une première célébration chrétienne à Rome, le 25 décembre, l\'Eglise chrétienne ne s\'étant guère préoccupée de fêter la date de naissance du Christ, qu\'elle ignorait d\'ailleurs. Il est fort probable que le 25 décembre soit devenu, progressivement, la date retenue, même si non avérée, pour célébrer la nativité afin de faciliter la diffusion du culte chrétien, auprès des populations, grâce à une date calendaire largement festive dans l\'Europe des premiers siècles après J-C. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Du passage des rites religieux aux rites profanes</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>De l\'Antiquité au Moyen-Age, le mois de décembre donne lieu à de multiples célébrations qui s\'accompagnent d\'ornement végétal sur les édifices, de dons et échanges de cadeaux, notamment ceux faits aux enfants, mais aussi l\'occasion de festins et de fraternisations entre maîtres et esclaves mais aussi riches et pauvres. Un moment privilégié ou sont suspendues les rivalités, les conflits d\'intérêts et les inégalités sociales. Bien que non chrétiennes, ces célébrations païennes sont considérées comme sacrées et s\'accompagnent de pratiques fortement ritualisées. C\'est donc tout naturellement que la fête chrétienne de la nativité se substitue à ces célébrations, mettant en avant les mêmes principes du don et de la fraternisation . Dieu n\'a-t-il pas fait le don ultime en offrant la vie de son fils en sacrifice pour sauver l\'humanité?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ce n\'est véritablement que lors de la seconde moitié du XX<sup>ème </sup> siècle que Noël qui tte progressivement la sphère exclusivement religieuse pour s\'ancrer dans la vie profane, en développant notamment son aspect commercial. Tout est alors propice à la consommation voire à la surconsommation. Il faut dire que l\'enjeu est de taille : une preparation d\'un an pour les vitrines des grands magasins avec 100 000 spectateurs attendus pour le Printemps et 250 000 pour les galeries Lafayette! Le père Noël lui-même participe à cette surenchère avec les \"acteurs\" embauchés pour l\'occasion avec lesquels les enfants peuvent être photographier, la création de sites et autres groupes spécialisés pour recevoir la liste des cadeaux envoyées au Père Noël, enfin, la création du <em>Santa Claus village</em> en 1991, en Laponie, et qui attire des millier de visiteurs venus du monde entier chaque année.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Au coeur de la célébration de Noël, le paradigme du don</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Noël n\'est cependant pas que l\'occasion d\'une célébration religieuse ou purement commerciale car, au coeur de cette fête, c\'est avant tout le don et ainsi, le lien social qui sont célébrés. Comme l\'affirmait le père de l\'anthropologie Marcel Mauss \" ce qu\'ils échangent, ce n’est pas exclusivement des biens et des richesses, des meubles et des immeubles, des choses utiles économiquement. Ce sont avant tout des politesses, des festins, des rites, des services militaires, des femmes, des enfants, des danses, des fêtes, des foires dont le marché n’est qu’un des moments et où la circulation des richesses n’est plus qu’un des termes d’un contrat beaucoup plus général et beaucoup plus permanent.» (Mauss, 1950).</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>En effet, la base même de ces échanges est ce qui tisse toutes les relations sociales, à savoir la mécanique du don/contre-don. On donne, on reçoit, on rend. Voilà ce que nous échangeons un Noël et le don, le cadeau et sa valeur symbolique et marchande, sont le reflet de notre lien avec l\'autre. Qui est-il pour nous? Que ressent-on nous pour lui? Que sommes-nous prêts à lui \"sacrifier\" pécunièrement en fonction de l\'affection que nous lui portons? Est-ce un don \"obligatoire\", c\'est-à-dire celui qu\'impose une relation familiale, professionnelle ou est-ce un don \"du coeur\", que nous faisons sans obligation mais que nous voulons porteur de l\'amour, le respect ou encore l\'estime que nous portons à la personne qui va le recevoir, et par lequel nous voulons signifier la relation que nous avons ou aimerions avoir avec cette personne.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Enfin Noël c\'est et cela reste surtout la fête familiale par excellence. Celle où on reçoit et où rivalise d\'ingéniosité pour satisfaire ses convives, car c\'est avant tout un moment privilégié de retrouvailles mais aussi l\'occasion de festoyer autour d\'une table bien garnie. Une mise en scène rituelle où chaque convive et chaque aliment a son rôle à jouer. C\'est aussi la perspective de l\'attente et la surprise : que va-t-on nous servir cette année? Mais aussi l\'occasion de savoir qui est présent ou qui sera nouvellement accueilli dans le \"clan\". Car Noël c\'est la reunion de la famille biologique mais aussi celle du \"coeur\", celle que l\'on a choisie, les individus que l\'on décide de convier lors de cet événement symbolique si particulier. Et, ne l\'oublions pas, Noël c\'est aussi la magie, celle de notre enfance, celle de nos rêves où tout est possible et où tout n\'est qu\'émerveillement, joie et espoir. C\'est peut-être cela le plus grand cadeau que nous fait Noël...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','Noël, une fête entre sacré et profane','','inherit','closed','closed','','2062-revision-v1','','','2022-12-17 12:36:35','2022-12-17 08:36:35','',2062,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2063',0,'revision','',0),(2064,2,'2022-12-24 15:14:04','2022-12-24 11:14:04','','marche-noel-strasbourg-france','','inherit','open','closed','','marche-noel-strasbourg-france','','','2022-12-24 15:14:04','2022-12-24 11:14:04','',2062,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/marche-noel-strasbourg-france.webp',0,'attachment','image/webp',0),(2066,2,'2022-12-24 15:15:24','2022-12-24 11:15:24','','marche-noel-strasbourg-france','','inherit','open','closed','','marche-noel-strasbourg-france-2','','','2022-12-24 15:15:24','2022-12-24 11:15:24','',2062,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/marche-noel-strasbourg-france.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2067,2,'2022-12-24 15:20:49','2022-12-24 11:20:49','<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Les fêtes de fin d\'année approchent à grands pas! L\'occasion, pour nous, de revenir plus en détails sur l\'ensemble des rites festifs qui accompagnent ce moment de retrouvailles familiales et de célébrations religieuses qu\'est la fête de Noël.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Origine étymologique de Noël</strong></em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\'origine étymologique du mot \"Noël\" est complexe, cependant il regroupe un ensemble de significations communes à différentes langues européennes, notamment latines. En effet, dans les langues romanes, <em>Noël </em>est un terme qui partage une origine commune, comme <em>natale </em>en italien, <em>natal </em>en portugais ou encore<em> nadal</em> en catalan, que l\'on retrouve également dans les langues celtiques avec l\'adjectif latin <em>natalis</em> et dont le sens équivalent est relatif à la naissance. D\'abord associé au mot latin <em>dies, </em>pour donner littéralement \"jour de naissance\": <em>natalis dies, </em>le terme subira plusieurs modifications phonétiques pour aboutir à celui que nous connaissons actuellement comme <em>Noël.</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Croyances païennes et chrétiennes</strong></em> <strong><em>à l\'origine de la célébration de Noël</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>La période hivernale, en Europe, est l\'occasion de célébrer différents évènements liés à la \"mort\" et à la \"résurrection\" de la nature, comme le solstice d\'hiver. Longtemps considéré comme une divinité à laquelle on rendait hommage, le soleil est particulièrement mis à l\'honneur pendant cette période, notamment chez les Romains, En effet, l\'empereur romain Aurélien, en 274, fixe au 25 décembre la célébration du <em>dies natalis solis invicti, </em>à savoir jour de la naissance du soleil invaincu, au lendemain des fêtes traditionnelles des <em>Saturnales. </em>Ce n\'est qu\'en 336 que l\'on trouve mention d\'une première célébration chrétienne à Rome, le 25 décembre, l\'Eglise chrétienne ne s\'étant guère préoccupée de fêter la date de naissance du Christ jusqu\'alors, date qu\'elle ignorait d\'ailleurs. Il est fort probable que le 25 décembre soit devenu, progressivement, la date retenue, même si non avérée, pour célébrer la nativité afin de faciliter la diffusion du culte chrétien, auprès des populations, grâce à une date calendaire largement festive dans l\'Europe des premiers siècles après J-C. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Du passage des rites religieux aux rites profanes</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>De l\'Antiquité au Moyen-Age, le mois de décembre donne lieu à de multiples célébrations qui s\'accompagnent d\'ornement végétal sur les édifices, de dons et échanges de cadeaux, notamment ceux faits aux enfants, mais aussi l\'occasion de festins et de fraternisations entre maîtres et esclaves mais aussi riches et pauvres. Un moment privilégié ou sont suspendues les rivalités, les conflits d\'intérêts et les inégalités sociales. Bien que non chrétiennes, ces célébrations païennes sont considérées comme sacrées et s\'accompagnent de pratiques fortement ritualisées. C\'est donc tout naturellement que la fête chrétienne de la nativité se substitue à ces célébrations, mettant en avant les mêmes principes du don et de la fraternisation . Dieu n\'a-t-il pas fait le don ultime en offrant la vie de son fils en sacrifice pour sauver l\'humanité?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ce n\'est véritablement que lors de la seconde moitié du XX<sup>ème </sup> siècle que Noël qui tte progressivement la sphère exclusivement religieuse pour s\'ancrer dans la vie profane, en développant notamment son aspect commercial. Tout est alors propice à la consommation voire à la surconsommation. Il faut dire que l\'enjeu est de taille : une preparation d\'un an pour les vitrines des grands magasins avec 100 000 spectateurs attendus pour le Printemps et 250 000 pour les galeries Lafayette! Le père Noël lui-même participe à cette surenchère avec les \"acteurs\" embauchés pour l\'occasion avec lesquels les enfants peuvent être photographier, la création de sites et autres groupes spécialisés pour recevoir la liste des cadeaux envoyées au Père Noël, enfin, la création du <em>Santa Claus village</em> en 1991, en Laponie, et qui attire des millier de visiteurs venus du monde entier chaque année.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Au coeur de la célébration de Noël, le paradigme du don</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Noël n\'est cependant pas que l\'occasion d\'une célébration religieuse ou purement commerciale car, au coeur de cette fête, c\'est avant tout le don et ainsi, le lien social qui sont célébrés. Comme l\'affirmait le père de l\'anthropologie Marcel Mauss \" ce qu\'ils échangent, ce n’est pas exclusivement des biens et des richesses, des meubles et des immeubles, des choses utiles économiquement. Ce sont avant tout des politesses, des festins, des rites, des services militaires, des femmes, des enfants, des danses, des fêtes, des foires dont le marché n’est qu’un des moments et où la circulation des richesses n’est plus qu’un des termes d’un contrat beaucoup plus général et beaucoup plus permanent.» (Mauss, 1950).</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>En effet, la base même de ces échanges est ce qui tisse toutes les relations sociales, à savoir la mécanique du don/contre-don. On donne, on reçoit, on rend. Voilà ce que nous échangeons un Noël et le don, le cadeau et sa valeur symbolique et marchande, sont le reflet de notre lien avec l\'autre. Qui est-il pour nous? Que ressent-on nous pour lui? Que sommes-nous prêts à lui \"sacrifier\" pécunièrement en fonction de l\'affection que nous lui portons? Est-ce un don \"obligatoire\", c\'est-à-dire celui qu\'impose une relation familiale, professionnelle ou est-ce un don \"du coeur\", que nous faisons sans obligation mais que nous voulons porteur de l\'amour, le respect ou encore l\'estime que nous portons à la personne qui va le recevoir, et par lequel nous voulons signifier la relation que nous avons ou aimerions avoir avec cette personne.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Enfin Noël c\'est et cela reste surtout la fête familiale par excellence. Celle où on reçoit et où rivalise d\'ingéniosité pour satisfaire ses convives, car c\'est avant tout un moment privilégié de retrouvailles mais aussi l\'occasion de festoyer autour d\'une table bien garnie. Une mise en scène rituelle où chaque convive et chaque aliment a son rôle à jouer. C\'est aussi la perspective de l\'attente et la surprise : que va-t-on nous servir cette année? Mais aussi l\'occasion de savoir qui est présent ou qui sera nouvellement accueilli dans le \"clan\". Car Noël c\'est la reunion de la famille biologique mais aussi celle du \"coeur\", celle que l\'on a choisie, les individus que l\'on décide de convier lors de cet événement symbolique si particulier. Et, ne l\'oublions pas, Noël c\'est aussi la magie, celle de notre enfance, celle de nos rêves où tout est possible et où tout n\'est qu\'émerveillement, joie et espoir. C\'est peut-être cela le plus grand cadeau que nous fait Noël...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','Noël, une fête entre sacré et profane','','inherit','closed','closed','','2062-revision-v1','','','2022-12-24 15:20:49','2022-12-24 11:20:49','',2062,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2067',0,'revision','',0),(2068,2,'2022-12-24 15:29:02','2022-12-24 11:29:02','<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Les fêtes de fin d\'année approchent à grands pas! L\'occasion, pour nous, de revenir plus en détails sur l\'ensemble des rites festifs qui accompagnent ce moment de retrouvailles familiales et de célébrations religieuses qu\'est la fête de Noël.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Origine étymologique de Noël</strong></em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\'origine étymologique du mot \"Noël\" est complexe, cependant il regroupe un ensemble de significations communes à différentes langues européennes, notamment latines. En effet, dans les langues romanes, <em>Noël </em>est un terme qui partage une origine commune, comme <em>natale </em>en italien, <em>natal </em>en portugais ou encore<em> nadal</em> en catalan, que l\'on retrouve également dans les langues celtiques avec l\'adjectif latin <em>natalis</em> et dont le sens équivalent est relatif à la naissance. D\'abord associé au mot latin <em>dies, </em>pour donner littéralement \"jour de naissance\": <em>natalis dies, </em>le terme subira plusieurs modifications phonétiques pour aboutir à celui que nous connaissons actuellement comme <em>Noël.</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Croyances païennes et chrétiennes</strong></em> <strong><em>à l\'origine de la célébration de Noël</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>La période hivernale, en Europe, est l\'occasion de célébrer différents évènements liés à la \"mort\" et à la \"résurrection\" de la nature, comme le solstice d\'hiver. Longtemps considéré comme une divinité à laquelle on rendait hommage, le soleil est particulièrement mis à l\'honneur pendant cette période, notamment chez les Romains, En effet, l\'empereur romain Aurélien, en 274, fixe au 25 décembre la célébration du <em>dies natalis solis invicti, </em>à savoir jour de la naissance du soleil invaincu, au lendemain des fêtes traditionnelles des <em>Saturnales. </em>Ce n\'est qu\'en 336 que l\'on trouve mention d\'une première célébration chrétienne à Rome, le 25 décembre, l\'Eglise chrétienne ne s\'étant guère préoccupée de fêter la date de naissance du Christ jusqu\'alors, date qu\'elle ignorait d\'ailleurs. Il est fort probable que le 25 décembre soit devenu, progressivement, la date retenue, même si non avérée, pour célébrer la nativité afin de faciliter la diffusion du culte chrétien, auprès des populations, grâce à une date calendaire largement festive dans l\'Europe des premiers siècles après J-C. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Du passage des rites religieux aux rites profanes</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>De l\'Antiquité au Moyen-Age, le mois de décembre donne lieu à de multiples célébrations qui s\'accompagnent d\'ornement végétal sur les édifices, de dons et échanges de cadeaux, notamment ceux faits aux enfants, mais aussi l\'occasion de festins et de fraternisations entre maîtres et esclaves mais aussi entre riches et pauvres. Un moment privilégié où sont suspendues les rivalités, les conflits d\'intérêts et les inégalités sociales. Bien que non chrétiennes, ces célébrations païennes sont considérées comme sacrées et s\'accompagnent de pratiques fortement ritualisées. C\'est donc tout naturellement que la fête chrétienne de la nativité se substitue à ces célébrations, mettant en avant les mêmes principes du don et de la fraternisation . Dieu n\'a-t-il pas fait le don ultime en offrant la vie de son fils en sacrifice pour sauver l\'humanité?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ce n\'est véritablement que lors de la seconde moitié du XX<sup>ème </sup> siècle que Noël quitte progressivement la sphère exclusivement religieuse pour s\'ancrer dans la vie profane, en développant notamment son aspect commercial. Tout est alors propice à la consommation voire à la surconsommation. Il faut dire que l\'enjeu est de taille : une preparation d\'un an pour les vitrines des grands magasins avec 100 000 spectateurs attendus pour le <em>Printemps</em> et 250 000 pour les <em>Galeries Lafayette</em> à Paris! Le père Noël lui-même participe à cette surenchère avec les \"acteurs\" embauchés pour l\'occasion avec lesquels les enfants peuvent être photographier, la création de sites et autres groupes spécialisés pour recevoir les listes des cadeaux envoyées au Père Noël, enfin, la création du <em>Santa Claus village</em> en 1991, en Laponie, et qui attire des milliers de visiteurs venus du monde entier chaque année.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Au coeur de la célébration de Noël, le paradigme du don</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Noël n\'est cependant pas que l\'occasion d\'une célébration religieuse ou purement commerciale car, au coeur de cette fête, c\'est avant tout le don et ainsi, le lien social qui sont célébrés. Comme l\'affirmait le père de l\'anthropologie Marcel Mauss, en parlant de ceux qui élèbrent Noël : \" ce qu\'ils échangent, ce n’est pas exclusivement des biens et des richesses, des meubles et des immeubles, des choses utiles économiquement. Ce sont avant tout des politesses, des festins, des rites, des services militaires, des femmes, des enfants, des danses, des fêtes, des foires dont le marché n’est qu’un des moments et où la circulation des richesses n’est plus qu’un des termes d’un contrat beaucoup plus général et beaucoup plus permanent.» (Mauss, 1950).</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>En effet, la base même de ces échanges est ce qui tisse toutes les relations sociales, à savoir la mécanique du don/contre-don. On donne, on reçoit, on rend. Voilà ce que nous échangeons un Noël et le don, le cadeau et sa valeur symbolique et marchande, sont le reflet de notre lien avec l\'autre. Qui est-il pour nous? Que ressent-on nous pour lui? Que sommes-nous prêts à lui \"sacrifier\" pécunièrement en fonction de l\'affection que nous lui portons? Est-ce un don \"obligatoire\", c\'est-à-dire celui qu\'impose une relation familiale, professionnelle ou est-ce un don \"du coeur\", que nous faisons sans obligation mais que nous voulons porteur de l\'amour, le respect ou encore l\'estime que nous portons à la personne qui va le recevoir, et par lequel nous voulons signifier la relation que nous avons ou aimerions avoir avec cette personne?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Enfin Noël c\'est et cela reste surtout la fête familiale par excellence. Celle où on reçoit et où rivalise d\'ingéniosité pour satisfaire ses convives, car c\'est avant tout un moment privilégié de retrouvailles mais aussi l\'occasion de festoyer autour d\'une table bien garnie. Une mise en scène rituelle où chaque convive et chaque aliment a son rôle à jouer. C\'est aussi la perspective de l\'attente et la surprise : que va-t-on nous servir cette année? Mais également l\'occasion de savoir qui est présent ou qui sera nouvellement accueilli dans le \"clan\". En effet, Noël est la reunion de la famille biologique mais aussi celle du \"coeur\", celle que l\'on a choisie, les individus que l\'on décide de convier lors de cet événement symbolique si particulier. Et, ne l\'oublions pas, Noël c\'est aussi la magie, celle de notre enfance, celle de nos rêves où tout est possible et où tout n\'est qu\'émerveillement, joie et espoir. C\'est peut-être cela le plus grand cadeau que nous fait Noël...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','Noël, une fête entre sacré et profane','','inherit','closed','closed','','2062-revision-v1','','','2022-12-24 15:29:02','2022-12-24 11:29:02','',2062,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2068',0,'revision','',0),(2069,2,'2022-12-24 15:36:35','2022-12-24 11:36:35','','photos noël','','inherit','open','closed','','photos-noel','','','2022-12-24 15:36:35','2022-12-24 11:36:35','',2062,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/photos-noel.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2070,2,'2022-12-24 15:37:18','2022-12-24 11:37:18','','noel-galerie-lafayette-e1545318063681','','inherit','open','closed','','noel-galerie-lafayette-e1545318063681','','','2022-12-24 15:37:18','2022-12-24 11:37:18','',2062,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/noel-galerie-lafayette-e1545318063681.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2071,2,'2022-12-24 15:38:28','2022-12-24 11:38:28','','317459_vitrines-de-noel-des-grands-magasins','','inherit','open','closed','','317459_vitrines-de-noel-des-grands-magasins','','','2022-12-24 15:38:28','2022-12-24 11:38:28','',2062,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/317459_vitrines-de-noel-des-grands-magasins.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2072,2,'2022-12-24 15:38:58','2022-12-24 11:38:58','','decos','','inherit','open','closed','','decos','','','2022-12-24 15:38:58','2022-12-24 11:38:58','',2062,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/decos.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2073,2,'2022-12-24 15:39:20','2022-12-24 11:39:20','','images','','inherit','open','closed','','images-2','','','2022-12-24 15:39:20','2022-12-24 11:39:20','',2062,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/images.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2074,2,'2022-12-24 15:40:06','2022-12-24 11:40:06','<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Les fêtes de fin d\'année approchent à grands pas! L\'occasion, pour nous, de revenir plus en détails sur l\'ensemble des rites festifs qui accompagnent ce moment de retrouvailles familiales et de célébrations religieuses qu\'est la fête de Noël.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Origine étymologique de Noël</strong></em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>L\'origine étymologique du mot \"Noël\" est complexe, cependant il regroupe un ensemble de significations communes à différentes langues européennes, notamment latines. En effet, dans les langues romanes, <em>Noël </em>est un terme qui partage une origine commune, comme <em>natale </em>en italien, <em>natal </em>en portugais ou encore<em> nadal</em> en catalan, que l\'on retrouve également dans les langues celtiques avec l\'adjectif latin <em>natalis</em> et dont le sens équivalent est relatif à la naissance. D\'abord associé au mot latin <em>dies, </em>pour donner littéralement \"jour de naissance\": <em>natalis dies, </em>le terme subira plusieurs modifications phonétiques pour aboutir à celui que nous connaissons actuellement comme <em>Noël.</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em><strong>Croyances païennes et chrétiennes</strong></em> <strong><em>à l\'origine de la célébration de Noël</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>La période hivernale, en Europe, est l\'occasion de célébrer différents évènements liés à la \"mort\" et à la \"résurrection\" de la nature, comme le solstice d\'hiver. Longtemps considéré comme une divinité à laquelle on rendait hommage, le soleil est particulièrement mis à l\'honneur pendant cette période, notamment chez les Romains, En effet, l\'empereur romain Aurélien, en 274, fixe au 25 décembre la célébration du <em>dies natalis solis invicti, </em>à savoir jour de la naissance du soleil invaincu, au lendemain des fêtes traditionnelles des <em>Saturnales. </em>Ce n\'est qu\'en 336 que l\'on trouve mention d\'une première célébration chrétienne à Rome, le 25 décembre, l\'Eglise chrétienne ne s\'étant guère préoccupée de fêter la date de naissance du Christ jusqu\'alors, date qu\'elle ignorait d\'ailleurs. Il est fort probable que le 25 décembre soit devenu, progressivement, la date retenue, même si non avérée, pour célébrer la nativité afin de faciliter la diffusion du culte chrétien, auprès des populations, grâce à une date calendaire largement festive dans l\'Europe des premiers siècles après J-C. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Du passage des rites religieux aux rites profanes</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>De l\'Antiquité au Moyen-Age, le mois de décembre donne lieu à de multiples célébrations qui s\'accompagnent d\'ornement végétal sur les édifices, de dons et échanges de cadeaux, notamment ceux faits aux enfants, mais aussi l\'occasion de festins et de fraternisations entre maîtres et esclaves mais aussi entre riches et pauvres. Un moment privilégié où sont suspendues les rivalités, les conflits d\'intérêts et les inégalités sociales. Bien que non chrétiennes, ces célébrations païennes sont considérées comme sacrées et s\'accompagnent de pratiques fortement ritualisées. C\'est donc tout naturellement que la fête chrétienne de la nativité se substitue à ces célébrations, mettant en avant les mêmes principes du don et de la fraternisation . Dieu n\'a-t-il pas fait le don ultime en offrant la vie de son fils en sacrifice pour sauver l\'humanité?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2070,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/noel-galerie-lafayette-e1545318063681.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2070\"/><figcaption>Galeries Lafayette illuminées, Paris.</figcaption></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ce n\'est véritablement que lors de la seconde moitié du XX<sup>ème </sup> siècle que Noël quitte progressivement la sphère exclusivement religieuse pour s\'ancrer dans la vie profane, en développant notamment son aspect commercial. Tout est alors propice à la consommation voire à la surconsommation. Il faut dire que l\'enjeu est de taille : une preparation d\'un an pour les vitrines des grands magasins avec 100 000 spectateurs attendus pour le <em>Printemps</em> et 250 000 pour les <em>Galeries Lafayette</em> à Paris! Le père Noël lui-même participe à cette surenchère avec les \"acteurs\" embauchés pour l\'occasion avec lesquels les enfants peuvent être photographier, la création de sites et autres groupes spécialisés pour recevoir les listes des cadeaux envoyées au Père Noël, enfin, la création du <em>Santa Claus village</em> en 1991, en Laponie, et qui attire des milliers de visiteurs venus du monde entier chaque année.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2069,\"width\":420,\"height\":120,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/photos-noel.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2069\" width=\"420\" height=\"120\"/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Au coeur de la célébration de Noël, le paradigme du don</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Noël n\'est cependant pas que l\'occasion d\'une célébration religieuse ou purement commerciale car, au coeur de cette fête, c\'est avant tout le don et ainsi, le lien social qui sont célébrés. Comme l\'affirmait le père de l\'anthropologie Marcel Mauss, en parlant de ceux qui élèbrent Noël : \" ce qu\'ils échangent, ce n’est pas exclusivement des biens et des richesses, des meubles et des immeubles, des choses utiles économiquement. Ce sont avant tout des politesses, des festins, des rites, des services militaires, des femmes, des enfants, des danses, des fêtes, des foires dont le marché n’est qu’un des moments et où la circulation des richesses n’est plus qu’un des termes d’un contrat beaucoup plus général et beaucoup plus permanent.» (Mauss, 1950).</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>En effet, la base même de ces échanges est ce qui tisse toutes les relations sociales, à savoir la mécanique du don/contre-don. On donne, on reçoit, on rend. Voilà ce que nous échangeons un Noël et le don, le cadeau et sa valeur symbolique et marchande, sont le reflet de notre lien avec l\'autre. Qui est-il pour nous? Que ressent-on nous pour lui? Que sommes-nous prêts à lui \"sacrifier\" pécunièrement en fonction de l\'affection que nous lui portons? Est-ce un don \"obligatoire\", c\'est-à-dire celui qu\'impose une relation familiale, professionnelle ou est-ce un don \"du coeur\", que nous faisons sans obligation mais que nous voulons porteur de l\'amour, le respect ou encore l\'estime que nous portons à la personne qui va le recevoir, et par lequel nous voulons signifier la relation que nous avons ou aimerions avoir avec cette personne?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2071,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/317459_vitrines-de-noel-des-grands-magasins.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2071\"/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Enfin Noël c\'est et cela reste surtout la fête familiale par excellence. Celle où on reçoit et où rivalise d\'ingéniosité pour satisfaire ses convives, car c\'est avant tout un moment privilégié de retrouvailles mais aussi l\'occasion de festoyer autour d\'une table bien garnie. Une mise en scène rituelle où chaque convive et chaque aliment a son rôle à jouer. C\'est aussi la perspective de l\'attente et la surprise : que va-t-on nous servir cette année? Mais également l\'occasion de savoir qui est présent ou qui sera nouvellement accueilli dans le \"clan\". En effet, Noël est la reunion de la famille biologique mais aussi celle du \"coeur\", celle que l\'on a choisie, les individus que l\'on décide de convier lors de cet événement symbolique si particulier. Et, ne l\'oublions pas, Noël c\'est aussi la magie, celle de notre enfance, celle de nos rêves où tout est possible et où tout n\'est qu\'émerveillement, joie et espoir. C\'est peut-être cela le plus grand cadeau que nous fait Noël...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2072,\"width\":266,\"height\":190,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/decos.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2072\" width=\"266\" height=\"190\"/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":2073,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/images.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2073\"/><figcaption>La bûche traditionnelle de Noël</figcaption></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->','Noël, une fête entre sacré et profane','','inherit','closed','closed','','2062-revision-v1','','','2022-12-24 15:40:06','2022-12-24 11:40:06','',2062,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2074',0,'revision','',0),(2081,2,'2024-05-01 10:40:32','0000-00-00 00:00:00','','Pourquoi offre-t-on du muguet au 1er mai?','','draft','open','open','','','','','2024-05-01 10:40:32','2024-05-01 06:40:32','',0,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2081',0,'post','',0),(2082,2,'2024-05-01 11:57:18','2024-05-01 07:57:18','<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2085,\"width\":593,\"height\":333,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2094.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2085\" width=\"593\" height=\"333\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est aujourd\'hui la fête du 1er mai, fête du travail dans de nombreux pays, dont Maurice. En France, il est coutume d\'offrir un brin de muguet aux personnes que l\'on visite pendant la journée, comme symbole de bonheur. Mais savez-vous pourquoi?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cette coutume est particulièrement ancienne. En effet, elle remonte à la Renaissance lorsqu\'en 1560, un certain chevalier Louis de Girard offrit un brin de muguet au roi Charles IX, fils de la célèbre Catherine de Médicis et frère de la reine Marguerite de Valois, alias la reine Margot, épouse du roi Henri IV. Le roi, alors en visite dans le département de la Drôme, fut touché de cette attention et charmé par la beauté simple de cette plante aux petites clochettes blanches, symbole du Printemps et donc du renouveau de la nature. Il décida alors d\'instaurer la coutume d\'offrir cette fleur, chaque 1er mai, aux dames de la Cour.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante porte-bonheur</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Associé au retour du Printemps, et donc à la fertilité de \"mère nature\", le muguet symbolise la prospérité et la chance, c\'est pourquoi on a coutume de l\'offrir aux personnes que l\'on apprécie, afin de leur porter bonheur, ses délicates clochettes blanches symbolisant la pureté, l\'innocence et la félicité. Ainsi, l\'idéal serait d\'offrir un brin contenant 13 clochettes - chiffre craint d\'ordinaire mais qui porterait bonheur associé à cette fleur - à une personne particulièrement aimée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2087,\"width\":348,\"height\":465,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2093-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2087\" width=\"348\" height=\"465\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante pas si innocente que cela</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Originaire des régions tempérées de l\'hémisphère nord, le muguet, de son vrai non <em>Covallaria majalis, </em>est une plante qui peut être très toxique si on l\'ingère, bien que ses fleurs étaient utilisées pour leurs supposés vertus médicinales au Moyen-Âge. Les apothicaires en faisaient des onguents contre les inflammations de la peau mais on l\'utilisait également contre l\'épilepsie ou les problèmes cardiaques, jusqu\'à ce que sa toxicité soit clairement démontrée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante li</em>ée <em>à l\'histoire</em> <em>et à la politique</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Plusieurs légendes ou mythes font référence au muguet. Ainsi, dans la mythologie grecque, c\'est le dieu Apollon qui en aurait tapissé le sol du Mont Parnasse pour que ses muses puissent y danser sans se blesser les pieds. On prétendait aussi que ses clochettes symbolisaient les larmes de l\'Ève biblique, chassée du paradis terrestre. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Toutefois, bien que son offrande soit liée au retour du Printemps mais aussi à la galanterie et à la chance, ce n\'est que bien plus tard que la plante est associée à la fête du travail. En effet, en 1890, les participants des premières manifestations de cette journée des travailleurs, décidèrent de porter une boutonnière en forme de triangle rouge, symbole de la division harmonieuse de la journée en trois huit : travail, sommeil et loisir, qui fut la revendication première de la journée nationale du travail. Puis, on décida, début XX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, de mettre une églantine, de couleur écarlate, en guise de boutonnière et signe distinctif des manifestants par rapport aux simples promeneurs. Finalement, c\'est lors de la seconde guerre mondiale que le maréchal Pétain instaura officiellement la fête du 1er mai, en France, comme la fête du travail et de la cohésion sociale, préférant faire du muguet, liée à la vierge et aux amoureux, la fleur symbole de cette fête nationale par rapport à l\'églantine, dont la couleur rouge évoquer, pour le lui, par trop le communisme.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est pourquoi, depuis ce jour, tradition et histoire nationale se retrouvent mêlée pour devenir un symbole à la fois de liberté sociale et de bonheur pour tous...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2089,\"width\":438,\"height\":472,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2092-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2089\" width=\"438\" height=\"472\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->','Pourquoi offre-t-on du muguet au 1er mai?','','publish','open','open','','pourquoi-offre-t-on-du-muguet-au-1er-mai','','','2024-05-01 11:57:19','2024-05-01 07:57:19','',0,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2082',0,'post','',0),(2083,2,'2024-05-01 11:42:41','2024-05-01 07:42:41','<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est aujourd\'hui la fête du 1er mai, fête du travail dans de nombreux pays, dont Maurice. En France, il est coutume d\'offrir un brin de muguet au personnes que l\'on visite pendant la journée, comme symbole de bonheur. Mais savez-vous pourquoi?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cette coutume est particulièrement ancienne. En effet, elle remonte à la Renaissance lorsqu\'en 1560, un certain chevalier Louis de Girard offrit un brin de muguet au roi Charles IX, fils de la célèbre Catherine de Médicis et frère de la reine Marguerite de Valois, alias la reine Margot, épouse du roi Henri IV. Le roi, alors en visite dans le département de la Drôme, fut touché de cette attention et charmé par la beauté simple de cette plante aux petites clochettes blanches, symbole du Printemps et donc du renouveau de la nature. Il décida alors d\'instaurer la coutume d\'offrir cette fleur, chaque 1er mai, aux dames de la Cour.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante porte-bonheur</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Associé au retour du Printemps, et donc de la fertilité de \"mère nature\", le muguet symbolise la prospérité et la chance, c\'est pourquoi on a coutume de l\'offrir aux personnes que l\'on apprécie, afin de le porter bonheur. Ses délicates clochettes blanches symbolisant la pureté, l\'innocence et la félicité. Ainsi, l\'idéal serait d\'offrir un brin contenant 13 clochettes - chiffre craint d\'ordinaire mais qui porterait bonheur associé à cette fleur - à une personne particulièrement aimée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante pas si innocente que cela</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Originaire des régions tempérées de l\'hémisphère nord, le muguet, de son vrai non <em>Covallaria majalis, </em>est une plante qui peut être très toxique si on l\'ingère bien que ses fleurs étaient utilisées pour leurs supposés vertus médicinales au Moyen-Âge. Les apothicaires en faisaient des onguents contre les inflammations de la peau mais on l\'utilisait également contre l\'épilepsie ou les problèmes cardiaques, jusqu\'à ce que sa toxicité soit clairement démontrée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante li</em>ée <em>à l\'histoire</em> <em>et à la politique</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Plusieurs légendes ou mythes font référence au muguet. Ainsi, dans la mythologie grecque, c\'est le dieu Apollon qui en aurait tapissé le sol du Mont Parnasse pour que ses muses puissent y danser sans se blesser les pieds. On prêtant aussi que ses clochettes symboliserait les larmes de l\'Ève biblique, chassée du paradis terrestre. Toutefois, bien que son offrande soit liée au retour du Printemps mais aussi à la galanterie et à la chance, ce n\'est que bien plus tard que la plante est associée à la fête du travail. En effet, en 1890, les participants des premières manifestation de cette journée des travailleurs, avaient alors coutume de porter une boutonnière en forme de triangle rouge, symbole de la division harmonieuse de la journée en trois huit : Travail, sommeil et loisir, qui fut la revendication première de la journée nationale du travail. Puis, on décida, début XX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, de mettre une églantine, de couleur écarlate, guise de boutonnière et signe distinctifs des manifestants par rapport aux simples promeneurs. Finalement, c\'est lors de la seconde guerre mondiale que le maréchal Pétain instaura officiellement la fête du 1er mai, en France, comme la fête du travail et de la cohésion sociale, préférant faire du muguet, liée à la vierge et aux amoureux, la fleur symbole de cette fête nationale par rapport à l\'églantine, dont la couleur rouge évoquer, pour le lui, par trop le communisme.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est pourquoi, depuis ce jour, tradition et histoire nationale se retrouvent mêlée pour devenir un symbole à la fois de liberté sociale et de bonheur pour tous...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','Pourquoi offre-t-on du muguet au 1er mai?','','inherit','closed','closed','','2082-revision-v1','','','2024-05-01 11:42:41','2024-05-01 07:42:41','',2082,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2083',0,'revision','',0),(2084,2,'2024-05-01 11:47:49','2024-05-01 07:47:49','','IMG_2092','','inherit','open','closed','','img_2092','','','2024-05-01 11:47:49','2024-05-01 07:47:49','',2082,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2092.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2085,2,'2024-05-01 11:48:28','2024-05-01 07:48:28','','IMG_2094','','inherit','open','closed','','img_2094','','','2024-05-01 11:48:28','2024-05-01 07:48:28','',2082,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2094.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2086,2,'2024-05-01 11:49:39','2024-05-01 07:49:39','<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2085,\"width\":593,\"height\":333,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2094.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2085\" width=\"593\" height=\"333\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est aujourd\'hui la fête du 1er mai, fête du travail dans de nombreux pays, dont Maurice. En France, il est coutume d\'offrir un brin de muguet au personnes que l\'on visite pendant la journée, comme symbole de bonheur. Mais savez-vous pourquoi?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cette coutume est particulièrement ancienne. En effet, elle remonte à la Renaissance lorsqu\'en 1560, un certain chevalier Louis de Girard offrit un brin de muguet au roi Charles IX, fils de la célèbre Catherine de Médicis et frère de la reine Marguerite de Valois, alias la reine Margot, épouse du roi Henri IV. Le roi, alors en visite dans le département de la Drôme, fut touché de cette attention et charmé par la beauté simple de cette plante aux petites clochettes blanches, symbole du Printemps et donc du renouveau de la nature. Il décida alors d\'instaurer la coutume d\'offrir cette fleur, chaque 1er mai, aux dames de la Cour.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante porte-bonheur</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Associé au retour du Printemps, et donc de la fertilité de \"mère nature\", le muguet symbolise la prospérité et la chance, c\'est pourquoi on a coutume de l\'offrir aux personnes que l\'on apprécie, afin de le porter bonheur. Ses délicates clochettes blanches symbolisant la pureté, l\'innocence et la félicité. Ainsi, l\'idéal serait d\'offrir un brin contenant 13 clochettes - chiffre craint d\'ordinaire mais qui porterait bonheur associé à cette fleur - à une personne particulièrement aimée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante pas si innocente que cela</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Originaire des régions tempérées de l\'hémisphère nord, le muguet, de son vrai non <em>Covallaria majalis, </em>est une plante qui peut être très toxique si on l\'ingère bien que ses fleurs étaient utilisées pour leurs supposés vertus médicinales au Moyen-Âge. Les apothicaires en faisaient des onguents contre les inflammations de la peau mais on l\'utilisait également contre l\'épilepsie ou les problèmes cardiaques, jusqu\'à ce que sa toxicité soit clairement démontrée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante li</em>ée <em>à l\'histoire</em> <em>et à la politique</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Plusieurs légendes ou mythes font référence au muguet. Ainsi, dans la mythologie grecque, c\'est le dieu Apollon qui en aurait tapissé le sol du Mont Parnasse pour que ses muses puissent y danser sans se blesser les pieds. On prêtant aussi que ses clochettes symboliserait les larmes de l\'Ève biblique, chassée du paradis terrestre. Toutefois, bien que son offrande soit liée au retour du Printemps mais aussi à la galanterie et à la chance, ce n\'est que bien plus tard que la plante est associée à la fête du travail. En effet, en 1890, les participants des premières manifestation de cette journée des travailleurs, avaient alors coutume de porter une boutonnière en forme de triangle rouge, symbole de la division harmonieuse de la journée en trois huit : Travail, sommeil et loisir, qui fut la revendication première de la journée nationale du travail. Puis, on décida, début XX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, de mettre une églantine, de couleur écarlate, guise de boutonnière et signe distinctifs des manifestants par rapport aux simples promeneurs. Finalement, c\'est lors de la seconde guerre mondiale que le maréchal Pétain instaura officiellement la fête du 1er mai, en France, comme la fête du travail et de la cohésion sociale, préférant faire du muguet, liée à la vierge et aux amoureux, la fleur symbole de cette fête nationale par rapport à l\'églantine, dont la couleur rouge évoquer, pour le lui, par trop le communisme.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est pourquoi, depuis ce jour, tradition et histoire nationale se retrouvent mêlée pour devenir un symbole à la fois de liberté sociale et de bonheur pour tous...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','Pourquoi offre-t-on du muguet au 1er mai?','','inherit','closed','closed','','2082-revision-v1','','','2024-05-01 11:49:39','2024-05-01 07:49:39','',2082,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2086',0,'revision','',0),(2087,2,'2024-05-01 11:50:14','2024-05-01 07:50:14','','IMG_2093-2','','inherit','open','closed','','img_2093-2','','','2024-05-01 11:50:14','2024-05-01 07:50:14','',2082,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2093-2.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2088,2,'2024-05-01 11:50:40','2024-05-01 07:50:40','<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2085,\"width\":593,\"height\":333,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2094.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2085\" width=\"593\" height=\"333\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est aujourd\'hui la fête du 1er mai, fête du travail dans de nombreux pays, dont Maurice. En France, il est coutume d\'offrir un brin de muguet au personnes que l\'on visite pendant la journée, comme symbole de bonheur. Mais savez-vous pourquoi?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cette coutume est particulièrement ancienne. En effet, elle remonte à la Renaissance lorsqu\'en 1560, un certain chevalier Louis de Girard offrit un brin de muguet au roi Charles IX, fils de la célèbre Catherine de Médicis et frère de la reine Marguerite de Valois, alias la reine Margot, épouse du roi Henri IV. Le roi, alors en visite dans le département de la Drôme, fut touché de cette attention et charmé par la beauté simple de cette plante aux petites clochettes blanches, symbole du Printemps et donc du renouveau de la nature. Il décida alors d\'instaurer la coutume d\'offrir cette fleur, chaque 1er mai, aux dames de la Cour.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante porte-bonheur</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Associé au retour du Printemps, et donc de la fertilité de \"mère nature\", le muguet symbolise la prospérité et la chance, c\'est pourquoi on a coutume de l\'offrir aux personnes que l\'on apprécie, afin de le porter bonheur. Ses délicates clochettes blanches symbolisant la pureté, l\'innocence et la félicité. Ainsi, l\'idéal serait d\'offrir un brin contenant 13 clochettes - chiffre craint d\'ordinaire mais qui porterait bonheur associé à cette fleur - à une personne particulièrement aimée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2087,\"width\":348,\"height\":465,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2093-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2087\" width=\"348\" height=\"465\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante pas si innocente que cela</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Originaire des régions tempérées de l\'hémisphère nord, le muguet, de son vrai non <em>Covallaria majalis, </em>est une plante qui peut être très toxique si on l\'ingère bien que ses fleurs étaient utilisées pour leurs supposés vertus médicinales au Moyen-Âge. Les apothicaires en faisaient des onguents contre les inflammations de la peau mais on l\'utilisait également contre l\'épilepsie ou les problèmes cardiaques, jusqu\'à ce que sa toxicité soit clairement démontrée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante li</em>ée <em>à l\'histoire</em> <em>et à la politique</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Plusieurs légendes ou mythes font référence au muguet. Ainsi, dans la mythologie grecque, c\'est le dieu Apollon qui en aurait tapissé le sol du Mont Parnasse pour que ses muses puissent y danser sans se blesser les pieds. On prêtant aussi que ses clochettes symboliserait les larmes de l\'Ève biblique, chassée du paradis terrestre. Toutefois, bien que son offrande soit liée au retour du Printemps mais aussi à la galanterie et à la chance, ce n\'est que bien plus tard que la plante est associée à la fête du travail. En effet, en 1890, les participants des premières manifestation de cette journée des travailleurs, avaient alors coutume de porter une boutonnière en forme de triangle rouge, symbole de la division harmonieuse de la journée en trois huit : Travail, sommeil et loisir, qui fut la revendication première de la journée nationale du travail. Puis, on décida, début XX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, de mettre une églantine, de couleur écarlate, guise de boutonnière et signe distinctifs des manifestants par rapport aux simples promeneurs. Finalement, c\'est lors de la seconde guerre mondiale que le maréchal Pétain instaura officiellement la fête du 1er mai, en France, comme la fête du travail et de la cohésion sociale, préférant faire du muguet, liée à la vierge et aux amoureux, la fleur symbole de cette fête nationale par rapport à l\'églantine, dont la couleur rouge évoquer, pour le lui, par trop le communisme.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est pourquoi, depuis ce jour, tradition et histoire nationale se retrouvent mêlée pour devenir un symbole à la fois de liberté sociale et de bonheur pour tous...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','Pourquoi offre-t-on du muguet au 1er mai?','','inherit','closed','closed','','2082-revision-v1','','','2024-05-01 11:50:40','2024-05-01 07:50:40','',2082,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2088',0,'revision','',0),(2089,2,'2024-05-01 11:51:02','2024-05-01 07:51:02','','IMG_2092-1','','inherit','open','closed','','img_2092-1','','','2024-05-01 11:51:02','2024-05-01 07:51:02','',2082,'http://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2092-1.jpg',0,'attachment','image/jpeg',0),(2090,2,'2024-05-01 11:51:16','2024-05-01 07:51:16','<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2085,\"width\":593,\"height\":333,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2094.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2085\" width=\"593\" height=\"333\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est aujourd\'hui la fête du 1er mai, fête du travail dans de nombreux pays, dont Maurice. En France, il est coutume d\'offrir un brin de muguet au personnes que l\'on visite pendant la journée, comme symbole de bonheur. Mais savez-vous pourquoi?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cette coutume est particulièrement ancienne. En effet, elle remonte à la Renaissance lorsqu\'en 1560, un certain chevalier Louis de Girard offrit un brin de muguet au roi Charles IX, fils de la célèbre Catherine de Médicis et frère de la reine Marguerite de Valois, alias la reine Margot, épouse du roi Henri IV. Le roi, alors en visite dans le département de la Drôme, fut touché de cette attention et charmé par la beauté simple de cette plante aux petites clochettes blanches, symbole du Printemps et donc du renouveau de la nature. Il décida alors d\'instaurer la coutume d\'offrir cette fleur, chaque 1er mai, aux dames de la Cour.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante porte-bonheur</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Associé au retour du Printemps, et donc de la fertilité de \"mère nature\", le muguet symbolise la prospérité et la chance, c\'est pourquoi on a coutume de l\'offrir aux personnes que l\'on apprécie, afin de le porter bonheur. Ses délicates clochettes blanches symbolisant la pureté, l\'innocence et la félicité. Ainsi, l\'idéal serait d\'offrir un brin contenant 13 clochettes - chiffre craint d\'ordinaire mais qui porterait bonheur associé à cette fleur - à une personne particulièrement aimée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2087,\"width\":348,\"height\":465,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2093-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2087\" width=\"348\" height=\"465\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante pas si innocente que cela</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Originaire des régions tempérées de l\'hémisphère nord, le muguet, de son vrai non <em>Covallaria majalis, </em>est une plante qui peut être très toxique si on l\'ingère bien que ses fleurs étaient utilisées pour leurs supposés vertus médicinales au Moyen-Âge. Les apothicaires en faisaient des onguents contre les inflammations de la peau mais on l\'utilisait également contre l\'épilepsie ou les problèmes cardiaques, jusqu\'à ce que sa toxicité soit clairement démontrée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante li</em>ée <em>à l\'histoire</em> <em>et à la politique</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Plusieurs légendes ou mythes font référence au muguet. Ainsi, dans la mythologie grecque, c\'est le dieu Apollon qui en aurait tapissé le sol du Mont Parnasse pour que ses muses puissent y danser sans se blesser les pieds. On prêtant aussi que ses clochettes symboliserait les larmes de l\'Ève biblique, chassée du paradis terrestre. Toutefois, bien que son offrande soit liée au retour du Printemps mais aussi à la galanterie et à la chance, ce n\'est que bien plus tard que la plante est associée à la fête du travail. En effet, en 1890, les participants des premières manifestation de cette journée des travailleurs, avaient alors coutume de porter une boutonnière en forme de triangle rouge, symbole de la division harmonieuse de la journée en trois huit : Travail, sommeil et loisir, qui fut la revendication première de la journée nationale du travail. Puis, on décida, début XX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, de mettre une églantine, de couleur écarlate, guise de boutonnière et signe distinctifs des manifestants par rapport aux simples promeneurs. Finalement, c\'est lors de la seconde guerre mondiale que le maréchal Pétain instaura officiellement la fête du 1er mai, en France, comme la fête du travail et de la cohésion sociale, préférant faire du muguet, liée à la vierge et aux amoureux, la fleur symbole de cette fête nationale par rapport à l\'églantine, dont la couleur rouge évoquer, pour le lui, par trop le communisme.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est pourquoi, depuis ce jour, tradition et histoire nationale se retrouvent mêlée pour devenir un symbole à la fois de liberté sociale et de bonheur pour tous...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2089,\"width\":438,\"height\":472,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2092-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2089\" width=\"438\" height=\"472\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->','Pourquoi offre-t-on du muguet au 1er mai?','','inherit','closed','closed','','2082-revision-v1','','','2024-05-01 11:51:16','2024-05-01 07:51:16','',2082,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2090',0,'revision','',0),(2091,2,'2024-05-01 11:57:14','2024-05-01 07:57:14','<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2085,\"width\":593,\"height\":333,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2094.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2085\" width=\"593\" height=\"333\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est aujourd\'hui la fête du 1er mai, fête du travail dans de nombreux pays, dont Maurice. En France, il est coutume d\'offrir un brin de muguet aux personnes que l\'on visite pendant la journée, comme symbole de bonheur. Mais savez-vous pourquoi?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Cette coutume est particulièrement ancienne. En effet, elle remonte à la Renaissance lorsqu\'en 1560, un certain chevalier Louis de Girard offrit un brin de muguet au roi Charles IX, fils de la célèbre Catherine de Médicis et frère de la reine Marguerite de Valois, alias la reine Margot, épouse du roi Henri IV. Le roi, alors en visite dans le département de la Drôme, fut touché de cette attention et charmé par la beauté simple de cette plante aux petites clochettes blanches, symbole du Printemps et donc du renouveau de la nature. Il décida alors d\'instaurer la coutume d\'offrir cette fleur, chaque 1er mai, aux dames de la Cour.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante porte-bonheur</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Associé au retour du Printemps, et donc à la fertilité de \"mère nature\", le muguet symbolise la prospérité et la chance, c\'est pourquoi on a coutume de l\'offrir aux personnes que l\'on apprécie, afin de leur porter bonheur, ses délicates clochettes blanches symbolisant la pureté, l\'innocence et la félicité. Ainsi, l\'idéal serait d\'offrir un brin contenant 13 clochettes - chiffre craint d\'ordinaire mais qui porterait bonheur associé à cette fleur - à une personne particulièrement aimée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2087,\"width\":348,\"height\":465,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2093-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2087\" width=\"348\" height=\"465\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante pas si innocente que cela</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Originaire des régions tempérées de l\'hémisphère nord, le muguet, de son vrai non <em>Covallaria majalis, </em>est une plante qui peut être très toxique si on l\'ingère, bien que ses fleurs étaient utilisées pour leurs supposés vertus médicinales au Moyen-Âge. Les apothicaires en faisaient des onguents contre les inflammations de la peau mais on l\'utilisait également contre l\'épilepsie ou les problèmes cardiaques, jusqu\'à ce que sa toxicité soit clairement démontrée.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Une plante li</em>ée <em>à l\'histoire</em> <em>et à la politique</em></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Plusieurs légendes ou mythes font référence au muguet. Ainsi, dans la mythologie grecque, c\'est le dieu Apollon qui en aurait tapissé le sol du Mont Parnasse pour que ses muses puissent y danser sans se blesser les pieds. On prétendait aussi que ses clochettes symbolisaient les larmes de l\'Ève biblique, chassée du paradis terrestre. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Toutefois, bien que son offrande soit liée au retour du Printemps mais aussi à la galanterie et à la chance, ce n\'est que bien plus tard que la plante est associée à la fête du travail. En effet, en 1890, les participants des premières manifestations de cette journée des travailleurs, décidèrent de porter une boutonnière en forme de triangle rouge, symbole de la division harmonieuse de la journée en trois huit : travail, sommeil et loisir, qui fut la revendication première de la journée nationale du travail. Puis, on décida, début XX<sup>ème </sup>siècle, de mettre une églantine, de couleur écarlate, en guise de boutonnière et signe distinctif des manifestants par rapport aux simples promeneurs. Finalement, c\'est lors de la seconde guerre mondiale que le maréchal Pétain instaura officiellement la fête du 1er mai, en France, comme la fête du travail et de la cohésion sociale, préférant faire du muguet, liée à la vierge et aux amoureux, la fleur symbole de cette fête nationale par rapport à l\'églantine, dont la couleur rouge évoquer, pour le lui, par trop le communisme.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est pourquoi, depuis ce jour, tradition et histoire nationale se retrouvent mêlée pour devenir un symbole à la fois de liberté sociale et de bonheur pour tous...</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"id\":2089,\"width\":438,\"height\":472,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https://ethnikamauricia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/IMG_2092-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2089\" width=\"438\" height=\"472\"/></figure></div>\n<!-- /wp:image -->','Pourquoi offre-t-on du muguet au 1er mai?','','inherit','closed','closed','','2082-revision-v1','','','2024-05-01 11:57:14','2024-05-01 07:57:14','',2082,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2091',0,'revision','',0),(2094,2,'2024-09-11 18:41:25','0000-00-00 00:00:00','<!-- wp:image -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Le dieu Ganesh ou Ganesha est certainement le dieu le plus populaire et le plus apprécié du panthéon hindou, cela est du en grande partie aux qualités qu\'il représente mais aussi de sa tête d\'éléphant qui attire et apaise. Mais avez-vous remarqué que sa trompe n\'est pas toujours tournée du même côté, selon ses représentations? En connaissez-vous la signification?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:image -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img alt=\"\"/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Rappelons que Ganesh, fils de Parvati et Shiva, est le dieu que l\'on invoque avant l\'entreprise de tout projet majeur, seigneur des commencements, de la sagesse et de la connaissance, son attribut le plus remarquable est sans aucun doute sa tête d\'éléphant et notamment sa trompe dont la direction a différentes significations. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>En effet, la courbure de la trompe de Ganesh est essentielle pour comprendre la représentation du monde dans la philosophie hindoue. Elle symbolise, en effet, le son <em>om </em>ou <em>aum</em>, le son primordial prononcé au début de toute prière, et dont la fréquence de la vibration apporte apaisement et bien-être. Ainsi Ganesh est aussi le dieu de la parole et de la communication.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Trompe courbée à gauche </em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>La trompe de Ganesh tournée sur la gauche représente <em>Ida Nadi</em> à savoir une énergie féminine liée à l\'énergie lunaire qui nourrit et apaise. Les statues de Ganesh avec la trompe courbée à gauche symbolise l\'abondance et la prospérité.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Trompe courbée vers la droite</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est au contraire l\'énergie masculine, au soleil, <em>Pingala Nadi</em>. Liée à une vie ascétique, les représentations de Ganesh avec une trompe courbée à droite sont largement répandues dans les temples dans lesquels on pratique certains rituels où cette énergie masculine représente la liberté des plaisirs du monde mais aussi la libération finale de l\'âme individuelle ou <em>Moksha, </em>et donc de la réincarnation.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','La trompe de Ganesha : sens et signification','','draft','open','open','','','','','2024-09-11 18:41:25','2024-09-11 14:41:25','',0,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2094',0,'post','',0),(2095,2,'2024-09-10 16:43:58','2024-09-10 12:43:58','<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Le dieu Ganesh ou Ganesha est certainement le dieu le plus populaire et le plus apprécié du panthéon hindou, cela est du en grande partie aux qualités qu\'il représente mais aussi de sa tête d\'éléphant qui attire et apaise. Mais avez-vous remarqué que sa trompe n\'est pas toujours tournée du même côté, selon ses représentations? En connaissez-vous la signification?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Rappelons que Ganesh, fils de Parvati et Shiva, est le dieu que l\'on invoque avant l\'entreprise de tout projet majeur, seigneur des commencements, de la sagesse et de la connaissance, son attribut le plus remarquable est sans aucun doute sa tête d\'éléphant et notamment sa trompe dont la direction a différentes significations. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>En effet, la courbure de la trompe de Ganesh est essentielle pour comprendre la représentation du monde dans la philosophie hindoue. Elle symbolise, en effet, le son <em>om </em>ou <em>aum</em>, le son primordial prononcé au début de toute prière, et dont la fréquence de la vibration apporte apaisement et bien-être. Ainsi Ganesh est aussi le dieu de la parole et de la communication.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Trompe courbée à gauche </em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>La trompe de Ganesh tournée sur la gauche représente <em>Ida Nadi</em> à savoir une énergie féminine liée à l\'énergie lunaire qui nourrit et apaise. Les statues de Ganesh avec la trompe courbée à gauche symbolise l\'abondance et la prospérité.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Trompe courbée vers la droite</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est au contraire l\'énergie masculine, au soleil, <em>Pingala Nadi</em>. Liée à une vie ascétique, les représentations de Ganesh avec une trompe courbée à droite sont largement répandues dans les temples dans lesquels on pratique certains rituels où cette énergie masculine représente la liberté des plaisirs du monde mais aussi la libération finale de l\'âme individuelle ou <em>Moksha, </em>et donc de la réincarnation.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','La trompe de Ganesha : sens et signification','','inherit','closed','closed','','2094-revision-v1','','','2024-09-10 16:43:58','2024-09-10 12:43:58','',2094,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2095',0,'revision','',0),(2096,2,'2024-09-11 18:40:06','2024-09-11 14:40:06','<!-- wp:image -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img/></figure>\n<!-- /wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Le dieu Ganesh ou Ganesha est certainement le dieu le plus populaire et le plus apprécié du panthéon hindou, cela est du en grande partie aux qualités qu\'il représente mais aussi de sa tête d\'éléphant qui attire et apaise. Mais avez-vous remarqué que sa trompe n\'est pas toujours tournée du même côté, selon ses représentations? En connaissez-vous la signification?</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Rappelons que Ganesh, fils de Parvati et Shiva, est le dieu que l\'on invoque avant l\'entreprise de tout projet majeur, seigneur des commencements, de la sagesse et de la connaissance, son attribut le plus remarquable est sans aucun doute sa tête d\'éléphant et notamment sa trompe dont la direction a différentes significations. </p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>En effet, la courbure de la trompe de Ganesh est essentielle pour comprendre la représentation du monde dans la philosophie hindoue. Elle symbolise, en effet, le son <em>om </em>ou <em>aum</em>, le son primordial prononcé au début de toute prière, et dont la fréquence de la vibration apporte apaisement et bien-être. Ainsi Ganesh est aussi le dieu de la parole et de la communication.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Trompe courbée à gauche </em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>La trompe de Ganesh tournée sur la gauche représente <em>Ida Nadi</em> à savoir une énergie féminine liée à l\'énergie lunaire qui nourrit et apaise. Les statues de Ganesh avec la trompe courbée à gauche symbolise l\'abondance et la prospérité.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>Trompe courbée vers la droite</em></strong></p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>C\'est au contraire l\'énergie masculine, au soleil, <em>Pingala Nadi</em>. Liée à une vie ascétique, les représentations de Ganesh avec une trompe courbée à droite sont largement répandues dans les temples dans lesquels on pratique certains rituels où cette énergie masculine représente la liberté des plaisirs du monde mais aussi la libération finale de l\'âme individuelle ou <em>Moksha, </em>et donc de la réincarnation.</p>\n<!-- /wp:paragraph -->','La trompe de Ganesha : sens et signification','','inherit','closed','closed','','2094-revision-v1','','','2024-09-11 18:40:06','2024-09-11 14:40:06','',2094,'https://ethnikamauricia.com/?p=2096',0,'revision','',0);
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